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WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1971
NIGHT EDITOR: W. E. SCHROCK
Strong step on research
SENATE ASSEMBLY'S approval Monday
of a proposal to bar most classified
research from the 'University was a
major turning point in the research con-
troversy of recent years.
Whether Assembly's policy will be
effectively implemented, however, is still
very much in doubt.
The resolution itself provides for cer-
tain exceptions which may be the cause
of its future undoing.
A 12-member committee must decide if
a proposed classified research project "is
likely to contribute so significantly to
the advancement of knowledge as to jus-
tify infringement of the freedom to pub-
lish openly".
This stipulation was passed as an
amendment to the resolution proposed by
sociology Prof. Howard Schuman which
had stated instead that acceptable clas-
sified research must be "of exceptional
positive value to mankind".
UNFORTUNATELY, the new wording
would not eliminate the ambiguity
in the University's policy on classified
research. The ability to create finer in-
struments of war, for example, would
advance knowledge, yet in a moral sense
would not be of positive value. The ad-
vancement of knowledge, in itself, is not
a sufficient criterion for determining
whether classified research is acceptable.
Assembly has in part already pro-
vided an answer to this by retaining in
the. Schuman proposal a slightly altered
provision from the Elderfieldreport,
which provided the current guidelines
for classified research. It specifically
prohibits research "the specific purpose
or clearly forseeable result of which is
to destroy human life or to incapacitate
human beings".
In the past, however, the Classified
Research Committee (CRC) has not lived
up to the proposals governing classified
research passed by Assembly. Much of
the "electronic battlefield", the auto-
mated warfare systems now used in Viet-
nam, was developed at the University
in spite of the Elderfield prohibition.
Therefore, although it is laudable in
theory, the possibility that the Schuman
proposal will not be faithfully adhered to
certainly exists. The composition of the
committee hopefully will guard against
such an eventuality.
The amended resolution provides that
two people philosophically opposed to
classified research, as well as two mem-
bers engaged in such research, be in-
cluded. Previously, a person philosophic-
ally opposed to classified research could
not serve.
The three students also included on
the committee by the resolution will con-
siderably increase the possibility for a
broad - based committee representing
the various sentiments of the University
community.
The composition of the committee is
crucial to implementation of the spirit of
the Schuman resolution. For the commit-
tee must insure that the guideline which'
allows for exceptions to the general
policy not become a "loophole."
Although there are many possible
dangers to the Schuman's proposal's ef-
fectiveness, the resolution is a major
step toward ending the University's role
in classified research.
The faculty representative body has
squarely faced the issue of classified re-
search in its political and moral terms.
It has set forth a policy which should
reinforce the openness of the University
as well as effectively cut off classified
military research here.
Last Spring's student referendum
strongly opposing classified research
showed what the majority position of
the student body is on that issue.
Keeping in mind Assembly's action and
the majority student position on the is-
sue the Regents should approve the pol-
icy set forth in the Schuman proposal
without delay.
The Regents should also make CRC the
final arbiter on classified research pro-
posals, preventing the Vice President for
Research from approving such proposals
without the committee's support-as he
has occasionally done in the past.
THEN THE University will have a vast-
ly improved guideline for classified
research, and a mechanism for carefully
screening any possible exceptions.
-TED STEIN
Criticism of Assembly
To The Daily:
DO WE ENHANCE the pros-
pects to publish by limiting the
scope of the research that the
staff can pursue? The Assembly
seems to be willing to destroy the
careers of colleagues engaged in
classified research in order to
proclaim the right to publish for
such researchers. It demeans the
Assembly to disguise a cheap po-
litical gesture as an endorsement
of the value of publication.
WilliamliM. Brown
Director, Willow Run
Laboratories
Oct. 5
Schuman position
To The Daily:
THE FOLLOWING are excerpts
of remarks I delivered to Senate
Assembly on Monday, Oct. 4:
I would like to clarify several
points in the resolution that I
proposed last Monday, and that
was accepted as a substitute mo-
tion by a two-thirds vote of As-
sembly . . . There are several
points to touch on...
.The first paragraph of my re-
solution is the key one s i n c e
it states that as a general pol-
icy the University "should n o t
enter into or renew federal con-
tracts or grants that limit open
publication of the results of re-
search."
Let me say a word to explain
why this general policy deserves
the continued support of the As-
sembly tonight.
As faculty members, we fre-
quently are called upto to justify
the research emphasis of the Uni-
versity. We do so in part by in-
sisting that at the University lev-
el, research and teaching are n o t
separate pursuits, but rather parts
of one another.
