'age 8--Friday, September 15, 1978-The Michigan Daily Fleming bucks protest years; ati (Continued from Page 1) the Michigan post, and even stalled on an offer from the University of Min- nesota to await a decision here. His interest in the University presidency was more of a factor than one might expect. At the time, several qualified persons including at least two of the five finalists for the position, ex- pressed little or no desire for the past. WITH FLEMING at the helm, several changes from the Hatcher tenure were immediately apparent. He made himself available to students, and encouraged them to express their views. In fact, he even sided with the student protestors on several key issues, most notably his anti-war stance and his approval of the concept of a non- voting student Regent. His first year passed with little incident, and Regen- ts, faculty and students alike seemed pleased with Fleming's performance. All sides felt they could communicate with him, and his expertise in labor negotiations made him the perfect mediator between the University and the students. But by fall 1968 the OPEN TONIGHT 'til 1 A.M. " Billiards * Pinball and * Bowling at the UNION campus was restless and dissatisfied, and it was then that Fleming faced his first real test. , ON SEPTEMBER 6, an Aid to Dependent Children (ADC) sit-in of 900 students on the Diag resulted in the arrest of 52, welfare mothers and a number of students. Fleming authorized the use of the University's bail fund and effected the release of 22 University students from Washtenaw County Jail. This use of University funds to free protesters must have shocked students who had been used to the methods of Fleming's conservative predecessor. The timing of Fleming's action is particularly significant since the summer of 1968 had been a particularly violent one on college campuses,, most notably Berkeley and Columbia. Few university presidents were even openly sympathetic to students much less as supportive as Fleming. ALTHOUGH the first Vietnam teach- in on this campus was held in 1965, the first significant and violent protest did not occur until the fall of 1969. When students returned to campus in September of that year, protests over the Reserve Officer Training Corps (ROTC) on campus were organized. In light of the violent 1968 campus disruptions across the nation, there was a general feeling among establishment leaders that this was a time to get tough with protesters. Violence on college campuses was considered the work of "effete political snobs," by then-Vice- President Spiro Agnew. In the first weeks of September, a group of anti-ROTC students systematically disrupted ROTC classes OFFICE OF CAMPUS LIFE PRESENTS IN CONCERT THURSDAY, September 21 -8 PM Pease Auditorium, Eastern Michigan University by walking in and engaging students and instructors in debate about the Vietnam War. As the protest grew in intensity, Fleming reacted with less and less empathy. WITHIN FIVE days in the second week of September Fleming had: " Suggested faculty members who strike against the Vietnam War may be disciplined and denied a day's pay; " Told Student Government Council (the forerunner of Michigan Student Assembly) it had better forget plans to disrupt the forthcoming Regents' meeting; " Made it clear that he, and not his search committee, would make the final choice of the new vice-president for student affairs; " And warned ROTC protesters they would be prosecuted in the courts as well as slapped with University discipline. Fleming's style had definitely changed from soft-spoken quiet persuasion to hard line "Don't give an inch." But why? The year before, while anti-war protesters clashed with college administrators and police, Ann Arbor was a place of remarkable calm - unusual considering this University fostered some of the most radical Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) members. For his first two years at the University Fleming had built a national reputation as a mild mediator. The Daily reported at that time that sources close to the president said he felt that he had finally solidified a power base and built a firm campus, state and national reputation. No longer a weak, new, cautious president under close public scrutiny, Fleming felt he could afford to battle campus demonstrators out in the open - and win. At the same time that anti-ROTC students were organizing their protests, another more important conflict was coming to a head.. One of the early demands of the SDS had been for a University-operated bookstore. Students wanted the 'Regents to establish a bookstore which Would sell books and supplies at cost - or at least at a much lower rate than Ulrich's or Follett's received. ANN ARBORt bookstores had lobbied hard against the student-sponsored project and had for years convinced the Regents to vote it down. But by 1969 this University was one of the last remaining colleges in the country not to have at least some sort of bookstore for students and faculty. On September 19, 1969, more than 700" students amassed on the Diag to show their support for a student bookstore. The students then marched to the Administration Building and disrupted the monthly Regents' meeting in progress. Nearly 200 students jammed the miniscule Regents' Room