regal Aspect of Television Quiz 'Fixes 'Exp lore6 T(EDITOR'S NOTE: BertSugar, a senior in law school, won $8,500 on TcTac Dough's afternoon edition, to be come the second highest money winner on daytime television at that time. In addition, he interviewed for "21" and "The $64,000 Question.") By BERT R. SUGAR Charles Revson, president of the Revlon Cosmetic Company, has written certain memos to his advertising agency, Batten, Barton, Durstine and Osborn, instructing them to take certain contestants off of the "$64,000 Question," and to keep others on the program. These memoranda are now within the files of the House sub- committee investigating quiz shows, and open many avenues of thought. Initially, it must be asked, "Who fixes quiz shows?" If the above example is the standard operating 'procedure of sponsors, then those searching for a scapegoat upon whom they can heap the blame have found their quarry. However, the advertising agencies behind both "Tic-Tac-Dough" and "Twenty-One" have publicly disavowed any knowledge of the supposed rigging of these shows, and the sponsors1 have loudly denied their own implications. Networks Questioned Perchance, then, we could turn the accusing, finger in the direc- tion of the networks. One executive said that they had "suspected" a possible fix on the shows, but "like the husband of an infidel wife, had refused to believe that it could possibly be." Therefore, if we accept silence as condonation, the networks must remain highly sus- pect, for their indiscretion of failing to clean house sooner. But, this might not apply to each and every television quiz show, for some, in the eyes of the network officials, were as far from reproach as Caesar's wife. The producers seem, as a corps to be implicated in some manner. Already Howard Felscher, producer of both daytime and nightime "'Tic-Tac-Dough" programs has testified that 75 per cent of the nighttime shows were "rigged," and that most of the shows after 1958 were produced with promotional tongue in cheek. Howard Fried- man, producer of "Twenty-One," came back from Mexico to testify that his program has also seen the blight of the rig. No longer safe behind a veil of silence, lest he be branded a "Fifth-Amendment Quiz show rigger," Dan Enright came forth and volunteered his testimony to the committee, stating that he had coached contestants on all of his shows, save "Concentration," and that the things he did not necessarily do on his own, he condoned as the acts of his assistants. Shows Called 'Rigged' Now, with the evidence before us, there can remain no doubt that the quiz shows were "rigged," and we can even, like Joseph R. Mc- Carthy, name names. But, with all of this information, and the further testimony that Oren Harris' subcommittee will elicit from both willing and unwilling witnesses, a second question presents itself: "What can be done about it?" If, as in the opening example of Charles Revson, controlling, conducting and cajoling those in charge of the show and the show itself, serves as an indicator of the practices of the industry and the species named "quiz shows," then we could call the practice simply a new method of advertising. For advertising as defined by most text- books is "Any paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods, or services by an identified sponsor." Proceeding along this trend of thinking then, we arrive at the conclusion that not just the five minutes of commercials throughout the show, but the entire show itself was an advertisement, paid for by the sponsor for the stimulation of sales. Seemingly, then, the problem of restraint and control lies with those in the advertising field and not necessarily those in the communications field. FCC Currently Concerned The Federal Communications Commission has been the govern- mental agency most concerned with the present investigations. Cur- rently no FCC regulation has been breached and the investigations are now being pursued for the primary reason of inquiring into the possibility of establishing new regulations to make just such "shenani- gans" illegal in the future, and whether new laws are needed to crack down on fixed shows. However, the networks must appear, periodically, before the FCC to apply for a renewal of their licenses; and if the FCC were led to believe that any network has actively participated in the "fixing" of quiz shows in an effort to maintain the high Neilson and Trendex ratings, then their application for a renewal of their license could justifiably be denied. But, this does not go to the question of whether any acts thus far perpetrated on the public have been of an illegal nature, nor to the point of personal criminal liability, other than making the networks suffer the burden of government ire for the wrongs of others. Chairman Earl W. Kintner of the Federal.Trade Commission has issued a statement warning the television industry that the FTC in the future might police