Page 4-Wednesday, October 12, 1977--:The Michigan Daily
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Carter's human rights
plan: Rhetoric or policy
Eighty-Eight Years of Editorial Freedom
420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109
Vol. .XXXVtIt, No.M
News Phone: 764-0552
Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan
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Don' forget Kent State!r
"HERE ARE SOME events you just war movement which forced an about-
don't forget, events which stand face in American policy and ended an
markers for great movements unjust foreign intervention.
ich shape the course of history. A coalition has declared today "na-
One of these is the death of the Kent tional arm band day" and is asking us
te four, seven years ago. Brought to show our support for preserving the
wn by rifle fire from Ohio National site of the Kent State killings as a me-
ardsmen, these students are the morial to the dead students.
st known symbol of the student anti- The group will be passing out arm
bands on the Diag from 9 a.m. to noon
P M10d Jan t 1 today, asking passers by to wear the
bands as a token of their support.
EDITORIAL STAFF The Daily hopes its readers will
NMARIE LIPINSKI JIM TOBIN participate in this symbolic demon-
Editors-in-Chief stration. Wearing an arm band re-
S OSIOBVICH....... .............Managing Editor quires little effort but expresses
U McCONNELL.. Managing Editor solidarity with four students who made
NNIFER MILLER .... .............Managing Editor
TRICIA MONTEMURRI .......Managing Editor the ultimate personal sacrifice of our
N PARSIGIAN........ .............. . Managing Editor highest
B ROSENBAUM ...............Managing Editor country'shi es principles.
By HOWARD BRICK
Less than five years after ac-
tive U.S. involvement ended in
Vietnam, four years after U.S.
aid and encouragement helped
topple the Allende regime in a
bloody coup, three years after
Nixon resigned and the govern-
ment admitted infiltrating and
harrassing domestic dissident
groups for decades, the U.S. gov-
ernment has suddenly taken upon
itself the role of global guardian
of human rights.
Shall we believe the protesta-
tions of the new administration?
That's the question that exiled
Peruvian peasant leader Hugo
Blanco will address in his lecture
tomorrow night in the Michigan
Union's Pendleton Room.
ACTUALLY, expressions of
high-minded idealism are not
new in the rhetoric of American
presidents. John Kennedy opened
his administration with the proc-
lamation of a "New Frontier";
we are still told today that his
presidency brought a new spirit,
one of humanism and change, to
the country. But the administra-
tion's idea of humanism and
change found expression in
trying to suppress revolutionary
movements in Vietnam and else-
where. After the Bay of Pigs in-
vasion Kennedy told a crowd of
invasion veterans that their flag
would one day fly over Havana.
And his brother Robert led a CIA
campaign of daily commando
raids sabotaging Cuban factories
and cane fields. When informed
of attempts to assassinate Fidel
Castro, Robert Kennedy angrily
told a CIA official that if such ac-
tions need be taken, he didn't
want to hear about them. Such a
response did not call a halt to as-
sassination attempts; it merely
established a "cover" for public
figures. If there wasany ex-
posure of CIA exploits, Robert
and John Kennedy could easily
claim ignorance of their under-
lings' activities.
In fact, John Kennedy's talk of
peace, freedom, and democracy
was part of the intensification of
cold war rhetoric and the cam-
paign for increasing armaments.
His election campaign, after all,
was founded to a large extent on
stirring public hysteria over a
supposed "missile gap."
LIKEWISE, CARTER'S rhe-
toric on human rights has been
used to support an aggressive
posture toward the Soviet Union
and the countries of Eastern Eu-
rope, which in turn justifies an-
other round of arms escalation.
In rejecting the B-1, Carter only
laid new emphasis on the de-
ployment of the cruise missile, a
weapon that can - due to its
mobility and resistance to detec-
tion - easily frustrate attempts
to control nuclear arms. Another
weapon the Carter administra-
tion has tentatively approved, the
neutron bomb, further endangers
world peace; its supposed pin-
point accuracy and limited
spread of all-out enhances the
possibility of the tactical use of
nuclear weapons, controlled by
military rather than civilian of-
ficials.
But the similarity of rhetoric
and arms policy between the Car-
ter and Kennedy administrations
does not in itself challenge the in-
tegrity of Carter's human rights
stand. In relation to Latin Amer-
ica, for instance, how has the
campaign for human rights been
'carried out?
Despite much talk of opposition
to the dictatorial practices of
Latin American military re-
gimes, little has changed in ter-
ms of U.S. alliances with these
governments. Just last month, in
fact, Carter hosted Gen. Augusto
Pinochet of Chile, Paraguayan
ruler Alfredo Stroessner, Lt. Gen.
Jorge Rafael Videla of Argen-
tina, and others at a White House
dinner celebrating the signing of
the new Panama Canal treaties.
PINOCHET HAS made a great
show of dissolving the notorious
DINA (National Directorate of
Intelligence), the secret police
responsible for the abduction,
torture, and murder of political
opponents; but it is generally
acknowledged that the powers
formerly exercised by DINA
have merely been transferred to
a new agency, the Center for Na-
tional Information.
