Seventieth Year, EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD TN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG.'* ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 Grosse Pointe's Inbred Image ien Opons Are Pree rruth Wi PrevaU" Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. . APRIL 29, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL BURNS Negative Phrasing, Positive Action 'TUDENT Government Council's new, posi- tive phrasing of its proposed anti-discrimi- ation ruling changes nothing, and can only take the public wonder why the Council oesn't realize it. True, the new formula begins on a sanguine ote : "All recognized student organizations hall select membership and afford opportuni- Les to members on the basis of personal nerit .. . ," but the negative ultimately creeps n with ". .. and not race, color, religion, creed, .ational origin and ancestry." If the Council is looking for a ruling which hows real good faith and acts as a positive tide in membership -selection, why not simply ay, "All recognized student organizations shall elect membership on the basis of personal nerit only." Thus no snide, negative shadow of suspicion would be cast in advance, so to speak, on the H0 Polloi ONE FINDS THAT Dean Edmund G. Williamson of the University of Min- nesota delivered an address to the eleventh annual Big Ten Conference of Interfra- ternity Councils and Panhellenic Associa- tions. His topic was "How the Greeks Can Maintain Effective Leadership Although a Minority." For universities of today, this viewpoint is a curious one indeed, and one that ap- pears justified neither by history nor ethics. -P.F. organization. The regulation would presume no particular five unethical membership selection criteria take precedence over others. It. would offer as a liberal (though ambiguous) stand- ard, "personal merit," which (considering the secret membership selection procedures most fraternities use) is in any case the most suit- able because it puts the burden of proof on the individual. BECAUSE the number of interpretations which can be placed on "personal merit' 'is innumerable, such a term will not work as sole standard. Who knows what forms of bias this colorless phrase could hide? This is undoubted- ly the rationale for including the half of the rule ,which says, "thou shalt not." And there is added support for this rather negative stipulation: the November Regents' Bylaw which reads, "The University shall not discriminate against any person because of race, color, religion, creed, national origin *or ancestry." After all, isn't the new regulation to be an implementation of the Regents' policy as stated? This was an important point in the rationale for the motion as originally brought to the Council. To take a stand against a social evil is positive. If. the Council wants to show a positive attitude, it should be no more hesi- tant in expressing its position than the Re- gents were. The Regents' Bylaw continues, "Further, it (the University) shall work for the elimination of discrimination in private organizations.. ." This is an example of the considered positive attitude whch the Council needs and wants. --JEAN SPENCER By DAVID COOK Daily staff writer "GROSSE POINTE," commented Time magazine last week, has its grosser points. The story dealt withthe controversy which is currently raging over the point- rating system used by the Grosse Pointe Property Owners Associa- tion in determining in conjunction with the Grosse Pointe Brokers Association just who may live in the fashionable suburb of Detroit. "We think they (both associa- tions) deserve our sincere thanks, and our support," countered the Grosse Pointe News, the com- munity's senior publication and society billboard, which admitted that it saw "these things in a far different light than that shed under the ugly appelation of racial prejudice." * . TO MANY, however, neither Time nor the Grosse Pointe News has done the situation justice. "Grosser points" is a conservative slap on the hand; a close look at the editorial published in the News reveals a screen of shallow think- ing thrown up in clumsy support of both the intentions and meth- ods of the property owners. Although Time reported realtor Paul Maxon as saying that the system is "approved by at least 95 per cent of the people out here," it seems rather doubtful if, the system does in fact enjoy that kind of support. By its own admission, the Asso- ciation represents only 973 fami- lies out of a population of close to 50,000. . What is interesting, not only to the outsider, but to many Pointe residents who have been rela- tively unaware of the screening system, is the justification offered for it by the News, which may be considered the quasi-official pub- lic spokesman of the property people. * "En "WE ADMIlRE their interest in attempting to guard standards