To the general public, teaching
involves simply the communica-
tion of existing knowledge to a
classroom of students. We try to
explain, however, that at the
University of Michigan the r e -
search done bears directly on oui
teaching goals, both in the im-
mediate sense of being brought
into the clasroom, and in t h e
?rs: On
more general sense of dissemin-
ating new knowledge.
The word "publish" comes from
a term meaning "to make pub-
lic," and in our more, idealistic
moments we emphasize publica-
tion because it is the function of
a great University to make public
new ideas, findings, and meth-
ods. In turn, the criticism that
becomes available when we pub-
lish is equally essential to the
improvement of research itself.
Thus "making public" our research
is rightly a central value of Uni-
versity life.
If this reasoning is accepted,
then Paragraph I of my cesolu-
tion follows directly. Classified
contracts require that the Univer-
sity agree to carry out research
with the explicit proviso that the
results ofthat researchnotbe
made public even to one's own
students and colleagues.
A researcher can be prosecuted
under criminal law for doing un-
der certain circumstances exactly
what we expect and reward him
for doing under most other cir-
cumstances: to make public his
results.
This is a direct contravention of
one of the primary values of the
University. Paragraph I of the
present resolution aims to prevent
such contracts.
In real life, however, major val-
ues sometimes clash, and I am re-
luctant to allow Paragraph I to
stand entirely alone. Therefore
Paragraph II is added.
There may be certain research
proposals that promise such ex-
ceptional positive value as to call
for temporary suspension of Para-
graph I. Since we are asked to
make exceptions to a fundamen-
tal value of the University, we
will do so only when the value of
the proposal carries very great
weight indeed.
My resolution continues to vest
such a difficult decision in a com-
mittee broadly representative of
the University intellectual a n d
'moral community. Indeed, I
would hope that the Committee's
approval of exceptions would be
based on evidence so compelling
as to lead to virtually unanimous
approval by members of that com-
classified
te
research
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"Why couldn't it have been Fulbright. or
Proxmire. . . or McGovern ... or ... .!
if we must rely upon lionized as-
tronauts, at half a billion dollars
per flight and two weeks on the
cover of TIME magazine. For
some time, space flight will con-
tinue to be rare and unusual. .But
in the long run, space flight must
be opened up to non-astronauts-
to agronomists, pollution special-
ists, geologists, natural resource
scientists-if it is to fulfill its
promise.
Aviation began in the early
1900's, and the first flyers - the
Wrights, Glenn Curtis, Santos-
Dumont - were public heroes as
certainly as was John Glenn. But
after twenty years, aviation be-
came routinely available for car-
rying passengers and mail. Space
flight began in the early 1960's.
NASA now plans, by the early
1980's, to have available a re-
usable spacecraft and launcher,
the "space shuttle". The shuttle is
being designed to operate as near-
ly as possible like an airplane.
With the shuttle, space flight will
be routinely available for use in
resource management, crop sur-
veys, and many other purposes.
Then, anyone with good reason to
fly into space, will do so-and
with no astronaut training.
We are not yet in the space-
shuttle era - but we are cer-
tainly no longer in the John
Glenn era. So we should not be
surprised if only specialists can
recall the crew roster for Gemini
9 or Apollo 14. But we also should
not be surprised to see astro-
nauts hailed as heroes - at least
by their hometowns or universi-
ties.
-T.A. Heppenheimer, Grad
Letters to The Daily should
be mailed to the Editorial Di-
rector or delivered to M a r y
Rafferty in the Student Pub-
lications business office in the
Michigan Daily building. Let-
ters should be typed, double-
spaced and normally should
not exceed 250 words. The
Editorial Directors reserve the
right to edit all letters sub-
mitted.
mittee and support by almost all
members of the Assembly.
-Prof. Howard Schuman
Dept.5of Sociology
Oct. 5
Land priorities
To The Daily:
ON THE HEELS of professors
Easter and Livesay, we would like
to add our "two cents" to the dis-
cussion of the golf course. It
seems to both the learned per-
sonages that no issue is to be
taken over the use of this beau-
tiful piece of land. Between them,
they have decided that it goes
either to the duffers or the punt-
er squads.
To us, this is a preposterous
waste. More than a year ago
we injected into discussions like
this what we think is a better
thought for the course and a
more sensible use in terms of land
use, namely, to construct on that
site low-cost housing for the peo-
ple of this community.
We need not here specify the
details of the proposal. We do be-
lieve, however, that it should ap-
pear to anyone with a sound sense
of social priorities, our *proposal
is a better idea.
