f-

40431 14
Seventieth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSrIY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241

China Marks 10th Year,

After

Revolution

"When Opinions Are Free
Truth Will Prevailr

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS KABAKER

TUESDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1959

International Center Loses
Prestige in Deportation Case

AFTER TWO YEARS at the University,
Chien-sen Liu has received an official notice
of his forced deportation Monday.
He has been accused by the immigration
authorities of fraudulently entering the United
States by falsifying the proof that he was "fi-
nancially responsible."
To provoke this drastic action, the first de-
portation since a rash of similar cases at Har-
vard University in the 1930's, Liu "borrowed"
$2,400 from several so-called sponsors in Tai-
wan, the mainland-born student's home.
This he deposited in four different banks in
this country, exhibiting the bankbooks as evi-
dence of financial responsibility to the Ameri-
can consulate in Taiwan, the immigration
authorities and University officials. As soon
as permission was granted, and he arrived in
this country, Liu intended to refund the loans
and earn his necessary funds by summer and
part-time employment. During this time he re-
ceived $500 in University loans, $500 in schol-
arships and $200 in grants-in-aid.
LIU RAN into the first hitch in his plans when
his counsellor at the International Center
informed him of a federal law that all foreign
students were required to get a working permit
before they could seek employment. In this ap-
plication the student must explain how his fi-
nancial status has changed since he entered
the country, which has forced him to seek em-
ployment.
As soon as Liu filled in the necessary infor-
mation, his counsellor discovered his violation
of the law and the immigration authorities
were notified by the International Center. Al-
though Liu did get his work permit; an in-
vestigation ensued and . all Chinese students
in the United States were questioned. At least
200 other cases of sneaking by the "financial
responsibility" immigration clause were discov-
ered.
In December 1958, Liu obtained legal assist-
ance as the International Center recommended
and appealed his case to the Detroit immigra-
tion authorities. His efforts were to no avail,
'however, and he received a letter Sept. 25 no-
tifying him of his deportment.
DURING his two years at the University, Liu
has gotten average grades in the engineer-
ing college, although he explains that he has
not been able to study as much as he would
have liked due to the emotional tension caused
by the investigation. He lives in a cooperative
house and is highly regarded by his fellow
students.
He explains that he never intended to ac-
tually defraud the government by his action.
He is quick to point out that he merely pre-
sented his bankbooks to the immigration
authorities and was waved on by them. Never
did he falsify information; he actually did'
have the necessary amount in the bank.
To a man who was earning $17 a month in
Formosa, the United States was almost a para-
dise where poor, deserving foreign students
could earn more than enough money for their
education. To him, the honorable way was to
refund the money he borrowed from friends
and work his way through school. Difficulty
arose when he couldn't make enough to pay
his expenses and had to ask for help from the
University.
THEE ARE several principles called into
question an Liu's case. First, the position of
the International Center in relation to foreign
students seems to need defining. Naturally, the
Center cannot condone illegal activities and it
is required by law to report such things if only
to protect its own status and that of the Uni-
versity from government censure.

