"Some Watchdogs!"

Seventieth Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241

n Opinions Are Free
ruth Will Prevail"

ditorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This inust be noted in all reprints.
SDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1960 NIGHT EDITOR: CAROL LEVENTEN

Ann Arbor Civic
Progress At Last?

Y r - 'r e .." '-_' "_* Z J'
w -'* '
. . _ v
4 I 4 " Y{

AT RACKHAM AUDITORIUM:
Stanley Quartet Joins
With IenningDexter'..
MANY YEARS ago one summer at Harvard G. W. Woodworth an-
nounced to his class: Mark ye well the onset of the recapitulation
for it is the dramatic clue to the mood of a sonata movement. And one
can indeed recall many fine exciting returns of the beginning material
in the literature. But the Haydn Quartet Opus 50, No. 2 'avoids ex-
citement here as elsewhere in its progress. It is a quiet, gentle piece.
Even the humor in the Menuetto and Finale is relaxed.-
This is all to the good, sometimes, but this quartet doesn't quite
make the grade. It is not downright dull, but rather uninteresting.
Classify it, perhaps, as after dinner music. One must comment, though,

VEN EASY-GOING college towns cannot
forever ignore the problems plaguing many
re industrial cities: urban deterioration and
perty depreciation.
'or many years Ann Arbor has been the
im of public apathy and administrative in-
ion climaxed in 1958 by Mayor Creal's re-
al to accept aid from the Federal Urban
newal Program.
'aced with deteriorating neighborhoods
[ property values, a decaying city hall and
threat of prospective shopping centers lur-
business away from Ann Arbor's down-
rn area, Ann Arbor has finally taken stock
Its present situation.
UTY ADMINISTRATORS and members of
the Chamber of Commerce have organized
fight three phases of urban decay by estab-
iing: 1) A committee for Neighborhood Im-
vement and Rehabilitation; 2) A Central
siness District Committee; 3) The Citizens'
nmittee for a new City Hall.
) Neighborhood improvement and rehabili-
ion committee. Based on the "Fight Blight"
npaign in Baltimore, Mayor Creal appointed
s non-partisan committee last February to
rk out a satisfactory solution to the prob-
is of dwelling deterioration, over-crowding
I disrepair. This group will also aim to raise
und of $30,000 to $50,000 from independent
frees, to be used to guarantee marginal loans
I supplement conventional means of finance.

2) Central Business District Committee. Ann
Arbor businessmen have finally responded to
the threat of the proposal to erect two subur-
ban shopping centers. The city's businessmen
are fortunate in having the steady income from
the student population. Yet, student sales ac-
count for only $1 million worth of the $60
million in total annual downtown sales. Busi-
nessmen at last realize that they must re-
vitalize Ann Arbor's downtown shopping fa-
cilities in order to keep its present businesses,
attract new ones, and retain civic pride.
AT PRESENT, the findings and recommenda-
tions of Lawrence Smith& Co., real estate
analysts, have been compiled by the Downtown
Business Committee of the Chamber of Com-
merce and will be released in a public meeting
in March.
3) Citizens' Committee for a New City Hall.
Conditions in the City Hall are hardly condu-
cive to obtaining the best work and efficiency
from the city's 500 employes. This committee
will report to the Mayor in March after mak-
ing a detailed study of the needs, location and
financing of a new city hall.
Fortunately, Ann Arbor has finally recog-
nized its civic shortcomings and has -initiated
the first steps to combat them. It is hoped that
progress doesn't get lost in administrative red
tape and lack of public interest before lasting
results can be achieved.
-LINDA REISTMAN

