letter from the editor I j4L!4 5w 4tan iE an:3 Eighty-three years of editorial freedom Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan Worm's eye world view from outstate 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mi. 48104 News Phone: 764-0552 WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1973 Fuel crisis pulls out the plug NIXON'S "Project Independence," the Administration's answer to the Arab oil embargo, is not likely to be the most popular program of the decade. It may, however, finally signal Ameri- can awareness that energy-like every- thing else-is exhaustible. While we grumbled during last win- ter's shortage of heating oil and griped through the ever-spiraling rise of the gasoline prices, we now face more ex- treme shortages, including a shortage on oil-based products ranging from nylon stockings to phonograph records. The energy issue has wider implica- tions than conserving fuel for the win- ter, or for the duration of the embargo. Until such time as we have resources for virtually unlimited solar or nuclear ener- gy, we must depend on the finite re- sources of the earth. Americans-who greedily devour five times their share of the world's energy from the first ring of their electric alarm clocks in the morning to the last strains of the "Star-Spangled Banner" on their color TVs at night - must learn to adopt energy conserving measures on a perma- nent basis. It will not be enough merely to lower our thermostats to 68 degrees come ev- ery November or drive a bit slower on the freeway. The crux of the problem lies in electric toothbrushes, haircurlers, knives, sauna facial mists, hot shaving cream dispensers, and. the whole vast raiige of energy consuming paraphanalia produced by the U. S. consumer economy. The greatest flaw of Nixon's proposal is precisely that it depends on the volun- tary support of the American people. Nixon's requests for lowering the tem- peratures of buildings has been ignored Editorial Staff CHRISTOPHER PARKS and EUGENE ROBINSON Co-Editors in Chief DIANE TEVICK...................... Arts Editor MARTIN PORTER ..................... Sunday Editor MARILYN RILEY..........Associate Managing Editor ZACHARY SCILLER ............. Editorial Director ERIC SCHOCH.I.. Editorial Director TONY SCHWARTZ .................... Sunday Editor CHARLES STEIN......................City Editor TED STEINE... ..............Executive Editor ROLFE TESsEM.......... ......... Managing Editor EDITORIAL PAGE EDITORS: Marnie Heyn, Chuck Wilbur, David Yaowitz STAFF WRITERS: Prakah Aswani, Gordon Atcheson, Dan Biddle, Penny Blank. Dan Blugerman, Howard Brick, Dave Burhenn, Bonnie Carnes, Charles Cole- man, Mike Duweck, Ted Evanoff, Deborah Good, William Heenan, Cindy Hill, Jack Krost, Jean Love- Josephine Marcoty, Cheryl Pilate, Judy Ruskin, Ann Rauma, Bob Seidenstein, Stephen Selbst, Jeff Sorensen, Sue aitephenson, David Stoll, Rebecca Warner DAILY WEATHER BUREAU: William Marino and Dennis Dismacnek (forecasters) Photographv Staff DAVID MARGOLIC Chief Photographer KEN FINK ........................Staff Photographer THOMAS GOTTLIEB ..............Staff Photographer STEVE KAGAN.................Staff Photographer KAREN KASMAUSKI...........Staff Photographer TERRY MCcARTHY.............Staff Photographer JOHN UPTON.................Staff Photographer NIGHT EDITORS: Jeff Chown, Brian Deming, Jim Ecker, Marc Feldman, G e o r g e Hastings, Marcia Merker, Roger Rossiter Theresa Swed STAFF: Barry Argenbright, Bil Crane, Richard Fla- herty, Cary Fotias, Andy Glazer, Leba Hertz, John Kahler Mike Lisull, Jeffrey Milgrom, Tom Pyden, Leslie Riester, Jeff Schiller, Bill Stieg, Fred Upton even in Washington government edifices, and New Jersey drivers who adhere to the newly imposed 50 mn.p.h. speed limit have been honked at, tailgated and generally harassed into raising their speeds. Unfortunately, the proposals Congress has so far considered "extreme" are pro- bably the only effective and immediate way of curtailing energy usage. Gas rationing is not an easy measure to adopt, but it is certainly more equitable than the five to 40 cent per gallon gaso- line tax Congress is presently proposing. The proposed tax will only further bur- den the middle and lower classes, who will be seeing enough hardships this win- ter, and insure that the rich get more than their share of gasoline. Moreover, the already astronomical price of gasoline will be seeing increases anyway since foreign supplies are kick- ing up their prices a healthy 20 to 57 per cent in view of the embargo. The initial effect of the energy crisis was to throttle independent gas stations, who