'Ab Initio, Ad innfnitum -
Vox Populi, Vox Dei . .'

,'

Seventieth Year
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"When Opinions Are Free
Truth wm Prevail"

UPCOMING:
COuncil TO Consider
Bias, Other Areas
By ROBERT FARRELL
Daily Staff Writer
r E SIX STUDENTS about to be elected to Student Government
Council will face certain issues almost immediately after being
elected.
Outstanding among them is the revision of the 1949 regulation. on
discrimination in student organizations.. In this area, the procedure
for consideration has already been :mapped out by the Council, and
the end result seems pretty clearly in view.
The procedure began with a declaration of SGC's intent to act to
implement the Regents' 1959 Bylaw on discrimination, and has eon-

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: THOMAS KABAKER

Public Opini1on and the State:
Who Knows Best?

H IE PEOPLE of Michigan have something
to say about how the state should handle
mounting enrollment pressure on its univer-
sities and colleges.
And public opinion on the subject seems to
be different from what both state legislators
and University administrators have previously
thought public opinion is. The preliminary re-
port on "The Public's Picture of Higher Edu-
cation in the State of Michigan" makes it
clear that, while administrators in Lansing
and Ann Arbor think they are serving public
opinion, they are not.
People in Michigan know about the baby-
boom. Half of them say there will be "a lot
more" college students ten years from now
and another 21 per cent thinks there will be
"quite a few more." (The rest who are not
aware of the problem are probably the same
people -- one-third of those sampled - who
either do not know names of Michigan uni-
versities, or are not familiar enough with them
to know they do anything besides campus
teaching.)
MAJORITY of adults in the state know
what they would like to see done about the
enrollment problem, too.
These taxpayers say the way to make more
room at the institutions of higher education
is to raise taxes. Nearly half the sample (se-
lected to represent the total adult pupoplation
in the state) favors higher taxes alone - with
no raises in tuition. One in four advocates a
combination of higher taxes and raised tui-
tion, although another one-fourth thinks
funds should come from users of colleges.
This constitutes the majority of taxpayers
-and voters-giving their okay to higher tax
support. Legislators and politicians, listen to
that.
PUBLIC OPINION in Michigan has more to
say about how expansion should be handled.
The majority of people, 51 per cent, say the
thing to do is build more colleges - and not
expand the ones now standing. While one-

fourth does give a nod to enlarging present in-
stitutions, the rest favors expansion at "old"
schools and new ones too.
The people in Michigan don't seem to like
big schools particularly. When they are asked
specifically about size as a factor in getting a
good education, they chose small colleges over
large institutions by a ratio of four to three,
with only a third saying size makes no differ-
ence.
They saw small classes and "the results of
such smallness' as major advantages for small-
er schools.
HERE'S where the legislators and University
administrators and the public don't seem to
see eye to eye. In Lansing and at the Uni-
versity each year the feeling is "the enroll-
ment boom's coming. Let's make room fast,
at places where we can squeeze in more
people." And so the University wouldn't be
surprised if by 1970 it looked around and saw
40,000 students on the campus.
No one exactly decides that this will happen.
Nobody has evaluated state higher education
and concluded it is a good thing for the Uni-
versity to expand. So it will automatically. No-
body has decided it is good for any of the
present schools to expand. But legislators and
administrators keep on expanding them.
A majority of the people in Michigan say
they'd like new schools and small schools.
This is an evaluation for legislators and ad-
ministrators to use.
And, the people obviously want their schools
to be good schools - they say they judge a
good school by its general academic quality-
academic quality, not football games or mass-
produced diplomas.
If the report on public opinion in the state
doesn't seem valid enough to those in charge
of higher education to make it a basis for
acting, perhaps one finding in the report will
have to be changed - that Michigan people
may not, after all, favor attendance at schools
in the state by nine to one.
-NAN MARKEL