But the fundamental problem emerges in a
counsellor's relationship with the student and
with the legal authorities as James Davis, di-
rector of the Center pointed out, counsellors
do not have legal immunity, and may be ac-
cused of being accessories after the fact in
case they learn of a crime or of a student's
intention of committing a crime. They must
therefore reveal illegal activities to the author-
ities, even if told to them in confidence. Davis
quickly noted, however, that no personal con-
fidences are ever revealed.
The curious part of the situation, however,
lies in the fact that the Center notified the
authorities of Liu's case without telling him
what they were doing, although he had been
warned that he would have to explain his fi-
nancial situation on the working permit appli-
cation
He also had been advised previously by his
counsellor to leave the country to avoid prose-
cution.
'It seems that the International Center was
somewhat dishonest in first notifying the De-
troit immigration authorities that an anony-
mous Taiwanese students had violated immi-
gration laws. Since the notification was given
immediately before they received his applica-
tion for a work permit his identity obviously
would have been discovered anyway. The evi-
dence indicates that the Center was trying
desperately to remain in the good graces of
everybody concerned.
ANOTHER problem is In the immigration law
itself. Obviously, since so many, other stu-
dents have violated it to come to America, it
must not have been too stringently enforced by
the authorities. As Liu explains, he saw so
many of his friends come to the United States
in even more financial difficulty than he, that
he decided to join the crowd. After "winking"
-whether in fact or in appearance-at the
rules in admitting him to the country, it seems
unfair for the government to jump on him
now that he has been here for so long and is
a respected citizen at the University. He should
have been warned at the time of his applica-
tion for admission.
If the law is necessary to keep hordes of pen-
niless foreign' students out of American uni-
versities, then it should at least be thoroughly
enforced. It seems that Liu is being used by the
authorities as an "example" for the rest of the
students who have already or are contemplat-
ing sneaking around the rules.
Liu himself does not want to remain in this
country. He realizes he cannot study here any
longer and does not want to remain after his
two years of tension. But he would like to
leave of his own accord without the forced de-
portation stamp on his passport.
THE WHOLE ISSUE 'is a very complex one.
There is no specific focus for the blame and
probably not too much can be done for Liu at
this late date. The unclear area of the whole
affair lies in the International Center's rela-
tionship with Liu and its revealing of his in-
formation to the immigration officials.
There is no quarrel with the fact that the
Center has to stay in the good graces of the
legal authorities, and no one would advocate
that they harbor criminals in their midst. But
they do have a definite obligation to those who
seek their counselling. If a person has commit-
ted an unlawful act, it is no more than right
that he be reported to the proper authorities.
But as it now stands, the foreign student
should at the same time realize that anything
he says to his counsellor is subject to be turned
in to the authorities and not for his ears alone.
-JEAN HARTWIG

By MARC PIUISUK
Daily StaffWriter
THE INFANT Cuban Republic
was recognized and accepted
into the family of nations within
ten days after its corrupt Batista
government had fled. The youthful
Chinese People's Republic is cele-
brating its tenth birthday since
the flight of a corrupt Chaing
Kai Chek regime, but the United
States is still energetically pre-
tending that this new nation has
never been born.
Notwithstanding the blind spots
in the vision of elder Western
nations, this gigantic youngster of
the Orient has been developing at
a miraculous pace.
Unfortunately, ignored children
tend to become quite bratty. This
child in particular has inherited
an immense set of problems to
begin with and has lived under
sole tutelage of a Soviet neighbor.
Understandably, such a child
shows signs of defying its elders
and, perhaps, of kindling the
flames which may someday destroy
the f amily of nations.
IN ATTEMPTING to ignore
Communist China, the West has
remained ignorant of Chinese
achievements and intentions. Op-
position to Communism has "justi-
fled" our non-recognition policy,
but blind hatred cannot rehabili-
tate the juvenile delinquent.
The new Communist China must
be looked at. Since United States
reporters are kept out of China
(by our own State Department)
visibility is foggy. Still, certain
conditions stare at us most per-
sistently.
Ten years ago overpopulated
China was a semi-feudal society.
Its primitive agriculture combined
with a propensity for natural dis-
asters to make China known as a
land of famine. The large jobless
population in the cities brought
China still another international
reputation-the land of the beg-
gar, the prostitute and the opium
peddler. Diseases in epidemic pro-
portion were manifest amongst a
largely illiterate Chinese popula-
tion.,
* * *
NOW, ONLY ten years later,
this charm is gone. Gone too are
many of the major evils-even

though a new set of sins may be
replacing them.
The coolie-cart has yielded to
transportation by air and rail.
New buildings, factories, bridges
and dams have sprung up.
Seven hundred thousand Chinese
are now enrolled in Universities
while a hundred million younger
children are attending Chinese
schools. The provision of free
communal restaurants, nurseries,
bathhouses and old age homes
have been an aid to the emanci-
pation of women.
Everyone is employed (if not
overworked). Wages are low by
any standards, but health services,
sanitation, and mechanical equip-
ment are increasingly available
without individual cost. In fact,
the abolition of the wage system
is one goal of the new communes
which have replaced the earlier
collectives. If we care to look we
are witnessing the fastest and
most phenomenal industrialization
of a society eyer to take place.

