P age 4-Sunday, September 24, 1978--The Michigan Daily
e
SO-OKING


BACK

THE WEEK IN REVIEW

the anti-spying conference
It is fitting that the University
Orovides the setting for the first
$ational Organizing Conference to Stop
government Spying.
0The conference is occuring amidst an
environment of awakening conscious-
aess as students and faculty try to
veigh the role of intelligence gathering
4gencies on campus.
On the first day of the conference
embers of the Campaign to Stop
0overnment Spying released docu-
ents that revealed a California based
atelligence collection unit has dissem-
pia ted information on the lawful
-litical activity of several persons to a
4tional network of police agencies.
PRick Gutman, an attorney,
d scovered eight copies of Law
I forcement Intelligence Unit (LEIU)
records after he was granted access to
files of the Chicago Police Depart-
rient's Subversive Unit.r
#Gutman, who appeared at a press
nference in Detroit on Friday, said
ly 10 per cent of the 250 file cards he
d access to involved clearly political
cumentation of legal political
tivity.
}Ail eight copies were compiled
sometime between 1971 and 1976. They
low that surveillance has been
ndueted on individuals with no or
united arrest records.
-Two of the cards contain no
rferences to arrests or criminal
ativity. One other subject had been
arested for "wearing a disguise" while
a fourth was arrested for. "tdaching
criminal syndicalism," "banding
cagether" and abandoning an automo-
:'I'he constitution of the LEIU
ecifically limits the group to
processing information about
"organized crime."
aBut CSGS spokespersons insist the
IU definition of organized crime was
oadened in 1971 to include potential
rorists.
LEIU National Chairman Steve
rtucelli denied the organization is
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interested in "compiling political dos-
siers." He said the files kept on in-
dividuals were "pointers" and "in-
dicators" that further information was
available on the individual.
Bertucelli refused to comment on
what the further information might
include.
CSGS Chairman Morton Halperin
specifically condemned LEIU's status
as a "private organization." Thatr
status keeps the LEIU immune to
federal Freedom Of Information Act
requests and state open record laws.
Greene on ballot
Second Ward Democratic Council-
man Earl Greene has finally gotten his
name on the November ballot. The
Michigan Court of Appeals ordered the
State Board of Canvassers to follow
Attorney General Frank Kelley's ruling
and place Greene on the ballot.
The canvassers had originally ruled
Greene could not officially run for
Congress because some of the

signatures his campaign had collected
were illegible and many people had
failed to identify their place of
residency.
But the Councilman, whose ward
contains the largest student voter
registration of any city ward, had his
staff research the state's election code.
Greene's staff turned up conflicting
requirements for candidate
registration.
One 'portion of the code says a
candidate needs at least 15 per cent of
the party's vote in the primary to be
placed on the -fall ballot. Another
portion says a potential candidate only
needs the plurality of the write-in votes.
Kelley opted for the more lenient
provision and ordered the Canvassers
to put Greene's name on the ballot. The
canvassers refused and Greene filed
suit. The court concluded the
Canvassers had overstepped their
jurisdiction in overruling the Attorney
General.
Greene, who will now face one-term
Congressman Carl Pursell, a
Republican, in the November election,
persistently charged the Republicans
with intentionally blocking his way to
the ballot slot.
Purselrs aides and the Republican
members of the Board of Canvassers
denied Greene's charges.
presidential tea
Well, the Flemings opened their
house for the annual tea and no one said
anything interesting.
The. students who came talked about
everything from the weather to
television but no one mentioned ever
escalating tuition costs or the
University's problem convincing the
state legislature to boost appropria-
tions for higher education.
But the Flemings were gracious hosts
at their final annual tea.
"These occasions go through cycles,"
President Fleming said. "They used to
come to steal the cookies now they
come to see the house."
"When we first came to the
University, the atmosphere at these

