Seventieth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
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'CANTICUM SACRUM':
Music Epitomizes Cathedral

"when Opinions Are Free
Truth Will Prevail"

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.


URDAY, MAY 14, 1960

NIGHT EDITOR: JUDY DONER


Proposed Changes
In Women's Rush

rro...
PANHELLENIC's proposal for fall open houses
to replace the mixer set in women's rush
will ultimately create a much better psycho-
logical climate for the rush system.
Spreading out the open houses over two week-
ends means that studies and social activities
will be less disrupted by rush. The new plan
only uses Saturday and Sunday afternoons
and Sunday evenings. The five days between
are free for studying. Fridays are not involved
at all, and Saturday paties end before 5 p.m.
This would hopefully tend to lower the stag-
gering drop-out rate immediately after the
first set, when exhausted rushees feel that they
simply cannot bear another two weeks of such
pressure to leave a good impression.
SEPARATING the mixer set from the rest of
rush acquaints the rushees with the sorority
system before they begin the serious selection
process. They have an opportunity to see the
houses and meet the girls before discussing
sorority membership with their parents during
Christmas vacation.
Because the open houses will fall in the
middle of the semester, students are well into
their studies; they know how much time they
need to study; they know what assignments
will be due during the open house period and
can budget their time.
THE NEW PREFERENCING proposal is per-
haps the most effective part of the system.
Immediately after the rushee visits her twenty-
second house she returns to the League in her
rush group to list all houses in the order she
preferred them.
At the same time, the houses submit their
lists of the rushees they would like to invite
back. Neither the houses nor the rushees know
the results of this preferencing until the be-
ginning of formal rush in February
Much mixer tension stems from the rushee's
feeling that she is powerless in the selection
process, that she can only sit and wait for the
sororities to choose her. With this type of
preferencing, the rushee feels that she has made
a decision, and that the houses she will visit
in the next set are determined to some degree
by the order in which she ranked them.
D URING THE interim between open houses.
and rush, the rushee knows that the sorori-
ties also Dave no way of knowing which girls
will return to their houses. She will feel less
self-conscious, since no one knows any more
about the situation than she.
Even more valuable, the sororities will not
be able to concentrate their good impressions
on the girls they want back. It would be rather
silly for them to exert honeyed pressure on a
girl and then find that the girl did not rank
them highly. Conversely, affiliates would be
less inclined to ignore any rushees, for fear
that they would meet them again at the next
set.
MUCH OF THE effectiveness of this program
will depend'on the attitudes instilled by
the rushing counselors.
It will be extremely difficult to develop this
attitude the first year, since girls who are going
through rush for the second time will be ac-
quainted with the old mixer system. The job
of changing preconceived feelings about the
first set will be harder than that of creating a
relaxed atmosphere for the new rushees.
Eventually, however, the open houses would
be regarded simply as get-acquainted sessions,
and not as an integral part of rush. It is this
attitude-which cannot be developed in one
year, or perhaps even two or three-which will
Immeasurably reduce the tension of rush.
Np RUSH PROCEDURE alone can effectively
combat rush tension, particularly post-
mixer tension. The necessary attitude change
will certainly not take place this year. How-
ever, the new proposal has the capacity to
encourage the desired attitude over a period of
years.
It would be quite unfair L judge the pro-
posal merely from its immediate effects. To
approach an ideal in a rush situation will take
many years, and rush tension will not dis-
solve regardless of the procedure used next

year.
The value of the fall open house proposal
is that with proper administration it has the
capacity to eventually minimize post-mixer
tension.
-PATRICIA GOLDEN

Con ...

