Carter uses White House to

The Michigan Daily-Thursday, February 16, 1978-Page 7
Tests prove chimps similar
to humans in learning skills

rekindle coal
(Continued from Page 1) minimiz
He said economists think the He sa
maximum impact from a statistical which w
standpoint would be a reduction of 0.25 could ri
percent in the nation's gross national But, hes
product during the first quarter of 1978. noticeab
THE COMPARISON, that would be NORD
may cut
there pr
IN COMPARISON, that would be even wit
small. In the first quarter of 1977, the There
gross national product, which developn
measures the value of all U.S. goods " The
and services produced, grew at an an- will lay
nual rate of 7.5 percent. workers
But Nordhdus said in an interview near Ba
that in regions where coal supplies are dwindlin
growing scarce, especially in the east- " At t
central region of the country, "Clearly trading
there are some cases of real hardship coal in
and lost output. We are tryng to resumer

e
id
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se
sai
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'H
tpt
rol
ho
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B
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lti
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dt
ne

strike negotiations
these as much as possible." 6d managed only a weak and partial
the nation's jobless rate, recovery after operators agreed to go
ss 63 percent in January, back into talks.
e slightly and temporarily. *.Near Pennington Gap, Va., state
id, "so far there has been no police said about 70 striking coal
effect on employment." miners were charged with unlawful
AUS SAID some automakers assembly and one with throwing a rock
roduction for lack of coal, but at a vehicle after rocks were thrown at
bably would be shutdowns- cars driven by people driving to work at
)ut a coal strike. non-UMW mines in Kentucky. But Lee
'ere also these strike-related County Sheriff Paul Harber disputed
ents: that, saying no rocks were thrown.
ethlehem Steel Corp. said it " The Alabama Power Co. filed with
off about 500 of the 18,000 state officials an emergency plan
at its Sparrows Point plant designed to conserve coal stocks'
it ts parowsPoit pantestimatedat5dys
imore next week because of ,t 51d.ys
more netsweek a * Montana's coal and power in-
coal supplies. dustries say they are in no position to
New York Stock Exchange, offer much help to the coal-short Mid-
ened on a weak note after west and East because most of their
"stry officials refused t output is already under contract.

By MITCH CANTOR
Psychological tests done on chimpan-
zees have proven that they go through
some of the same stages of perceptual-
psychological development as humans,
according to David Premack, a Univer-
sity of Pennsylvania professor.
Premack, considered a pioneer in
language experiments with chimpan-
zees, has been working with the
animals for over a decade. However,
his recent experiments involie the lear-
ning capacity of chimps which, he said,
"has nothing to do with language."
RECENT TESTS attempted to deter-
mine whether the chimps have the
ability to see differences in liquid
weight, liquid volume and number
despite shifts in the form of the sub-
stances involved. This skill is one which
humans-develop in childhood.
Premack conducted a number of ex-
periments with one particular chim-
panzee, Sarah, whose results were

similar to those of the other chimps.
Premack found that the animals did
well in the volume and mass testing.
"IN THE LIQUID volume and the
liquid mass experiments we have com-
plete success. She (Sarah) is not fooled
one bit by the transformation (of liquid
from one container to another),"
Premack said.
But the number experiments told a
different story, indicating several
failures.
"It's not that the chimps cannot
determine number, but they are very
poor at it," Premack said.
THE PSYCHOLOGIST is presently
conducting studies to follow up these
developmental results. "We are
presently testing whether these chimps
understant the compensatory relation-
ship between width and height in the
transformation process.''
Premack's other experiments in-

cluded having the chimps indicate
whether two letters presented before
them were identical. He said when the
two letters given were alike, the correct
response was given nearly 100 per cent
of the time, but in cases involving dif-
ferent letters, the animals answered
wrong over one-third of the times.
Premack explained this as being=
natural. "The primitive disposition is to
recognize similarity."
Premack emphasized the success of
the animals was not a matter of them'
learning the specific answers, noting.
there was no general improvement
over the duration of the experiments.,
Certain animal species possess eyes
with unusual features. Bees, are not
able to see red, although they can see
ultraviolet light, which is invisible to
humans. Fish and snakes do not blink.
A jellyfish does not see at all but is able
to sense the light.