gatherings was very different,"
observed Sally Fleming. "The kids
weren't terribly excited about being
here."
l
'U'recruits outstate
The University's athletic program
has always had a reputation for being
one of the finest recruiting outfits in the
country. Now the academicians have
begun an intensive recruitment
program of their own.
Concern over the declining academic
calibre of incoming students has
prompted the admissions office to seek
out talented out of state high school
seniors.
It is the first such recruitment
program in the history of the
University.
"It is very important that this
University should attract the 'blue
chippers' of the academic world," said
admissions director Clifford Sjogren.
"It is also true that the quality of our
out-of-state students has been dropping
steadily."
.The University's difficulty in
attracting high level scholars is due to
high tuition fees for non-residents. The
tuition for non-residents at the
University is within 10 per cent of rates
at Ivy League schools.
The admissions office will attract out-
of-state students through loans and
. merit scholarships. The office, through
alumni associations throughout the
country, will also increase visits to high
schools.
The Admissions Office has received
limited funding from the University to
finance the effort.
Although the Admissions Office has
mounted a recruiting push for more
qualified students outside of Michigan
Sjogren emphasized the new push
would only be a small portion of an
overall recruitment scheme.
"Ninety per cent of our efforts are
still, devoted to recruiting in-state
students because they make up the vast
majority of our undergraduate
enrollment."

GIN

Contact your reps
Sen. Donald Riegle (Dem.), 1205 Dirksen Bldg., Washington,
D.C.20510
, Sen. Robert Griffin (Rep.), 353 Russell Bldg., Capitol Hill,
Washington, D.C. 20515
Rep. Carl Pursell (Rep.), 1709 Longworth House Office Bldg.,
Washington, D.C. 20515
Sen. Gilbert Bursley (Rep.), Senate, State Capitol Bldg., Lan-
sing, MI 48933
Rep. Perry Bullard (Dem.), House of Representatives, State
Capitol Bldg., Lansing, MI 48933

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hie Et4,ch! ZUn:1 aZflIQ

Anxious world leaders await
Japan's military resurgence

Eighty-Nine Years of Editorial Freedom : 2
VQI., UX,. No. 16 News"Phone: 764-0552

Edited and managed by students at the University of Michigan

_

South African Prime Minister John
OJorster announced last Wednesday he,
will leave the powerful post he has held
or the last 12 years. We are not sorry
Io see Mr. Voster leave.
But even as Mr. Vorster breathed the
0ords of his & signation, he took the
opportunity to reaffirm for the world
tat he and his government have no in-
terest in justice and democracy. The
p3-year-old prime minister, who at-
Iributed his retirement to ill health,
announced that South Africa had rejec-
ked the United Nations plan to super-
wise elections in Namibia or South-
West Africa.
The U.N. plan would provide a 7,500
' eace-keeping force for one year in
amibia during which free elections
vould be held. But Mr. Vorster said he
ound the plan "totally unacceptable."
although he said "the South African
government does not wish to close
oors" on further negotiations with the
J.N. or Western powers, Mr. Vorster
eclared that they "cannot allow this
mpasse to continue indefinitely."
-Namibia, the new name for South-
West Africa, is undergoing the tran-
sition to majority rule. The country
was placed under the protection of
South Africa directly after World War
I. But ,since 1946 the U.N. has, to no
avail, urged South Africa to relinquish
its strangle hold over that country and
its economy. South ,Africa, however,

has consistently opposed 'the South-
West African People's Organization
(SWAPO)-a group the U.N. has
recognized as the legitimate represen-
tative of Namibia's black majority.
South Africa has labeled SWAPO as
communist. Vorster's government has
refused to accept the U.N. plan on the
premise that SWAPO would become a
powerful force in the government if
elections were held without South
African supervision.
The South African government is
backing the moderate Democratic
Turnhalle Alliance, a coalition of
tribal and ethnic groups also supported
by white Namibians.
These facts confirm the widely held
belief that South Africa, and its
systematic approach to racial
segregation and discrimination, will
never change-at least peacefully, or
until South Africa is faced with
economic sanctions.
Mr. Vorster's retirement could have
ieant the beginning of a free
Namibia-unfortunately, it will not.
Mr. Vorster's retirement could have
meant changes in South Africa-unfor-
tunately, it will not. Those now vying
for the prime minister's post have
shown that they are from the same
mold that formed Mr. Vorster. They
would be just as reluctant to change
and just as impervious to world-wide
censure for their racist actions as he
was.

