T-groups: Leadership issue By TONY SCHWARTZ Second of a two-part series The "human potential" movement is still young and it is struggling to define itself. There is an open controversy be- tween critics and advocates over the legiti- macy of T-groups, as well as a sense of ambivalence among movement leaders over the unresolved questions. The qualifications of leaders, the func- tions of group members in relation to each other and the degree to which the T-group ;ideal is useful in and of itself appear to be the central issues. At the University, a controversy over leadership standards and selection became apparent with the rapid growth of Project Outreach T-groups, beginning in 1969. At that time, a group of clinical psy- chologists generated a crisis when they expressed concern over what they sensed as "laissez faire" attitudes concerning leadership selection, group standards and accreditation. In reaction, a committee was formed, consisting of three faculty and three stu- dent members, to carry out a thorough investigation. In essence, the report assured those concerned that leadership standards were high and that supervision was careful and responsible. Nevertheless, a great deal of concern among clinical psychologists and other critics at the University remains over what they term the dangerous lack of experi- ence among group leaders in the more free form groups. Moreover, there appears to be ambiva- lence among the movement's leaders, over the proper standards of professionalism, experience and accreditation. For instance, of the four groups being offered in the Free University catalogue this semester, three are led by undergradu- ates with no previous training experience. This is typical of an approach which ]eacs psychology Prof. Howard Wolowitz to comment, "There is a lack of awareness in these groups of the sheer effort in- volved, the sheer anguish in gaining in- sight." Critics complain that often the only qualifications leaders have is participation in enough groups to have acquired a cer- tain professional veneer. The critics are concerned over inexperi- enced leaders who try to use the group to solve their own problems. Bart Grossman decries this type of leader. "The leader is primarily there to help other people, it is not a forum to deal with his own stuff," he says. Wolowitz is concerned about selfish or inexperienced leaders. He believes that the process of change is both delicate and sensitive and that ignorance or unintended maliciousness on the part of leaders is potentially dangerous. In a recent New York Times article, Dr. Bruce Maliver, a therapist in private prac- tice, pointed to palpable dangers of bad leadership. He wrote of a woman who entered a T- group in a deep depression after the break- up of her marriage. She discovered a joy and warmth in the group and became inti- mately involved with one of its leaders. She later discovered he was intimately in- volved with a number of other female group members and in the return to de- pression committed suicide. The leader believed, either naively or deceitfully, that the group's relations would be enhanced by his effort at individual See CRITICS, Page 7 .-Daiiy-Terry McCarthy STUDENTS participate in a T-group in the Red Carpet Lounge of Alice Lloyd Hall. The controversy over T-groups has centered to a large extent around informal meetings such as this one. SUNDAY DAILY See Editorial Page j [17" C airC~i a IIUIIMr DREARY High-36 Low-24 Mostly cloudy with chance of rain or snow r - Vol. LXXXI, No. 121 Ann Arbor, Michigan-Sunday, February 21, 1971 Ten Cents Ten Pages -Daily-Terry McCarthy Tw o more f or Wilmore Henry Wilmore goes in for a layup enroute to a 33 point performance as the hot shoot- ing Wolverines shredded the Minnesota Gophers for a 108-90 victory. Michigan has now won all eight of its conference games. See story, Page 9. OSS BOARD UNHAPPY D isappointment vo1ce over' re gentl policy On recruiting LSA sit-in scheduled tomorrow By ROSE SUE BERSTEIN An ad-hoc s t u d e n t steering committee formed after students were barred from Fri- day's Regents meeting plans to distribute leaflets today urging students to gather at noon tomorrow for a sit-in in the LSA Bldg. The steering committee of seven is charged only with preparing and distributing the leaflets, since the group which selected them plans to determine its policies -and future course of action at tomorrow's sit-in. A student group had originally planned to present a list of six demands to the Regents Friday. They were barred from the Admin- istration Bldg., however, and could not at- tend the Regents meeting. Two students were arrested Friday when the group tried to force their way into the Administration Bldg. Students rallied on the Diag to protest the arrests, then de- cided at a later meeting to continue the protest tomorrow with the sit-in. The group's demands are that the Uni- versity abolish the ROTC program, end classified military research, establish a free 24-hour