tinued with invitations to inter-
ested parties to submit proposals
to the Council for consideration.
Hearings with faculty, adminis-
tration, representatives of student
organizations and any other in-
terested parties are part of this
program. Discussions of proposals
brought before SGC will not in-
clude formal votes on any of the
proposals.
* " s
UNLESS THE elections and the
turnover in the ex-officio mem-
bers effect a radical change in the
majority view of the Council, some
form of the Haber-Miller resolu-
tion seems to be the likely re-
palcement for the '49 regulation.
This result seems assured when
one considers that many' of the
candidates for the Council have
lumped their views on discrimina-
tion under some modification of
the resolution.
As it presently stands, this reso-
lution would provide for a com-
mittee to consider cases where
discrimination may have arisen
and to recommend disciplinary ac-
tion to the Council as a whole.
Any offending group would be put
on "special recognition" in order
that it may work toward a solu-
tion for the problem.
* * *
IF A POINT were reached where
the Committee felt that further
action by the organization could
not help the situation or that the
group was not acting in good
faith, the Council could then take
any necessary action up to with-
drawing recognition.
One of the major points on
which the present Council dis-
agrees is the membership of the
Committee. Some members favor
an all-student group while others
favor having faculty and adminis-
tration representatives as mem-
bers, possibly with votes, possibly
without. One member has even
questioned having students on the
Committee at all.
s 0 ,*
ANOTHER POINT on which
there is some dissent is the ques-
tion of whether or not student
organizations would be required
to submit statements each year to
the effect that they do not dis-
criminate.
Most members of the Council
seem to, feel that this is objec-
tionable, but there is a minority
that favors these "affidavits" The
candidates seem to hold similarly
divided views.
Discrimination is not, however,
the only area confronting SOC.
Members and candidates have ex-
pressed definite interest in in-
vestigating the problem of student
apathy and recruitment difficulties
in relation to the Council, the Ad-
ministrative Wing and other cam-
pus organizations.
There have also been an in-
creasing number of projects for-
mulated in the educational area.
Some of these, which will be con-
sidered soon by the Council, are
curriculum suggestions from stu-
dents to the departments, stu-
dent-faculty dinners and coffee
hours and a junior-year-abroad
program.
These projects are at present in
the formative stages in the Edu-
cation and Student Welfare Com-
mittee and should be reported to
the Council soon.
The project for student-faculty
dinners is a reinstitution of a
previous program which is sup-
posed to extend the contact be-
tween students and faculty.
t 1

--Dally-James Richman

Sleep and Civil Rights

WASHINGTON MERRY-GO-ROUND:
Band Used Decrepit Planes
By DREW PEARSON

(0TS ARE sET UP on Capitol Hill as South-
ern hot air gathers under the immense
Capitol dome as the Senate filibuster over
the civil rights bill continues.
And as the talk goes on, the number advo-
eating changes in the Senate rules allowing
filibuster mounts, just as it does with every
new talkfest.
But in spite of the "democratic" arguments
proposed to prevent minorities from obstruct-
ing a majority, there are points in favor of
allowing filibusters. Should an issue command
such hysteria that sober consideration of it
would be impossible, the filibuster would allow
time for tempers to cool and reason to cam-
mand the Senate again.

NOT ONLY THIS, but filibusters provide
minorities with rights they need in a
democracy.
If a large group of Senators feels strongly
enough to talk day and night for two weeks in
"the greatest deliberative body in the world,"
they should be given the right to see if the
majority that opposes them feels as strongly as
they.
If the north wants a civil rights bill, fine.
If they want sleep, fine. But they shouldn't
have both while Southerners are willing to give
up their sleep to keep the bill from passing.
-ROBERT FARRELL

WASHINGTON - Surviving
havmembers of the Navy band
have been put under strict orders
not to talk about their ill-fated
trip from which 19 of their bud-
dies came back in flag-draped
coffins. However, what burns them
up--even though ordered not to
talk--is that twice the Navy tried
to send them on totally inadequate
airplanes.
Despite official denials, the Navy
band had not wanted to continue
the trip after the tragic Rio de
Janeiro collision. With 19 empty
chairs around them they could not
put any enthusiasm into their
concerts. Despite this, they were
ordered to proceed forthwith and

play for President Eisenhower in
Santiago, Chile.
The plane on which they flew
over the Andes, however, had one
supercharger out and no cabin
pressurization. Since it was not
big enough to carry the band plus
baggage over the Andes in one
trip, two trips were necessary. The
Andes are over 20,000 feet high,
and lack of pressurization led to
considerable discomfort.
* * *
THE PLANE also blew a cylin-
der, and the crew purchased a
replacement from Pan American
Airways for $465.
This hardly helped the morale
of the men who had just lost 19
buddies in a tragic air accident.,

