INDEPENDENT OFFSPRING OF 'U':

ISR: Researchhaven on
(Continued from Page 1)

independence.
"THE INSTITUTE has to pay for its
6wn business offices, accounting ser-
vices, library, mail and messenger ser-
vices, and personnel unit," said Wessel.
"We have to make our own way," he
says, "and not become a drain on
University funds. If we cannot bring in
revenue, we go put of business."
In addition, Wessel notes, Institute
service units which charge costs for
their services, such as the duplicating
and computing centers as well as the
publishing house, have to be com-
petitive with commercial services in
the area.
"EACH OF THESE things has to
break even," he says. "Like a business,
we have to be cost competitive."
While ISR is not part of any depar-
tment or school at the University,
almost all staff researchers have
teaching positions in social science
departments, granting them dual
citizenship.
Tenure is granted for senior resear-
chers at ISR, even if the individualis a
tenured faculty member at the Univer-
sity. Salaries are paid by the Univer-
sity, and combined into one paycheck
for those who work for both institutions.
BECAUSE OF the staff size of ISR,
Juster says the number of positions
availble allows junior members to
move up if they can prove themselves.
"In other places, there are only so
few spots for so many people who want
them, but here there's more
flexibility," he adds.
Another distinction which sets ISR
apart from the rest of the University is.
funding. Research program directors
are responsible for coming up with the
money needed to continue their own
projects.
"ONE CHANGE in the last ten years
has been that private funds and agen-
cies seem to be making less and less
resources available to us," notes
Wessel.
"Consequently, we are becoming un-
comfortably dependent on the federal
government," he says..
Juster points out that a closer look at
President Carter's proposed federal
budget gives a good indication that fun-
ds will not dry up and force projects on-
to the shelves.'
"CARTER ASKED Congress to look
at, a more modest growth rate for the
next year," he says, "but even he
agrees that not nearly enough has been
spent on research in the past. So, we do
not expect to suffer from budget cuts as
compared to other areas."
Funding, he claims, is in fact up
compared to last year. "The two agen-
cies that we depend upon most heavily
for funding, the National Science Foun-
dation and the National Institute for
Mental Health, are receiving a larger
share of funds themselves," he says.
The director also points out that
Congress could change all that and
"chop Carter's budget all to hell."
Indications are that that will not
occur and, at worst, research will con-
tinue on at the present level.
TRAM,SWEET TRAM
NELSPRUIT, South Africa (AP)-
There's no place like home when you
live in a tram, say Mr. and Mrs. P.
Pretourius.
Fifteen years before retiring, the
couple bought the upper trains of two
vehicles made of Burmese teak.
At first serving as a temporary ac-
commodation until a retirement home
was built, the trams now form part of
the house.

"IF THAT IS so," Juster says, "our
prospects are good. However, it's still a
very uncertain world."
"People who make this place go," he
explains, "are people who have opted
on the uncertainty that they will be able
to generate funds by their own merits.
Working here has both gains and losses.
Scrambling for funds is not fun by any
means.
"We have less time to be reflective,
and there is continuous pressure to
maintain projects with a current.
relevance.. Funding agencies want
results that can be used, and now,"
Juster says.
UNLIKE OTHER organizations or
departments controled by hierarchies,
ISR has only two administrators, who
oversee the entire Institute, Juster and
Wessel. The Institute is a decentralized

operation, lealving the individual
program directors a great deal of
leeway for project design, funding, and
implementation.
Juster describes his job as "filling in
the chinks when things aren't being
done that should, in my opinion, be
done. But basic project decisons-like
experiment design-he says are made
by the approximately 35 project direc-
tors.
These directors are responsible to the
Institute for gathering funds for
research, and are ultimately respon-
sible for the quality and accuracy of
their studies.
These clusters of social scientists
spend their time recording what other

camp us
people think, according to Juster.
"One of the distinctions of a social
scientist," he says, "is that he rarely
generates his own observations. An
astronomer, for example, might look
into a telescope, record what he sees,
and that's the jist of his research."
The social scientists, on the other
hand, is an observer of observations,
and to Juster "that's what makes ISR
what it is."
Tomorrow: A look at the four
research centers, their directors,
their senior researchers, and their
projects.

The Michigan Ddily-Thursday, February 15, 1979-Pagde9
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