-Ann Arbor Tenants
Union
Oct. 4
Astronauts
To The Daily:
DAVE CHUDWIN had a fine
article in his "Good Astronauts
Do Not Good Heroes Make"
(Daily, Oct. 5), and he makes an
excellent point. The point is that
there is serious work to be done
in space, and it cannot be done
rI
reporter's notebook
A Shangri-La
.For women only
Towards equality for women
NUMEROUS LAWS at all levels of olir
legal system currently reflect ar-
chaic concepts of sex roles and, in ef-
fect, reduce women to second-class citi-
zenship.
American law not only fails to protect
women from unfair treatment-it also
maintains a structure of its own which
differentiates between male and female
"rights", a distinction reinforced by so-
cial customs and traditions.
Men, as well as women, have suffered
under laws which treat the sexes dif-
ferently. These laws include discrimina-
tory sex preference in child custody and
alimony cases and unequal social bene-
fits legislation.
Women have faced longer prison sen-
tences than men for the same crime,
and dual pay schedules for public school
teachers.
At every Congress since 1923, women's
rights groups have promoted the pas-
sage of an Equal Rights Amendment
(ERA) to the constitution - hoping that
such an amendment would at last deal
with these legal inequities.
And no Congress so far has passed it.
ONCE AGAIN, the ERA is before the
H o u s e of Representatives. The
amendment, sponsored in the House by
Rep. Martha Griffiths (D-Mich), will be
on the floor this week. It reads: "Equality
of rights under the law shall not be de-
nied or abridged by the United States or
by any state on account of sex."
But, as in the past, the bill is crip-
pled by riders which negate the sub-
stance of the amendment, and assure
that equity for women will not be ac-
tualized.
This time, a provision which would ex-
Rhp Mfrhinatt Panihi
empt women from the military draft and
would permit "reasonable" state laws
based on sex difference to continue has
been attached to the amendment.
Those opposing the rider argue that
women, as well as men, should have the
right to answer for themselves the ques-
tion of military conscription.
The question of protective legislation,
however, has generated a more complex
controversy.
Many labor leaders claim that without
such legislation, employers will readily
exploit those who they see as their
weakest workers-non-union women.
But others counter that equal rights
would extend protective legislation -in-
cluding such benefits as minimum wage
laws-to men as well as women.
Protective legislation for women has
in any event often been the veil for anti-
abortion laws and employment discrimi-
nation laws which insure that women
are treated unequally and denied oppor-
tunities for self-determination available
to men.
The actual results of the ERA will re-
main unclear until it goes into effect.
Predictions have been made as to its
effect on marriage, property, and em-
ployment laws, should the measure pass.
Not until the amendment is actualized
and cases tested will the full scope and
impgct of the proposal be known.
Women's equality should be recognized
in the legal system as a matter of sim-
ple justice. But the Equal Rights Amend-
ment is only one step in the movement
for an end to second-class citizenship-
for the equal treatment of all people un-
der the law.
Most importantly the amendment will
be a basis for reinforcing changes in so-
cial attitudes which for so long man-
dated a rigid "place" for women-and
thus also for men-in American society.
IT IS A CHARMING little hid-
den-away place; to read, to
think, to study or even to take a
short nap. Soft sunlight streams
through the high windows and is
absorbed into the wooden panel-
ling. Elegant oriental rugs adorn
the paraquet floors. There a r e
highbacked chairs and sofas. Old
Michagensians and new encyclo-
pediae fill the bookcases.
There's just one catch. T h i e
campus Shangri-La, tucked away
on the third floor of the Michigan
League, has a signronthe do o
which reads: 'Restricted to wom-
en students."
But the "Jessie Koessler Me-
morial Library" - her picture
hangs over the fireplace - despite
its serenity and silence, is occu-
pied most weekdays by only a
very few women.
And although League officials
report receiving no complaints
about the segregated library -
perhaps because it is very h a r d
to find if you don't know where to
look - they will candidly a g r e e
that in the 1970's it has become
something of an anachronism.
"Personally, I don't feel it has
much of a place on a co-ed cam-
pus," says League general manag-
er Wilma Steketee.
Late yesterday morning, o n 1 y
one woman was in the Library -
the name itself now something of
a misnomer since it now lacks all
but a few reference books, the
majority of the collection having
gone to the general library some
years ago - and she expressed no
opposition to allowing men to use.
the facility.
"Why not?" asked Noelle Nishi-
moto, '71.
Nishimoto, who described her-
self as an "infrequent" visitor to
the library, said she appreciated
the quiet which the library offer-
ed.
"There aren't too many kids in
here," she said.
