Page Eight THE MICHIGAN DAILY Fridav.: Octohar -0 .197n PageEigh THEMICHGAN AIL 7 rlinxi CtL-) =I ..Jl '( 7f I " I ,"' 'U, military research: B (Continued from Page 1) journalism Prof. William Por- ter. "The University should get out of it with dignity as soon as possible." Porter says that, while it is difficult to categorize research as military or non-military, secrecy is a clear criteria for the University to judge whether to accept projects. He argues clas- sification prevents the free ex- change of information.- *"Research u n d e r classified status doesn't comply with ad- vancing knowledge, says SGC member Bob Nelson, "It's cer- tainly not as useful as research open to the public." 'Researchers argue that the a m o u n t of truly classified knowledge is small. "What's of interest to the scientific com- munity is general principles," says associate Willow Run direc- tor Richard Legault, "What's classified is applications." "If their research was for peaceful purposes, it would not be classified," argues De Grieck. Knauss says that research which is not available in teach- ing or for publication has "little value," but he opposes a ban on classified research in general. "My first choice would be to have no classified research here; it would be better if there's no such thing," President Robben Fleming says. "But I'm per- suaded that in some cases one can justify some degree of clas- sification." A The question of respon- sibility for use or misuse of the outcome of research is also in- volved. "I don't think you can say knowledge is either good or bad -I think there are good appli- cations and bad applications," Vice President Norman argues. Yet military researchers often do not know how the Defense Department does their work. "I don't know what's done with it," says Legault. "It's rare in- deed we know the applications of the technology developed here." "The University and the scien- tists involved should realize that they have a moral responsibil- ity too," counters De Grieck. Bursle Sallade vie for state Senate (Continued from Page 1 creased minority admissions. Dur- ing the strike, Bursley criticized the University for not stopping class disruptions from occurring. Referring to Burley's state- ments, Sallade says, "At the height of the crisis he advocated stiffer policies in order to capture the law and order to vote. If that isn't violating constitutional auto- nomy, I don't know what is." IDespite B~rsley's comments on the class strike, the senator says he is in favor of less governmental control over state universities. "I voted against the state edu- cation bill that would penalize students by revoking their aid if they participate in disruptions," he says. "The Legislature doesn't have the competence to decide the policies of a university adminis- tration." "They can't wash their hands of what they develop." Warner contends that individ- uals have to be responsible for the tools they create. "In times of great danger from technology and conflict you have great re- sponsibilities," he explains. Legault says that technology and the Defense Department are just means to an end and how they are used depends to a large degree on political leaders. Attacking this type of ar- gument, Bayer says, "The peo- ple during the Nazi period in German said 'The government makes the decisions, We only give them the means to carry it out." "The government can't make these decisions if they don't have the means to cary them out," he explains. Yet almost anything can be accused of killing people or helping the military. Hiatt points out that trucks can be used to carry grain or ammuni- tion. " If military researchers re- fuse to continue their work, it is said, the government will turn elsewhere. "If wa turn down contracts we. would probably find the work would get done anyway," says Leonard Porcella, associate di- rector of Willow Run. "If we're the best people to do the job, it would be better for us to do it well rather than let someone else do it less well." Just because someone can do something well, De Grieck points out, does not mean that it should necessarily be done. Beyer says universities should take the lead in educating so- ciety by refusing war research. 0 If the University did stop classified and military research, it is argued, this would infringe on the freedom of the research- ers involved. "Freedom goes both ways," says Hiatt. "There are a num- ber of people who's movements would be hampered if they were not allowed in classified research because their professional de- velopment is in problems that are classified." "Their work violates the con- ditions of our freedom by being secret," Warner says. Nelson says that if research- ers insisted on doing military research they could do so in a non-university setting. "The University should exer- cise only the most minimal con- trols and influences with what people should do with their own scholarly intent," contends law Prof. Terrance Sandalow. But Nelson points out that "classification innately excludes certain people from working on research who don't fit govern- ment criteria." Beyer adds, , "Any society makes rules restricting behavior. In a free society you're free to do as you like as long as you don't impinge on the well-being of others." "If a person is working on machines of destruction, he's imperiling millions of people," he explains. 0 Another argument is that refusing to take military re- search would politicize the Uni- versity and possibly alienate from other segments of society. "I strongly believe that the Lessing University should be apoli says Porcello, adding tha should not apply to indiv within the University co nity. De Grieck counters th allowing military research the University is in fact t sides and being political. are not being neutral," h sists. 