PREVENTED by the State De-
partment from getting first hand
information, American reporters
were largely unaware, until re-
cently, that anything worth re-
porting was occurring in China.
The truly fantastic changes have
now called forth from American
editors a flood of hasty and some-
times equally fantastic explana-
tions.
Building upon those half-truths
which are available, the general
tone of editorial commentary fav-
ors the "slave labor" theory. One
correspondent has called the rise
"the greatest mass sacrifice of
human heritage, human comfort,
and human effort of all time." Is
the sacrifice greater than that of
sweatshops in 19th Century Eng-
land or of Negro Slavery in the
US.? One doesn't know.
* * *
ACCORDING to one French
correspondent, popular support for
the Communist regime has been
steadily waning. This he sees de-

spite the strict censorship and
continuous barrage of propaganda.
Yet, one leading sinologist from
Cambridge University writes of his
trip in 1958: "My outstanding im-
pression of China this year was
of the unreality of the idea so
cherished in the West that the
population is dragooned to per-
form its tasks."
Instead, on the contrary, one
sees spontaneity (sometimes out-
running government planning),
enthusiasm, pride, and such high
morale that there is little cheating
from the communes, despite the
absence of any external surveil-
lanQ or coercion.
Paradoxically, both our British
and French informants may be
right. For the peasant living on
the commune, a meal once a week
instead of once a yearw(asewas
the rate in Old China) may be
sufficient lubricant to ease diges-
tion of state propaganda and in-
crease satisfaction with' the re-
gime.
* * *
IT IS WITH the intelligentsia
and the former bourgeoisie that
resentment has been smoldering.
In its infancy in 1949, the less
totalitarian regime with staunch
ideological leadership sparred
openly with Western educated
Chinese scholars who looked to the
West for much of their program.
Who knows whether American
recognition at that time might
have aided this pro-Western fac-
tion, and perhaps have averted the
futile Korean conflict.
However, short-sighted United
States foreign policy ignored this
opening, and the struggling. re-
gime, highly vulnerable to the
slow-downs resulting from free
criticisms, slammed the door on
)eonvnetional civil liberties and
defied Western ways.
Still, the relaxation of the "hun-
dred flowers" period led to an out-
burst which showed that concealed
opposition to governmental poli-
cies is present in the cities. Per-
haps the Russian path of a very
slow and gradual change in re-
laxation of suppressive measures
is in the offing.
* * e
CHINA HAS endured many mis-
takes and failures in its ten

years, and even with a perfect
record it would still be facing the
world's greatest population prob-
lem. This year, her irresponsible
foreign policy has lost much of
the good will in Asia that it had
built up during nine preceding
years.
But whatever its failures and
achievements, the orphan child
has flexed its muscles in demand
for recognition. By closing our
eyes to China ten years ago, we
missed a chance to play a major
role in shaping the Chinese fu-
ture. We may yet be able to play
a minor role in such guidance by
bargaining for clear border defi-
nitions before recognition.
AT THE STATE:
Gladiator
Gloomy
IN 217 A.D. Xnoba, -queen of
Palmyra, decided to revolt from
Roman rule. She planned to send
her ill-trained army against
Roman legions. She had a chief
minister who was a traitor. He
planned to send, Persian legions
against Xnobia after she defeated
the Romans, thus taking over
Palmyra.
Xnobia, however, was a woman.
She fell for a Roman commander
who was serving as a spy to lure
her army to defeat. He succeeded,
but in the bargain killed her chief
minister and thus staved off the
Persian invasion.
This plot is unspectacular and
so is "Sign of the Gladiator." With
Dyaliscope (translated as Color-
scope), a screen process remark-
ably akin to Cinemascope, and
often-washed-out-color, even the
physical presentation leaves much
to be desired. The sets follow the
recent Italian tradition of being
as obviously cheap as possible.
THE MOST distracting aspect
of this film is the dubbed voices.
Obviously the cheapest actors
available are hired for the dubbing
jobs, and thus the European stars
all sound like bit actors, no matter
how good their original job may
have been.
"Sign' of the Gladiator" thus
falls into the "cheap spectacular"
tradition so well displayed in last
summer's "Hercules."
Nothing about the film is very
good except the advertising, which
is so obvious, so spectacular, that
crowds flock to see the third-rate
import.
Only Anita Ekberg, Scandina-
via's buxom beauty, keeps this film
out of the strictly boring category.
Her assets are obvious to any
viewer, but an actress she isn't
The advertising far oversells this
flick. It lacks the quality or ex-
citement of American spectaculars,
but manages to hit all of the
excesses.
The best part of this bill is the
Walt Disney short on Antarctica,
which shows beautiful color pho-
tography work and has the fine
Disney touch.
Totaling the results: The picture
is basically, dull, colorless, and
poorly photographed and acted.
But there is some interest gen-
erated by the Ekberg presence,
and as the old saying goes, "Virtue
is its own reward." Caveat emptor.
-Robert Junker