I

IT'S TIME for relief in rush. No girl should be
expected to meet and separately converse
with more than 100 other girls in 55 consecu-
tive hours. The present rush calendar forces
just such an endurance test upon both rushees
and rushers at mixers, and barely lightens the
social load during the remaining two weeks
or so.
A ighter load would be welcomed, and efforts
in this direction are commendable. But calen-
daring mixers in December rather than directly
before the bulk of rush is not necessarily an
effective solution to the obvious problem.
THOUGH THERE may be answers, this may
not be the best. It might relieve pressure
on the girls involved, and emphasis on inde-
pendent-affiliate differences, and it might not.
The two weekends of mixers would give
rushees a' longer period of time to observe the
houses-decreasing the number of conversa-
tions per consecutive hour for them as well as
the sorority girls.
Coming two months before the February
sessions begin, these "open houses" might not
set up so great a pressure for girls in either
position to put forward that "best face" which
so often is more "best" than pleasant. Both
may feel less "on trial" with final acceptance
or rejection so hazy in the distant future.
SUCH IS THE atmosphere Panhellenic Asso-
ciation is hoping the new plan would call
forth.
But it may merely set the pressure cooker to
steaming sooner, bringing prolonged and greater
tension to the sororities, and more particularly
to the rushees.
December is a difficult time for the new
freshman. Superficial adjustment comes in
early fall, but it is not until later that most
freshman girls begin to settle into the Univer-
sity. December social life is active, with fra-
ternity pledge formals and the dormitory for-
mals. MUSKET appears one of those weekends,
the "Messiah" production another. The test of
the first three months in University classes
comes with midsemesters and papers due each
of those December weeks. And finals must be
prepared for.
No one can be expected to study during any
form of rush, be it mixers or "open houses," as 
they are called in.the new plan. There may be
time, but concentration is impossible.'
CAMPUS-WIDE calendaring difficulties pre-
.sentthemselves. Could the girls adequately
organize a dormitory formal while participating
in rush the same afternoon? Granted that there
are girls who do not rush to do the prepara-
tion, isn't it a major objective of dormitory
activity to involve would-be sorority girls in
these proceedings? Or what about the MUSKET
and "Messiah" matinee crowds? Rushees and
rushers would not necessarily attend perform-
ances in the evenings when they would have
time, and the hard-to-sell matinee crowd would
be further depleted.
But the greatest damage may well result in
an effect of the December mixers plan just the
opposite of what its backers foresee. Starting
so soon brings rush more clearly in more ways
much earlier to both sorority and non-sorority
girls. The girl who has been through the houses
and met "the Greeks" will be more aware they
are present in classes, on campus, and at parties.
She will have greater incentive to wonder how
she may fit in.
SORORITIES MEANWHILE will know in gen-
eral what girls they are rushing. Looking at
"girls," collectively, rather than "rush," nebu-
lously, they may be more apt to "dirty rush" a
few girls, specifically.
And though it may seem ironic that one dis-
senter remarked when the plan was presented,
"We'll have to smile all the time," a face-crack-
ing smile is not the pleasantest two-month ex-
pression one could hope to carry.
December "open houses" may work or they
may not. The only way they possibly could
work is for the sorority houses to make con-
certed effort to put across the atmosphere
Panhel hopes for. Presumably, the non-affiliates
would follow the affiliate lead here.
But if there is not lessened tension and there
is not deemphasis, there will be instead an in-
crease in rush-worry and more noticed inde-
pendent-affiliate distinctions. One way or the

other. And if chances for the latter effect are
even slightly more than slight, the prolonged
and intensive search for a new rush calendar
should be further prolonged and intensified.
-NAN MARKEL