Likewise, at the end of last
year, the Chilean junta, in an at-
tempt to blunt international criti-
cism, announced it would re-
lease "all" political prisoners
held without charges. Yet the
government admitted at the
same time that about 1,000 other
.political prisoners were in jail or
being tried for charges relating to
violations of "national security."
Non-government reports
estimate the number of political
prisoners between 4,000 and 6,000.
licized cuts in military aid to
Chile and other repressive Latin
American regimes. Despite the
fact that Congress supposedly
ended all military assistance to
Chile in June 1976, special credits
for previously negotiated arms
sales have remained in effect. In
May, according to a reporter
from the newspaper, In These
Times, Chile still has "$100 mil-
lion in equipment being delivered
or available for purchase with
FMS (Foreign Military Sales)
credits." The reporter continued:
"The Department of Defense
has used the aid tied up in this so-
called 'pipeline' to justify the
placement of advisors in the
American embassy in Chile.
Publicly the department claims
that the group of advisors -
which it calls an Office of Defense
Cooperation - is necessary to
provide technical advice on the
use of American military hard-
ware. It maintains that the ODC
is different from a military ad-
visory group and will not partici-
pate in military planning and
guidance.
"However, privately the de-
partment is telling the Congress a
different story. One congression-
al aide reported that a high De-
fense department spokesman
said 'the administration wants
the Chileans to realize that they
are close friends and allies of the
United States. The administra-
tion wants to preclude a Peruvian
situation, where countries buy
- Almanaque Latino Americano,1977
arms from the Russians.' "
Hugo Blanco is one who has sufe
fered from political repression in
his native Peru, as well as in
Argentina and Chile. And his two-
year battle to gain entry to this
country for a speaking tour says
something about "human rights"
in the United States.
IN THE EARLY 1960's, Blanco
helped organize thousands of
poor Indian tenant farmers in the
Cuzco region of Peru. The peas-
ant union he led seized the prop-
erty of rich landowners and es-
tablished its own courts, schools
and militias. The Peruvian police
launched a campaign against the
movement and captured Blanco
in May of 1963. As Blanco de-
scribed it in his book Land or
Death, his life was saved by a
conflict between two different po-
lice agencies: the Civil Guard
had orders to shoot to kill, while
the Intelligence Police were in-
structed to take Blanco alive. On
May 30, 1963, the Intelligence Po-
lice reached him first.
Blanco had escaped capture
several times in gun battles with
the police, and in 1966 he was
tried by a military tribunal for
the murder of two policemen. He
claimed he had only fired in self-
defense, acting in light of the or-
ders he knew had been issued for
his summary execution.
A world-wide protest campaign
in 1966 saved Blanco from the "le-
gal" death penalty, and in 1970 he
was released from jail in a gen-
eral amnesty of political prison-
ers. He refused to support the
new military government of
Peru, however, and was exiled in
September 1971. He traveled to
Argentina, where he was impri-
soned for three months, and then
to Chile, where he witnessed the
overthrow of Salvador Allende in
September 1973. He barely
escaped the country after taking
refuge in the Swedish Embassy.
After a brief return to Peru in
1975, Blanco was exiled once
again. Now living in Sweden, he
works to defend political prison-
ers in Latin American countries.
BLANCO TRIED to enter the
United States for a speaking tour
in 1975 but was denied a visa. The
State Department cited a section
of the !McCarran Act which
allows the government to exclude
from the country members of
communist, socialist, or anar-
chist organizations. Last March,
Blanco's publisher, Pathfinder
Press, re-applied for the visa,
since President Carter had prom-
ised a relaxation of restrictive
government travel policies. But
still, the State Departmentsruled
Blanco ineligible for a visa, not
only under the section of the Mc-
Carran Act which denies entry to
subversives but also under
another section whichsexcludes
people convicted of crimes in-
volving "moral turpitude." This
presumably referred to his 1966
trial, despite the extraordinary
circumstances surrounding the
supposed crime and the trial it-
self. Finally, on September 30,
three weeks after he was
originally scheduled to have
arrived in New York, the State
Department and the Immigration
and Naturalization Service gave
in and granted Blanco a travel
permit.
In August, as the administra-
tion prepared to host the leaders
of Latin American dictatorships,
Hugo Blanco, and his interpreter,
were interrogated by U.S. repre-
sentatives in Sweden on their po-
litical views. And as Pinochet,
Videla, Stroessner, and the rest
ate Maine lobster at the White
House on September 7, Blanco
received word of the initial rejec-
tion of his visa request. So, when
Jimmy Carter talks about "hu-
man rights," we have to ask not
only, "What does he mean?" We
also ask. "For whom?"
