I PROSPERITY HINDERS LIBERALS See Page'4 Seventieth Year of Editorial Freedom Iaiti CLOUDY, COOLER High-50o LOW-40 Indian Summer to retreat in wake of biting breezes. VOL. LXX, No. 23 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, OCTOBER 17, 1959 FIVE CENTS SIX PAGES . .. U.S. Mourns Loss Of Gen. Marshall WASHINGTON ()--Gen. George Catlett Marshall-who helped lead United States arms to victory in World War II and fathered the cold war Marshall Plan - died yesterday after a long illness. He was 78 years old. Death came to Marshall at Walter Reed Army Hospital where he had been under care since last March 11. There was no immediate word on cause of death, but the soldier-statesman had been serious- ly ill since suffering a stroke at his winter home in Pinehurst, N.C., last Jan 15. Tributes General President Dwight D. Eisenhower said Marshall's death "is cause for profound grief throughout the United States." Eisenhower spoke glowingly of Marshall's World Wolverines Battle 'Cats Today ., GEN. GEORGE MARSHALL U.S. mourns death STASON: World Law Code Asked MELVIN VILLAGE, N.H.-Dean E. Blythe Stason of the University Law School has proposed the cre- ation of an international clearing house to promote greater uni- formity in world law. Stason, in his speech yesterday to the' Association of General Counsel, described present prog- ress in this field as "dreadfully slow." He recommended increased public and private support to maintain this country's leadership in encouraging world-wide uni- formity in law. , Nations could adopt one "pre-, ferred" rule from several existing systems or they could abandon all existing rules in various fields of law and adopt and develop new ones. Stason recommended that the clearing house keep up a continu- ing pressure for greater uniformi- ty in law, "pointing out the ad- vantages of unification of the laws that affect international transactions and activities and promoting their adoption." Stason suggested that the American Bar Foundation would .be a possible focal point for U.6. efforts in this field. He was rep; cently appointed administrator of the Foundation, which serves as the research arm of the American Bar Association. Following his rep tirement from the University next year, Stason will devote his full efforts to this job. This country's top law schools have recently devoted a great amount of effort to the study of international. legal problems, Sta- son observed. He cited not only Michigan, but also Yale, Harvard, Columbia, Chicago, Stanford, Cal- ifornia, Pennsylvania and other "forward-looking" law schools be- cause of their trend toward more concentration on this problem. In the past five years, he noted, the Ford Foundtaion has made grants of nearly $8 million to pro- mote international legal studies at 14 different law schools. Four factors will continue this trend in the future, he predicted: (1) demand for more trained le- ;gal personnel in international trade and commerce; (2) need to develop international legal states- men; (3) recognition of new areas for research; and (4) desirability of working toward international legal unification. Ta Validity Stil Undecided LANSING (P) - The Michigan. Supreme Court yesterday ended 40 [r~nhr 4awm nrnfra"..a h War II record as Army Chief of Staff and later as Secretary of State and Secretary of Defense in the administration of President Harry S. Truman. "His courage, ,'fortitude and vision, his selflessness and stern standards of conduct and charac- ter were an inspiration, not only within the Army, but throughout the nation and among our allies," Eisenhower's statement said. Marshall's death must be, es- pecially poignant to Eisenhower, because Marshall is generally credited with plucking Eisenhower from obscurity at the outset of World War II and starting him upward toward becoming Supreme Allied Commander in Europe. From Moberly, Mo. Gen. Omar Bradley said of Marshall, "He was one of the greatest Americans our country has ever produced." Commenting at Berkeley, Calif., Fleet Adm. 'Chester W. Nimit called Marshall "capable of car- rying on in almost any capacity for his country's good." Noii-Graduate Marshall was one of the few Army Chiefs of Staff who wasn't a West Point man. His school was Virginia Military Institute, where he made his marks as a student and football tackle. Marshall was born in Union- town, Pa., on the last day of 1880. His father was in the coal and coke business. One of his fore- bears was an uncle of the re- nowned Chief Justice John Mar- shall. Places Sought By Students For Council A total of 16 students have tak- en out petitions for the forthcom- ing Student Government Council elections. Nancy Adams, '60; Charles Franzblau; '60; Al Haber, '60; John Garland, '60; Buckley H. Robbins, '60; Casey King, '62; Jeff Jenks, '61, and Charles Kline, '61, are those with petitions to date. Also, Richard Warrer, '61; Ron Bassey, '61; James Stevenson, '60; Boyd Conrad, '64A1)D; R. E. Ga- lonska, '60; Elliott Tepper, '62; Conrad Batchelder, '60E; and Dennis Shafev, '63, announced their candidacy. Bassey and Haber are the only incumbents seeking election. Con- rad and King have decided not to run for