child-care center, donate facilities for anti-war movement use, extend the Of- fice of Student Services (OSS) recruiting policy throughout the University and limit control of the literary college Course Mart program to students. One of the six demands, that the OSS re- cruiting policy be extended, was rejected Friday by the Regents when they passed a revised policy. The demands were originally formulated at a series of meetings two weeks ago in reaction to the U.S. supported invasion of Laos. At that time, protesters announced that if the demands were not "dealt with im- mediately" at a special Feb. 13 Regents meeting, administrative functions of the University would be "shut down" the fol- lowing Monday, Feb. 16. The two students arrested during Friday's melee are Stephen Winter, '71, and John Eustis, '73. Winter was arraigned Friday afternoon on a charge of obstructing and resisting a police officer. He was released on $250 bond, pending a pre-trial examination set for March 3 in District Court. Eustis will be arraigned tomorrow after- noon on charges of assault and battery and obstructing and resisting a police officer. He is free on $25 bail. Chief of Police Walter Krasny said that he had "several platoons of patrolmen standing by" Friday afteroon in anticipa- tion of further problems, but that he con- sidered the campus calm after the noon time scuffle. -Associated Press Plastic pot Spencer Coxe, director of the American Civil Liberties Union in Philadelphia, displays an artificial marijuana plant of the type now being sold through the mail. Until January profits of the sale went to the ACLU to help finance challenge of marijuana laws, but the arrangement was dissolved because ACLU officials decided "we were making light of something which we don't consider funny." MEETING SCHEDULED TFs organtze against new proposal fromVP1Smit Fighting in Laos hits peak SAIGON ( - North Vietnamese troops overrun a South Vietnamese ranger outpost on the Ho Chi Minh trail yesterday and laid siege to two others. The Saigon troops fought their way out of one beseiged base early to- day, suffering heavy casualties. In the, heaviest fighting since the South Vietnamese moved into Laos on Feb. 8, Com- munist forces also downed five American helicopters. Associated Press correspondent William Barton reported from Quang Tri that about 150 South Vietnamese rangers broke out of Landing Zone Ranger and linked up moth another ranger unit at a similar patrol base two miles away. The fate of the other 300 soldiers at the out- post, which had been under siege since Thurs- day, was not clear. Earlier reports said more than 50 were killed and more than 200 wounded. American helicopters flying through heavy antiaircraft fire evacuated some of the wounded before the base was abandoned. Field reports said that of the five helicop- ters lost yesterday two went down in Laos and the others crashed in the northwest cor- ner of South Vietnam. The U.S. Command acknowledged three of the losses in its Sunday communique. This raised to 13 the number of U.S. helicopters announced lost in Laos so far and increased the number downed on the Vietnam side of the border to 10. The South Vietnamese have announced the loss of two. The command officially lists American casualties from helicopter losses since the drive began as 14 killed, 14 wounded and seven missing in Laos; with 13 killed, 19 in- jured and six missing in South Vietnam. In other Indochina developments: -South Vietnamese headquarters claimed its troops, making a parallel drive into east- ern Cambodia, scored a major battlefield vic- tory Saturday near Suong, killing 110 Com- munist troops with losses of four government soldiers killed and 18 wounded; -About five rockets struck the huge Amer- ican airbase at. Da Nang in the- northern sector. The U.S. Command said there were no fatalities and described casualties and damage as light. However, Associated Press correspondent. Michael Putzel reported from Da Nang that one rocket destroyed a four- engined U.S. cargo plane; and -The U.S. Command announced a second day of B52 raids against a North Vietnamese buildup just below the demilitarized zone that threatens American forces supporting the Laos drive. A&P laysoff 7; protest continues By ROSE SUE BERSTEIN A business drop which may have been pre- cipitated by a week-long boycott has caused the A & P grocery store on Huron St. to lay off seven employes. The store's management also suspended three and fired one of the approximately 30 regular employes. Store manager Warren Hartman yesterday said it was standard procedure to lay people off at this time of year. "There was a busi- ness drop," he explained. "It is perfectly nor- mal at this season." The grocery has been the target of week- long boycotting activities stemming from the By GERI SPRUNG People on both sides of the issue have ex- pressed disappointment with the recruiting policy passed by the Regents at their Friday meeting. The Regents rejected the