UNIVERSITY CENTER See Editorial Page F 4it g t :43 il AGREEABLE High-78 Low-ri See Today for details Vol. LXXXV, No. 11 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Tuesday, September 17, 1974 Ten Cents Eight Pages l YOUJf EErW An0.k L Pentagon blamed The Public Interest Research Group in Michi- gan (PIRGIM) has issued another controversial report -- this one concluding that "over 14,000 peo- ple unemployed in Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Livonia and Monroe County owe their joblessness to high spending on the military." The group contends that for every billion dollars the Pentagon spends in the state, 3,250 people in Michigan go without work. "Whether the money is spent by individuals, by businesses, or by state and local governments," says PIRGIM's researcher Marion Anderson, "over 20,000 more jobs are created per billion dol- lars spent than when the money is spent by the military." 0 Enrollment down There will be fewer students at the big 'U' this fall. That's the word from Vice President for Aca- demic Affairs Frank Rhodes. Rhodes said yester- day at a meeting of the Senate Assembly, that there would be a drop of about 500 in total student enrollment. The former geology professor indicated that tenative figures showed a drop of about 300 in the literary school, 150 fewer students in the edu- cation school, and the remaining loss split among the other schools and colleges. The drop could cost the University almost $500,000 in tuition. College poll Feel like you've been neglected in the constant onslaught of Harris polls, Gallup polls and others? The College Young Democrats are conducting a nationwide poll this week on a list of possible Democratic presidential nominees for '76, and all you have to do is show up at their table in the Fishbowl and speak your mind. Early results on the University campus, they report, show that Senators Edward Kennedy, George McGovern and Walter Mondale are neck-and-neck frontrunners. Reuther sounds off Congressman Marvin Esch (R-Ann Arbor) has been fielding a lot of early potshots in anticipation of the November election, and the foray continued yesterday when Democratic contender John Reu- ther called upon Esch to reveal how much mail he has sent out at the taxpayers' expense. Reuther pointed to figures in a recent national study which show a 100 per cent increase in the quantity of mail sent out in the third quarter of 1972, an elec- tion year, compared to 1971, a non-election year. 0 Election reform The Democrats have been busy this week, and Peter Eckstein, Ann Arbor's nominee for state senator, was no exception. Eckstein called for the full disclosure of campaign contributions and ex- penditures, and also said the state needs a system of partial public financing of political campaigns. Eckstein called upon the legislature to regulate lobbyists by sharply limiting the amounts they can spend to influence legislators and to require full reporting of their expenditures. 0 Oops! We mistakenly reported Sunday that the Ful- bright-Hayes Act scholarship application deadline was yesterday, and that the Graduate Student Dis- sertation Grant applications were due Oct. 24. Ac- tually, the deadline for both applications is Oct. 14. 0 Happenings . . . .. are scraping bottom today, with only three items on the agenda. The Future Worlds lecture series will hold an organizational meeting at 8 p.m. in Rm. 2209 of the Michigan Union . . . at 7:30 p.m. in the Union's Anderson Room, students will meet to talk about the tuition hike . . . and Project Community Child Care Seminar will hold a meeting, also at 8 p.m., in the council room of the Union. And that's about it, folks. 0 Candy not so dandy Remember the nickel candy bar? The memory has become five cents fonder with the news that candy manufacturers are now planning to kick the price up from 15 to 20 cents. The price increase comes on the heels of a jump from 10 cents to 15 cents - with little or no change in candy bar size. According to Rex Dull - his real name - of the Agriculture Department's Foreign Agriculture Ser- vice, the cost is the result of record high cocoa bean prices and higher costs of other ingredients such as sugar, nuts and milk. Dull also said that the rest of the world has developed a sweet tooth as voracious as the Americans'. On the inside .. . ... David Warrern and Ira Mondry look back on comedian Richard Pryor's visit to A2 on the Arts Page . . . Bill Heenan describes the "magnificent madness" of America's Cup Race on the Editorial Page . .. and the Sports Page features both Dave Wihak's rehash of Saturday's Big Ten action and