were cut off from their supplies by major companies in favor of company- owned stations. Whatever else the admin- istration does, it should not allow the oil shortage, with its unfortunate effects, to be turned to the advantage of the big oil companies in the form of higher profits. Some persons have advocated, for in- stance, that price limitations on heating oil be removed to spur higher domestic production. Instead of following this course, which allows major oil companies to capitalize on the shortage, it would be more equitable to enforce mandatory production of the greatest amount of heating oil possible. The most "extreme" measure Congress will consider is not gasoline rationing, but giving the President the power to "re- lax environmental regulations" on a case by case basis. Nixon's proposals were only estimated to conserve 2.35 million barrels of oil a day. Estimates in the past several days of how great the shortage will be have more than doubled, placing the oil short- age as high as six million barrels a day. Thus, it now seems fairly clear that the current fuel crisis will lead to the whole- sale slaughter of environmental regula- tions covering such areas as the burn- ing of "dirty" fuel. It has already brought the overwhelming approval of the Alaska pipeline in the House, and proposed-re- strictions on strip mining of coal will al- most undoubtedly now be axed. It is ironic that the same short-sighted planning that played a large part in cre- ating the fuel shortage will now ravage the environment to protect this nation's destructively high level of energy con- sumption. TODAY'S STAFF: News: Charlie Coleman, Chris Parks, Ted Stein, Becky Warner Editorial Page: Terry Gallagher, Z a c h Schiller, Chuck Wilbur Arts Page: Jeff Sorensen Photo Technician: Terry McCarthy By CHRISTOPHER PARKS ABOUT 20 MILES out of town you exit left off U.S. 23, loop around, land on 1-96 Westbound, squeeze the accelerator, and shoot out into the Heartland, turning your back on Ann Arbor. Suddenly, you're in a different world: Far away from the University, the Motor City and it's sprawling suburbs. As far as the horizon on either side stretches end- less undulating farm land. People out there are pretty set in their ways of thinking. For the most part, they are born, live, and die in small towns. Many of them have never spent more than a few days of their lives anyplace else. Even those who have seemed to have for- gotten about it - almost deliberately. Anyway, they aren't much interested in the world outside their own communities. If they think at all about places like Ann Arbor and Detroit it is with a profound sense of threat - a threat to their rigid morals and conservative outlook. EVEN THOUGH THEY probably con- stitute less than half the population of the state, these people have immense power in the state government. For the most part, they elect conserva- tive, small-minded provincial men to repre- sent them in Lansing. These men are in- vested with great seniority (and hence power (because they keep getting elected again and again. These powerful men spend a consider- able portion of their time and effort im- posing their worm's eye world view on a portion of the state they neither sympa- thize with nor understand. Ghile: SO (Editor's Note: The following ar- We haye tice, written by a refugee from Chile, Vietnam is reprinted from the Daily World. Those interested in working for the invaluabl Chile Support Coalition may call we ask 764-8696.) active, By FERNANDA NAVARRO darity is I app . WANT YOU TO know how sup- pose fas porting it is to me, arriving fying is from a country in which prison, ences, t torture, blood and anguish rule, ences ir to find an atmosphere of solidarity interests - to be among people who have who, ba their minds and hearts open to the titudes, vast human cry. To find that you the Chil and you and you and the peoples must ta of Latin America - all of us to- not wor gether - constitute the fraternal common sub-soil of pure America. and a1 You and I must organize our ments, 1 rage, our indignation, our pain, our solidarit anger, in an articulate way and would channel it effectively. We mustn't game. fall prey to impotence and dismay. ialismt These are feelings we all have ex- neutralih perienced. But they are bad com- pany, and a result of the cultural AS M heritage in our capitalist society, delegati where individualism is endemic. If lawyers we learned to use the word "we" turned f more than the word "I"; if we Chile. F would reject the egoistic "I" for Chile th the more humble collective "we," led to t then we would accumulate the "We