0 Some say, that acc funds for classified and m research is necessary for professional careers. "Particularly in electricE gineering most of the fr work is for the Defense DE ment," says Cooley Elect Laboratory Director T h o Butler. "We have to go or curse? tical," Nelson says, "The University t this provides research overhead to iduals these projects. If the University mmu- can only devote so much money to overhead, the University at by should be more concerned about now sodial problems. taking "With only a limited amount "They of resources, the military re- ie in- searchers are keeping someone else from doing something," epting Nelson adds. ilitary After reviewing these argu- their ments, University officials have come to their own conclusions. al en- "You can't say, unless you're ontier prepared to give up science, that epart- you won't accept anything with ronics military applications," argues m a s Fleming. where Yet Fleming believes that I "It's not, the business of the University in normal times to be involved in what is simply and distinctly military research without civilian applications," President Fleming says. ***********************s*****s****4"***:":*01 *i* *r.:.1r..: r. **". -- Benefit for ,'Kent State, Defense Fund this Friday,'Oct. 30, 7 P.M UGLI Multipurpose Room The President of Kent State Student Gov't and others active in the Defense for the Kent State 251will speak and show a student-made documentary film about the May murders. SUPPORT THE KENT 25. George Sallade Current state economic policies also divide the candidates. Both take the traditional positions of their respective parties. While { Bursley favors the Republican policy of trying tohkeep spending down to avoid tax increases and inflation, Sallade says this pro- gram has proven false. "'You can cut down on unem- ployment while controlling infla- tion," he says. "The state can act as a lobby in Washingtoni to en- courage proper economic policies as well as setting reasonable in- terest rates within the state." Sallade says an increase in state taxes will be necessary to enact the legislation he favors, adding, "the people will pay for it when you explain your program." Sallade and Bursley have sim- ilar backgrounds. Sallade is an ex-Republican, having switched parties about ten years ago. They were members of the same frater- nity while they attended the Uni- versity. Both are from prominent Ann Arbor families, and Bursleyf Hall bears the senator's family1 name while Sallade's family owns Wahr's a bookstore on South Uni-' versity Ave. While the campaign has been less than hectic until recently, Sallade seems to have been en- couraged by the strength of other Democrats to increase his efforts. Filing for the race just before the deadline, campaign workers, tra- ditionally optimistic, say he has; "almost a chance." Meanwhile, Bursley has more campaign money to spend in the final days than Sallade and feels assured of vic- tory. "I probably don't even need a- headquarters to be elected," he says. PLAY GAMES WITH YOUR MIND, YOUR BODY, YOUR FUTURE LOOK FOR: Byzanitium, Body Talk, 20th Century Tarot AT FACTS and FUN 224 S. MAIN the frontiers are." Nelson argues that in many fields funds are available for research work from sources other than the Defense Depart- ment. "We have to recognize that there is an enthusiasm for cre- ating and developing," Warner comments. "The duty of the engineers and scientists is to harness that enthusiasm toward different areas-they shouldn't stop work. 0 Another defense of military research is that University re- searchers add a civilian com- ponent to the Defense Depart- ment. "I think there is some really important aspect of civilian con- trol that is implied in this," Norman says. "The advisers of the Defense Department on many kinds of sophisticated militarykdevelopment are civil- ians and I don't want to see decisions on those things purely in military hands." "The only education the mili- tary has received is in terms of how to make war more efficient- ly." counters De Qrieck. "The iesearchers don't educate the Defense Department as to how the research should be used- more realistically they are serv- ants of the military." Warner says that while mili- tary research adds a civilian component to the Defense De- partment, it also adds a military component to civilian life here. " Another question is the cost which the University incurs in pursuing military research. "The agencies which finance university research almost never pay its full costs," said Lee Du- Bridge, former U.S. science ad- visor, in a speech here three years ago. In this year's University budget, expenditures from the general fund for research total $7.4 million including $833,000 for University research admin- istration and $817,000 for Willow Run administration. While the University does get several million dollars back from the federal government for research costs,- Vice President Norman confirms that the Uni- versity subsidizes the research effort as a whole. ~1 t there Ahould be some restric- tions on what University spon- sored research should entail. "It's not the business of the University in normal times to be involved in what is simply and distinctly military research without civilian applications," Fleming says. He acknowledges, however, that practically everything has one civilian use or another, not- ing that rifles are useful in hunting. "If the Army came to us and said they wanted us to develop a new rifle, my own attitude would be that this would be no business of the University-we should not engage in a clearly identifiable, military weapons project." And this seems to be where the University now draws the line. 1RAMSEYI -'I r" Just Received... More Sizes and Colors in the New, Granny Boot CLARK Tonight Rcickham *i 8 P.M. * COME-LISTEN-DONATE, NO ADMISSION CHARGE-but we are trying to raise money for the Defense Gilb~rt Bursley Let's get to the HART OF THE TROUBLE! 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B r o w n or rust suede, tan, red, brown or black smooth leather. 13O * I 1210 S. University Open Monday Nite'til 9:00 760 2'088 AI .q U&N (Paid Political Advertisement) I I VOTE LENORE Paid Pl Adv NOV. 3 I ENGLISH STYLE FISH 'N' CHIPS 3 pieces fish, frvies, o tartar sauce, 07C vinegar ALSO 14AARIIRd:RC ,'ii ,vu., #L I r DOWNTOWN HONDA has Everything You Need in Camping, Hunting, and Hiking Eqim n wriie your o0 Senator Bursley, I would like to see the legislature pass a law to do the following: - I I I in lavva FEATURING: CONTINENTAL TYROLEAN BOOTS . the comfort you want . the footing you need. Senator Bursley has served in the Michigan legislature since 1960, and has been a recognized leader on some of the most important issues of the day: education reform, the environ- ment, abortion law reform, urban transportation, housing, inter-govern- mental relations. The Senator says many of his best legislative ideas have come from constituents, and that there are many more where they came from. So he asks you to take this opportunity to tell him what's on your mind. In short, this is your chance to write your own law. Just jot down your ideas on the coupon and mail Signed, i I I i I