MAX LERNER:
The Secondary Race

MADRAS, India -- Bonn-Madrid negotia-
tions for missile bases seem to have been
blasted off the map by publicity. Whatever
might be said for them, they were the wrong
move at the wrong time by the wrong nations
in the wrong way.
Yet the episode can bear some pondering,
along with the French atom bomb and the im-
passioned protests it evoked. Together they
show that there are two weapons races in
process, not one. They also show a curious
double standard of international morality as
between what we will tolerate in the great
powers and what we will tolerate in the lesser
ones. Maybe the double standard makes sense.
But we must at least recognize that it exists.
HE HALF DECADE from 1945 to 1950 was
that of virtual American atomic monopoly.
That decade of the 1950s was that of the nu-
clear arms race between America and Russia.
I should guess that the decade of the 1960s
will see the spread of the bomb among the
dozen or more nations that are on the verge
of making it, including China, the two Ger-
manies, Czechoslovakia, Canada and Sweden.
Certainly it is a delusion for any of them, as
for France, to believe that getting the bomb
will solve anything except the problem of get-
ting the bomb. Yet I don't see how the great
powers, having started the nuclear race, can
expect the smaller ones to show the self-denial
they have not themselves shown. Obviously the
major infection generates the minor one. The
primary arms race between Russia and Amer-
ica inevitably leads to the secondary arms race
by the countries which are not giants but have
the pride and fears of giants.
We had better understand that whatever
else stage of war technology the world is in,
it is bound to spread like any other plague.
This is the best possible argument not only
for the summit meeting but for quick and.
drastic nuclear disarmament.

ticular partner it chose. Hitler having been
Hitler, Germany being Germany and Franco
being Franco, a worse combination could not
have been contrived than a plan to provide
Franco bases for Germany's coming venture
into atomic power.
I am speaking of shock but not of surprise.
I don't know why we need to be surprised. A
Germany restored to its economic place in the
sun by Herr Erhard with world applause
might quite logically expect to regain its mili-
tary place in the sun by the ministrations of
Herr Strauss. And if it was right for President
Eisenhower to stop in Madrid and embrace
Franco in the shadow of American atomic
bases, the Germany may be asking why it is
wrong for Adenauer to send his Defense Min-
ister to the same Franco to talk of supply
dumps or whatever else.
The truth is that on such matters what
counts is not logic but a rough sense of fitness
and unfitness. The Nazis in their inhumanity
left millions of desolate waste places in mil-
lions of hearts. It is no use arguing how much
the Germans have changed. Given the German
tradition of militarism the world cannot be
complacent about either West or East Ger-
many getting or making atomic weapons. And
when the discussion is with Franco, who sent
his Blue Legion to fight on Hitler's side during
the war, the circle of outrage is completed.
Such a sense of outrage could be devastating
to the democratic cause in the coming Paris
summit. Khrushchev could and will use it to
undercut the allied bargaining position on the
Berlin issue. He is a brilliant and ruthless
master of propaganda and will ask how the
West can make an unrelenting stand for a
Germany which is reviving its old militarist
tradition.
ONE WORD is worth adding however. If the
basic approach to Germany's future power
must reckon with the moral auality of Ger-

To---
Letters to the Editor must be signed and limited to 300 words. The Daiy
reserves the right to edit or withhold any letter.

