_
Trujillo Battles
To Retain Dictatorship
CIVIL RIGHTS BILL:
SenateRejects Southern P
By MORRIS W. ROSENBERG
Associated Press Writer
PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti-The
old man of the Caribbean, 68-
year - old Generalissimo Rafael
Trujillo, is battling for survival.
Forces that have overthrown
four Latin American dictatorships
in the last five years are now
threatening Trujillo's 30 - year,
iron-fisted rule df the Dominican
Republic.
The pattern is that which pre-
ceded the downfall of Argentina's
Y
Juan D. Peron, Colombia's Gus-
tavo Rojas Pinilla, Venezuela's
Marcos Perez Jimenez and, in
varying degrees, Cuba's Fulgencio
Batista.
It is taking shape in the grow-
ing evidence of increasing unrest
in the island republic, whose pop-
ulation is estimated at 2,600,000.
Among powerful elements with
which Trujillo is now forced to
contend are:
1) The Roman Catholic Church,
which on Jan. 31 issued a pastoral
letter protesting there was a lack
of human rights.
2) A middle class group of
young lawyers, doctors, engineers
and other professionals who or-
ganized a nationwide conspiracy
to assassinate Trujillo last month.
The plot was smashed in a wave
of arrests. It is estimated that
from 1,500 to 2,000 persons were
jailed. Many were subsequently
released, but 120 have been sen-
tenced in trials so far this month
to 30 years at hard labor -- the
maximum legal sentence - and
assessed fines totaling $600,000.
3) Worsening business condi-
tions due to drought, low prices
for sugar and coffee exports and a
reduction in the public works pro-
gram. The latter is attributed to
heavy military expenditures.
4) External foes such as the
governments of Venezuela and
Cuba, which are seeking to mobil-
ize continental pressure to end
Trujillo's rule. In addition Domin-
ican exiles in Puerto Rico, Venezu-
Russia Makes Concession
In Nuclear
Test Parley
Will Permit
J0int Team
Inspection
Counterproposal
Rejected by U.S.
GENEVA () - The Soviet Un-
ion offered a major technical con-
cession yesterday in rejecting
President Eisenhower's plan for a
partial nuclear test ban treaty.
Semyon K. Tsarapkin told the
three-nation talks that the Soviet
Union will accept no treaty unless
all tests, whatever their size and
location, are outlawed simultane-
ously.
The he offered to allow a lim-
ited number of mobile Western
inspection teams to roam freely to
the site of virtually any earth
tremor in the Soviet Union to
check for possible test violations.
r This was a complete reversal of
the previous Russian position.
A United States spokesman said
the new Soviet proposal was un-
acceptable in its present form.
Against Plan
Tsarapkin admitted his conces-
sion was intended to cut the
ground from under President,
Dwight D. Eisenhower's Feb. 11
proposal. The Eisenhower plan
would restrict the treaty to those
nuclear tests which can be policed
with present scientific knowledge.
Small tests underground and some
tests in outer space could continue
under the Eisenhower plan as long
as there was no known way of po-
licing them.
Tsarapkin said the American
plan was completely unacceptable
to the Soviet Union. But he sug-
gested a three-year program of
joint East-West research to im-
prove scientific knowledge of nat-
ural and artificial earth tremors.
Western officials said the catch
in Tsarapkin's counterproposal1
was that many hundreds of in-
spections would be needed every
year to probe the site of a reason-
able proportion of natural earth
tremors in the Soviet Union.
Not Necessary
Tsarapkin himself told a news
conference "It will be quite un-
necessary to have a larger num-
ber of inspections."
Despite pleas from U nii t e d
States Ambassador James J.
Wadsworth and Britain's Sir Mi-
chael Wright, Tsarapkin refused
to be drawn out on the annual
Quota of on the spot inspections
his proposal would allow.
The Western delegates said no
realistic estimate of the proposal
could be made without agreement
on the quota. But Tsarapkin in-
sisted that the West should first
accept the principle of his plan
and then discuss the quota figure.
