WI]L WITHDRAW ALL PEACE CORPS VOLUNTEERS:
U.S. cuts aid to Nicaragua
The Michigan Daily-Friday, February 9, 1979-Page 5
r-
WAINGTON (AP) - The Carter
admistration, retaliating against
Nicarua's rejection of mediation ef-
forts, mounced yesterday a cutback
in 'eciomic aid to the Central
=Amerin country and a withdrawal of
all Pee Corps volunteers..
The S. embassy staff in Managua is
being t in half and no new assistance
progras will even be considered until
Presidt Anastasio Somoza shows in-
terest permitting internationally
superved elections, State Department
spokesan Hodding Carter said.
BUTESPITE the actions against
the Sinoza government, the ad-
minisition steered clear of a com-
plete lak with Nicaragua.
Malicio Solauri, the; U.S. am-
bassair, will remain at his post, and
two ofoing loan programs will be con-
tinuec "since they are aimed at the
basic eds of the poor," Carter said.
Meators from the United States,
Guatnala and the Dominican
Repulc had called on Somoza to per-
mit - internationally supervised
plebiste of his long-term rule.
Oppients of Somoza went along with
the pl - partly because it could have
ended s rule - but the general rejec-
ted it.
"Th unwillingness of the
Nicarajan government to accept the
group' proposals, the prospects for
reneweviolence and the human rights
situatic in Nicaragua unavoidably af-
fected e kind of relationship we can
mainta with this government," said
the U.S nnouncement.
aSPOESMAN CARTER
acknowdged that the mediation effort
had reated a dead end. But he said the
United ates was willing to try con-
ciliationgain if the situation changed.
In theteantime, in behalf of the U.S.
governnnt, he urged all sides to avoid
further rife. "We wQuld deplore any
outbreabf terrorism or violence from
any sours," he said.
Since bt September, civilians led by
the Sajinista Liberation Front
guerrillahave engaged in clashes with
Nationalluard troops. A major goal of
the admistration in supporting a
mediatesolution was to avert a wider
conflict.
PANAMA AND Venezuela have
called for Somoza's resignation. They
are reported to have aided the San-
dinistas.
There is some question whether the
actions taken by the administration will
be considered by anti-Somoza gover-
nments to be more than just a slap on
the wrist.
They had urged the administration to
use all the diplomatic weapons at its
disposal to force Somoza to stand aside
and allow free elections in" his tiny coun-
try.
Anti-Somoza forces in the World
Bank and the International Monetary
Fund, at the instigation of the United
States, have refused to consider
requests' from Somoza for loans of
about $66 million.
THE STEPS TAKEN by
ministration against the
government are these:
the ad-
Somoza
The Universify of Michigan SchoolofPublic Health
M cig dPbaThe ouncil for Environmental Programs
present
SE NA TOR E DMU ND MUSK IE
A N TC r ED MUND rspeaking on
'A Question of Balance: Environmental Hazards, Environmental Regulati'ons"'
A question anid answer period will follow
.7
* Withdrawal of a four-man U.S.
military assistance team and a formal
termination of military aid programs
that had been suspended already on
human rights grounds.
* No consideration to be given new
economic aiO programs, although loans
totaling about $30 million, already in
the pipeline, will not be stopped.
* Withdrawal of the 21 Peace Corps
volunteers from Nicaragua.
* Reducing the number of U.S. em-
bassy employees by 11.
* Withdrawing another 11 official
Americans who work for the Agency for
International Development.
1;
.
Y
K
Ali. '..
Rackham Auditorium 8 P.M.
OPEN TO THE PUBLIC
Feb. 14, 1979
I
4'
x wt,
U. of*Chicago professor
discusses energy costs
1 */
By LEE KATTERMAN
A University of Chicago professor
demonstrated a mathematical
model he and his colleagues have
developed which examines the
social costs of energy policy to about
75 people at the chemistry depar-
tment's weekly colloquium last
night.
Public Policy Professor Thomas
Long explained the model, called
Total Social Costs Analysis, or
TOSCA, which is used to impute
social costs of meeting the energy
needs of a particular region. TOSCA
is the subject of a book Long co-
authored with Linda Gains and R.
Stephen Barry.'
USING A TOSCA-based computer
program which manipulates values
for economic and social costs,
various graphs and tables can be
developed to answer questions about
the relative costs of either fossil or
nuclear fuels.
Long admitted there are factors
with which his model cannot deal,
such as political forces in the energy
policy debate. He said he hopes his
work will help make public policy
decisions less susceptible to the
"social manipulations of
illegitimate science."
During his speech, which was en-
titled, "TOSCA: Total Social Costs
of Nuclear and Coal-Fired Power,"
Long used a number of example
calculations based on his model to
argue that quantitative economic
projections could be a useful public
policy tool.
CURRENTLY LONG works with
the Resource Policy Group at the
University of -Chicago. Combining
his Ph.D in chemistry and the
economics he studied at the Univer-
sity, Long now researches the public
policy implications of technology.
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[aiwan security still
fContinued from Page 1)
preferredto maintain official ties but
the propoed new relationship "is ac-
ceptable o 'laiwan as well as our-
selves."
Under criticl questioning by mem-
bers of a ente appropriations sub-
committee, 'ance said, "We've
already reachd agreement for it (the
institute), an their counterpart in-
stitute as wellind we have every ex-
pectation that 6th will be able to open
March 1."
The State )epartment had said
without such a agreement the United
States would b unableto deliver defen-
sive arms toraiwan after March 1.
Some disruptin in trade would also be
likely, official said.
THE FORIGN relations panel is
also , strugping with wording of
legislation kassure Taiwan's security
from possi* military threats from the
mainland.
A draft proposal before the commit-
tee woule commit U.S. forces in the
western Rcific to "resist armed attack
and othe forms of external activities
that wald jeopardize" Taiwan's
security
Sen. ]rank Church (D-Idaho) com-
mittee hairman, said he will seek to
delay fill Senate confirmation of Wood-
cock uitil the panel has voted on the
Taiwan legislation.
EAILIER, committee sources said
seniorRepublicans and Democrats on
the Freign Relations Committee had
reached a compromise on wording for a
Taiwan security resolution.
Chureh and Sens. Jacob Javits, (R-
N.Y.), nd Howard Baker, (R-Tenn.),
agreed sn legislation declaring that any
attack against Taiwan would be con-
sidered "a common danger to the peace
and security of the people of Taiwan
and the bnited States in the western
Pacific," he sources said.
Furthernore, the resolution says, the
United Sates will maintain enough
military orce in the western Pacific
"to resisarmed attack and other for-
ms of etternal activities that would
jeopardise the territorial and functional
integrityof Taiwan."
COMMITTEE sources said they ex-
pected tie Carter administration would
object to that language on the Taiwan
issue, which has been growing as a
congressional threat to the President's
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China policy.
Deputy Secretary of State Warren
Christopher has said there is no need
for any congressional action on
Taiwan's security. Any legislation that
threatens the new relationship with
Peking would likely be vetoed,
Christopher said.
In his testimony, Woodcock, who has'
key issue
headed the U.S. liaison office in Peking
for two years, acknowledged that the
United States would provide Taiwan
with defense weapons to strengthen its
negotiating position with Peking.
Woodcock said Peking's present
policy of peace toward Taiwan will con-
tinue even after Vice Premier Teng
Hsiao-ping is no longer in power.
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