SGC Proposal ...
To the Editor:
WOULD like to make two pro-
posals concerning the forthcom-
ing Student Government Council
elections. They are prompted by
my great fear that the only all-
campus body representing student
opinion is desperately ill, and per-
haps at the point of death, as
shown by the ridiculously low
vote in the last SGC election.
Perhaps the low vote is sympto-
matic of our times. In any event,
I do not blame the student body
for not voting. Both candidates
and issues were generally devoid
of any color or character. Few
ever attempted to show good
cause for voting at all. .
And the oncoming election
promises more of the same.
Yet no matter what you con-
ceive SGC's function to be, it cer-
tainly cannot be fulfilled when
the student body shows such lack
of support. Many students, Indeed,
apparently feel SGC serves no use-
ful purpose, and candidates don't
say much to change this opinion.
* * *
I PERSONALLY feel that SGC
plays a vital role on our campus.
Even stripped of its services and
acknowledging its fumblings, it
stands as the living physical em-
bodiment of mature students prov-
ing themselves both willing and
capable of self-guidance; of adult
acceptance of responsibility for
nur owns elf-clirection. Tf we nrove

of an election. To possibly correct
the situation, I would suggest:
1) If the next election does not
result in at least 25 per cent of
our campus voting, then the elec-
tion returns should be declared
invalid and a new election sched-
uled.
2) If returns again fall below
25 per cent, then SGC should dis-
solve. "Mickey Mouse" functions
(services) should be turned over
to existing organizations. The ad-
ministration should assume final,
complete, 100 pei cent, absolute
control over any matter pertaining
to the status, past, present or fu-
ture, of the student body.
THESE proposals would place
the burden on candidates. They
would have to be articulate enough
to show why SGC is needed. If the
student body cannot see or be
shown why student government is
needed, then there is no excuse
for its continued existence.
Elliot Tepper, '62
Childish . *
To the Editor:
I HAVE BEEN HERE no longer
than a semester but it has been
long enough to discover that the
majority of students have little
respect for one of the major co'l-
leges on this campus. Students
talk about Education School as if
it were not worthy of the Michi-
gan names
Their attitude is unfair and to
speak of the professors in educa-
tion school as "Jerks" and "dopes"

What made the bandsmen es-
pecially indignant was the fact
that a substitute band was stand-
ing by aboard the USS McKinley,
off Santiago. This band had been
brought through the Panama
Canal in advance and was on hand
to plan. However, it was not con-
sidered good enough for the Presi-
dent, so the decimated, shaken-up
Navy band was flown all the way
to Santiago.
* * *
EARLIER, before the Rio de
Janeiro tragedy, the Navy band
had been asked to fly in an Ar-
gentine plane to Puerto Belgrano
to play at an Argentine naval
base. But when two bandsmen who
are pilots took a look at the plahe,
they recommended that the band
not fly. The propellers were so
badly bent that the motors had
been thrown out of balance. Under
each motor was a pool of oil from
leaks. The cowlings showed signs
of metal fatigue and the grease
fittings were clogged with paint.
The Navy finally settled this
minor mutiny by canceling the
Puerto Belgrano engagement be-
cause of "bad weaher . ."
East German Trade
CUBANS were taken wholly by
surprise the other day when
Fidel Castro's announced the sign-
ing of a barter trade pact with
Communist East Germany. And
thta's just how Castro meant it to
be.
From start to finish, the deal
was shrouded in elaborate secrecy.
The seven-man group of German
Reds arrived in Havan on Febru-
ary 17, with no advance publicity
about the visit.
The barter agreement, under
which Cuba will exchange sugar,
coffee, honey, hides and rayon tire
cord for machinery, industrial
equipment and chemical products,
was signed February 29. But Cu-
ban citizens only learned about it
five days later, after delegation
chief Kurt Gawehn and his two
principal aides had left the coun-
try.
Castro hras a good reason for
not talking about this deal until it
was all wrapped up. Public reac-
tion to the recently concluded
trade and credit pact with Soviet
Russia had been generally unfav-
orable; he knew it would be still
more hostile toward negotiations
with the German satellite if re-
vealed ahead of time.
* * *
EVEN SO, there was plenty of
criticism.
"We've had nwoo relations with