Kathy Hennegan's analysis of the Southern Cal- Arkansas game. Ford seen a mits as X0 pardon could e )n's guilty plea AP Photo WITH A TRIUMPHANT SMILE, Wounded Knee trial defendant Russell Means (left) emerges from a St. Paul, Minn. courtroom with fellow American Indian Movement leader Dennis Banks. The two men were cleared yesterday of charges stemming from last year's 71-day occupation. WOUNDED KNEE TRIAL E NDS: Hopes " WA S HIN G TON (P) - President Ford admitted last night that Richard Nixon's acceptance of a presidential pardon can be construed as an admission of Watergate guilt, then added "I am absolutely convinced" that the deci- sion to spare Nixon is the right one. Ford acknowledged that the pardon decision "has created more antagonisms that I anticipated," but re- peatedly defended his ac- tion as a step to heal the lingering wounds of Water- gate. HE SAID former President Nixon "has beenshamed and disgraced" by the fact that the Watergate scandals forced him to resign the White House. Ford said again and again that he acted to end the divi- sions and wounds of Water-, gate. He said there was no sec- ret reason for his pardon, that he was more concerned with the nation's well-being than with Nixon's health, and that: "There was no understanding, no deal between me and the former president, no deal be- tween my staff and the staff of the former president." THE NIXON pardon was the dominant topic at Ford's sec- on White House news confer- ence. Ford said that prior to the pardon he announced eight days ago, he had no private informa- tion about Nixon's health, other than the report of an aide on the appearance of the former presi- dent. On other topics at the na- tionally televised and broadcast session, Ford said: " "We are not going to have a depression," and the adminis- tration is at work to see to it that the economic situation im- proves in the months ahead. * Ford's staff is working with aides to Watergate special pro- secutor Leon Jaworksi "to alle- viate any concern" about safe- keeping of tape recordingsiand documents from the Nixon years as evidence in forthcom- ing trials. * Ford has "several people in mind" as possible successors to White House chief of staff Alexander Haig, and also ex- pects to announce his choice of a new White House press sec- retary "in a very short time." 0 The United States had no involvement in the military ov- See FORD, Page 8 to helwons Case against AIM leaders dismissed ST. PAUL, Minn. (A) - A federal judge yesterday dismiss- ed all five felony charges against two American Indian Movement leaders charged in the Wounded Knee, S.D., take- over last year. But he denied a motion for acquittal that would have left defendants Rus- sell Means and Dennis Banks free from further prosecution. U.S. District Court Judge Fred Nichol cited "government mis- conduct" in dismissing the charges - three counts of as- sault, one of theft and one of conspiracy-against Banks, 42, and Means, 35. Brest cancer test center opens here By MARGARET YAO "Washtenaw County can expect a marked decrease in its breast cancer mortality rate over the next five years," predicted Dr. H. M. Pollard, former president of the American Cancer Society, proudly. His optimism was based on the promising possibilities of the Breast Cancer Detection Center which opened here yesterday. STAFFED BY University radiologists and specially trained nurses and technicians, the center is part of a new national program, and the only one of its kind in Michigan. The center's purpose is threefold, according to its staffers: -To provide examinations, -To dispel common fears concerning breast cancer, -To determine the most complete and accurate diagnostic procedure for breast cancer detection. Examinations, the staffers, say, will be given annually to 5,000 Michigan women ages 35-74 for five years and followed up by telephone calls and letters for another five years. ACCORDING TO clinic director Dr. Barbara Threatt, a Uni- versity radiologist specializing in breast cancer diagnosis, if successful, the program would also prove the effectiveness of mass screening in reducing deaths from breast cancer. The $8.4 million center is supported by grants from the Ameri- can Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute, and is located at 396 W. Washington St. The program is a timely one, according to Threatt, for studies predict an estimated 3,800 cases will occur this year, with 1,400 deaths. "The over all statistics on breast cancer are grim," Threatt said yesterday. "In fact, there has been essentially no improve- ment in the survival of breast cancer patients over