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MAO TSE-TUNG--The leader of Communist China works with'
workers on a reservoir near Peking. Travelers In China report that
Western ideas about "forced labor" being used to build the country
up are exaggerated.


NEA ISSUES REPORT:
Delinquency Fight Should Begin in Schools

(EDITOR'S NOTE~ - This is the
first in a series of articles from the'
Associated Press dealing with con-
structive efforts to fight juvenile
delinquency.)
By G. K. HODENFIELD
Associated Press Education Writer
rHE NATION'S battle against
juvenile delinquency must be
fought in the classrooms of its
schools.
It will be a long battle, and ex-
pensive. But nowhere are condi-
tions more favorable. Nowhere is
there greater chance for success.
That is the essence of a report
just issued by the National Edu-
cation Association (NEA) follow-
ing a year-long study of the prob-
lem.
Although it called the school a
powerful and pervasive force in
fighting delinquency, the report
emphasized that the school can't
do the job alone. A successful pro-
gram, it said, calls for close co-
operation with the family, com-
munity agencies, and law enforce-
ment agencies and the courts.
William C. Kvaraceus of Bos-
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 6, 1959
VOL. LXX, NO. 13
General Notices
An intensive 8-hour course on "FOR-
TRAN Programming for the Type 704
Computer" will be given on Tues.,
Oct. 6, 13, 20, and 27 from 8-10 p.m. in
the Auditorium of the Natural Science
Bldg. This course is available to all
persons in the University who are in-
terested in the use of the computer f a-
cilities in the Computer Center. Please
call Mrs. S. Brando, Ext. 3091 for fur-
ther information.
International Student and Family
Exchange, Rms. 103 and 528 in the base-
ment of the Student Exchange Bldg.
on Wed., Oct. 7 from 7:30 to 9:00 p.m.
and on Thurs., Oct. 8 from 10:00 to
11:30 a.m. Everyone is welcome to at-
tend,
Graduate Students expecting to re-
ceive the master's degree in January,
1960, must file a diploma application
with the Recorder of the School by Fri.,
Oct. 9. A student will not be recom-
mended for a degree unless he has filed
formal application in the office of the
Graduate School.
Engineering Seniors and graduate
students: Free copies of the "College
Placement Annual" for 1960 are avail-
able to engineering seniors and gradu-
ate students at the Engineering Place-

