PARDON:
AE BETRAYAL
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Vol. LXXXV, No. 6 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Wednesday, September 11, 1974 Ten Cents

Ten Pages

No ' ID, no game
In an attempt to cut down on non-students using
student rate football tickets, the Athletic office is
requiring students to present their University stu-
dent ID along with their football ticket when at-
tending this year's home football games - that's
what the little red tag on the end of your ticket
means. Ticket Manager Al Renfrew says, "We
simply want students to be the ones who use the
tickets." So, if you happen to be a student and
plan on attending this Saturday's game, don't for-
get your ID card.
00ops!
We goofed! Acting Literary College (LSA) Dean
Billy Frye's first name is not William as we re-
ported in yesterday's paper, it's Billy. According
to Frye's wife, "Billy is from the south and they
(people in the south) have a habit of naming
people Billy, Tommy and Bobby down there. His
name's not William," she says, "it's Billy."
"
Happenings ...
. . begin this morning if you're interested in
registering for Project Outreach, Psych 201. Sim-
ply stop in at 554 Thompson or call 764-9279 from
9 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. . . . Prof. Witold Trzeciakowski
of the Polish Ministry of Foreign Trade will speak
on "Polish Economic Reform-Recent Develop-
meits" at 2:30 p.m., 200 Lane Hall . . . a rap ses-
sion introducing "Women on the U-M Campus"
will be held from 4-6 p.m. in the Rackham Assem-
bly Hall, sponsored by the Committee on the Sta-
tus of women in graduate education .. . then at
4:30 p.m. the Michigan golf team's orgaizational
meeting will be conducted at the Michigan golf
course club house . . . the Undergraduate Political
Science Association will meet at 7:30 p.m. in 6602
Haven Hall . . . and finally at 8 p.m. the "Dis-
orientation Program" of the Revolutionary Stu-
dent Brigade will be showing two films about stu-
dent struggles, "People's Park" and "San Fran-
cisco State" to be followed by raps at the Inter-
national Center.
Vigilantes?
Attorney General William Saxbe said yesterday
violent crime is spreading so intensively that vigi-
lante groups may organize to take the law into
their own hands. "If the present trends continue,
the prospect of where America may be a decade
from now . . . is enough to evoke a shudder
from even the most optimistic," Saxbe said.
"There could no longer be any place to hide - no
safe zones, not for anybody," he said. "In fact,
we may be near that point already." Saxbe used
his strongest language and portrayed the darkest
outlook he has expressed thus far in comments on
the rising crime rate, especially of violent crime,
in a speech prepared for delivery to the Ohio Re-
tailess' Association. The target of Saxbe's concern
is a new FBI crime report that shows the rate of
serious crime soared 16 per cent in the last quar-
ter of 1973 and for the first three months of 1974
was 15 per cent above the same period last year.
"
Typical
Although women employes make up well over
half of the work force of Boston's insurance com-
panies, only about 2.4 per cent of those women
earn more than $10,000 a year, according to a re-
port by "9 to 5", an organization of women office
workers. Fran Cicchetti, spokeswoman for the
group, accused the insurance industry on Monday
of "flagrant violations of state and federal equal
pay laws" in its treatment of women employes.
She said women make up 58.3 per cent of the work
force at Boston insurance companies, but 86.2 per
cent of them are employed in low paying clerical
positions and added that 51 per cent of the men
working for the firms earn more than $10,000.
0

Ford co
accused

nsiders

pardoning

all

of

Watergate

crimes

n

Studies aminesty for
48persons involved
WASHINGTON (A -- President Ford is studying the
possibility of pardoning all those convicted or accused of
Watergate-related crimes, a spokesman said yesterday.
The surprise disclosure, heightening the controversy
touched off by Ford's pardon for Richard Nixon, was
made by Acting Press Secretary John Hushen, who said
he spoke with Ford's expressed authorization.
"The question of pardons is under study," he said, adding
that the review embraces all 48 individuals who have been ac-
cused of crimes associated with the Watergate label. Of the 48, 39
have pleaded guilty or been convicted by juries.
I CAN GIVE you no further guidance," Hushen said.
White House counsel Philip Buchen later told reporters he
understood Ford was personally conducting the pardon study at
this point but that he, Buchen, expected to be involved later.
Buchen said he believed Ford first disclosed his interest in
possible broad-scale Watergate pardons at a morning meeting
with Hushen and counselor Robert Hartmann.

