Frida is t dyian Bti Eighty-four years of editorial freedom Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan Vote yea, nay or nyet in '76 y, September 27, 1974 News Phone: 764-0552 420 Maynard St., Ann Arbor, Mi. 48104 Al Kaline: A different hero By WAYNE JOHNSON CAPTURED SOVIET superspy I v an Powerska admitted to San Clemente police early this morning that the en- tire Watergate affair was a fabrication engineered by about 1,000 agents. "We had to do something," Powerska said on a tape of his interrogation ie- leased by police. "America was too strong under Nixon." Former President Nixon's phlebitis im- proved greatly when he heard about Powerska, according to his physician. "He's started throwing bedpans at nurses and just generally acting friskier," said Dr. Ricardo. U.S. leaders expressed great concern about the confession. President F o r d commented, "I believe, gentlemen, that I am innocent until proven guilty." Hu- bert Humphrey said, "You guys can't prove a thing." Senator Edward Kennedy maintained his position that it was all a big mistake. Senator George McGov- ern was unavailable for comment. POWERSKA is in protective custody at the Presidential Compound due to the inadequacy of psychiatric facilities in the San Clemente jail. "He's pretty de- pressed," said police Chief Roger Mar- tin. "He'll need some time to lick his wounds, mentally speaking, before he can talk to the press." Powerska will be available to federal investigators in several weeks. A reliable source reported Soviet am- bassador Andrei Gromyko called Ford on the fancy hot line of sixties fame to ask for the extradition of Powerska. Gromyko promised that Powerska would be dealt with very severely. Ford said he knew the Russians "don't fool around" and promised to think about it. Powerska was captured yesterday in a routine sweep of undesirable-appearing persons. Unable to conceal his foreign citizenship from alert police officers, he was promised that things would go a lot easier if he told the whole story. Power- ska immediately admitted his complic- ity in the sordid Watergate mess. "HE HAD MORE answers than we had questions," chuckled Martin at the press conference. Indeed, the tape show- ed Powerska shouting several times,, "I'll say anything!" Martin said he still believes Powerska knows more than he's telling. "Now we know about the Watergate break in and the fake cover-up, but what about the wheat deal and the Agnew thing?" Martin said. "I still smell a Commie rat." The interrogation tape is 45 minutes long and contains no blank gaps. Three commercials in the tape for the San Clemente Paternal Order of Police Of- ficers were "just some of the boys fool- ing around," according to Chief Martin. The following are excerpts of Power- ska's confession from the tape: "A NATIONAL scandal was our only chance. We Ruskies know how fickle you dumb Americans are. First you elected Johnson by a huge margin and then you threw him away. Popular or not, we knew we could destroy Nixon, if our charges were outrageous enough. Ouch! I burned myself with my cigarette! "The liberals were a big help, as always. They hate anything that's good for America, just like us. So, of course, we used them to manipulate public opin- ion. Nobody listens to a Red, but near- ly anyone will believe a college profes- sor. Whoops! I accidentally fell out of my chair and down the stairs but I'm okay. "During the 1968 and 1972 election campaigns we noticed a severe lack of opposition newspapers. It seemed like every true American publisher wanted Nixon. Aaaaaaeeeiii! I'm whipping my- self with a rubber hose because I'm ashamed. We tried to infiltrate the edi- torial staff of every paper we could. "The Detroit News and the Chicago Tribune were the hardest. If discovered, we had an airtight study. We were just trying to destabilize the U.S. govern- ment, which we are always doing and it isn't even a crime." "Help me! I'm puling out my nails! I'll say anything! I'll say anything!" The search for the other 999 Soviet agents continues. Anyone who notices an undesirable alien who seems too pro- Ford or anti-Nixon, please contact the San Clemente Police Department. Re- member the term "Red" is only an expression. He or she could be any color. THIS IS THE AGE of eccentricity. The heroes we worship adorn themselves with garish outfits and glib press flacks. It is not enough to be good. One must be different, excit- ing, "great television." Millions watched recently as one of our "heroes," dressed in an outra- geous outfit, clambered into a star- spangled "sky-cycle" and blasted off into technicolor fame and glory- sort of. It was the lind of decadence net- work executives could fall head over Gucci heels for, and we - that never- underestimated mass of stupidity, the American people - ate it up. On Tuesday night, another man, a quiet man, in a crumbling stadium in a decaying city, hit a baseball. BECAUSE OF THAT HIT, this mod- est ball player will go down in sports history -- without benefit of pantyhose endorsements, million dol- lar movie contracts, or Howard Co- sell. This right fielder has warmed the hearts and the pennant hopes of ev- ery Detroit Tiger fan since he broke into the major leagues 21 years ago. Even now, his best years over, legs taped and hurting, weary from the endless grind of big-league travel- ing, his name is cheered in Tiger Sta- dium above all other names. To the thousands of youngsters who have put their paper route mon- ey into a Saturday afternoon in the Stadium bleachers, this man has symbolized baseball. When he retires in a few days, our national pastime will be somehow different - and the less for his de- parture. You have given us the best years of your life, Number Six. Thanks, Al. -DAVID BURHENN Big growers keep food prices up Caley: Legalized genocide ON THE HEELS OF the Nixon par- don another miscarriage of jus- tice has been committed. Damaging pre-trial publicity and the unwillingness of the House com- Editorial Staff DANIEL BIDDLE Editor-in-Chief JUDY RUS1CIN and REBECCA WARNER Managing Editors KENNETH FINK .................... Arts Editor MARNIE HEYN .. .. Editorial Director SUE STEPHENSON...............Feature Editor CINDY HILL...............Executive Director STAFF WRITERS: Prakash Aswani, Gordon At- cheson, Laura Berman, Barb Cornell, Jeff Day, Della DiPietro, William Heenan, Steve Hersh, Jack Krost, Andrea Lilly, Mary Long, Jeff Lux- enberg, Josephine Maircotty, Beth Nissen, Cheryl Pilate, Mara Rimer, Stephen eelbst, Jeff Soren- son, Paul Terwilliger. Photography Staff KAREN KASMAUSKI Chief Photographer KEN P M4 Picture Editor STUART HOLLANDER.......Staff STEVE KAGAN ..............Staffl PAULINE LUBENS ..........Staff7 mittee which investigated the My Lai case are the reasons Federal Judge J. Robert Elliot cited in throwing out the conviction of Lt. William Calley in the My Lai murder case. The battle between journalistic freedom and the right to a fair trial has been continuing in the United States for years. If it hadn't been for some of that pretrial publicity, the incident would never have been un- covered. Judge Elliot based his second con- tention on the Supreme Court ruling on the Watergate tapes. Ex-President Nixon refused to hand over the tapes in question until several subpoenas had been issued and his lawyer had pleaded his case before the Supreme Court. LIEUTENANT CALLEY, after all this "adverse" pre-trial publicity and in complete knowledge of his legal rights admitted, under oath that he had ordered the killing of at least 22 innocent men, women, and children. Calley contended that he was only following orders. Based on the judg- ment made at the Nuremberg Trials of Nazi war criminals, Calley is guilty of genocide. The Watergate tapes case here is irrelevant. To let a convicted mass murdered go free is as great, if not greater, a miscarriage of justice than the pardoning of Nixon before he even stood trial. --STEVE ROSS TODAY'S STAFF: News: Gordon Atcheson, Dan Biddle, Jo Marcotty, Rob Meachum, Judy Ruskin, Jeff Sorensen Editorial Page: Tony Duenas, Marnie Heyn, Debra Hurwitz, Becky Warn- er Arts Page: David Blomquist Photo Technician: Ken Fink By ALLAN MILLER AS RECORD supermarket prices and global food shortages bear down on Amer- ican consumers, growers in Cal- ifornia - the nation's largest agricultural producer - con- tinue to destroy thousands of tons of food in order to keep prices high. The justification for the de- struction of large amounts of food lies, ironically, in the amaz- ing productivity of California agriculture. Because they produce more than can be sold at premium prices, farmers were given firm control over their "surplus" pro- duction by the California Mar- keting Act of 1937. This legis- lation has made the state's dairy, poultry, egg, fruit, nut and vegetable producers legal monopolies that control food supplies so that high prices can be maintained. Under the law, 35 different "market order advisory