I I

J.S. Charges Red Actions

Dim Hopes

for

RED PREMIER-Nikita S. Khrushchev set the controversy over the spy flight of an
plane over Russia last week when he announced it had been shot down by Russi
1.-

-Red Leader
Denounces
U.S. Policy
MOSCOW (o) - Secretary of
State Christian A. Herter's defense
of the spy plane incident "is the
kind of statement that could only
be made in a country in a state
of war," Soviet Premier Nikita S.
Khrushchev declares.
"If the United States is going to
unleash war and if they have
never experienced an atom bomb
on their territory, they certainly
will in the first minutes of a war,"
he added.
These blunt statements were re-
leased from censorship yesterday
20 hours after Khrushchev made
them at a news conference with
Soviet and foreign correspondents
Wednesday.
Khrushchev castigated Francis
G. Powers, pilot of the U-2 jet
reconnaissance plane downed May
Day deep inside Russia for making
"a gangster and bandit raid" and
added, "We shall try him-try
him severely as a spy."'
Sharpest Remarks
The penalty for spying is 10
years in prison to death before a
firing squad.
But Khrushchev saved his
sharpest remarks for Herter as
he talked to correspondents at an
exhibit of espionage articles the
Russians say Powers carried
aboard his plane.
Herter had defended the right
of a nation to make reconnais-
sance flights over the territory of
a possible enemy and declared
such flights would continue.
Threat to Peace
This, Khrushchev said, is "a'
threat to peace . .. if there are
any further such aggressions we
will strike out at the aggressors."
Shaking his fist and looking
very angry, the Premier declared,
"These are audacious and brazen
statements. This is the kind of
statement that could only be made
by a country in a state of war
with another country, and we are
not at war with the United States.i
"And that is why I say these
statements were audacious and
brazen. Impudence! Impudence!
Impudence!"
Very excited, Khrushchev con-
tinued, "Herter says the Soviet
Union is to blame because it does
not give the United States access
to its secrets and the United
States needs to have that access."

KOREAN PROFESSOR:
Student Demonstr
Show Sense of Ju

Summit
Eisenhower
Set To Seek
Agreements
Determined To Visit
Russia as Planned
zW WASHINGTON (AP)-The United
States said last night Russia's
handling of the American spy
plane case raises doubts about
the Soviets' readiness to reduce
tensions at the East-West summit
conference.
In a formal note, the state de-
partment said President Dwight
D. Eisenhower will go to Paris pre-
pared to cooperate fully in seeking
fast-West agreements to ease
tensions.
American U-2 The note came in reply to a
ian rocket fire. Russian protest demanding an im-
mediate halt to all United States
spy flights over Russia. The
Soviets three days ago branded
such flights "hostile acts" and
threatened to retaliate in the fu-
ea tio s ture against them.
In a brief answer delivered in
* Moscow yesterday the United
Stice States again acknowledged that
it has sent such spy flights over
Russia but "for purely defensive
utional violations urposes."
a ations Rejects Accusations
tang reasons. The The note emphatically denied
was that the Na-
Act in unconsti- that these flights have any ag-
t suppresses free- gressive intent or that the pene-
Prof. Hong added. tration by an unarmed U2 high
ct on bills passed flying jet was ordered to block
Assembly. He im- success of the Paris summit meet-
independence by ing.
ices of -the Su- There were these other develop-
political reasons. ments amid the continuing furore
Demands over the American spy plane
aused one of the downed in Russia 12 days ago:
students. eyTo Go Ahead
al of those mem- 1) Eisenhower was described as
een appointed in determined to go ahead with a
scheduled goodwill visit to Russia,
I an amendment unless Premier Nikita S. Khrush-
ion which called chev personally suggests he stay
number of terms home.
. Previously, only 2) Senate Majority Leader Lyn-
nt had this right. don B. Johnson of Texas said
Rhee sought elec- Khruschchev is overplaying his
insure his victory hand by his outraged protests of
method of presi- innocence. Johnson said Khrush-
an, through an chev should stop "being sancti-
m indirect to di- monious" and discuss real issues
the people. This dividing East and West.
the beginning of 3) The White House reported
his demands and that Eisenhower probably will
more pronounced. make a farewell statement to the
Policy nation before leaving for Paris
ce served as vice- tomorrow night.
LLAL~i~L± V. lil ff ~ i.LL. d1U

HAVANA P) - Cuban soldiers
and sailors ambushed, shot down
and killed an American pilot on
a highway outside Havana yester-
day.
They said he was on a secret
flight to smuggle out fugitives from
the Castro government.
This latest United States-based
plane flight is certain to add fuel
to the anti-American campaign
already being conducted here by
the press, radio and organizations'
backing Prime Minister Fidel Cas-
tro as "our maximum leader."
They claim the United States is
getting ready to attack Cuba.
The dead pilot was identified as
Matthews Edward Duke, an adven-