election, making the pres- ent field of candidates only 14. The election this year will op- erate under a revised set of rules adopted by SGC recently. Under the new rules, incumbents have to present a petition signed by 100 s t u d e n t s and non-incumbents ; must submit a petition with 350 signers. Under the old rules, in- cumbents did not have to file a petition for re-election. Petitions must be returned by Monday. Hopes Rise With New Union Offer WASHINGTON (P)-The steel- workers union yesterday made a compromise peace offer scaling down its money demands, and Secretary of Labor James P. Mit- chell said he is optimistic that the 94-day steel strike may be settled quickly, "The parties are closer together than they have been since the negotiations started," Mitchell told newsmen. "One of the key issues here is the necessity of a quick resump- tion of production." The Labor secretary declined to comment on the merits of the un- ion's latest proposal in which the steelworkers reportedly cut their money demands by about one- third. Retains Details Earlier, union President David J. McDonald declined to spell out details. The administration is expected to seek a strike-halting court in- junction early next week in the event industry-union negotiations collapsed or became deadlocked again over the weekend. Top. industry executives prom- ised to study the proposal. They arranged to meet this morning in New York's Waldorf Astoria Hotel to make their decision. Their an- swer is to be made known to the union here late today. An industry counter-offer would surprise nobody, since the union proposal for ending the record 94- day strike reportedly left unsatis- fied the management demand for more freedom in changing work practices to achieve manpower economies. No Wage Boost Highly .placed sources said the union proposal contemplated a 21- cent - an - hour increase for the workers over a two-year period. This would include no wage boost but substantial insurance, pension and supplemental unemployment benefits during the first year, plus a sizable pay hike of about 10 cents an hour in the second year. From all sides-from the gov- ernment, from steel customers and, likely, from the purse- strained 500,000 strikers-pressure was being applied to the industry .and union to quit haggling and hammer out a new contract. The government slapped defense priorities yesterday on available steel supplies. The Commerce De- partment issued orders channel- ing production by the 15 per cent of the industry still operating in- to items destined for use in mis- siles, launching sites and nuclear submarines. Seeks Settlement Chairman George W Taylor of President Dwight D. Eisenhower's steel inquiry board told the antag- onists yesterday the nation yearned for a settlement. He said the im- portant thing now is to end the strike, not so much how that is accomplished. The growing pinch on the eco- nomy was illustrated by word from Detroit that General Motors Corp. may have to stop producing autos by Nov. 1 due to lack of steel. Al- ready 60,000 GM employes have been laid off. Altogether, more than 725,000 workers in -and out of steel have been. idled by the strike.' By PHILIP SHERMAN Internal Russian politics and Russian relations with China are the major factors prompting the new complexion of Soviet foreign policy, Harrison Salisbury said last night. Speaking at the Union to the University Press'Club of Michigan, the New York "Times" corres- pondent added that these factors give a chance for real progress in "warming" the cold war. Salisbury warned, though, that the progress had to be on a step- by-step basis; there will be no general agreement. Explain Visit In the present world context, the political and China factors also help to explain Khrushchev's recent American visit, Salisbury said. Better relations with theUnited States would go a long way to- ward solving both problems. But Khrushchev is not a dictator like Stalin either, he said. Though he makes the final decisions, Khrushchev encourages arguments among subordinates and will listen to them. Khrushchev would like reduced tensions with America, Salisbury said, so he can devote more of Russia's production to peaceful uses. Forty-five per cent of the Rus- sian budget is devoted to defense and this creates an overly heavy burden. Inducements are needed to pro- duce gains, the newsman said, and these cannot be given if consumer goods are not produced. Replaced Terror These inducements have re- placed terror as the force of gov- ernment in the USSR, Salisbury added. Again, he contrasted the Stalin era with present times. Khrushchev could not return to terror in his lifetime, Salisbury added, since he probably will not live long enough to reconstruct Stalin's system, and, anyway, he probably prefers his present meth- ods. There is the. question yet to be resolved, Salisbury noted, of whether these new methods will work. Salisbury illustrated the other Russian problem-China-with an anecdote. Attended Party When Chou En-Lai stopped in Moscow after the Geneva talks, Salisbury narrated, he attended a Kremlin party. He told Mikoyan he should learn Chinese, but Mikoyan re- plied that