AT HILL:
Simionato
N RSinger
GIULIETTA Simionato, fame
Italian mezzo-soprano, sang a
Hill Auditorium Sunday afternoon
For a singer of her stature, repu
tation, and experience, her per
formance was somewhat disap-
pointing.
Miss Simionato possesses one of
the really lovely voices to be heard
today. She is an artist and mu
that she did on the program dis-
played this nicely.
I have been thrilled by thi
singer in the opera house. She
a fine acrtess and a singer
grand temperament which is mos
effective in opera. But the reel
stage is another matter. Witho
the trappings of the theater, with
out the development of a chaac
ter to work with, the inger is le
with only the voice.
* * *
OBSERVING Miss Simonato
voice, I find two questions both
ering me. First, is she really
mezzo-soprano and second, is sh
reall yas capable in eoloratur
singing as she is reputed to be?
Miss Simionato has a la r g
range with high notes that doub
lessly are the envy of many so-
pranos. That she maintains \that
she is a mezzo-soprano i rathe
curious to me Her low range.
rough, consisting largely of gut
teral chest tones, which is a fal
way of producing these tones.
I was under the i m p r e ss i o
throughout the recital that Mi
Simionato was not in her bes
voice. A certain degreeof hoar
ness appeared frequently in.t
lower half of her range. Most o
the time her top range was f
and clear.
0 * w
FREQUENTLY, sopranos wit
heavy voices are tempted to con
sider themselves mezzo-soprano
for reasons of their own choosing
Generally, they do not havetk
low notes, but these they fake b
means of ugly chest tones. It h
become customary recently to ae
cept ugly tones as "dramatic" an
acclaim the source of these sounds
as a great singing actress. Somi
of the best singing Miss Simonato
did was in "Voi lo sapete" from
Masegni's "Cavallera Rusticana, a
soprano aria. Her worst singing
was in the mezz oaria, "0 don fa-
tale" from Verdi's Don Carlo
where the low tessitura proved
too much for. her.
Miss Simionato has acquired
considerable attention for her
singing in various Italian oper
of the early 19th century, espe
cially those of Rossini. Many ol
these roles demand considerabl
technical facility (what is gener
ally designated as "coloratura'
singing nowadays), but were writ
ten for sopranos with low ranges.
ON THIS program, "Una v
poco fa" from Rossini's I Barbier
di Siviglia was performed as th
demonstration of Miss Simionato'
abilities in this genre. She sang
in the original key, but transpose
one phrase up to avoid the low 0
sharp.
The soprano managed to ge
through the aria by means of us
ing various debatable aids, but
was not an easy task.
In several of the songs whic
demanded few low notes and le
coloratura facility, Miss Simionat
used her lovely voice to great af
feet and phrased beautifully.,
If I have appeared rather stro
in my criticism, itis because I ex

pect more from an artist of thi
calibre. I have heard Miss Simion
ato do much better and certainly
recommend her operatic perform
ances.
-ROBERT JOBE
PROGRAM
"Una voce poco fa"l from
1I Barbiere di Sivigla .... Rossint
"Lascia ch'io pianga" from
Rinaldo................Handel
Les Riens d'amour"....Spontini
"Dolente immagine dA
fSle mia" ............... Beli
"Stornelo.. *. .........Ve
Variations in F major,
Op. 34............... eeth
Mr. Wustman
"O mio Fernando" from
La Favorita........... Donizet
INTERMISSION
Intermezzo in. E major,
Op. 116, No. 4
Capriccio in C major,
Op. 76, No. S..........Brahm
Intermezzo in E-flat minor,
Op. 118, No. 6
Mr. Wustman
"A la barcillunisa" ........ Favara
"O ciucciarella"
"Fenesta che lucivi"

DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no edi-
tornal responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.M. the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
TUESDAY, MARCH 15, 1960
VOL. LXX, NO. 123
General Notices
University of Michigan Graduate
Screening Examinations in French and
German: All graduate students desir-
ing to fulfill their foreign language re-
quirement by passing the written ex-
amination given by Prof. Lewis (for-
merly given by Prof. Hootkins), must
first pass an objective screening exam-
ination. The objective examinations
will be given four times each semester
(i.e., Sept., Oct., Nov., Dec., Feb., March,
April, and May) once during the Sum-
mer Session, in July. Students who
fail the objective examination may re-
peat it but not at consecutive admin-
istrations of the test (e.g., Sept. and
Oct.) except when the two administra-
tions are separated by more than 35
days. (e.g., Dec. and Feb.)
The next administration of the ob-