se strength which could not easily be the wor defeated. seen in We will find brotherhood in the gravea common cause, in the common .B struggle which knows no borders, Let r no frontiers, no geography. Chile it tory of IT IS TO YOU THAT I appeal to has acq strengthen solidarity. We know ness an and continue to learn of new mani- combine festations of solidarity with our cratic t struggle from all parts of the from th world. But we are aware of the 1904 wi special role you in North America workers must play in our common struggle. forerun Progress them and posts of a BUT IN LANSING they still reign. And they are determined to use this last strong- hold to propagate and justify an increas- ingly obsolete way of life. The growing battle in the Legislature over a bill to permit physicians to offer con- traceptive services for minors epitomizes the struggle between those who would see the state come to terms with the prob- lems of the 1970s and those who seek to use its authority to buttress their con- tention that these problems don't exist. More accurately, they say these problems are the creation of a small degenerate minority who should be slapped down, not coddled. At the forefront of this battle for the past is State Senator Gary Byker - a bedrock Republican from the small west- state community of Hudsonville. BYKER'S POSITION is fairly simple (and fairly simple minded): To loosen re- strictions on birth control information is tacit admission by the state that the rigid prescription against pre-marital sex is not relevant to a growing segment of the pop- ulation. In a recent interview, Byker told Jim Neubacher of the Detroit Free Press he be- lieves "that it is wrong for the government to enact laws which make it easier for people to avoid the consequences of their sinful activities." Apparently, Byker sees the state govern- ment as a sort of surrogate for his aveng- has swept past them, leaving their people like stranded out- steadily retreating army. ing God, tossing thunder-bolts at the hap- less violators of his 19th :enturv moral code. And back in Hudsonville, and hun- dreds of other places just like it, they're eating it up. IT IS INCREDIBLE enough' that Byker seriously believes is using the power of the state to punish those who offend Hud- sonville's sensibilities. That he is so blind that he conceives of babies as a means of punshment is almost beyond comprehen- sion. What you have to understand is that when Byker is thinking about these sinners and their children he is not thinking about peo- ple in the same sense that the folks in Hudsonville are people. For many out-staters it is an abiding be- lief, heavily laced with racism, that the people who live in the state's urban areas are a venal and inferior breed. "I imagine," Byker told Neubacher, "that in the areas where they're having the biological anarchy - like Detroit, they wouldn't pay any attention to it (birth control information) at all. These are areas of the state where restraint is no longer used as a way of life." OUT IN HUDSONVILLE (and Holland, and Big Rapids, Cedar Springs, G r a n d Haven, Howell, Alpena, Manistee, Lake Odessa, Grayling . . .) where restraint pre- sumably still is a way of life, they don't want women to even know about things like birth control, of course, they are properly married in the Eyes of God. What they don't know can't hurt them, and knowledge is somehow evil as progress most asuredly it. If you don't tell them about sex, they won't think about it and even if they do you can always use babies as a threat to keep them in Jne. It is sad that these people cling to these quaint notions and impose them on their children. Adolescence is incredibly compli- cated and painful enough without the added mental torture inflicted by these rigid at- titudes and judgments. THE REAL tragedy, however, is that these people and their representatives find themselves in a position to impose their moral code by force on a portion .of the society for which is has no relevance. The sad results of the restriction of birth control information are painfully evident. In the last few years, this part pf the state has witnessed an alarming rise in the rate of "illegitimate" births. For the educated and sophisticated few in places like Ann Arbor, the sexual revolu- tion has brought with it a common under- standing of the technology of prevention. But for the younger and less knowledgable - mostly high school age and working class- this vital knowledge has been kept hidden with tragic results. For them, Sen. Byker urges restraint and adherence to his personal morality. AND TONIGHT as yet