ton University, director of the
NEA project, said the schools have
these strategic advantages:
They get the youngsters early,
and maintain close contact with
them for years. They have pro-
fessional personnel, trained to
work with children and youth.
They have a natural relationship
with the parents, much more so
than the police, courts, and wel-
fare agencies.
Finally: "The modern school has
accepted a responsibility . . . for
the personal and social growth of
children, as well as for their aca-
demic training and acquisition of
knowledge."
* * *
ON THE OTHER hand:
"The school's primary function
is not that of a hospital, institu-
tion, or warehouse to store children
-good, bad or indifferent. As a
school, its major concern remains
that of instruction and learning.
"The school cannot become all
things to all pupils. When it de-
flects from its original and unique
function, or when it lacks ade-
quate financial support, it is apt
to misfire on all fronts."
The report stressed that the
school's responsibility to the de-
linquent is the same it has to all
children, or to other handicapped
children-the blind, the deaf, the
crippled: the mentally retarded.
But, it said, of all the excep-
tional children needing special
help, "the delinquent is the one
most likely to get the back of the
hand, rather than the helping
hand, from adults."
It quoted many youth workers
as saying that the misbehaving de-
linquent or pre-delinquent is ,the
one youngster with whom they
least like to work.
THE 350-PAGE book, "Delin-
quent Behavior - Principles and
practices" is the second of two
volumes stemming from the pro-
ject. The first, "Delinquent Be-
havior - Culture and the Individ-
ual," was published last spring.
The first volume, based on the
research of experts in six different
fields, exploded a number of popu-
lar myths about delinquency. Most
delinquents, it said, are normal
youngsters, and their delinquency
is a way of life rather than a
manifestation of emotional dis-
Max Lerner
BEGINNING tomorrow, The
Daily will present an inter-
pretive column written by Max
Lerner.
Lerner was born in Minsk,
Russia, and educated in this
country at Yale University and
Washington University of St.
t .

turbance or the result of broken
homes, working mothers, bad com-
panions, heredity, or a low I.Q.
There is no pat solution to the
problem of juvenile delinquency,
the first report said. It called for
more and better research, an ex-
pansion of community and school
efforts to identify the delinquency-
bound youngster before it is too
late.
The report just issued presents
some time-tested principles to be
used in fighting delinquency, some
guidelines to be followed, and some
community or state projects that
have shown value.
MORE THAN 500 experts con-
tributed their ideas. The programs
of scores of big cities and small
hamlets were weighed and com-
pared.
Basically, the school's task was
outlined this'way:
Try to spot, just as early as

possible, the youngsters who show
signs of a serious and persistent
pattern of misbehavior. In this re-
gard, extreme care must be taken
that normal high spirits aren't
mistaken for potential delin-
quency, and that no youngster is
branded a delinquent in front of
his classmates.
Help the student as much as
possible in the regular classroom.
Provide special classes as needed,
and the services of qualified,
trained psychologists, school
nurses, doctors, etc. Use an in-
dividualized curriculum that en-
ables the student to achieve a
measure of success appropriate to
his learning capacity or potential.
Study the student's homelife,
and work closely with the parents.
If the student's actions involve
him with the police and the courts,
work side by side with those
agencies to help the youngster.

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
'U' Kappa Sigs Defend Fraternity

INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
Cloud over China

By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
THE COOL atmosphere which surrounded
Nikita Khrushchev's visit to Peiping leads
naturally to speculation as to whether the
years-long predictions of an eventual split may
be coming true.
Ever since the Communist conquest of China,
students of Sino-Russian affairs have discussed
the possibility that Titoism might eventually
find its greatest converts in Peiping.
Not only did the Chinese Reds set up their
own school of Communist theoreticians. Hold-
ers of the theory of eventual separateness relied
heavily on tendencies which were more Chinese
than Communist. They did not believe Russian
and Chinese cooperation could be maintained
permanently in the light of traditional differ-
ences.
The theory did not seem to be standing up
well, however, as the Reds followed more and
more the early economic practices of the Soviet
Union, and as a pattern of alternating initia-
tive seemed to develop in their testing thrusts
against the West,

tering peaceful coexistence, they have been re-
newing their pledge to take Formosa by force
if necessary. They have continued their mili-
tary activities on the Indian border, an area
of dispute where the Soviet Union specifically
asked for negotiation instead of force.
KHRUSHCHEV was received in Peiping with
little fanfare, and departed without any.
When he spoke of the peace offensive, he did
not even pretend to speak for the entire Com-
munist sphere, as usual, but only for the Soviet
and the Soviet people. Mao Tze-Tung and
Chou En-Lai joined him in a statement of
joint purposes.
Whereas once the talk of an eventual sep-
arateness between Moscow and Peiping was
cheering to the West, it is now ominous. At a
time when Russia is seeking at least a tem-
porary armistice, a cloud of prospective aggres-
sion throws its shadow all across Asia.
If separateness does occur, it will not be
Titoism, which displays no aggressive ten-
dencies.
The whole business could be merely a Com-