Chinese was a difficult language. Chou said "We had to learn Russian; it is time you learned Chinese Salisbury saidie distrusted pub- lic protestations of Russiai-Chi- nese unity, citing the competition in Outer Mongolia as symptomatic of real differences. The Chinese are teaching the Mongolians to talk of Russia in the same breath as they mention the U.S., he said -both are "reactionary." Asian diplomats who have been in China have assured Salisbury that China is pursuing an inde- pendent, competitive policy of its own. - There is only one power in the world that could counter-balance China, if Russia needed help, Sal- isbury noted, and this is the United States. Khrushchev would like to see the results of his policies in his Starting Tomorrow.. The Daily will begin pub- lishing an inside front page de- voted to national and inter- national news and features. This page will expand The Daily's coverage to complete Associated Press news of the world. Watch The Daily tomorrow for the first inside front page. National and local drama col- umns, science news and ma- terial of current and historical interest will appear on Page 3 tomorrow. AT PRESS CONFERENCE: Journalist Sees War Thaw '4. own lifetime, Salisbury said, and will work strongly for them. But he also is a realist. The new industrial centers and agricultural developments in Siberia, Salisbury said, cn be used for either peace- ful or warlike purposes. Khrushchev may be inclined to- wards using them for peace, Salis- bury said, but he is not afraid to use them for war if he must. Salisbury said that he would not take Russian promises simply at face value; there must be solid practical motivators to back them up. These motivators now exist, he concluded, and they are giving the present chance for a new United States-Russia relationship. .Editor Asks Red Trade By NAN MARKEL Opening the University Press Club of Michigan conference, Er- win Canham said yesterday the United States must soon' decide its policy on trade with the So- viet Union. The editor of the "Christian Science Monitor" called Soviet trade "a tricky area." "But we should move into it, we've got to move into it, we're in- evitably in it," he told a crowded audience of newsmen and jour- nalism students. Although trade with the United States will enable Russia to fill gaps in its economy and technol- ogy, Canham advocated trade "with clear enforcement of pat- ent rights." Big Two trade relations can be only "an interlude, a transitional period" anyway, he indicated. Growing Fast The Soviet economy is growing fast, he said, building an econom- ic base "which will support trips to outer space, an ever more threatening military position and power not to be ignored." However, growing economic power' also creates a "yen" for consumer goods. Canham saw three queues lined up in front of Sears.Roebuck cata- logues at the American exhibit at the Moscow. fair. "If the struggle is a battle of the books, and the books are 'Das Kapital' and the Sears Roebuck catalogue, then certainly we will win," h said. He added that if Khrushchev has aligned himself*with 'efficien- cy," as it seemed when he called private homes and cars he saw in the United States "waste," then "he has chosen the wrong side of the forces moving in the world." Calls For U. S. Action What must the United States do in the economic race? It should promote economic growth, and tax reform at the state and federal level as an incentive to that growth, he said. Calling incentive through low tax rates and high salaries "one element of capitalism most defi- nitely incdrporated in the Soviet Union," he noted that high-paid Russians receive about 45 times the salary of the artisan. Highest salaried Americans get 12 times an artisan's wage, and hig;-paid Britons about three times as much. -Daily-Fred Shippey OFF AND RUNNING-A Wolverine demonstrates the technique the. team would like to use with some success in today's "grudge" game against Northwestern who last year delivered a crushing defeat to the Michigan squad. (M' Seeks" Revenge Last Year's Rout Wildcats Enter Contest Unbeaten; Strong Despite Injuries to Key Meu By FRED KATZ Associate Sports Editor Michigan's year-long wait for revenge is at an end. The Wolverines meet Northwestern at 1:30 this afternoon in the Stadium with memories of a 55-24 walloping last season acting like a burr under the saddle. Fury and that extra shred of determination ordinarily saved for rivals Michigan State or Ohio State have been strictly reserved for the Wildcats. Seldom has a Michigan team ever been blitzed in such horrendous fashion that its successors didn't demand something in return. And k HARRISON SALISBURY ... discusses Russia no matter what the benefits of rapproachment with America, Khrushchve will still drive a hard bargain, Salisbury said. "And I don't begrudge him this, either," he added. Outlined Problem Salisbury outlined the problem of internal politics first, emphasiz- ing that neither this nor trouble with China would put the Red leader out of power. The people of Russia, Salisbury asserted, are tired of working only for the benefit of their chlidren; they want some of the benefits of the