Much of the world awaits
Japan's threatened military
resurgence in the same way
people look forward to fires: with
a mixture of fear and fascination.
But the real danger is probably
not a putsch by a small clique of
militarists. Instead it is the
government's commitment to
developing an independent
nuclear energy program which
as a by-product could soon
produce hundreds of plutonium
bombs a year.
Two U.S. government reports
recently made public conclude
that there is a genuine chance of
Japan acquiring nuclear
weapons in the 1980s.
U.S. Navy and Air Force
intelligence officials are quoted
in one of the reports as seeing a
"strong chance that Japan's
leaders will conclude that they
must have nuclear weapons if
they are to achieve their nation's
objectives in the developing
Asian power balance."
A SECOND REPORT made for
the Pentagon by the Stanford
Research Institute concludes that
one option might be for the
United States to provide "active
cooperation and assistance. . . to
prevent Japan from moving
away from the U.S."
The Japanese government
itself emphatically denied any
intention to build nuclear
weapons. Foreign Minister Sunai
Sonoda reiterated last spring that
the nuclear Non-Proliferation
Treaty prohibits Japan from
acquiring nuclear weapons.
Other influential policy analysts
are even more emphatic in their
opposition to any nuclear
.development.
"We're vulnerable and we
know it," argues Makoto Momoi,
-a prominent professor at the
National Defense College in
Tokyo. "Acquiring nuclear
weapons only increases Japan's
chances of being obliterated.
Without weapons of that sort,
Japan need not be a target for
anyone else's either."
If Momoi and even the Foreign

By Roger Gale
"Acquiring nuclear weapons only increases
Japan s chances of being obliterated. With-
out weapons of that sort, Japan need not
be a target for anyone else's either."

-Makoto Momoi


Japan's top military men toward
nuclear weapons as an image
builder for a nation no longer
secure that the U.S. will always
come to its rescue.
REGARDLESS OF her
leaders' intentions, Japan is
accumulated in its light water
reactors-all built with American
and British assistance.
By 1990 the Ministry of
International Trade and Industry
projects that 60,000 megawatts of
electricity will be generated in
nuclear plants. If those
projections are met, Japan could
build as many as 1,000 bombs a
year.
Japan now has capacity to
produce 7,994 megawatts of
electricity through nuclear
reactors, the second largest
capacity in the world. Plans for
new reactors have been delayed
by loacl opposition groups, but
the government and utilities are
still intent on making nuclear the
single largest source of power in
Japan by the year 2000.
THE IRON IN the American
suspicion over Japan'sa nuclear
intentions lies in the fact that the
United States has supplied most .
of the essential technology. The
U.S. sold Japan 13 of its 14
operating power reactors plus
another 13 now under
construction. The U.S. has also
sold Japan a number of weapons
systems designed, among other
things, to deliver nuclear

already quite capable of building
crude heavy nuclear weapons on
short notice-perhaps in six
months time. Building an
armada of sophisticated,
compact and reliable weapons
could take up to 10 years.
Besides official U.S. military
analyses, a new report issued by
the Ford Foundation estimates
that by 1985 Japan could build
about 300 plutonium bombs a
year from the spent fuel
the Japan Atomic Power Co. says
it could be done for about $4
billion a year over 10 years. The
government already spends well
over $1 billion a year on nuclear
R and D. The 1,000 megawatt
reators now being built, each of

which carries a $1 billion price
tag, are not ideal for producing
bomb-grade plutonium but at
normal output they can
manufacture about 200 kilograms
of plutonium ayear, enough for
about 20 bombs.
Scenarios abound about what
Japan could gain or risk by
acquiring nuclear arms: Whethe
Japan ever takes action will
depend on how much credibility
the U.S. r'etains in Japanese
eyes-and on what Taiwan and
South Korea achieve in their
campgains to develop nuclear
capability.
It also depends on what the
people, of Japan say about
their country's military policy. A
Japanese Defense Agency
official says bluntly, "we have to
hope people don't find out what is
going on." He says that not
because thee are secret doings-
there is no evidence that any
clandestine bomb research or
development is being
conducted-but because a sense
of growing insecurity in policy-
making circles could be catching
and lead to an alarmist response
* * *
Roger Gale is a Japanese-
based journalist who writes
for the Asian Wall Street Jour-
nal and Pacific News Service.

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