quiz shows, if internal controls are not brought to bear. He, however, maintains that the FTC now lacks authority to move in on quiz shows. Show Advertisement Returning, once again, to the premise that the entire show is an advertisement, paid for by "an identified sponsor," then it could easily come within the province of FTC regulation. This especially applies to Revlon, or any other cosmetic or "drug or food manufacturer as defined in Section 15 of the Federal Trade Commission Act, and coming within the area called "false advertising." False advertising, as defined by the Act, includes, "An advertisement, other than label- ing, which is misleading in a material respect; and in determining whether any advertisement is misleading, there shall be taken into account . . . the extent to which the advertisement fails to reveal facts material in the light of such representations." See THE RESPONSIBILITIES, Page 4 .+... .. r. r a 'U' SHOULD ATTACK DISCRIMINATION4 See Page 4 Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom . ti1 CLOUDY, COOLER ]high--50 Low--40 Chance of light rain; Winds north to northwest. 4 ; VOL. LXX No.26 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 21, 1959 FIVE CENTS t ( , - SIX PAGES Brown Promises Needed unds Final Tribute As, State Defers ' Allotment To Pay.'U' Salaries If Others Also Met . Brown Comments State Cash Crisis Much More Serious Thain Last Year By PHILIP SHERMAN tI SW t C S p As long as other state payrolls are being met, so will thea University's, State Treasurer Sanford A. Brown said yesterday. Brown made the comment after a. meeting of the State Administrative Board which allocated no funds to any of the state universities. Vice-President for Business and Finance Wilbur K. Pier- pont went further than Brown; the University, he asserted, - will meet its payroll and other s - obligations "this month, next S Uite d . run month and each succeeding month." * But the promises were made Reports Gain against the background of a "cash crisis" that Brown characterized as being worse than last year's. The Ann Arbor area, United Cites Deficit Fund campaign: was reportedCieDfct reacing closeton35perentof Brown pointed to the present reaching close to 35 per cent of$96 million deficit and compared its $377,916 goal yesterday. it to last year's of $21 million as Robert Kirschbaum, director of evidence the situation was much the United Fund, said that the re-eigeniw sults of the first report meeting tighter now. held Monday.. show that the in- Sate Controller James W. Mil- dustrial division of the campaign ler said $70 million is owed to v a eachd60perce sadors, local governments and school the utilities division has already debt might reach $100 million. contributed 90 per cent of its goal, Public schools are owed $30 mil- and the special gifts division re- lion for this year plus $24 milion Port "substantal amofrom last year, State Superinten- per cent of its goal. dn fShosLn .Brlt "The other divisions are Just dent of Schools Lynn M. Bartlett getting started," he said. added. "Many of our solicitors are be- The administrative board did, "May o ou soiciorsarebe-however, allocate $41/'2 mllion, to ginning this week,"'Prof. Adam A. meet Thursday's state payroll in Christman, of the biological chem- addition to ovre $11/2 million for istry department and chairman other purposes, emptying the gen- of the University division of the United Fund, said. eral fund treasury. The. University is expected, to Needed Soon contributemore than$95,000,25 Brown said the universities had per cent of the total campaign told him that they would not need funds until Oct. 28; he added he goal. Prof. Christman reports "a nice hoped there would be enough cash start" with more than $5,500nal in the State Treasury at the time, ready pledged by members of the but declined to make a flat pre- Unversty. ddiction that there would. University. Sales and use tax collections paign beresdentia div n cam- should build up fast next week, 1,000 women volunteers will con- and we are very hopeful we can luct a door-to-door canvass of pay the universities, he continued. the'Ann Arbor area. At the moment, :the- University is operating with money from fees, but the usual policy is to Council Sets budget from the state allocation . and then fill the balance with Examination these monies. A State Supreme Court ruling f Il le B ook on the validity of the use tax would not affect income for Oc- tober, he said, since returns for The final section of the Regula- the month had to be mailed by ions Booklet will be discussed by October 15. Student Government Council at To Meet Tuesday its meeting at 7:30 p.m. today. The Administrative Board will The discussion will cover the meet again next Tuesday, and by concluding sections of the booklet then, a definite answer will be which are concerned with the rec., available, Brown added. >gnition of sororities and frater- If there is enough