boards" - industry organizations con- trolling. the production, sale, research on and promotion of 'oommodities from alfalfa to wine grapes - often single- handedly determine how much of a particular product w i I1 reach the consumer and, thus, how much the consumer must pay. FOR EXAMPLE, during 1970- 71, cling peach growers were ordered by their market order advisory board to destroy 21,000 acres of peach orchards and 200,000 tons of peaches in order to bring production down to a level that could command the highest market price. Today, with lettuce prices at an all time high, growers in California's lettuce belt in the Salinas Valley - to guard against over-production - con- tinue to plow under tens of thousands of mature lettuce heads. Under California law, a sub- stantial majority of the produc- ers or handlers of any parti- cular commodity can establish a marketing order advisory board which - once approved by the state's Department of Food and Agriculture - can regulate food production with the force of state law. Membership on each marketing board is limited to persons who have an economic interest in the commodity. THE CLEAR purpose )f comn- The cling peach industry is a prime example of this pro- gram. The board limits the supply of cling peacaes by di- recting growers to remove a certain percentage of their bear- ing trees (tree pulling); strip immature fruit from a stated number of trees (green drop); and consign up to seven per- cent of the harvested crop to the compost pile if seaso sup- ply seems to be overreaching demand (cannery diverion). DURING 1970, 9,500 acres of peach trees were nulled ard 'The clear purpose of commodity marketing orders is to raise and stabilize the income of a given sector of agriculture by encouraging monopolistic business practice and by enforcing such practices with the power of the state. To violate a marketing board order in Cali- fornia is to violate state law. Marketing and bargaining coops co- operate with the boards in maintaining tight controls on supply.' .v v: :,L " . vr":^+ r: w..:v S :. :: w .": y Er-"":::.: . Y ing all fruit below a cetrtain size and grade; 4,000 lemon growers, 9000 walnut growers, and 6800 almond growers act- ing through their respective ad- visory boards or co-ops make similar decisions to de ;Lroy or divert a certain perce Ztage of their crop to increase their prices. REGULATIONS governing ag- ricultural marketing orders in California put them in a nearly unique category when coatrast- ed with other large indusrrie,. Most of the marketing orders modity orders is to raise and stabilize the income of a guen sector of agriculture by encour- aging monopolistic business practice and by enforcing such practices with the power of the state. To violate a marketing board in California ,is to violate sate law. Marketing and bargaining coops cooperate with the beards in maintaining tight controls on supply. Essentially, the marketing board works by assessing t h e total national demand for a par- ticular product. If, for exam- ple, total demands for nea,.hes is determined to be 800,000 tons when the harvest is estimated at one million tons, the market- ing order can call for desr,)y- ing 20 per cent of the ntal crop to ensure that oversupply does not push the retail prices down. 112,000 tons of peachs were either green dropped or divert- ed. In December of 1970, tte market order directed growers to green drop 26 per cent of their orchards or remove 13 per cent of their bearing trees. Another 13 per cent reduction was ordered in the spring of 1971 and in June of that year an additional green drop of sev- en per cent was imposed. Thus, in the California cling peach industry, the advisory board representing 2,200 grow- ers decided to act as one to de- stroy a large percentage rf their crop lest too many peacaes flood the market and drive the prices down. The same patterns hold in many other agriculture sec-ors: 1,300 Bartlett pear growers, act- ing under the pear market or- der, control supply by eliminat- are exempted from all state and federal anti-trust and unfair trade practice laws. When the market order jegis- lation was first passed agri- culture in California was essen- tially in the hands of many small farmers who could not survive without some controls over fluctuating commoJity prices. Today however large corpor- ate farms are the principal beneficiaries of these s inction- ed monopoly practices. - As late as 1950 there w e r e 144,000 farms in California