AP Photo
Inspecting the honor guard
Israeli Prime Minister Yitzhak Rabin, accompanied by Presiden t Ford, inspects the honor guard yesterday during welcoming
ceremonies on the South Lawn of the White House. Rabin arrived in Washington for the start of a four-day visit to discuss future
Arab-Israeli relations with Ford and Secretary of State Henry K issenger.

PRIMARY ELECTIONS:
Askew, wins

'in Florida;

Careytakes New York

HUSHEN was asked by a
newsman if he understood the
likely impact of his Ford-au-
thorized statement on a nation
already divided over the merits
of the Nixon pardon.
"I think those factors have
been taken into account," he
said, adding that the launching
of a study did not mean par-
dons actually would be granted.
Reaction from powerful con-
gressional Democrats was swift
and critical. Senate Democratic
whip Robert Byrd of West Vir-
ginia said new pardons "would
complete the cover-up of the
cover-up." House Speaker Carl
Albert, (D-Okla.), said they
"would be viewed as an abuse
of presidential power."
SEN. JAMES Buckley, (R-N.
Y.), said, however, "I certain-
lv think it's appropriate for
these cases. to be reviewed. But
I haven't thought it through."
Sen. Sam Ervin, (D-N.C.),
Senate Watergate committee
chairman, said it would be a
mockery to pardon "these men
who undertook to steal from the
American people their right to a
free election . .
At the special Watergate pro-
secutor's office, spokesman
James Doyle said, "I don't
think I'm surprised" that Ford
would consider the pardons.
ATTORNEYS for six defen-
dants, in the Watergate cover-
up trial conferred all morning
on a joint strategy.
Hushen reported that the
White House had tabulated 16,-
000 telegrams on the Nixon par-
don by late yesterday morning
and found them running 6-1 in
opposition to Ford's grant of
federal immunity to be resigned
president.
However, Hushen said tele-
phone reaction has "changed
around rather significantly" and
through M o n d a y, supported
See FORD, Page 7

By The Associated Press
Rep. Hugh Carey captured
the Democratic nomination for
governor of New York last
night, and Gov. Reubin Askew
of Florida won renomination as
incumbent governors and sen-
ators headed for easy primary
victories.
Carey, with strong backing
from organized labor, defeated
former offtrack betting boss
Howard Samuels in the hard-
fought contest to choose a rival
for Republican Gov. Malcolm
Wilson.

WILSON, WHO succeeded Vice
President - designate N e I s o n
Rockefeller last December after
15 years as lieutenant governor,
was unopposed for a full four-
year term.
In another New York contest,
f o r m e r Atty. Gen. Ramsey
Clark won a three-way Demo-
cratic primary for senator. He
will oppose veteran Republican
Sen. Jacob Javits in November.
And New York's Democrats
nominated state Sen. Mary Anne
Krupsak for lieutenant governor,

Sto hire new
women's advocate

the first woman ever chosen for
nomination to statewide office in
the state.
ASKEW, considered a possible
candidate for national office,
swamped three challengers in
Florida's Democratic primary.
He will face Republican Jerry
Thomas, a conservative former
Democrat, in. November.
O t h e r incumbent governors
headed for v i c t o r yincluded
Democrats Marvin Mandel of
Maryland, Patrick Lucey of Wis-
consin, Thomas Salomn of Ver-
mont and Wendell Anderson of
M i n n e s o t a, and Republicans
Francis Sargent of Massachu-
setts and Meldrim Thomson of
New Hampshire.
And the only senator with
primary opposition, Republican
Charles Mathias of Maryland,
piled up an insurmountable lead
over his conservative challenger,
Ross Pierpont.
INCUMBENT senators unop-
posed for renomination included
Javits, Democrat Gaylord Nel-
son of Wisconsin and Republi-
cans Barry Goldwater of Ari-
zona and Peter Dominick of
Colorado.
In all, 13 states and the Dis-

trict of Columbia held primaries
to choose candidates for the
Nov. 5 elections.
In Massachusetts, S a r g e n t
claimed victory over his conser-
vative chalelnger, Carroll Shee-
han.
AND FORMER state Rep.
Michael Dukakis said he had
won the Massachusetts Demo-
cratic primary for governor
over state Atty. Gen. Robert
Quinn.
In Maryland, where Mandel's
margin over three chalengers
was substantial but less than an-
ticipated, a surprise appeared
to be in the making in the GOP
gubernatorial race.
Rep. Lawrence Hogan, the
first Republican member of the
House Judiciary Committee to
See CAREY, Page 10