By DAVID SUTHERLAND
Daily Staff Reviewer
THE "CANTICUM Sacrum," of
Igor Stravinsky, begins in what
appears to be a manner more than
normally eccentric, even for Stra-
vinsky.
The dedication, "To the City of
Venice, in~ praise of its Patron
Saint, the Blessed Mark, Apostle,"
is sung, in a heraldic duet, by the
tenor and baritone soloists, ac-
companied by the low brass in-
struments.
Yet the importance which Stra-
vinsky obviously attaches to the
dedication is a most revealing hint
about the nature of the work,
which is dedicated to Venice not
only by this startlingly emphatic
pronounceient, but the musical
idiom in which it is written.
Venice has a long, glorious and
very individualistic tradition in
music, a tradition which Stravin-
sky explores within the frame-
work of his own style.
a s
"CANTICUM SACRUM" is
scored for a colorful array of in-
struments and vocalists: a large
complement of brass and wind in-
struments (the latter mostly
double reeds), violas and basses,
harp and organ; four-part chorus;
tenor and baritone soloists.
These forces are set with and,
against each other in the con-
stantly shifting combinations of
the "concerto" style, the great
achievement of musical Venice in
the sixteenth century. The organ-
chief pride and greatest glory of
St. Mark's Cathedral-acts as the
third and quite independent mem-
ber of a triumvirate: voices, in-
struments and organ.
The exotic Moorish influence, so
striking in the Cathedral, is ex-
emplified in the second movement,
"Surge, aquilo," a florid aria on a
text from the Song of Songs, for
tenor, flute, English horn and
harp, with a few chords of bass
harmonics.
* * *
STRAVINSKY achieves an ex-
traordinary variety of aural effects
in the work, as if the rich acousti-'
cal properties of the Cathedral
acted as a catalyst upon the vari-
ous elements of sound. There is
even, in the fourth movement, an
echo effect between chorus and
baritone solo.
Indeed, as Robert Craft has

pointed out, the acoustics of the
Cathedral are obviously taken into
account in "Canticum Sacrum."
Large scale or complex sound is
sustained only briefly, then punc-
tuated by a pause to allow the air
to clear. The result is a musical
syructure built of short self-con-
tained phrases analogous to the
myriad arches and domes of the
Cathedral.
MUCH HAS BEEN made of the
analogy between the floor plan of
the Cathedral and the form of
"Canticum Sacrum." The last
movement of the "Canticum" is
a retrograde of the first, the same
music, but played backward - a
symmetry exactly corresponding to
the left and right wings of the
transept.
So, too, the three sections of
the middle movement are all com-
posed on a single twelve-note row,
but the middle section transposes
the row to a higher pitch-like the
three domes of St. Mark's, the
middle dome being the highest.
Yet the form of "Canticum
Sacrum" is equally an outgrowth
of the text. The retrograde identity
of the first and last movements
expresses the relationship of the
texts: "Go ye forth into all the
world and preach the gospel ...";
"And they went forth and preach-
ed everywhere . . ." (both texts
from Mark 16).

The text of the middle move-
ment, "In praise of the three vir-
tues: love, hope, faith," is practi-
cally a doctrinal summary of the
Christian teachings. Here the mu-
sic is in an austere, contrapuntal
style, the tone row which is the
basis of the music sounding forth
unmistakably, categorically.
THE SECOND and fourth move-
ments, each in its own way, ex-
press the existential aspects of
the virtues: sensuality on the one
hand, unbelief on the other. Here
the music, still strictly derived
from a tone row, is less clearly
articulated, has a broken surface.
In the "Canticum Sacrum" Stra-
vinsky stands in one of the great
musical traditions, a tradition
which is characteristically Italian.
The organization of the music is
always apparent, audible, never
hidden. By contrast, in a great deal
of twelve - tone row music the
listener is not able to detect the
row.
It may almost be stated as a
paradoxical principle that the
more strictly organized in the
serial technique music is, the more
random it sounds. But Stravinsky's
use of serial organization appeals
to the ear.
In "Canticum Sacrum" form
exists as a musical expression of
the text, as well as for its own
sake.