Vw
CHEATING AT MICHIGAN:
niyaDrppg Faucet
By JAMS SEDE

on the performance of the adagio.
This is cast in the form of con-
certo for l solo violin and small
string ensemble, and Mr. Ross was
really cantabile and damn near
superb.
Five Pieces for String Quartet
(1957) sounds like a rather loose
assemblage of disparate pieces.
One wonders why L. Bassett chose
that title, for the selections show
more motivic interrelationships
and dram'atic integrity as, a whole
than many suites. The principle
materials are introduced in the
first piece: harmonics in the first
violin, often accompaniedl by dis-
sonances; a quavering motive
tossed from instrument to instru-
ment; interjected pizzicatos,
* * *
THE FIRST three movements
seem similar in structure, tied to-
gether by strongly reminiscent
endings. In the fourth, some melo-
dy appears, and two of the instru-
ments even play a little conven-
tional harmony. In the final sec-
tion, everybody joins in the quav-
ering motive for a jolly conclu-
sion. One realizes that the trouble
with going to Stanley Quartet con-
certs is that one is not at home
to record such gems as this. Oh
well; they have done it before,
perhaps they'll do it again.
Most complex work on the pro-
gram was the Brahms Piano Quin-
tet, Opus 34. The central problem
of last night's performance was
balance - dynamic and textural.
Benning Dexter plays, as those
who were here the past few sum-
mers know, superb Brandenburg.
Last night he seemed in the first
movement to bring along too
much of the extremely clear per-
cussive attack used in that type
of music. The sharp tones gener-
ated by his instrument at the be-
ginning blended not well with the
mellow strings.
That Dexter is capable of the
mellow approach was beautifully
demonstrated near the end of the
movement, just before the mysti-
cal section for strings alone so
reminiscent of the "discourses" of
Beethoven. One wishes he had
kept more of this quality through-
out.
* * *
IN THE last two movements the
strong attack together with re-
newed energy on the part of the
quartet produced a stunning
Scherzo and a brilliant Presto. Un-
usual, but good, was the emphasis
on the piano in the Scherzo,
bringing the varied harmonies
used when the piano echoes the
main theme introduced by the
quartet.
-J. Philip Benkard

LETTERS
to the
EDITOR
With All Pardon . ..
To the Editor:
WITH ALL pardon to Profes-
sors Brazer and Stolper of the
Economics Department, we must
conclude the caustic comments
with which they attacked Mr.
Stuart's editorial of February 12
on "Sales Tax vs. Income Tax"
are far more worthy of the desig-
nation "diatribe" than the edi-
torial to which they attributed it.
However, we realize any view-
points Professor" Brazer holds on
the tax issue are irrevocably bi-
ased. He is the author of a gradu-
ated income tax plan, which was
submitted last year to the tax
study committee of the State
House of Representatives.
ALTHQUGH we recognize his
objections to the sales tax pro-
posal must therefore be heavily
discounted,. yetthey should not
pass uncorrected.
Despite the- professor' claim
that "there is no evide'ce that
there has been an outwa d migra-
tion of industry" from Michigan
during its recent financial crisis,
the State government seems to
feel differently. On June 12, 1958,
Senate-House concurrent resolu-
tion number 38 created a special
joint committee "to study causes
of the deterioration of Michigan's
industrial growth in relation to
that of competitive States."
The resolution declared, "The
relocation of Michigan plants in
other states and the expressed
determination of national cor-
porations to bypass Michigan in
locating new plants 'means not
only a loss of industrial job op-
portunities in Michigan but also
has a damaging effect on the level
of wholesale businesses and ser-
vices in the State."
It is surprising that two econo-
mists should disagree with the
assertion that the proposed sales
tax increase would not burden low
income citizens.
In spite of their efforts on be-
half of a state income tax, indi-
cations seem to be that Profes-
sors Brazer and Stolper are buck-
ing popular opinion favoring a
nominal sales tax increase among
'the people of Michigan.
Woodard Nithammer, '63, Eng.
Barry Lyons, '63, A&D
Phillip Boodt, '63, Eng.

Apartheid Appeal

ETITXONS are circulating on many Ameri-+
can campuses, protesting the Union of
uth Africa's harsh policy of apartheid, and
illegal subjection of neighboring Southwest
rica, a trusteeship territory.
"Those in South and Southwest Africa who'
pose apartheid have called for a universal
ycott, even at sacrifice to themselves," the
titlon form declares.
"We will not purchase South African goods
til such time as the South African govern-
et abandons her racist policies and con-
rms to United Nations resolutions on these
'ues"
There can be no doubt that South Africa
serves such a boycott. The repressive mea-
res taken bY the Union government against
:r Negro and Asian residents have been wide-
publicized.
Less is known in this country concerning the
-tual annexation of Southwest Africa, which
supposedly being protected by South Africa
t behalf of the United Nations. There, too,
[AX LERNER:
Gandhi and
[ W DELHI - The news reports from the
United States say that the techniques of
e current Negro sitdowns in the South had
sir origin with Mohandas Gandhi. They are
course quite right. The historian can trace
eir arc of transit from the time in 197 when
ianning Tobias and Benjamin Mays had
eir conversation with Gandhi about applying
s methods and vision to the Negro struggle
the time in 1956 when Rev. Martin Luther
Ing used the Gandhi method in the bus sit-
wn at Montgomery and to the new wave of
gro militant non-violence in the South.
The nub of the present outbreaks is the
ift of the arena of Negro struggle from the
Drtroom to the store and restaurant-counter
id from legal action to non-violent direct ac-
>n. When Gandhi set out to march to the sea
id violate the British salt tax laws he set in
ption his great campaign of satyagraha, or
ith-force. His underlying idea was that faith
4 move oppressors as well as mountains and
at fearless action without violence based on
belief in one's cause is ultimately irresistible.
ipatent at British slowness in responding to
mands for Indian freedom, he openly violat-
the salt tax law and was arrested along
th hundreds of thousands of others.
Some such view is in the minds of the young
groes who are impatient at the slowdown of
segregation in the South and have picked
r direct action the violation of Southern
res against serving Negroes at food count-
s, just as Gandhi picked the salt laws. Gand-
knew how close salt was to the daily lives
India's masses just as the Negroes know how
,se the public food counter is to the daily
res of their people.
Gandhi dramatically chose the long march
the sea while they dramatically choose the
down. Gandhi was the leader of a great na-
m movement while they are obscure young
groes. Yet the goals and means in both cases
ve much in common.
"HAT THE young people do is simple. They
may make a purchase in a department or
tail store, pay for it and even sit down at
e food or soda counter offering their money