IDLE SPECULATION DEPT:
Evidence is accumulating which
suggests that a "liberalization" of
the county sheriff's department is
currently under way.
In recent months, the contro-
versial Sheriff Douglas J. Harvey
has taken the unusual, indeed
unprecedented steps of firing a
deputy (for brutality to a prison-
er at the county jail) and hiring
a public relations man, an Eastern
Michigan University marketing
professor.
Though the sheriff denies it,
thoughts of the forthcoming gen-
eral elections next year cannot be
far from his mind. Last time
around, Harvey won the Demo-
cratic primary by only about 1,000
votes and the recent flux of young
voters in the county - estimated
as high as 45,000 - cannot b u t
weigh heavily on the law en-
forcement official's mind.
To exacerbatematters f u r -
ther for the sheriff, indications are
that the Ann Arbor Democratic
establishment intends to r un
former deputy Fred Postel hard
against Harvey. Postel was fired
by Harvey two years ago for al-
leged "incompetence."
ALL THIS HAS caused s o m e
Radical Independent P a r t y
theoreticians to believe that Harv-
ey may well run on the American
Independent Party ticket n e x t
election after being defeated by
ing well-tailored pants and
brightly colored shirts and ties.
Yes, the smiling cop with a gun
on his hip who kept flashing the
'v' peace sign to protesters out-
side the county jail last month
was none other than Harvey him-
self. I
As for those ancient rumors -
from the usual , highly reliable
sources - that Harvey was eye-
ing a seat in Congress, well, the
officials' denials remain as inno-
cent as ever.
"The thought never occurred to
me, I'm happy being a p olice
officer," says Harvey.
* * *
WHERE THEY ARE NOW, AND
jonathan miller
WERE THEN DEPT: Roger Wil-
ner, the articulate young Demo-
cratic voter registration worker on
campus here, has a star-studded
political history.
It seems Roger, in his student
days at Stanford University 'in
1969, "stage-managed" the can-
didacy of one Vicky Drake for stu-
dent council.
Drake, you may recall, was the
"topless" candidate for that body
and her campaigning, elaborately
arranged by Wilner, consisted of
what might be called a d a n c e
routine in a number of fraternity
houses.
Despite Drake's ample talent,
she failed to capture a seat.
hL
-Daily-Torn Gottlieb
Postel and the "Democratic ma-
chine" in the primary. The Repub-
licans, they speculate, "have no
chance."
Perhaps more realistically, oth-
er observers are saying that Harv-
ey will win the Democratic p r 1-
mary with heavy Republican sup-
port.
More fundamentally, however,
the sheriff himself seems cogni-
zant of his new electoral situation.
Recently he has seemingly adopt-
ed a new personal image, includ-
Lookingforard
5 more Dicky years
By CARLA RAPOPORT
WE'VE ONLY GOT thirteen months to go, so we'd better start facing
it today.
Richard Nixon will win next fall's election and will be president
until 1976.
He'll clean himself up, get a new running mate, change his suit
and his ad man to become the New and Improved Nixon.
And even today, it's plain to see that N.I. Nixon will outdistance
the Democrats narrowly but neatly.
Look: McGovern started too early, Humphrey's a pickled old has-
been, Kennedy lost it long ago, Lindsay's too new and slippery, and
who is Edmund Muskie anyway?
And even if Muskie (today's best looker) does get the nomination
and strong party support, don't forget George Wallace and his ever-
faithful flock. Good old George will divide up the votes and send Dick
right back to his favorite pillared abode. /
. Reticent Reemer Tyson, the southerner who iwrites politics for
the Detroit Free Press has laid it on the line. "It'll be a close race be-
tween Muskie and Nixon, with Nixon losing Michigan. But Nixon
will win."
Indeed, let the war wind down and the economy wind up and
Nixon will be welcomed back. Think about it now before it sneaks
up on you next fall.
We semi-consciously gave electoral politics one last chance when
Nixon was elected in '68. We were in high school then. That was be-
fore Kent State, the Soledad Brothers, the Pentagon Papers, the Ber-
rigan Brothers, Mayday, ad infinitum. But it was after LBJ won on
a peace ticket to then hideously transform into a warmonger.
BUT NOW WE can vote. Now we can have some say. Neverthe-
less, I feel more powerless than before. Being a non-voter we could
stand outside and scream.
Now we're inside, and with one quick raise of the hand, we were
numbered into the multitudinous tanks of the registered. Now we
can channel our wishes into the single sweep of those levers, once
each spring and once each fall.
Our obligations to express our opinions has been automatically
and neatly packaged for us into two simple time slots. So shut up,
4
messa. .........