-AP Wirephoto
CUBAN CROWD-Cubans view. wreckage of an American plane
which was shot down by Premier Fidel Castro's soldiers yesterday.
The pilot, from Palm Beach, Fla., was killed.
American Pilot Caught,
Killed by Cuban Soldiers

ture - loving airman who last
known address was in Palm
Beach, Fla. Florida has been the
takeoff point for a number of
illegal flights to Cuba, and Duke
was one of 29 fliers already on the
United States border patrol's
blacklist.
Airport operators had been
warned by United States immigra-
tion authorities not to rent a
plane to Duke under any circum-
stances. The Federal Aviation
Authority said he managed to rent
one recentl yat Baton Rouge, La.,
by saying he was flying to Texas
for a cargo of spare airplane
parts.

By SUSAN HERSHBERG
"The recent student demonstra-
tions in Korea indicate an expres-
sion of a sense of justice of the
students, who are assuming great
responsibility in a growing coun-
try," Prof. Hun Pyo Hong, Tang-
kook University in Seoul, Korea,
said yesterday.
He and Prof. Se Chang Yoon of
Korea University, attributed the
students' activities to several fac-
tors; they are better informed and
possibly more intelligent than the
average Korean, they are learning
the new trends of democracy in
the Western world, and they are
standing up for justice.
Prof. Yoon said the Constitution
of Korea, established in 1947, is
one of the most advanced in the
world. However, as President
Syngman Rhee's time in office
continued, his abuses and consti-
tutional violations increased.
"He tried to curb the opposi-
tion. He set up the National Se-
curity Act, Feb. 24, 1959, to op-
press freedom of the press and to
destroy the system of local auton-
omy. The people in general, the
students in particular, were aware
of this development, and the stu-
dents finally stood up," Prof. Yoon
said. -
General Objection
The general objections to Rhee
were that he remained in power
too long; he curbed freedom of
the press; and that he tried to
destroy Korea's two-party system.
The National Security Act pro-
hibited criticism of the president,
chief justice, and the speaker of
the National Assembly.
"The direct cause of the upris-
ing is the fraudulent rigging of
the election by the pro-govern-
ment party," Prof. Hong said.
Approve .Aid
Authorization
WASHINGTON (A) - Congres-
sional authority for a $4,086,300,-
000 foreign aid program was sent
to President Dwight D. Eisenhow-
er yesterday with a blast from
Sen. J. William Fulbright (D-Ark)
against new restrictions on its ad-
ministration.
The compromise bill, passed by
the House 240-138 and by voice
vote on the Senate, authorizes all
but $88 million of what Eisenhow-
er asked.

Rhee's constit
were also import
most important
tional Security,
tutional in that i
dom of speech, F
Rhee failed to a'
by the National.
paired judicial
appointing Just
preme Court for
Causes.1
This last act c
demands of the
called for remove
bers who have b
this way.
Rhee initiated
to the constitut
for an unlimited
for the president
the first presider
In 1952, when.
tion, he tried to
by changing the
dential electic
amendment, fror
rect election by
probably marked
the period when
abuses became c
Basic
Prof. Hong on
minia~p o hnr

D I AG 2:00 to 5:00 Friday 13

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U


miniser of home alairs unaer
Dr. Cho who ran on the opposing
ticket, the Liberal Party, in the
last elections. "There is no doubt
that the new government will con-
sider it one of its most basic poli-
cies to establish good relations
with the United States," he em-
phasized.
The new times are refered to as
the second republic by the popu-
lace. Presumably it will realize
the importance of respecting the
rights and views of the people.
Smaller Party
From the aggregation of people
from the Democratic party and
from the population who make up
the new order, Professors Hong
and Yoon expect a smaller party
to emerge.
The present government is only
a "caretaker government" which
is preparing for the new govern-
ment. Thus, it has not developed
clear-cut policies.
The temporary government's
job now is to amend the consti-
tution in accordance with its orig-
inal spirit, to dissolve the pro-
Rhee National Assembly, and to
run new elections for executives,
cabinet, and National Assembly.
Prof. Yoon expressed hope that
Americans will reappraise Korea,
for "whatever mistakes have been
made in the past, this does not
show an inability of Korea to have
a democracy."~
The two professors are onta
three-month tour of the United
States, visiting courts, universi-
ties, factories, and legal institu-
tions. They both said "Our main
objective is to promote friendship
between the United States and
Korea by studying and observing
the United States ways of life."



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