civil rights are non-existent for all but the
European settlers.
SUPPORTERS of the petition campaign con-
cede that an American boycott will have
little material effect on South Africa, but stress
its value as moral support for the boycott by
British consumers (which will have substan-
tial effect) and for the beleaguered Africans
themselves.
Participation in the boycott movement by
students on this campus is to be encouraged. A
committee is needed to circulate information
on the violations of human rights in South
Africa, and to enlist support for the boycott.
Students desiring to establish such a com-
mittee can obtain information on the campaign
and on the products involved by writing Mrs.
Jane Kerina, Dr. Homer Jack, or Al Lowen-
stein at Suite 400, 250 East 43rd Street, New
York 17, New York.
-THOMAS TURNER
Editor
the Sitdowns
presents the store owner and the community
with a decision. The minority members make
a move and the next move is up to the major-
ity. It is action without words, symbolic action
as so much of Gandhi's was.
TH E QUESTION for whites and Negroes alike
is whether this kind of non-violent direct
action is likely to evoke or be met with violence.
In the 1930s Gandhi recommended his method
for other subject peoples and nations. He told
the Abyssinians to let the Italians, if they
dared, walk over the dead body of every Abys-
sinian and ocupy the country without the
people. This demanded an impossible heroism
of people. It would have failed against totali-
tarian Hitler as it would fail today if the Tibet-
ans adopted it against the Chinese. Gandhi
was dealing with a humanist British tradition,
whatever its sins in India. That is why the
Gandhi method has until now never been used
outside India. Even now there is a question
about how effective it will be.
Gandhi was leading a vast population against
a foreign government which formed a tiny
fraction of the people. In the South there are
two populations, white and Negro, the latter
usually in a minority. Where there are two
populations you cannot make disciplined deci-
sions on both sides. Where there are spontan-
eous sitdowns by young Negroes on one hand,
and the taunts and passions of an excited
street crowd of whites on the other, anything
can happen. The non-violence of the minority
may easily provoke the violence bf the majority.
IT IS A BAFFLING technique to meet and a
difficult one to carry out. Gandhi was al-
ways there to plead for the purity of his meth-
od. Sometimes he called the core of it love,
sometimes charity. There were, he said, only
two ways to meet the injustices of the power-
ful. One was awe, the other compassion. He
chose compassion. Middleton Murry described
his method as involving a vast consuming flame
of Christian love.
The American Negroes are almost the last
Christians in America in the sense of taking

By JAMES SEDER
Daily Guest Writer
IT WOULD seem a little foolish
to concentrate one's worry on a
dripping faucet when one also has
a broken water main. Similarly, it
would seem less urgent to worry
about students cheating in the
courses in which they have been
cheating than it would be to worry
about the conditions which lead
them to take these courses in the
first place.
This argument rests on two sup-
positions:
1) There are two types of cheat.
ing. One is the chronic, individual
type. This type of' cheater cheats
anywhere and he constitutes an
individual rather than a group
problem. The other type is the
widespread, more or less open type
of cheating that-at least in the
literary college-seems to be con-
centrated in relatively few courses,
all of which have certain common
characteristics. This type of cheat-
ing represents a college-wide prob-
lem, rather than an individual
problem.
2) Once a student is in the lat-
ter-named type of course, cheating
is a reasonable way to get through
the course.
* * *
IT WOULD be easy to list the
specific courses-or at least some
of the courses-where this cheat-
ing goes on. But this type of sen-
sationalism would prove nothing.
Nearly every student knows which
courses these are and most of the
faculty including the administra-
tive and counseling personnel
know these coursesgalso. More-
over, until the underlying prob-
lems are solved, the pressures that
caused these pipe courses would
immediately recreate the same sit-
uation elsewhere if these particu-
lar pipe courses were eliminated.
There are several factors which
cause pipe courses.
The literary college's distribu-
tion requirement situation is pa-
thetic. Nearly everyone concerned
with the situation will agree that
there is a tremendous need for
some sort of general sequence in
science for the non-science major.
The excuse is often given that the
professors "don't want to teach it,
and if the professors don't want to
teach it, it doesn't get taught."
The fact that a man like Nobel
prize-winning nuclear physicist
Edward Teller can take time off to
go to the University of California
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The DailyOfficial Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which Thle
Michigan Dailyaassumes no edi-
torial responsibility. Notices should
be sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Build-
ing, before 2 p.m.the day preceding
publication. Notices for Sunday
Daily due at 2:00 p.m. Friday.
THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1960
VOL. LXX, NO. 107
F'-------- 1 A1.