with an average size of 260 acres. These small farmers were the primary beneficiaries of mar- keting legislation. By 1971, the number of farms had declined to 56,000, averaging 654 acres, and current estimates are that the huge agricultural enterpris- es will force out 20,000 More farmers during the 1970's. ACCORDING to the Univer- sity of California Agric'iltural Extension Service, 45 1 a r g e corporations controlled 3.7 mil- lion acres of California farm land in 1970, including much of the state's prime irrigated acre- age. Because of these changes in land ownership, the legitimay of providing special protections to the giants of the agriculture industry is now coming under question. The FederalT r a d e Commission (FTC), traditional watchdog of anti-trust and fair trade violations, filed a com- plaint August 13 against the state's marketing order pxo- gram. According to a s t a t e Department of Food and Agri- culture attorney, the dmart- ment will contest the FTC ac- tion on the grounds that the con- rol of marketing orders is a state function not subject to federal supervision. But cost-conscious ,oisuners - and starving people around the world - must won-ler at the wisdom of California's state government and its agricuture industry's tradition of destroy- ing w significant portion of its fruit, nut and vegetable crops. So long as the market order program continues to operate as an arm of the state gov- ernment - protecting primar- ily the large growers and pro- cessors - prices will continue to stay high and much needed food will continue to be thrown on the garbage pile. Allan Miller, special projects editor of PNS, is currently working on a series investigat- ing California's agro-business. Copyright Pacific News Service, 1974. Photographer Photographer Photographer Sports Staff MARC FELDMAN Sports Editor GEORGE HASTINGS Executive Sports Editor ROGER ROSSITER .... Managing Sports Editor JOHN KAHLER ........ Associate Sports Editor Business Staff MARC SANCRAINTE Business Manager AMY KANENGISER.......Advertsing Manager LINDA ROSS ............... Operations Manager SUE DeSMET................ Finance Manager DEBBY NOVESS ................ Sales Manager DEPT. MGRS.: Laurie Gross, Ellen oJnes, Lisa Kanengiser. ASSOC. MGRS.: Rob Cerra, Karen Copeland, Niles Fleischer, Kathy Keller. ASST. MGRS.: Janice Glinisty, Liz Kurnetz, Ro- sanne Lapinski, Beth Phillips, Nancy Ross and Dave Schwartz. SALESPEOPLE: Mike Binger, Susan Goldstick, Emily Him, Bill Koopman, Steve LeMire, Andy Yakushav. Letters to The F-MoPS -r1EATE .. a * K i} ( } _ Y )t 7 x, ; 8, .' unionization To The Daily: .I AM a secretary at the Law School and I think that perhaps the original purpose of the or- ganizing drive has been misin- terpreted by many of the cleri- cal employes on campus. Over a year ago the issue of unionization was not the main goal. Groups of secrearies in several areas on campus began to talk to each other about in- consistencies in policies which affected them and went to their respective administrative boards to raise their questions. They were told quite blatantly that the administration was sonty that they felt they weren t re- ceiving equitable treatment but they were not willing to alter the situation. The personnel office became involved and presented a token report which did not refute but supported the issues which were raised by the clerical emotoyes. They answered no questions Pnd offered no solutions and stated that ". . . if the secretaries wished them to answer a n y further questions they'd be more than willing to cooperate but had no desire to :neet with them on a regular basis to work those problems out." THE BUDGET Priorities Com- mittee was approached oo the issue of salary inconsistencies. The informal reply was hat student wives sho:ild feel fortunate to have a place to es. The answer was "the state constitution protects the Uni- versity of Michigan from such an attempt." Off the record the clericals were told that the only alternative available would be to organize into a collective bargaining unit which wculd give them a legal right to have a voice in the policies that af- fect them. Perhaps if the individual cler- ical employes on campas 1e- call how many times they have tried to iron out difficuhiies with the University on a one-to- one basis and have hit a brick wall they can see more clearly what the issue is all about. THIS CAMPAIG'N was start- ed originally for the purpose of uniting ourselves into a