al- ready achieved, or seeking to ob- tain an environment that has been part of dreams not yet come true," crowed the News. It would seem that here one is almost forced to stop and question just what standards and dreams the Association is concerned with. A few tepid suggestions are in turn offered by the News, "keeping up their properties . . . guard their own property rights . .. (so) we can boast of one of the most beautiful residential areas any- where." These considerations, al- though valid in a minor way, do not scratch the surface of the motives behind the activities of the Association. In fact, many more people than Grosse Pointe evidently realizes hold these same considerations about their homes and properties. * * * WHAT SEEMS important, and it is relevant to note that the Grosse Pointe philosophy is repre- sentative rather than unique, is the apparent striving towards mass homoegeneity in the image of what the Association must con- sider to be an "American." An "American," according to the Association, should speak without an accent, dress conserv- atively, have a "typically Ameri- can" name, and should not have a swarthy complexion. This de- termines "who gets in." "Who gets in," and "who does not" has proved to be a question which many people have been un- able to resist exploiting. "By these standards," a Grosse Pointe Congregationalist minister noted last Sunday morning, "Jesus Christ would only score 45 points. Unfortunately, the Association says Jews need 85." Maxom, reported Time, reas- sured them that he was "sure Al- bert Einstein would have been accepted here." The man who de- veloped the relativity theory could easily have had for neighbors any one of a number of recognized gangsters who have been able to qualify, apparently on the basis of appearance rather than repu- tation. THE ULTIMATE result of vig- orous application of the screening system would be a city of people remarkably similar in general ap- pearance, dress, language, and names. To maintain this concept of cultural incest, the Association would keep elements out of the city which would threaten" to bring something of a different na- ture to bear on the Grosse Pointe outlook on life. . By arbitrarily classifying those who would live in the area, and through cooperation with the' bulk of real estate men, the Association can apply very effective economic pressure directed at discouraging and preventing individuals not cast in the specified mold from living in Grosse Pointe. Here a contradiction with the classical American "melting pot" tradition becomes self-evident. America became great behind the impetus of ideas which enabled it to draw on the best elements of many different cultures, and to combine a diversity of culture with a singleness of purpose called opportunity.' * * * THE DRIFT of Grosse Pointe provincialism seems dedicated to editing some sort=of "model Amer-, ican" out of the melting pot and gathering reflections of this image together around the ivy-cloaked ikon of Grosse Pointe. The Grosse Pointe News natu- rally is not inclined to directly state these purposes-perhaps the, issue, being on a superficial level, is much more simple to them. They feel that the Association is to be commended for its effort in trying to fulfill "a dream not yet come true." However, dreams are dreams - Grosse Pointe may be rudely awakened some grey morn- ing in the midst of a sterile so- ciety. WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND: Benson Prepares To Bow Out By DREW PEARSON INTERPRETING THE NEWS: Turkish Suppressions Inite Student Protests'' By J. M. ROBIERTS Associated Press News Analyst ANY TIME you see a government which feels it is necessary to suppress the means of communication among its people you see a government which both fears and invites an explosion. For years, now, the Turkish government has been jailing editors and closing down newspapers which criticized it. Persecution of opposing political parties has been a standard practice, and public discussion of it has been banned. But Turkey for centuries has been afraid' of Russia, in all the latter's political guises and the stages of her territorial aggrandizement. One of Soviet Russia's first post- war claims was for Turkish terri- tory. * * * SO TURKEY is a staunch mem- ber of both NATO and CENTO, the Western and Middle Eastern anti-Communist alliances. And so there has been no great Western outcry against the un- democratic practices of her gov- ernment, just as in the cases of Cuba's Batista, South Korea's Rhee, and all the other tyrannical regimes which have bought their licenses by opposing Communism. South Korea, after the poorly conceived postwar partition, was the first country founded under the wing of the United Natioxis. The free world, led as always by the United States, thus assumed responsibility for the ancient coun- try's