goziations ac Lne venue nouse

Levin iRuppe out
of senatorial race

(Continued from Page1)
"It isn't enough to pass laws," Levin
said. "They've got to be implemented.
The Congress' main function is to be a
watchdog on the executive branch. This
has been sadly neglected."
Levin said he has no qualms about
taking on an incumbent like Griffin,
whom he describes as "not unpopular,
but not popular." In fact, the Detroit
Democrat said he hopes to make Grif-
fin's incumbency one of the main issues
in the upcoming campaign.
"I THINK that he (Griffin) himself
has said he's tired," Levin said. "His
record's proved it. It's lackluster."
Levin's decision to enter the Senate
race had been in the wind for several
months, Democratic sources report.
The final announcement was, Levin's
timely response to Griffin's decision to
run again, however.
Griffin said last April that he would
not seek re-election, after a one-vote
loss for the post of Senate minority whip
to Howard Baker of Tennessee. Griffin
also said he was disallusioned over old
friend Gerald Ford's loss to Jimmy
Carter in the 1976 Presidential election.
HOWEVER, GRIFFIN apparently
changed his mind after intense lob-
bying from State Republican leaders,
political observers report. Governor
William Milliken flew to Washington
recently, had lunch with Griffin and
asked the senator to sebk another six-
year term.,
On Monday, Griffin held a press con-
ference in Detroit and announced that
he was indeed a candidate for own seat.
Observers dubbed his change of mind
"the St. Valentine's Day Massacre" for
the number of political deaths it en-
tailed.
First came Lieutenant Governor
James Damman, who withdrew from
contention rather than take on the
favored incumbent.
THEN FELL RUPPE, who announ-
ced his own withdrawal only yesterday
in order to avoid leaving "an old frien-

dship and a party I have worked for in
shambles."
University of Michigan Regent Deane
Baker, also considering a run for Grif-
fin's seat on the Republican ticket, said
yesterday, "I have no comment" on
Griffin's decision to re-enter.
Only Oakland County Prosecutor L.
Brookes Patterson has openly vowed to
stay in the race and challenge Griffin
for the nomination. Battling what he
calls the Republican party 'bosses,"
Patterson has accused state party
leaders of hand-picking the ticket.
MOST DEMOCRATIC contenders
said they see Griffin's re-entry into the
race as a useful campaign issue,
showing the state Republican party as
tired.
Levin, the newcomer to the Senate
race, has already picked up on that
angle of attack. "They have the same
old faces, the same old campaign," he
said.
This charge is also being carried
across the state by Democrats hoping
to oust two-term Governor Milliken.
Democrats are holding the Governor to
his much publicized remark that he
found his job "a pain in the ass," and
are telling state's voters that two terms
are quite enough.

In teflex
student
falls to
death
(Continued from Page 1)
with a jacket and recently tracked-in
melted snow.
Despite the fact that the incident oc-
curred at about 3:30 in the afternoon,
there was apparently only one witness
whose name is being withheld by police.
A SIGN at the elevator in the tower
says that only authorized persons may
go upstairs, but a clerk selling tickets in
the University Musical Society said "a
student is just as authorized as anyone
else."
Davids said the incident would not
prompt any tighter security measures
in the tower. He said thistwas the first
occurrence of this type to take place
there, to his knowledge.
"It's a tragic thing," Davids said,
"but what purpose would any more
security serve? If a person's motivated
to take his own life, he's going to find a
way to do it. You can't lead adults
around by, the hand and watch them
every minute."
Dr. Robert Reed, Inteflex program
director, said he felt the rigors of the
program were not responsible for Peis-
ner's death.
"It's hard to say what the pressures
on him were, Reed said. "It's my own
belief that students in Inteflex are un-
der no more pressure than those in any
othet pre-med program."

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