and voiced their demand for a student-managed bookstore. The Regents had finally approved a bookstore but it was to be managed by the University's chief financial officer Wilbur Pierpont. LIKE TO SING? Be in the chorus of magnificent musical production: Johann Strauss' GYPSY BARON No experience necessary-just desire. Join us at a meeting Wed., Sept. 20, 7:30 pm at the Conference Room of the New Fire Station, corner Huron and Fifth. THE COMIC OPERA GUILb For further info: 665-6074 Jniversity (Interesting to note on that day: Fleming spoke out against the Vietnam War - that night on the same stage with Rennie Davis, and SDS founder and one of the "Chicago Seven" before a crowd of 5,000 at Hill Auditorium.) Just five days later during a nighttime rally, about 60 students occupied the ROTC building while more than 2,000 protesters amassed outside North Hall to lend more support. As the night wore on, the supporters outside dwindled and 200 deputies from four counties moved in with Ann Arbor police and arrested the demonstrators. OVER THE next few days there were additional anti-ROTC protests and sit- ins and bookstore protests. But on September 25, the wave building for nearly a month on campus finally hit a concrete wall. Six hundred students occupied the LSA Building in the afternoon. By 2 a.m. the next day, a few more than 100 remained to keep an all-night vigil, despite a court injunction ordering the students to leave. The students demanded to meet with the Regents with 24 hours to discuss the terms of the just-approved student bookstore management. -Nearly 1,000 students remained outside the building in support of those inside. Meanwhile, Washtenaw County Sheriff Douglas Harvey had said he amassed a force of more than 10Q deputies to handle the disturbance. But Fleming first tried to deal with the demonstrators. Harvey took a dim view of Fleming's moves and began withdrawing his men. "I have had it with that type of appeasement. If they want police action, all they have to do is ask for it," said Harvey. "I'm not standing by all night with 100 men, most of them on overtime, while Fleming plays footsie with some radicals." In the most dramatic and often criticized move of his career at the University, Fleming loosed the leash on Harvey and requested him to clear the building. One-hundred-and-seven students were arrested and at least seven were injured by the police: Charges of police brutality were ram, pant. Fleming later said it was the whole series of protests on campus which in- fluenced his decision. He said the students' decision to ignore the injuction forced him to make "the agonizing decision" to call in the police. He said he made very effort to persuade police not to use excessive force but added that he had "no- authority over the police." BUT FLEMING was under pressure from all quarters-Regents, other ad- ministrators, faculy, city and state of-, ficials-to be firm with the demo- strators. On the night of the "Bookstore Strike" Fleming conferred with Ann. Arbor Mayor Robert Harris and Governor William Milliken before calling in Sheriff Harvey. The bookstore strike set the mood for all further student relations with Fleming and the Regents throughout the anti-war years. Put while the students learned something about Fleming, the president learned much about the destructive effect police force could have on the University com- munity. The next time Fleming confronted Sheriff Harvey, the president was on the students' side. TOMORROW: The South University riots and the seventies. In the United States, more than 50 million acres of land are irrigated, many of them with water pumped from" underground. TOM PETTY and THE HEARTBREAKERS and WALTER EGAN TICKETS $6.00 Advance $6.50 Day of Show on sale now at the McKinney, Warehouse Records, Huckleberry Party Store, Schoolkids Records (Ann Arbor) A SON OF BAMBOO PRODUCTION Texas Instrument CALCULATORS and accessories IN STOCK- r_ SPECIAL thru Oct. 31, 1978 Buy a TI-58 Advanced Pro- grammabale Calculator with plug in solid state software modules or a TI-59 Super Powerful Card Programmable with solid state software modules and receive a $12.95 Programming Guidebook FREE from TI. k Texas Instruments P,-4 58 SPECIAL $5.00 Rebate (offer good thru Oct. 31st) Buy a TI-57 Programmable slide-rule calculator and receive a $5.00 rebate from Texas Instrument after pur- chase. Suda.49rinoo ilton Disco Light Show 3 pm Till Ten Reasons to Party on Sunday at 3 p.m. 1. If you're still going strong from Saturday evening and want to test your endurance. 2. If you over partied on Friday and missed Saturday entirely. 3. If you feel like going out on Sunday and still want to see Monday. TI-57 Programmable ULRICH'S GUARANTEE- If you buy a calculator from Ulrich's and within two weeks find the same unit advertised at a lower price, ULRICH'S will ,refund the difference in price if competition has the unit in 4. If your weekend went down the drain and you want one more chance. 5. If you dislike seeing people have a good time and insist on irritating yourself. 6. If you had to work on Saturday evening and feel left out. 7. If you are over 18 and are worried about the drinking age going up. 8. If your social routine is booked solid and the only opening you have is 3 pm Sunday.