policy initiated by the Office of Student Services (OSS) policy board last November which bars "any profit corporation operating where discrimination is legally enforced" from recruiting in its office. In its place, the Regents adopted a Univer- sity-wide policy which prevents corporations from using the various campus placement offices to recruit persons specifically for em- ployment in countries which legally sanction discrimination. The Regents plan was developed after an open hearing last Thursday where the issue was debated. The compromise was designed to recon- 4 cile the current OSS policy with the policies of the other University placement services, which permit any corporation to recruit as long as they do not break any U.S. statute or discriminate. Some members of the OSS policy board interpreted the Regents' decision as a double blow to the board, in that it.refused to extend their policy University-wide while keeping the board from carrying out the policy within, its own office. Board members expressed further resent- ment since the Regents ruling overruled the first major policy decision the board had made since its .inception. OSS policy board member Jerry De Grieck said yesterday he was "furious with the Re- gents actions.". "The Regents claim to be concerned with the rights of individual students and yet they ignored the approval of the OSS policy ex- pressed by the vast majority of student gov- ernments on campus," he said. "The Regents have ignored their moral responsibility in continuing to support racism and sexism within the University with this new recruit- ing policy." De Grieck said that he was planning to introduce a motion at the next policy board See REGENTS, Page 10 By LINDSAY CHANEY A proposal by Vice President for Academic Affairs Allan Smith to standardize the defi- nition of graduate assistant has caused a growing wave of dissent among teaching fellows., The teaching fellows claim the proposal would reduce their health insurance benefits and the time they are allowed to hold assist- antship appointments. A meeting has been called for ,8 p.m. to- morrow in the Residential College to discuss the proposal and draw up recommendations to be given to Smith. The proposal defines duties and fringe benefits for all graduate assistants. The classification "graduate assistant" includes all teaching assistants, research assistants, and staff assistants. Teaching assistants are currently known as teaching fellows in most University de- partments. They are paid from the teaching budget of the department in which they work. Research assistants are graduate students who assist a faculty member on a research project related to their degree program. They are paid through the Office of Re- search Administration. Staff assistants perform non-teaching and non-research duties in an area related to their degree program. They are paid from the operating budgets of each department or service unit. "It's nothing new," said Charles Allmand, assistant to Vice President Smith. "It's just accumulating existing practices and putting them in writing to apply to the whole Uni- versity." The teaching fellows have two main ob- jections to the proposal. The first is that,,, under the proposal, graduate students must hold at least half-time assistantship ap- pointments to be eligible to participate in the University Blue-Cross-Blue Shield health insurance plan. At present, graduate assistants may par- ticipate in the plan if they earn more than $750 and the participation continues during the summer following the appointment. Daniel Fox, a teaching fellow in statistics, estimates the University will save $132,000 a year in money they won't have to pay for insurance premiums. Approximately 37 per Noise to music: The electronic studio By BILL FEHSENFELD A scream bursts from a speaker and dies away into the sound of bubbling, rolling sea waves; waves dis- solve into a jangling cascade of squeaks, gongs and bells. These and a whole world of other sounds can be produced and molded into music at the University's Electronic Music Studio. In 1956, composer Gordon Mumma began experi- menting in Ann Arbor with a new kind of music: "He was ridiculed quite badly by many people at the time," says William Albright, associate director of the Electronic Music Studio. But now, serious composition in electronics has The source of the sound may be natural or it may be artificially produced. Ideally, a studio can turn, out any sound ffom sea waves to snorks, or electronic belches. The electronic studio can be described as a "flex- ible" instrument. Most of the compositon that has been done in the medium is a logical extension of important streams of thought in other contemporary music. John Cage, American composer, predicted the birth of electronic music in 1937. "I believe that the use of noise to make music will continue," he said, "un- til we reach a music produced through the use of electrical instruments which will make available for k