more than one similarity. Suffice
it to say that they both are
stamped with the same, sophisti-
cated technique; in its own way,
"Our Man in Havana" is every bit
as good a picture.
* * *
IT IS ALSO, in view of recent
world events, a timely comment
on. the cloak and dagger boys.
Guinness, a widower who runs a
not very lucrative vacuum clean-
ing establishment in Havana, is
approached by agent 95200 (Noel
Coward).
Seems the Home Office lacks a
man in Havana, and Coward de-
cides that Guinness would be Just
the thing. He is, after all, English
and owns a respectable business.
After a hilariously furtive con-
ference in the "Gents," during
which the spigots are turned on to
foil a possible microphone, Guin-
ness accepts. However, it. is a
purely economic decision. He wants
to supply his daughter with the
finer things of life,-
AFTER GIVING GUINNESS his
number (95200 stroke 5) and his
code book ("Lamb's Tales from
Shakespeare," in Latin) Coward
departs, leaving Alec with the
considerable task of recruiting five
other agents (whose numbers will
be 95200 stroke 5 stroke 1, etc.).
As Guinness explains to his old
friend, the doctor (Burl Ives) he
doesn't know many people in Ha-
vana, especially people who might
know secrets.
At Ives' suggestion, Guinness in-
vites his agents, taking their
names from a country club regis-
try, and further invents their sec-
ret discoveries, one of which is
purportedly the drawing of a
secret site-a dynamo, perhaps-
but which in reality is a highly
imaginative representation of a
vacuum cleaner.
The-Home Office is delighted,
and Guinness receives a bonus
(along with the other agents'
pay)
THE PLOT, as they say, thick-
ens. The opposition assumes Guin-
ness and his "agents" to be serious
threats. Result: the country club
loses a member, Guinness' life is
threatened, and the comparatively
innocent Mr. Ives ends up with
his face on the bar-room floor
and a bullet in the back.
Objections might be raised at
this suddenly serious turn of
events, for Guinness, hitherto in-
capable of hurting a fly, venge-
fully tracks down and shoots the
killer.
I tend to view this as a natural
development of his character. Al-
though he is politically agnostic,
and loyal to love rather than to
countries, he is forced to take a
personal stand in a game that has
ceased to be funny.
The acting is appropriately low:'
level, and what is to be expected
from such veterans. Ernie Kovacs
is coming into his own.
And not the least of the pic-
ture's merits is that the music is
handled with taste.
-J. L. Forsht

LETTERS:
'U'Policies,
Agitaing
To the Editor:
THIS YEAR the administration
has revealed its complete lack
of integrity and moral courage.
In the fight for the Regent's By-
law on Discrimination, each of the
top administrators claimed to
agree with us, but each insisted
that he could do nothing about
discrimination in the dorms.
Then they suspended Stan Lubin
and Mark Hall for protesting ad-
ministrative edicts and casting the
University in a "bad light."
Thus the administration showed
the main qualities of bureaucracy
-that it is non-responsible, and
lives off the life blood of its sub-
jects.
IN THE LIBERAL tradition of
education, the individual is free
to live as he thinks best, provided
he does not interfere with the
health, safety, education, or wel-
fare of his fellows. Now, however,
two more outspoken students have
been added to the illustrious list
of people, including H. Chandler
Davis and others, thrown to the
wolves by the University.
In their fever to make Michi-
gan "bigger and better" the ad-
ministration has sold out student
and faculty freedom in favor of a
Madison Avenue technique of pre-
senting a good "image" of the Uni-
versity that will please the con-
servative legislature.
To compound their betrayal of
the liberal intellectual tradition,
the administration, in its four
edicts which immediately preceded
and immediately precipitated the
East Quad march, exemplified
Parkinson's Principle in which ad-
ministrators pass unnecessary reg-
ulations, simply to prove that they
are doing a job.
"TIHE CONCEPT of a university
.. was established as a flaming
protest . . . but state universities
... aren't too happy with flaming
protests." . . . Prof. Gerald Else.
Now the University suffers from
the same malady as society. It is
time for right thinking people to
free the University from the chains
of conformity. Otherwise, more
growth, accompanied by more
regimentation, for more efficiency
will only turn Michigan into the
world's largest diploma mill.
-Robert Bailey, '61
Honoraries . .
To the Editor:
T IS INDEED thrilling and in-
spiring to see a few campus
"honoraries" still carrying out the
essences and principles of Ameri-
can Democracy to the utmost by
behaving in a personally degrad-
ing fashion.
-Robert E. Henshaw, Grad.