destiny. It acted on this responsibility in the Korean War, which served notice on interna- tional Communism that military expansion would not be permitted. But Rhee opposed the armistice, and every other policy which would limit his desire to retake North Korea. Since 1950 he has been an embarrassment to the United (States and the other coun- tries which fought to save South Korea. BUT SUCH regimes as this un- like those of the Communists, have made the mistake of letting their young people learn about democracy. Turkish youths fighting for the freedom of others made a great name for themselves in Korea.', Now South Korean youth have reminded them that freedom be- gins at home. Turkey is the southeastern an- chor of the Western front. The anchor's firmness is vitally af- fected by the country's stability.. Prime Minister Adnan Menderes, whose resignation is being de- manded by the demonstrators, is unable to attend a CENTO alli- ance meeting because of the crisis at home. THE BIG THREE Western for- eign ministers and the NATO for- eign ministers are scheduled to meet in Istanbul over the next few days in pre-summit discus- sions. The Turkish students, appar- ently fired up by the success of democratic factions in Korea in recent days, could not have chosen a better moment to bring their complaints before the world if it had been more deliberately plan-j ned. The long trail of freedom through history is marked by the bodies of those who have fought for it. Yet, as Pindar the Greek poet put it 2,000 years ago, their efforts "are not lost in darkness, neither hath counting the cost fretted away the zeal of their hopes." S OTHERS SEE IT: Antitoch Admits Objector (EDITOR'S NOTE: The following editorial, recently printed in the Antioch College newspaper, con- cerns publicity given a New York high school student over his refusal on principle to sign a loyalty oath required by New York schools.) EDWARD JAHN, a Queens (N.Y.) high school student, has refused to sign a loyalty oath ecause he believes that it's a form of govern- aental coercion. Antioch has accepted him for fall admission wen though he will not have a high school iploma at that time because of his principled tand. "I refuse to sign because I do not believe >yalty can be forced this way'" he maintained. The loyalty oath goes against the assumption hat you are innocent unless proven guilty. It asumes you are guilty until you sign other- ,e." rAHN, UNLIKE other students in his school in the past who have signed under protest, r others who have just signed because "it's ot worth bothering about," feels that they ok the "easy way out," and believes "it's rorth putting up more of a fight." It is gratifying to know that Antioch will ake a rebel, a person who has stood off the ecay of society, if only temporarily. The ad- aissions department is to be congratulated or their action in the case. The publicity resulting from this case has een good. The New York Times and the New Cork Post, among others, have carried a running account of the Jahn boy's fight against bureaucracy. BUT HOW MUCH BETTER would the pub- licity have been if Antioch had stated publicly that the boy's refusal to take the oath had been definitely in his favor in his application to Antioch? Mrs. Inman, head of admissions, has stated that the boy was judged on "What kind of a person he would be at Antioch, his record, just like any other prospective student." But Ed- ward Jahn is not like any other prospective student that we know of - he's a little stronger, perhaps a little more idealistic, a little more worthy. He has acted where others have only talked. TVHE AMERICAN student is growing more conservative each year. Antioch is, too. Wouldn't it be a feather in our cap if we could say that the rebel, the nonconformist, the principled person who resists the corrosion of environment was more welcome at Antioch than the politically average, the conservatively normal? In any case, we look forward to having Ed- ward Jahn in the freshman class next year. His principles might be a lesson to others. -THE ANTIOCH COLLEGE RECORD TODAY AND TOMORROW 4' Our Korean Responsibility E ZRA Taft Benson read his own political epitaph as Secretary of Agriculture the other day while testifying before the House agri- cultural appropriations subcom- mittee. He knows that Nixon doesn't want him and the Demo- crats, if elected, wouldn't keep him. In a closed-door session, Rep. Jamie Whitten of Mississippi re- marked: "Your administration has to run this fall, Mr. Secretary, and his subcommittee has to run again so this may be the last chance we have to sit across the table from each other." "I hope all of you will be back," Benson replied, with a half smile. "I do not expect to be." * * * THE TRANS - PACIFIC cables have been buzzing all week in re- gard to a serious blunder that could be made in connection