DIAL NO 2-6264
ENDING TONIGHT
LEADERSTALKS:
Burma Greets Khrushchev
RANGOON (-) - Soviet Pre-
mier Nikita S. Khrushchev was
greeted in neutralist Burma yes-
terday by a 21-gun salute and a
tribute as a man in quest of peace.
"We greatly appreciate your ef-
forts and express sincere hope
that you will succeedin your quest
'to bring peace in the world," said
President U Win Maung in wel-
coming ceremonies at Mingaladon
Airport.
Khrushchev arrived from India
aboard his jetprop airliner for a
36-hour stay in Rangoon. The air-
port was decked with Soviet and
Burmese fhags.
Leaders Chat
About 1,000 sarong-clad Bur-
manswatched as Khrushchev
chatted with Prime Minister-Ne
Win, Burmese officials and Win
Maung.
- Khrushchev said he will discuss
with the Burmese "some of the
important problems of our time
which deeply agitate the peoples
of the Soviet Union and Burma."
"The most burning problem fac-
ing all nations and governments
at present is the attainment of
universal and stable peace," he
declared-.
Troops Guard
Only a few armed troops guard-
ed the winding road as Khrush-
chev drove in from the airport.
Small groups gathered along the
way and several hundred in one
village waved Burmese and So-
IViet flags. Khrushchev waved
back.
Shouting students c ar ry in g
placards and banners reading
"Long live Burma-Soviet friend-
ship" and "With success for a
summit conference" held up his
car momentarily outside Rangoon
University.
The demonstration was organ-
ized by the leftist National United
front, which lost all but three of
its 46 seats in the recent elections.
Leaves Today
Khrushchev leaves today for In-
donesia. Then he will stop in Af-
ghanistan en route home to Mos-
cow.
After lunch with Win Maung
and a 90-minute conference with
Ne Win, Khrushchev met ex-
Premier U Nu at a reception at
the presidentialamansion.
Nu, Khrushchev's host on his
T
ela, Havana and New York are
keeping up a barrage of propa-
ganda and some underground ef-
forts to unseat him.
The brittle nature of Trujillo's
power structure is in itself a
hazard. Based upon the absolute
rule of Trujillo, it demands com-
pliance, loyalty and obedience. It
is not flexible, if it starts to bend
it will crack.
See No Successor
Not even the most loyal follower
can see a successor to the Gen-
eralissimo, who bears the official
title "Benefactor of the Father-
land and Father of the New Coun-
try."
A key element in the power pic-
ture is the military.
Thus far the well-trained army,
the air force and naval units have
not shown any signs that their
allegiance to Trujillo is in doubt.
Altogether they are estimated to
total 25,000 men.
Without military support it is
unlikely that' any anti-Trujillo
movement can succeed.
Counts on Support
Trujillo also counts on support
frm both town and farm workers.
Many among the poorer classes
have an almost religious faith in
the Generalissimo.
He is portrayed as the Great
White Father, generous and kind
to loyal children, but capable of
delivering swift, sharp punishment
to those who stray.
Actually he has done a great
deal to improve living standards
of the Dominicans. He has pro-
moted good roads, hospitals,
schools, housing and sanitary fa-
cilities.
But he has made many enemies
along the way.
Claims U.S.
Must Insure
Free Moon.
WASHINGTON (A') - Andrew
G. Haley, an authority on space
law, said yesterday that if an
alien power seems on its way to
control the moon, the United
States must use every means -
including war-to prevent it.
But Rep. James G. Fulton (R-
Pa.) of the House Foreign Affairs
and Space and Astronautics Com-
mittees, disagreed. He said that
such an attitude represented "the
law of the jungle."
Fulton said the United States!
must push a firm program of sci-
entific development in space, must
make this program public, and
must bring in other countries, of-
fering them the use of its facilities.
The authority spoke at a mis-
siles-space conference of scientists,
manufacturers and businessmen.
WASHINGTON () -- Southern
Senators were handed a 61-28
defeat yesterday in the first roll
call vote of the 1960 civil rights
battle in the Senate.