Revolution themselves. Russia has gone, in the past 401 years, through a period of night- mares-the Civil War, the purges, World War II, the rebuilding of 'the nation-and the people are ready for better times, he said. Reason for Rise This is. a big reason, too for Khrushchev's rise to power, Salis- bury added. Khrushchev mirrors, accepts and is attempting to carry out the wishes of the people. Evidence of the new sympathy of the leadership to the peoples wishes is everywhere. Khrushchev's trips to the Mos- cow beaches, like the one he took with Vice-President Richard Nix- on, are one manifestation of this. Khrushchev is a "political per- son," Salisbury explained; he likes to be with people and to communi- cate with them, in contrast to the secretive Stalin who never traveled out among the people. this year's squad, young and, ifs anything, over-eager, regards its visitor as a' prime prospect to pay the piper. But it'll be far from easy. In fact, whipping Northwestern will be one of the most formidable jobs undertaken by any football team in the country this year. The Wildcats, a 12-point favor- ite, are ranked number' two in the nation behind Louisiana State.' They and Purdue are the Big Ten's only unbeaten outfits, and] no one has played more than two Conference games. They have beaten such notables1 as always-fine Oklahoma, defend- ing Rose Bowl champions Iowa, and suddenly-rugged Minnesota. And don't let their highly-pub- licized injuries fool you.# Sure, they've lost quarterbacks Dick Thornton for the season. Additionally, Ron Burton, who most likely will end his colleget career as the highest scorer in Northwestern history, will view theF game from the sidelines. But there's strong reason to believe that the ballyhoo about nhmr Bnh (Tke) Eickhoff's r World News Roundup By The Associated Press LONDON - Western officials suggested last night President Charles de Gaulle wants to delay East - West summit talks until France explodes her first nuclear weapon. Such a development would al- low France to enter the world's nuclear club alongside the United States, Russia and Britain. Informants offered this expla- nation 'as one possible reason for the seeming French wish to slow down the East-West march to the summit. A test-blast of France's first nu- clear weapon somewhere in the Sahara Desert is expected by the end of the year. WASHINGTON - The doctrine of "peaceful coexistence" advo- cated by Soviet Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev as offering a way out of the cold war was sharply chal- lenged yesterday by a United States spokesman. The peoples of the world "are entitled to something - better," Asst. Sec. of State Andrew H. Berding said. Berding said the United States cannot accept an arrangement with the Soviet Union that would rule out for the peoples in Com- munist nations the prospect of ob- taining "true freedom, genuine nation independence, and . . . whatever form of government and economic and social institutions they wish." * * * HAVANA - Raul Castro, fire- brand younger brother of Cuba's prime minister and his heir-ap- t TALE OF NO TAIL: .Endless' Diag Inhabitant Pe By JEAN HARTWIG Yesterday was a great day for squirrels. Fat brown ones were romping on the Diag, gathering nuts for their winter hoards. Frisky andI bright-eyed, they swished their thick, bushy tails behind theni as they scooted to and fro in the sun- shine. But one little recluse nibbled his dainty morsel in the solitude of the lawn behind Haven Hall. As he sat, precariously rocking back and forth on his haunches, several passer-bys stopped to stare, for this +inv mammalilaced the dis-' s u plooreU wounded shoulder is just so much possum-playing at Evanston. ex es P rofEickhoff, a fourth-string signal escaped the bench last week late at a disadvantage for chasing fe- 1 "It must be very -embarrassing in the third quarter to direct an male squirrels-he just can't run for him," he said, thinking for a 86-yard touchdown march. It was as fast up and down big trees after moment. "He might even have an the only score in the 'Cats- them." inferiority complex, especially if Gophers fracas. Considering the effect on the squirrels' tails have any sexual Burton, who sprained an ankle animal's self - confidence, Carroll significance," the first time he carried the ball suggested that squirrels may not Across the lawn in the Natural against Minnesota, also had a be aware whether they have tails Science Bldg., Sally Allen, a re- replacement who seemed to be or not. search associate in zoology spe- itching for his opportunity. Selected Out? cializing in genetics, explained the Mark Johnston, senior halfback, Prof. Bordua contended it is a scientific aspects of the stump and See MICHIGAN, Page 6 "clear example of sociological se- its possible causes. lection." Since the squirrel couldn't She noted that it could have run fast enough to prevent losing been the result of an accident after Trum an Cites his tail in the first place, he birth or it might have happened shouldn't reproduce his kind. / in the uterus. From experiments Russian ,Plan soa i -.-. 44., -- - with mice, she has found that tail- M SR s n . y t _. , :. . .. .. K ..