cash, the ilties and with disciplinary ac- universities will get their alloca- U.S. Attacks Red Tactics About Tibet' UNITED NATIONtS, N.Y. (A) - The United States y e s t e r d a y charged that the Communists were using strong words in an at- tempt to frighten the United Na- tions out of discussing the Tibetan Problem. United States Ambassador Hen- ry Cabot Lodge made the accusa- tion in the 82-nation General As- sembly after the Soviet Union had declared UN consideration of the issue was a shameful farce that would only aggravate the cold war. "We have been asked to believe that it is all right for Chinese Communists to kill Tibetans, but that it is a provocation for us .to talk about it," he declared. "This argument seems to us un- worthy of discussion. Vasily V. Kuznetsov, Soviet Deputy Foreign Minister, had de- clared the Assembly was being used to fan enmity and hatred for Communist China. By KATHLEEN MOORE The use of high-speed computers may become a regular part of both graduate andundergraduate engineering instruction here, if a Ford Foundation - financed ex- periment proves successful. The Foundation announced yes- terday it had awarded a $1,175,- 000 grant to the University's en- gineering college, one of the first it has given for science and en- gineering. Of this sum, $900,000 will be used for the computer-education experiment with the remaining $275,000 going toward recruitment and maintenance of promising faculty members. To Advance Quality Dean Stephen S. Atwood, of the engineering college, said in ac- cepting the grant that it will "en- able us to advance the quality of engineering education, both locally and in cooperating institutions. "Certain features of the grant," he continued, "will attract more young engineers into teaching and speed up their acquisition of doc- toral degrees." Financial support, under the terms of the grant, will be made available to outstanding doctoral candidates planning to teach and to outside study projects and ex- change programs for present fac- ulty members. Early Education "The grant also introduces stu- dents early in their training to the use of electronic computers, which will permit them to study and solve more complex problems than in the past, and to introduce com- puter techniques upon graduation into many industrial operations," Dean Attwood explained. The goal of the computer edu- cation program, according to its director, Prof. Donald Katz, chair- man of the chemical and metal- lurgical engineering department and chairman of the computer committee, is that "shortly all en- gineering graduates will have a minimum knowledge on the use of computers." The University may attain this goal by next year, he predicted. An IBM 704 at the University Computing Center, under the ju- risdiction of Vice-President for Re- search. Ralph A. Sawyer, will be the main instrument utilized by the program. Smaller, lower-cost computers will be purchased, how- ever, "to see what use they may have," he added. The experiment will be manned by University faculty members and some from other institutions who will be teaching part-time and working in pairs to determine the best educational and problem- solving methods with the com- puters. Over the two-year demonstra- tion period, about 50 faculty mem- bers will be brought to :the Uni- versity for a semester's study each. The demand of industry for graduates with some knowledge of how a computer works and what it does is growing, Prof. Katz noted. Most of the current en- gineering work in industry in- volves tedious, repetetive compu- tations that can be done cheaper, better and quicker by computer, he pointed out. U' To Mark Law Century The University's Law School be- gins its 100th anniversary celebra- tion tomorrow with an expected attendance of more than 500 alumni and visiting dignitaries. Highlighting the three-day cele- bration will be addresses by dis- tinguished members of the bar. Prof. Marcus Plant, chairman of the Centennial Committee, com- menting on the development of the Law School, said the "fine fac- ulty and excellent student body"' has been responsible for the growth of the Law School into one of the best in the country. The Law School has expanded from a small beginning of three professors and ninety-two stu- dents in 1859 to its present size of over 25 professors and 1,100 stu- dents. Among the distinguished per- sonages speaking durn gthe Cen-' tennial celebration will be Asso- ciate Justice of the United States Supreme Court John M. Harlan. Mr. Justice Harlan will discuss the role of the lawyer as a leader in American society. ' RECEIVES GRANT: Computer Training To Grow 'Wesleyan Sigma Chi Withdraws A ffiliation By JOHN FISCHER Members of the University's chapter of Sigma Chi fraternity thought it "unfortunate" that their Wesleyan (Conn.) chapter had dropped out, but they felt no ill will toward them. Wesleyan's chapter (Gamma Mu) was one of two Wesleyan fraternity