The' vote-by well over a two-
thirds margin - turned down a
plea by Sen. Richard B. Russell
(D-Ga.) that the Senate postpone
consideration of civil rights legis-
lation until next Tuesday.
On this first test the Northern
and Western Senators pressing for
new civil rights laws won the
votes of 34 Democrats and 27 Re-
publicans, while 24 Democrats and
4 Republicans voted for delay.
.Two Against
The only Southern .Senators
voting against Russell's request
were two from Texas, Majority
Leader Lyndon B. Johnson and
Ralph Yarborough.
In a prior development, Sen.
Everett M. Dirksen (R-fll.) said
he thinks the Senate will bring
the civil rights issue to a head
within three or four weeks.
Dirksen, the Republican leader
in the Senate, said he had given
his estimate to President Dwight
D. Eisenhower this morning.
Hot Issue
This was the second day of Sen-
ate consideration of the hot poli-
tical issue, and these were among
the developments:
1) Sen. Kenneth B. Keating (R-
N.Y.) failed in an effort to force
the Eisenhower Administration's
civil rights program out of the
Senate Judiciary Committee.
2) Senators Jacob K. Javits (R-
N.Y.) and Paul Douglas (D-ill.)
announced they will offer a catch-
all proposal, including provisions
for presidentially appointed voter
registrars and court-appointed
voting referees, to help Southern
Negroes vote.
3) The House Rules Committee
heard testimony from Rep. Wil-
liam M. Tuck (D-Va.) opposing
any federal legislation on Negro
voting,
'Leave Us Alone'
Tuck, a former governor, said
100,000 Negroes are qualified to
vote in Virginia, relations between
white people and Negroes in Vir-
ginia are good, and all that is
needed is to "just let us alone."
The House Rules Committee is
considering the question of send-
ing to the floor a bill already ap-
proved by the House Judiciary
Committee. It would make it a
crime to oppose court orders for
school integration by force or
threats, and would require that
local voting registrars preserve
their records for federal inspec-
tion.
Dirksen told the Senate he
thinks the House will pass a bill
by the end of February, and it
could then be substituted for the
measure brought before the Sen-
ate Monday.
The GOP leader also said that
if Southern opponents talk at
length, he will favor running the
daily Senate sessions later into the
evening rather than taking action
quickly on a vote to cut off debate.
Southern Senators had some
things to say yesterday.
Sen. Russell called the pressure
over civil rights legislation a
scheme "to indict a whole people
in this mad bidding for votes."
Second Front Page
Wednesday, February 17, 1960
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"Tens of thousands of Ame
cans throughout the whole cot
try are beginning to realize th
this issue is shot through w
politics," Russell said.
The bill before the Senate w
called up by Johnson, a potent
candidate for the Democra
presidential nomination. He h
promised last session that I
Senate would begin civil rigj
consideration in mid-February.
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REPAIR WORK ON ALL MAKES
MO RRI LIL'S
MEET-Premier Nikita S. Khrushchev yesterday landed in Burma
for a 36-hour stay with the Burmese leaders. Though neutralist,
Burma greeted Khrushchev with a 21-gun salute and a tribute as
a man of peace. Today Khrushchev will fly to Indonesia.
1956 visit, embraced the Soviet
leader. Nu likely will become
prime minister in April. His par-
ty won in general elections 10
days ago.
Subdued
Khrushchev's demeanor was
subduedthroughout the day and
he displayed little of his usual
bounce. He had shown weariness
in India. But when Nu asked him
how he felt, Khrushchev replied:
"Fine, fine."
Before leaving Calcutta for
Rangoon, Khrushchev said he was
optimistic that India can settle
with Red China their dispute over
about 50,000 square miles of ter-
ritory on the Himalayan border.
The delicate topic of border dis-
putes probably will not arise dur-
ing Khrushchev's stay in Ran-
goon. Peiping Radio said Red
China's state council has ap-
proved a nonaggression pact and
partial border settlement signed
with Burma Jan. 28.
314 S. State
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