AT THE MICHIGAN:
Subtle Spy Spoofs
Strained Situation
GIVEN THE INGREDIENTS that constitute "Our Man in Havana,"
it would seem impossible not to make a good picture. It features
Alec Guinness, Noel Coward, Ralph Richardson, Ernie Kovacs, Burl Ives
and Maureen O'Hara. It was produced and directed by Carol Reed and
based on a novel by Graham Greene, who also wrote the screenplay.
That the latter pair work well together is evidenced by their earlier
effort, "The Third Man," which dealt seriously with black market
operations in Vienna. Their current collaborations deals satirically with
espionage activity in Havana. ¢n extensive comparison of these two
pictures, despite their admittedly disparate approaches, would uncover


I

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:

Squeeze Play on Berlin
,dy DREW PEARSON

BERLIN-Most people have for-
gotten it, but the only reason
for calling next week's summit
conference was the allied isolated
city of Berlin, still occupied by
French, British and American
troops 15 years after the war and
still sticking like a very irritating
free - enterprise thumb into the
side of European communism.
It was only because Comrade
Nikita Khrushchev threatened to
squeeze them out of Berlin. by
force that President Dwight D.
Eisenhower reversed John Foster
Dulles a few weeks after he was
buried and decided that the United
States would agree to a summit
conference.
Accordingly I came to this key
city in advance of Paris to report
on two big question marks-first,
whether Berlin can be defended
in case Khrushchev gets tough in
Paris; second, whether it's worth
defending.
It will be remembered after
Khrushchev made his series of
demands that the Allied troops
be removed from Berlin that
United States military experts
met at Quantico and advised that,
in case of a showdown, the United
States could not break another
Berlin blockade; therefore, we
should follow a policy of talk and
not fight.
Exactly one year minus one
month has passed since then and
the question now is whether we
are still any better off to champ-
ion the most important non-Com-
munist city in Europe.
TO GET THE ANSWERS I ask-
ed West Berlin's dynamic Mayor
Willy Brandt what he thought of
Eisenhower's earlier press con-
ference statement that there is
unlikely to be any Berlin block-
ade because "much of the raw
materials West Berlin draws come
from East Germany. They are a
very fine customer of raw mater-
ials in that region and they deal
also greatly with West Germany
in commerce made out of these
raw materials," Ike had said.
"We were puzzled when we read
that statement," Mayor Brandt
replied, "because we get no raw
materials from East Germany and
our total trade with East Germany
is only one per cent. However, "
he added,;"there are other reasons

why I believe there will not be a
new blockade of Berlin.
"Khrushchev's public relations
advisers will tell him that the
story of a city beleagured and
starving is one which would arouse
great sympathy throughout the
world. Khrushchev is peculiarly
sensitive to public relations.
"However," continued the Mayor
of Berlin, "we are now in a better
position than during the blockade
10 years ago. We have enough coal
to last some time, also gasoline.
It is now 8 o'clock," he said, look-
ing at his watch. "At 8:30 all gas-
oline stations in Berlin would stop
operating in case of another block-
ade and two days later we would
be on gas rationing."
"Do you have the rationing
tickets printed?" I asked.
"Yes," replied the Mayor, "so I
don't think Khrushchev will un-
dertake a full blockage of Ber-
lin. What he may undertake is
some sort of limited blockade in
order to force recognition of East
Germany.'.
MILITARILY, however, Khru-
shchev's hand is stronger than one