Howard Brick, a former
Daily Magazine Editor, is a
member of the A2 Committee
for Human Rights in Latin
America. The Committee will
present Hugo Blanco
tomorrow night at 7:30 in the
Pendleton Rm. of the Union,
M ARGARET YAO...... .............Managing Editor
ySUSAN ADES JAY LEVIN
Sunday Magazine Editors
ELAINE FLECTCHER TOM O'CONNELL
Associate Magazine Editors
JEFFREY SELBST
Arts Editor
TAFF WRITERS: Susan Barry, Richard Berke, Brian Blan-
hard, Michael Beckman, Lori Carruthers, Ken Chotiner, Eileen
aley, Lisa Fisher, Denise Fox, Steve Gold, David Goodman,
lisa Isaacson, Michael Jones, Lani Jordan, Janet Klein, Garth
riewall, Gregg Krupa, Paula Lashinsky, Marty Levine, Dobilas
*atunonis, Carolyn Morgan, Dan Oberdorfer, Mark Parrent,
aren Paul, Stephen Pickover, Christopher Potter, Martha
etallick, Keith Richburg, Diane Robinson, Julie Rovner, Dennis
abo, Annmarie Schiavi, Paul Shapiro, R. J. Smith, Elizabeth
lowik, Mike Taylor, Pauline Toole, Sue Warner, Jim Warren,
Iainda Willcox, Shelley Wolson, Tim Yagle, Mike Yellin, Barbara
f hs
Mark Andrews, Mike ilford, Richard Foltman
Weather Forecasters
SPORTS STAFF
KATHY HENNEGHAN........................ Sports Editor
TOM CAMERON Executive Sports Editor
SCOTT LEWIS............ Managing Sports Editor
DON MacLACHLAN................. Associate Sports Editor
JOHN NIEMEYER...... ........ .... Contributing Sports Editor
NIGHT EDITORS: Paul Campbell, Ernie Dunbar, Henry Engel-
hardt, Jeff Frank, Gary Kicinski, Rick Maddock, Brian Mar-
tin, Bob Miller, Brian Miller, Dave Renbarger, Cub Schwartz,
Errol Shifman and Jamie Turner.
PHOTOGRAPHY STAFF
ALAN JILINSKY ......................... Chief Photographer
ANDY FREEBERG ..................... Chief Photographer
BRAD BENJAMIN ...................... Staff Photographer
JOHN KNOX S.... . . ..Staff Photographer
CHRISTINA SCHNEIDER ................... Staff Photographer
Also, according to a subcommit-
tee report for the United Na-
tions Commission for Human
Rights,' approximately 2,000 peo-
ple have disappeared since the
junta took power.
Of the partial release, Pinochet
said, "This freedom is a magnan-
imous gesture aimed only at
showing the kind predisposition
of the government. This does not
mean the government has lost
authority, since the same restric-
tive measures are maintained,
the measures of security and or-
der."
IT HAS ALSO become clear
that the U.S. government has
compromised its own highly pub-
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Health Service
Handbook
By SYLVIA HACKER
and NANCY PALCHIK
QUESTION: Please would you
answer the following questions as
soon as possible in your health
column in the Daily. I am preg-
nant and would like to know what
current medical opinion is on the
use -of tylenol/acetaminophen
tablets during pregnancy. Is it
considered harmful to use the
tablets occasionally for head-
aches? I have always been a ten-
sion headache sufferer and am
afraid to take any tablets if there
could be possible harmful effects
for the baby.
Secondly, what about tea-
drinking? I drink a lot of tea and
I'm aware that the caffeine might
not be considered safe during
occasionally in moderate doses
(i.e., ten grains every four
hours). Aspirin has recently be-
come suspect due to reports of
teratogenicity (tendency to cause
malformations) in mice,
although in the absence of data to
the contrary it is considered to be
safe for pregnant humans to use
occasionally in moderate amoun-
ts. (In contrast, large amounts of
aspirin at the end of pregnancy
are harmful because they could
cause increased bleeding during
delivery and in the newborn peri-
od.) Many pregnant women do
suffer from muscle-contraction
headaches early in pregnancy,
and a mild analgesic like aceta-
minophen or aspirin is needed to
restore that legendary sense of
mw li ina - un-nl th
Again, probably no harm is done
by drinking moderate amounts of
these beverages during pregnan-
cy. Tea has approximately two-
thirds the caffeine of coffee, but
most herbal teas have no caffeine
at all. Many are drunk world-
wide for their salubrious, as well
as gustatory qualities; for exam-
ple, I would suggest to "Concern-
ed" that she drink vervaine (ver-
bena) tea (thought to prevent
miscarriage and to promote milk
production) and mint tea
(thought to cure headaches).
Whatever their medicinal merits,
herbal teas are quite tasty (try
"Red Zinger"), and substituting
them for regular teas will reduce
caffeine intake.
A final exhortation: Any
woman whn s. nr whn micrht h
smoking cause flashbacks?
ANSWER: We scoured the lit-
erature and research on mariju-
ana-and found nothing to suggest
that such a phenomenon as
"flashbacks" occurs with its use.
Flashbacks only seem to be asso-
ciated with the use of hallucino-
gens like LSD, although even
without drugs, many of us have
had the experience of a present
event triggering an unusually
vivid past occurrence. At any
rate, the only psychological ef
fects associated with memor
which are sometimes prevalen
in marijuana use are such thing
as:
- loss of immediate recall
- difficulty in thinking an
speech due to disorganization o