groups withwdrawing from their national organizations as a result of disputes over discriminatory clauses. Bill Swaney, '60 Sigma Chi president here, said the delegate from the Gamma Mu chapter announced their quitting at the national] Grand Chapter meeting last sum- " mer in, Kansas, City.SL M T E SE The announcement followed the SELIM STRESSES Grand Chapter's failure to pass a constitutional amendment drop- ping discriminatory restrictions. asic A r Although a majority of the dele- gates voted for elimination of the By JEAN HARTWIG discriminatory clause, they did not Although the United Nations muster a three-fourths majority has had "dramatic effect" on the necessary to pass the amendment, modern world, it has yet to solve Swaney said. the three basic problems facing Gamma Mu's going local reduces the Arab nations. the membership of undergraduate - chapter of Sigma Chi to 130. The members of the chapter here report they are not informed of all the circumstances of the drop-out. In addition to com- plaints about the discriminatory clause, many members of Gamma Mu were dissatisfied with the national's - methods of pledge training and ritual. Gamma Mu's vice-president, MARSHALL'S BODY LIES IN STATE-Military men of the various services stood guard over the flag-draped body of Gen. George C. Marshall in Washington National Cathedral until his funeral. He was buried yesterday in Arlington National Cemetery with simple last rites. TO PRECEDE SUMMIT ReportsSay IKe ,Urges Western Power Meeting WASHINGTON M)-President Dwight D. Eisenhower was re- ported last night to be urging a Western heads -'of -government meeting early next month to clear the way for a December summit conference with Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev. Such a Western strategy session, probably in Paris, would seek to set a firm date for an East-West parley as well as identify the issues to be discussed with the Soviet Union. Informants who reported this said final allied approval of the plan awaits a go-ahead from France's President Charles de Gaulle. Advocates Caution De Gaulle is said to be insisting the Western powers move cau- tiously toward top level talks with the Soviet lest any new Berlin agreement weaken existing West- l1 ALGERIA: ab Crisis Faces UN Speaking last night on "Arak Problems Before the United Na- tions General Assembly," Prof. Hussein Kamel Selim, a native Egyptian who is director of the 'Arab Information Center in Washington, stressed three princi- pal issues: Algerian freedom, Arab refugees from Israel and Israel'sl use of the Suez Canal., He said the Algerian problem has more political significance than any other because it is "an- achronistic that in the free world there should be a bitter, long warI of people who want freedom and are prevented from it." Sees Algerian Dilemma DeGaulle, according to Prof. Se- lim, is fighting against the Alger- In his discussion on the prob- ,lem of the million Arab refugees Iexiled from Israel, which has con- fronted the United Nations since 1948, he took a dim view of the solution submitted by Secretary General Dag Hammerskjold which will be considered Oct. 29. He not- ed that the Arab countries have already rejected the proposal for absorption of the refugees-by de- velopment of the entire Middle East. Not Practical "Any suggestion that Arab refu- gees can be settled anywhere but in their home countries may sound beautiful, but isn't practi- cal," he explained. Prof. Selim regards the problem ern rights in the divided city. Eisenhower, with British back- ing, is understood to have sug- gested a Big Four summit meeting including Khrushchev should begin during the first 10 days of Decem- ber. The President is understood to have made known his views in a series of confidentialhmessages to de Gaulle, British Prime Minister Macmillan and West German Chancellor Konrad Adenauer. 'No Comment' The White House and State De- partment refused today to confirm any such correspondence. White House Press Secretary James C. Hagerty said "no com- ment" when asked whether Eisen- hower had sent three such mes- sages to de Gaulle in the past1 month without any reply from the2 French leader. The main purpose of the West, ern summit meeting would -be to. make sure Western leaders' see. eye to eye before they confrontc Khrushchev to discuss Berlin andI Joint Group- Op'ens Talks On Orientatio By ROBERT FARRELL Last night a special meeti sponsored by Inter-House Couv and Assembly Association, d cussed orientation procedures. John Ross, '61, Union Univers Affairs Committee chairman, s the meeting succeeded in clear up many miscqnceptions of two sides in the dispute by p. senting the other side's views a pointed up many faults in eit party's proposed system as s4 from the other party's side. In order to work out the det of a revamped fall orientation p gram, a meeting of the orientat chairmen of the League, Uni IHC and Assembly will be h soon, he added.- ..