posi- tion where we also are consid- ered to be a productive part of the university community. That purpose has not changed. We should have the right to a voice in decisions which affect us. The students are :onsidered to be important enough to sit in on policy decisions, #te fa- culty has their input, an] so do the professional and admin- istrative employees. We only ask for equitable considera'ion and if we feel we are an inte- gral part of the University - we will combine our effo:ts to achieve that goal. -Judy Sisung C-5 Secretary Law School September 26 change To The Daily: CONTRARY to the prophet of despair, democratic social change continues to be possible in American life. But in order for this to happen, we need an action agenda which is b o t h potentially persuasive to a ma- jority of Americans and achiev- able within the context of the American economical system. In recent years, lacking of both persuasiveness and achiev- ability, we (the community and prisoners) have paid a n i g h price, a great deal of wasted human resources and, more im- portantly, continuing injustice which is perpetrated against the community in general and pri- soners in particular in Amer- ica. With the combined efforts of both the community and pri- soners, development of an ef- fective action agenda c-an no longer be delayed. The focus of concern should be economic issues, not only because justice in America is dependent upon dramatic economic change, but because such issues provide a rallying point for a majority coalition of society. OUR SOCIAL problems aie national in scope, therefore, na- tional solutions are necessary, but much of the impetus f o r changes will be the result of re- invigorated local and regional sectors. We need to demonstrate that massive local problems cannot be solved until the com- 'DaIiy A new set of priorities is ae- cessary to provide a focus for enlarged and redirected public spending. Therefore, we need to agree on and argue for thoughtful and articulate policy positions which demonstrate specific possibilities for com- munity development, which will address the community's needs in such areas as adequate in- come, housing, health care, edu- cation, transportation, and the quality of the environment. WE ARE becoming inc.as- ingly aware that the ecornmy within the community cunnot do everything (in regards to solv- ing our social problems). There- fore, the slave labor that exists within prisons (where g r e a t economics potential lies) must be unmasked, confronted, and overcome if social change is to occur in the community. A ma- jor reason why the industrial sector of the economy has limi- tations is found in its operating presupposition, corporate parfit. The industrial sector s based on profit, and it is not always profitable to provide adequate academic and vocational facili- ties for prisoners, or cure the sick, or help to alleviate wel- fare, or rebuild communities, or preserve the environment. On the other hand, the local sertcr of the economy, at its hest, pro- vides the possibility for decis- ions based on far broader cri- teria, the great ideals of human dignity and equality of opnor- munity: Blacks, Chicanos, Poor Whites, Indians, Church co igre- gations, young people, Aad -mid- dle-class suburbanites w n o s e conscience and good sense dic- tate a different community. Without a major coalition along the lines suggested abowe, sig- nificant changes will -not oc- cur. Any one of the above groups can agitate for change, can raise public consciousness, but for change to come, a coali- tion of all the segments listed above is essential. A cadre rif movement groups and voluntary associations must take the lead along with prisoners in building that major coalition. The community should be made aware that the economy is subject to governmen*al de- cisions and can be made re- sponsive to the public's will. When one combines this reality with a growing awareness on the part of the American work- er of the vast maldistribution of wealth in this country, the im- plications are monentous. In- come can be redistributed. Adc- quate health care needs will not only be the prerogative of the rich. The welfare rolls will be drastically reduced. IT SHOULD become incre as- ingly obvious to the poor in so- ciety that economic re-lities unite them much more funda- mentally than ideology, religion, or racial differences separate them. If this growing realiza- tion can be transformed into p-nnmin ain +the tntial !c