with Eisenhower's trip to Japan in June. The American Embassy in Ma- nila has been warning the White House confidentially that the Filipino people will be bitterly re- sentful if he stops in Japan to visit an old enemy and ignores the Philippines, our best friend in the Pacific. United States Ambassador Jack Hickerson in Manila, a skilled dip- lomat, has been literally begging Eisenhower to stop off in the Phil- ippines en route. What causes hesitation at the White House is the fact that if Ike goes to the Philippines he would also have to stop off on the island of Formosa to see General- issimo Chiang Kai-Shek. And, though he would like to see Chiang, Ike's doctors don't want him to get bogged down with too many welcoming ceremonies. However, this writer can report, following a recent visit to the Philippines, that the F i l i p i n o people are our most enthusiastic friends in the Pacific - though they could be like Cuba if neg- lected. Both the Philippines and Cuba were liberated from Spain following the Spanish-American War and both countries were then given their independence by the United States. Democracy is much more deep- ly rooted in the Philippines than in Cuba. It is -a passion with the Filipino people. Their elections are wide open and 90 per cent of the people vote. The United States is their great idol and no man can be elected to public office if he is openly critical of the USA. TheiPhilippines suffered great hardship under the Japanese oc- cupation and there is still consid- erable bitterness. So, if Eisenhow- er visits Japan and shuns the Philippines it would leave a very sour taste with 19,000,000 people who now are devoted friends of the United States. * * * T)URING II RECENT visit in %My grandfather was born in your state of Kentucky," replied the British prime minister. "Now I understand why you have done so well on the political scene," said the Senator from Kentucky, "but I didn't realize Kentucky politics whs so powerful that it extended to the British Empire." s * S ONE OF THE BIG accusations Bobby Kennedy and his boss, Sen- ator McClellan of Arkansas, has' been making against Jimmy Hoffa and the Teamsters Union is, that Hoffa hired ex-convicts. This was one reason why the Landrum- Griffin Act bans ex-convicts as labor union officials. However, Senate chickens are now coming home to roost. The Teamsters' monitors, appointed by the federal court to watch the Teamsters, have just discovered that they have been employing an ex-convict. Furthermore, his name is Kennedy. Finally, he was em- ployed to look for criminal ele- mc4ts inside the Teamsters. That's why the monitors have suddenly dropped Pat Kennedy (no relation to the Senator from Massachusetts) as chief investi- gator for the monitors. They found that he had a record of several arrests and convictions including time in Sing Sing for assault and robbery. FOR Y E A R S MINNESOTA'S energetic Sen. Hubert Humphrey has been trying to persuade the agriculture department to adopt a food-for-peace plan to distrib- ute surplus food to needy coun- tries. put the agriculture depart- ment has thrown one obstacle after another in the way. Last July, for example, Undersecretary of Agriculture True Morse testi- fied against appointing a food- for-peace administrator. However, under pressure of election-year politics, President Eisenhower re- cently appointed Don Paarlberg as "food-for-peace coordinator.". . Congressmen Emanuel Celler and Abraham Multer, both New York Democrats, denounced the Repub- lican "voluntary" medical insur- ance plan for the aged last week as "a cruel hoax." Two days later, Vice-President Nixon declared sol- emnly in San Francisco that the Democratic plan for old - age. health insurance was "a cruel hoax." TURKEY: Menderes. Runs Show By The Associated Press IF YOU want to know how many bags of cement are going into a project in Turkey's development program, , or even the telephone number of the construction super- intendent, ask Premier Adnan Menderes. The dark-eyed, sharp-featured premier is known as "Adnan the builder" and his building is a one- man show. That's 'one thing his opponents are complaining about. Menderes takes criticism of his plans as a personal insult. He stifles his political opposition and has Jailed scores of newsmen for criticizing him. All this sparked demonstrations in Istanbul yes- terday. Menderes reacted with typical speed, force and direct- ness. He imposed martial law. MENDERES entered politics un- der Kemal Ataturk, the dictator- president who set the strongman pattern by tolerating no opposi- tion of his plans to modernize and cure Turkey- "the sick man of Europe." He soon was recognized as a dynamic political organizer and entered parliament in 1931. After Ataturk's death he helped found the Democratic party. He became premier in 1950 on a program of free enterprise. He