To the Editor:
IN REFERENCE to the article of
the September thirtieth issue of
The Michigan Daily entitled "USC
Greeks Give Details," the Kappa
Sigs at Michigan would like to add
one important fact. It is true that.
the chapter at USC was suspend-
ed from the University in connec-
tion with the tragic death of
pledge Richard Swanson. How-
ever, on the same day the chapter
was also suspended from the.
Kappa Sigma Fraternity because
this type of hazing is in direct vio-
lation of Section 11.4 of the Code
of the Fraternity.
Not only was the death of Dick
Swanson tragic, it was stupid and
unnecessary. C h i l d i s h hazing
practices on the order apparently
carried on at USC have never been
in vogue here at Michigan. In fact,
our chapter; taking cognizance of
the superior type of individual at
Michigan and of hazing's destruc-
tion of the dignity of the individ-
ual, has recently culminated a
three-year drive and has outlawed
all forms of hazing,\sweat sessions,
paddlings, and hell weeks. We feel
that this is a forward step for
awareness which Michigan and
Kappa Sig and the fraternity sys-
tem and is a product of the
fraternities build.
Alpha Zeta of Kappa Sigma
To the Editor:
IN REFERENCE to the article in
Wednesday's Daily concerning
the late Kappa Sig chapter at
USC, I would like to draw atten-

pranks are harmless, most are po-
tentially dangerous, all are pretty
juvenile. All of the tragedies con-
nected with fraternity initiations
stem from these local pre-initia-
tion pranks.
In contrast to this is the formal
initiation which all our chapters
practice in common, for which
there is no prerequisite but a
pledging-period of a semester with
passing grades. The formal ritual
is a symbolic embodiment of the
ideals upon which the fraternity
was founded: the scholastic tra-
ditions of the University of Bo-
logna in Renaissance Italy. This
ritual, like the formal rituals of
other fraternities, is no more
physic ally dangerous than a
church service, 'nor is it juvenile,
except in the sense that man's
love for formal ritual to symbolize
his highest ideals may seem ju-
venile to certain "sophisticated"
minds.
While this discussion will not
return life to Richard Swanson,
it may clear away the confusion
in the public's mind. The cause of
this and other senseless killings
is an informal local prank, and
not the formal ritual that is the
only initiation. With this distinc-
tion made perhaps the fraternity
system, aided by an informed pub-
lic, may proceed to put its houses
in order.
-Ellis Davis, '60
Alpha Zeta of Kappa Sigma.
Bookstores *
To the Editor:

not always immediately, and what
more do you want than that? In
the last analysis, we get the facil-
ities that our book purchases sup-
port, no more, no less. More than
that, what do we need? A com-
bination clothing store (selling
K o ll e g i ate Kut Klothes, of
course), grocery-delicatessen and
book dispensary?
ALSO, a comment on the latest
Gargoyle: no one expects a very
high level of humor from the
Gargoyle tradition is against
it, and when tradition speaks,
even kings listen. We suppose, too,
that knifing our Neighbor to the
North is legitimate -- tradition,
again. But when the magazine has
to sink into vulgarity and outright
obscenity for its humor, it would
seem to imply that the editors of
Gargoyle don't have a very high
opinion of campus intelligence.
Certainly vulgarity and obscenity
are funny - they are hilarious in
an adolescent. But we are sup-
posed to be adults - at least that
was what we were told as Fresh-
men. The examples of Michigan
humor -in the latest Gargoyle are
too often the sort of "daring hu-
mor" you expect from the hand-
written, mimeographed effort of
a bright but uncultured twelve-
year-old.
-Robert Troester
-Alex Panshin
Musea? . .
To The Editor:
T HA7VE gwSE' rnM in An i

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