another unwanted child is being brought into the world in some inner city hospital, the Gary Bykers of this state will be sleeping comfortable between clean white sheets, secure in the knowledge that His will is being done. lidarity grows after the coup e seen what it meant for , where you constituted an ble support movement. And the same for Chile. Your continuous, sustained soli- vital to us. eal to all of you who op- cism to make Chile a uni- sue, free of partisan differ- o overcome internal differ- n the United States in the of unity in action. Those sed on their own critical at- would sit in judgment of lean revolutionary process ke care that that judgment k in the interests of our enemy. There is a time place for analytical judg- but definitely not in public y assemblies. Those who do so play the enemy's Nothing better aids imper- than an opposition which zes itself. ANY OF YOU may know a on of internationally famed from Europe has just re- from a fact-finding visit to Fascism is so barbaric in hat one of the jurists was ell The New. York Times: nd 30 or 40 missions around d yearly and we have not recent years a situation so as that in Chile, not even r Greece." ne say a few words about self. Chile has a long his- organized struggle and uired a political conscious- nd political maturity that, ed with Chile's long demo- traditions, distinguishes it e rest of Latin America. In ith Recabarren, the first ' party was founded, the ner of the Communist Party formed in 1920. Chile's working peo- ple had acquired a discipline and a consciousness that can come only from long committed strug- gle, freely undertaken. Since 1970, with the election vic- tory of Popular Unitey, Chile stood out above the landscape like the Andes, embodying the promise and the hope, gathering in the voice of our oppressed that cry este grito- destined to grow and grow and fin- ally burst forth. With such a heri- tage, with such deep consciousness forged in years of struggle, nothing and no one, however brutal, can smash the Chilean working people and their organizations. As Neruda has said, "This is a deep wound, but not a defeat." LET ME STRESS one thing, and make it perfectly clear, as some North Americans are fond of say- ing. Even with fascist barbarism, even with the carnage and torture, never before have our people been so unified. The parties and or- ganizations of the Popular Unity continue to work - adopting new tactics and strategies to meet new conditions - with the firm deter- mination to struggle together. The Popular Unity has more unity than ever before! How could it be otherwise? It would be suicidal. It is only to the interests of the junta to spread versions of division and elimina- tion of Popular Unity so that the people outside of Chile who are willing to give support become con- fused and feel impotent. Do not in any way accept those who, posing as "informed sources," would have you believe such nonsense. Popular Unity is alive and will prove vic- torious! From the hundreds of thousands of Communist and Socialist mili- AP Photo tants to those of the MIR and the two non-Marxist parties that form- ed the Popular Unity, all are work- ing together, organizing resistance and fighting. Even the junta has publicly acknowledged that Chile is not under control, that guerril- las have been formed, that a state state of war. AS PRESIDENT SALVADOR Al- lende said on September 11, mo- ments before the fascists assassi- nated him: "This is how 'we write the first page of this history. My people and America will write the of siege has begun to move to a rest." American school trains police terrorists By MIKE KLARE and NANCY STEIN A YEAR AGO, "State of Siege," the most recent film of noted movie director Costa-Gavras, leveled a series of startling charges at the American government. At one point in the film, a Uruguayan police officer was shown receiving training in the manufacture and use of explosive devices at a secret police bomb school in the southwestern United States. Later, the same officer was linked to a right- wing Uruguayan "Death Squad" implicat- ed in the murders (some performed with explosives) of prominent Uruguayan radi- cals. For most American viewers and movie critics, these scenes appeared as mere. cinemagraphic flourishes in a controver- sial film. Now State Department doctments unearthed by Senator James Abourezk (D-S.D.) show beyond doubt that the film was unerringly accurate in its picture of U.S. "counterinsurgency" programs in Lat- in America. The documents reveal that the U.S. gov- ernment is, in fact, training foreign police- men in bomb-making at a :emote desert camp in Texas. In response to Senator Abourezk's inquiries, the Agency for In- ternational Deveolpment (AID) ha: now acknowledged that its Office of P u b l i c Safey (OPS) is providing su-h instruc- tion. At the U.S. Border Patrol Academy in Los Fresnos, Texas, foreign noticemen are the Technical Investigations Courst first at- tend a four-week preliminary session at the International Police Academy (IPA) in Washington, D.C. There they are treated to lectures on such subjects as: Basic Elec- tricity ("Problems involving electricity as applied to explosives"), Introduction to Bombs and Explosives, Incendiaries ("A lecture/demonstration of incendiary de- vices"), and Assassination Weapons. After completion of the preliminary course, the "trainees" are flown to the Los Fresnos camp for four weeks "field ses- sions." All lectures at Los Fresnos are delivered at an outdoor "laboratory" pre- sided over by CIA instructors. The action lectures deal with such topics as: Charac- teristics of Explosives, Electric Priming, Electric Firing Devices, Explosive Charg- es, Homemade Devices, Fabrication and Functioning Devices, and Incendiaries. Ac- cording to AID, these sessions include "practical exercises" with "different types of explosive devices and 'booby-traps.''' In a memorandum to Sen. Abourezk, AID official Matthew Harvey argued that the Technical Investigations Course was set up to help foreign policement develop "countermeasures" against terrorist at- tacks on banks, corporations, and embas- sies. In order to develop countermeasures, he claimed, the trainee must first study "home laboratory techniques" used "in the man- ufacture of explosives and incendiaries." Only then, according to the AID argument, -11a ha ha "intal .--anti noin is no stopping him from using them ef- fensively against criminal enterprises or, as in State of Siege, against opponents of a ruling oligarchy. Such a possibility becomes more r e a 1 when one examines a list of countries re- presented at the Texas bomb school. Al- most every country in Latin America, such conservative Middle Eastern states as Jor- dan and Saudi Arabia, and a number of Asian nations are on the list. These Third World policemen (particular- ly in Latin America) are themselves en- gaged in terrorist activities. Some of them are utilizing their U.S.-supplied training, in vigilante assassination teams like La Mano Blanca (White Hand) and Ojo por Ojo (Eye for an Eye) in Guatemala, La Banda (The Band) in the Dominician Re- public, and the "Death Squads" of Brazil and Uruguay. It is generally acknowledged that these secretive death squads are made up of "off duty policemen and representatives of the civil and military inteligence services. ("The members of the death squad are policemen," a top Brazilian judge affirm- ed in 1970, "and everyone knows it.") These groups engage in kidnapping, torture, as- sassination and bombings. Their victims range from petty criminals to students, academicians, and political activists. Week after week, Latin American papers announce the discovery of yet another body. Some estimates of the number of opposi- tion figures executed by the death squads i R1P..g.-a .lc.,-,. - 1 tV1 T1zMinnentl up of powerful and ruthless police forces throughout the continent. U.S. involvement in the organization, training and equipping of Uruguay's death squad, for instance, has been abundantly described in the testimony of Nelson Bar- desio. A police photographer and d e a t h squad member, Bardesio was kidnapped and interrogated by Tupamaro guerrillas in 1972. In his testimony (recorded in the presence of the President of Uruguay's Chamber of Deputies), Bardesio affirmed that the Department of Information and Intelligence (DII, a government agency which provided an official ";over" for the death squad) was set up with' the advice and financial assistance of USAID Public Safety Adviser William Cantrell. Bardesio also testified that Cantrell (who he sometimes served as a chauffeur) made trips between the DII, Montevideo police headquarters and the U.S. Embassy to insure the steady transfer of intelligence data and coordination of all extra-legal activities. The ties between U.S. government agen- cies and local police terrorism have long been common knowledge in Latin America. Now, due to the prying of Senator Abourezk, it is likely to become an issue in the U.S. as well. Already these have been attempts in Congress to dry up the funds for AID's Public Safety Program. As noted by Senator Abourezk, "Maybe the American people don't have to know about troop movements or the location of - -es - 11V "