year ago when the United States
military experts met at Quantico
and recommended we could not
break a new Berlin blockade. He's
not only stronger than one year
ago, but is much stronger than
during the last summit conference
five years ago and since the Ber-
lin blockade of 10 years ago.
Here is how strong Khrushchev
is: Russia has 23 divisions in East
Germany; the United States has
four divisions in West Germany.
The East German army is a crack
disciplined force of half a million
men; the West German army is
in the process of building up to
12 divisions, and no match for it.
Some observers speculate wheth-
er the East German army could
be relied on to fight, but our ex-
perts have noted unhappily that
it appears under tight commu-
nist control and that, while the
East German police have some-
times refused to carry out com-
munist orders against the German
people, there is no such record in
the East German army.
a .
ASIDE FROM GROUND troops
the United States has 1,000 short-
range missiles in Germany, all
nuclear armed. Though their
range is only 300 miles they pack
enough firepower to turn all Ger-
many into a blackened desert.
However, the Russians are be-
lieved to have far more atomic
missiles on their side of the Ger-
man border. We have not detected
any IRBM sites in East Germany
but the Soviets have hundreds of
intermediate missiles in their own
territory capable of hitting any
target in Germany. In brief, we
are outgunned in missiles and
rockets.
In airpower Russia now has su-
periority of approximately ten to
one in Germany. Ten years ago
we had air superiority both in
Europedand throughout the world.
This is why the military cards
today are definitely in Khrush-
chev's hands as he prepares to sit
at the bargaining table with Eis-
enhower in Paris. That's why we
have to rely on world opinion more
than on arms, and when that ob-
servation plane was shot down
over Russia a pretty big hole was
shot in world opinion.
(Copyright 1960, by the Bell Syndicate)

SPEECH DEPARTMENT:
'Journey' Falls Short
Of High Dramatic Point

DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p m. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
SATURDAY, MAY 14, 1960
VOL. LXX, No. 167
General Notices
The Men's Glee Club will present its
101st annual Spring Concert, Sat., May
14, in Hill Aud. There will be two per-
formances: 7:00 and 9:30 p.m. Ticets
are on sale from 9:00 am. until con-
cert time at Hill Aud. All seats are re-
served and cost fifty cents.
Special Notice To All Ushers For The
Glee Club spring Concert. All persons
who have signed up to usher for the
Glee Club Spring Concerts please note:
The original plan to have only one con-
(Continued on Page 8)

NORMAN Sarver Foster's "Jour-
ney To A Distant Point," this
season's original offering produced
by the University Speech Depart-
ment is an expansive and thor-
oughly detailed composite exam-
ining war's effects on man.
Although Mr. Foster's intention
was obviously sincere and his at-
tempt was indeed ambitious in
nature, "Journey" somehow man-
aged to leave this viewer with a
wholly detached feeling and baffle
fatigue. One seems to be experi-
encing neither war nor drama. ,
The most outstanding quality
one can discern about Mr. Foster's
play seems to be its astonishingly
diffuseness. While the drama is
bestowed with several touching
momements-certainly none more
moving nor effective than the
first scene at Maria Helene's wine
cellar-a significant moment here
and a significant moment there
does not make for drama of
stature.

GREAT DRAMA demands total
unity. Mr. Foster seems to
have attempted to inject every-
thing in his "Journey" but unity.
And it is this lack of unity which
eventually acts to overcome the
other merits of the writing.
And there are merits. Although
"Journey" comes equipped with
an extraordinary number of
"stock" characters Mr. Foster has
created a very unique and inter-
esting portrait of a chaplain who
has lost faith.
Also there is a nice sketching
of a woman married to a German
who runs a wine cellar for Ameri-
ca and its allies.
AS TO THE production Itself
little complimentary can actu-
ally be accorded. A very durable
performance given by C. David
Colson in a very demanding and
lengthly primary role.
And the support given him by
Joan Glueckman, Jane Susan
Kurtz and John Smead is ade-
quate if indistinguished.
But the rest of the group was
for the most part totally inex-
perienced, and would best appear
in lesser attempts than assaulting
the audience's patience in a major
offering again. The scenery and
lighting were as practical as they

S OTHERS SEE IT:
Open Door Policy




A SIGN OF THE TIMES was the open hear-
ing which was held for Sigma Chi by the
.nterfraternity Council', Judicial Committee
ast week.
Tr, _ir.-rad nf.Ph daa,. was . ru

set the open hearing could become quite suc-
cessful.
THE OPEN-DOOR policy which Schaar has
initiated will enable fraternity men to find

gort

By Michael Kelly

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