the last 40 years." He renewed earlier criticism of the FBI and said Asst. U.S. Atty. R. D. Hurd had deceived him about one government wit- ness. NICIOL'S ruling-which the prosecution can appeal within 30 days-ended an often-tumultuous eight-month trial stemming from the 71-day armed occupa- tion of the Pine Ridge Indian reservation village beginning Feb. 21, 1973. The Wounded Knee uprising was aimed at drawing nation- wide attention to thepoor living conditions of American Indians. Last April, Nichol issued a finding that the government il- legally tapped a phone at Wounded Knee and said at the time that he was almost at the brink of dismissal. "I HAVE been shoved over the brink," Nichol said yester- day. Nichol's ruling came on a defense motion filed Saturday and claiming fresh government misconduct. It was issued short- ly after Hurd, acting on instruc- tions from the Justice Depart- ment in Washington, refused to go along with an 11-member jury when a doctor reported that a juror who became ill on Fri- day would not be able to resume deliberations. Hurd had called the juror, Therese Cherrier, 53, the most prone to convict. In opening his one hour and 10-minute address to the jury and a packed courtroom, Nichol explained that Cherrier had suf- fered a stroke and partial paralysis of her left arm and leg. Nichol said her doctor con- cluded she "will not be able to return to deliberations in the immediate future." Hurd told newsmen after the ruling, "We think the court is wrong." He added that any See JUDGE, Page 8 AP Photo PRESIDENT FORD defends his positions on the Nixon pardon and amnesty for draft evaders as "binding up the wounds" of . Watergate and the Vietnam conflict. He spoke at a White House press conference last night. Ford, reoveals WASHINGTON UP) - President Ford officially offered judicial forgiveness yesterday to thousands of Vietnam-era draft evaders and deserters, if they reaffirm their allegiance to the United States and work for up to 24 months in public service jobs. Ilours later, at a nationally broadcast news conference, Ford said the move was an effort to bind up wounds left by the un- popular war, and was unrelated to the pardon of former President Richard Nixon except that the pardon, too, was intended to bind up the nation's wounds. THE AMNESTY program was effective immediately when Ford signed a presidential proclamation and two executive orders during a brief, nationally broadcast appearance yesterday after- noon in the White House Cabinet Room. Under the program, draft evaders and military deserters who have not been convicted or punished can turn themselves in be- fore next Jan. 31, reaffirm their allegiance and agree to spend up to 24 months in approved public service jobs such as hospital orderly. The President set no minimum period of alternate service, but See FORD, Page 2 INVITES McGOVERN Reuther calls in Dem stars By GORDON ATCHESON Democratic U.S. Congres- sional candidate John Reuther has made overtures to high- level, big name party members to campaign on his behalf against incumbent Marvin Esch (R-Ann Arbor). Reuther has reportedly re- quested Senators Edward Ken- nedy (D-Mass.), Hubert Hum- phrey (D-Minn.), and George McGovern (D-S.D.) to make speaking appearances in the district. NONE OF the three senators has made a firm commitment to come here before the No- vember election, according to spokespersons in their Washing- ton offices. Michigan's Second Congres- sional district is considered a "swing" area which the Demo- crats believe they should be able to win with a strong cam- paign effort. In addition, Esch has been touted as a possible senatorial candidate two years from now, but a loss in November would seriously damage his chances for nomination--not to mention victory. THEREFORE, the Democrats sensethatttheir party has more to gain than merely another seat in the House of Representa- tives by knocking off the in- cumbent. And from all indica- tions, the upcoming contest will be close and hard fought. Reuther has already received nrnmises of f snnort from Sen- Unions vie for clerical vote By BARBARA CORNELL Months of strong language and heavy campaigning be- tween the United Automobile Wmnrk r TAW) nti te Am- key is solidarity. They contend that AFSCME is a public em- ployes' union, and as it already represents 2400 other employes on campus, including the serv- power UAW has achieved at the "big three" auto firms can- not be transferred to the Uni- versity. The nko fea tTTW is ized clericals at either Ford or General Motors. UAW has been trying hard to combat the image of male dominance, claiming that more