boldly rewrote the laws to invite foreign investment. With United States aid-it eventually amounted to more than two bil- lion dollars-he imported tractors and boosted farm subsidies, opened new coal and ore mines, sugar beet factories, textile and steel mills, huge dams, highways, power lines and irrigation pro- jects. Irrigation increased tenfold. In 1953 Turkey began exporting wheat. THE RESULT was new pros- perity for Turkey's 20 million people, 65 per cent of whom were illiterate peasants when he took office. But by the end of 1957, the spending program produced serious inflation. Foreign credit nearly collapsed, but Menderes re- fused to slow down. In 1958 Turkey's allies had to supply loans. Their reasons were primarily strategic, for Turkey forms the geographical link be- tween the North Atlantic and Middle East alliances. It has al- ways been bitterly anti-Russian and now is anti-Communist. . President Eisenhower, visiting Ankara last December, cited Tur- key's economic advancement as an example to all newly independent countries. "No power on earth, no evil, no threat, can frustrate a people of your spirit," he told the Turks. But if Menderes accepted for- eign praise, he refused to heed ad- vice at home and abroad. His lieutenants rejected criticism of Turkey's press laws by the Inter- national Press Institute. He re- fused to let his critics speak free- ly. Some opposition political meet- ings were banned. More newsmen were arrested. Menderes, father of threechil- dren, has a name that belies his forceful disposition. Menderes is the Turkish name foe the lazy, winding Meander River that gave birth to the English word "mean- der." But Adnan Menderes has always been a man in a hurry. OFFICIAL IBULLETINI The Daily Official Bulletin is an official publication of The Univer- sity of Michigan for which The Michigan Daily assumes no edi- torial responsibility. Notices should be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3519 Administration Build- ing, before 2 p.m. the day preceding publication. Notices for Sunday Daily due at 2:s00 p m. Friday. FRIDAY, APRIL 29 1960 VOL. LXX, No. 154 General Notices Regents' Meeting; May 26, 27 and 28. Communications for consideration at this meeting must be in the President's hands not later than Mon., May 16. Please submit nineteen copies of each communication. Tonight: Look Homeward, Angel, Ketti Frings' adaptation of the Thomas Wolfe novel. 8:00 p.m. Lydia Mendels- . "You Go On Back, Now" 0 F THERE IS any criticism to be ma State Department in its dealings wi orea, it is that it might well ha oner. For years Korea has been an1 adache. Rhee has played the despot tried on a regime which made a rn the bloody struggle we waged to sa orea for democracy and liberty. In ns with Japan and with his powerfi rs in East Asia he has been an irre isance. With his war-mongering i wve been a dangerous nuisance had pt a close watch on him. After the brazen theft of the elec arch his dictatorship, which we1 anaged to tolerate, became intolerE ter the violence and dishonesty ofI ins, rebellion broke out all over Sout His government had lost the final e itch dictatorship can be justified-t e able to govern. When Rhee resigner ased to be able to govern. N ALL probability the United States c have saved Rhee had it wanted to By WALTER LIPPMAMNN de of the There was no reason why we should have th South wanted to save him. In taking its stand against yve acted Rhee and for a new deal, the State Department acknowledged the inescapable responsibility of American the United States. It is that we are involved in and has Korea and are responsible for the maintenance ean joke of a stable and a reasonably liberal regime. ve South It was an honest and a healthy thing to in- his rela- tervene openly. For the open intervention is a 'ul neigh- public acknowledgement of the real situation, sponsible which is that the South Korean state was cre- he would ated by American arms, is protected by Ameri- I we not can power, and is maintained by American Subsidies, ctions in All the world knows this, and therefore all had just the world holds the United States accountable able. For for the behavior of the South Korean govern- the elec- ment. There is no way in which we could pro- 1h Korea. . tect and support South Korea and at the same xcuse by time act as if it were an independent country hat they like, for example, Switzerland or Denmark. The d, he had critics of the State Department's intervention cannot have it both ways. They must not ask us to underwrite South Korea and at the same could not time demand that we leave it entirely alone. do that. IT WOULD suit most of us in America much better if we could leave Korea alone, if we did not have to intervene, if we did not have to take a part in overthrowing a government, if we did not hne tn worry hout its succes- p t t Mri ?, "" "