Law prof
questions
Nixon
pardont
By STEPHEN SELBST
A University constitutional law
expert said yesterday that Presi-
dent Ford's pardon of ex-
President Nixon "may be be-
yond the limits of the presi-
dent's constitutional. powers"
because it clears Nixon for a
period of time rather than for
specific acts committed while
in office.
Law professor Yale Kamisar
argued that the way to chal-
lenge the controversial move
would be to indict Nixon - and
make his attorneys fight the
charges, although he admitted
the plan is "not realistic."
"THEY'D probably try to
quash it on the grounds that
he's already been pardoned,
but the rebuttal would be that
the pardon was illegal," Kami-
sar said.
To Kamisar, "the objection-
able thing isn't that he was
pardoned before indictment and
conviction, though some have
questioned the validity of that,
the objectionable thing is that
he was pardoned for a period
of time." He added, "I would be
happy if there was a confession,
detailing what Nixon did."
Kamisar further contended
that, "the public may never
know whether the pardon is
justified, because there is no
See PARDON, Page 7
r NiXon1
- figure.

Hmmmmmmmm
This three inch, ruby necked hummingbird, dis-
covered last week with a badly broken wing,
couldn't have fallen into better hands. Elmer- Cum-
mings of Grand Rapids,bprovides his little friend
with a tea cup bed and a diet of honey and water
from a small vial or toothpick. Cummings suspects
the bird crashed into a window.
On the inside ..
Brian Denning takes a male's view of the new
pom-pom girls, Athletic Director Don Canham's
latest exercise in sexism, on the Sports Page . . .
almost edible and possibly passable to the palate
recipes occupy the Food Page (there's no Arts
Page today) . . . and on the Editorial Page, Mar-
nie Heyn completes her interview with Myra Wolf-
. l lC , V.A . l ..~...

By CHERYL PILATE
After placing an eight-month
"freeze" on the women's advo-
cate post, the University admin-
istration has re-opened the po-
sition and drawn together a
search committee to recruit and
screen applicants.
Claire Jeannette, the Univer-
versity's first women's advo-
cate, resigned that post last
November for "personal rea-
sons."
DUE TO a re-organizational
overhaul in the Office of Spe-
cial Services and Programs
(OSSP) which coordinates the
University's seven advocates, it
was unclear until mid-summer
whether Jeannette would be re-
placed.
When she resigned last fall,
the official OSSP position was
that a successor would be nam-
ed by January '74.
However, the subsequent
doubts of top-level administra-
tors as to whether University
women still needed an advocate
cmused a lengthy re-evaluation
of the nosition during the OSSP
re-shuffling.

rently in the process of sifting
through about 50 applications
and finalizing the new job de-
scription.
STRICT degree requirements
have been dropped from the
description a n d committee
chairwoman Carol Hollenshead
See 'U', Page 10

fund

twice

LBJ

UAW VP asks for
U' clericals support

By JEFF DAY
Doualas Fraser, vice presi-
dent of the United Atlto Workers
(UAW), spoke to University
clerical workers last night, urg-
ing them to vote UAW in the
uncomin elections which will
decide whether University em-
plrves will unionize.
"Comnanies can't be counted
on to carry out a policy in an
onen, even-handed manner,"
Fraser said. "Only by joining a

Ford request fo

(AFSCME) union, or no union
at all.
In his speech, Fraser empha-
sized both the need for a union
and UAW union experience,
pointing out that some leaders
of AFSCME got their start in
the UAW, and that some still
paid the UAW dues.
HIS strategy seemed at least
partially successful. "I was go-
ing to vote AFSCME, but now

WASHINGTON (P)-President
Ford's $850,000 request for
Richard Nixon during his first
10 months out of office is more
than twice as much as former
President Lyndon Johnson re-
ceived during a comparable
p e r i o d, government records
show.
And there is some question
about whether Nixon could be
granted the full amount under
existing laws.
FIGURES compiled by the
General Services Administration
(GSA) on the government's ex-
penditures for other former
presidents were obtained from
congressional sources. The Nix-
on request is up for considera-
tion by House and Senate ap-
propriations subcommittees be-

ME=

MEREM