to teach such a course is irrele-
vant: our scientists just don't want
to mickey-mouse around with a
bunch of brainless kids. -
* * *
UNLESS ONE has had more
math than many students have
had, he does not have the pre-
requisites needed to take physics.
One is advised not to take chem-
istry unless one has had it in high
school. Besides, for the non-chem-
ist (or pre-med) two semesters of
basic chemistry is somthing less
than an exciting prospect.
Practically speaking, this leaves
the student with three choices:
zoology, which is geared for the
pre-med (or at least this is the
popular belief), and astronomy
and geology.
There are two principle objec-
tions to astronomy and geology:
1) They are designed as intro-
ductions for students who plan to
go on in these fields. There is very
little attempt to place the subject
matter in any general cultural,
historical or scientific context.
2) Students receive and perpetu-
ate the impression that these
courses are irrelevant roadblocks
placed by the relentless fates in
the path of the student's objec-
tives-be these objectives an edu-
cation or a diploma.
COMBINING these factors hard-
ly leads to the fermenting of edu-
cational or intellectual fervor.
The science requirement was
was chosen for discussion only be-
cause it is the most glaring exam-
ple of the inadequacies of the
present distribution requirement.
Until this situation is corrected,
student dissatisfaciton and disillu-
sionment will continue. Mass
cheating is just one symptom of
this disillusionment.
The distribution requirement is
not only the course problem, how-
ever.
In order to maintain the Univer-
sity's reputation, it is necessary to
many "big-name" professors on
the faculty. Unfortunately, some
of these professors are poor teach-
ers. And some have no interest in
teaching. In addition, the college
is sometimes slow to remove the
few incompetents that any ergan'-
zation acquires. All of these fac-
tors contribute to the belief of
some 'students that college courses
are merely obstacts on the Di-
ploma Path.
* * *
THEN THERE IS the problem
of grade-point worship. It would
be nice if this problem could be
blamed on all those materialistic
students who are only interested
in grades. But this would overlook
the fact that the college shares at
least equal responsibility.
Many professors feel constrained
to get good grade distribution
curves. In order to do this they-
admittedly-require that a student
memorize minute and only tan-
gently relevant details, so that
enough "tough" questions can be
asked to assure a good curve. This
also hardly seems an intellectual
stimulant.
If one grants that these condi-
tions exist, picture the plight of a
student who is in this situation:

than the other alternatives and
having the distinct advantage of
being considerably less time-con-
suming? ,
This, it would appear, is not
an ideal educational situation.
* * *
ALTHOUGH the problems of
curriculum inadequacies is rather
large, there are some things that
can be done:
1) Revise the curriculum and
distribution requirements in ac-
cordance with educational criteria
and don't worry quite so much
about what the professors like to
teach.
2) Eliminate - from teaching -
incompetent teachers.
3) Eliminate some of the edu-
cationally irrelevant courses.
4) Become a little less con-
cerned with good distribution
curves.
This prescription won't cure all
the literary college's problems, but
at least it will plug up the main
break, then the college can begin
to worry about dripping faucets.

THE STUDENT ABROAD:
A Tourist's 'Cup of TaY'

By NORMA SUE WOLFE
Special To The Daily
LONDON--Fom the Poet's Cor-
ner in Westminster Abbey to
the beatniks in Soho village, Lon-
don is any native's or tourist's
"cup of tay."
And while the sights offer a
contrast between the old and the
new, the British people, them-
selves, are a contrast-either the

typically "day-cent and reserved"
Englishman or the poorly dressed=
unshaven, philosophizing "beat."
An evening's entertainment could,
consist of Broadway shows with
British casts for approximately 70
cents a performance, 20-cent
glasses of foaming English beer,
or a walk around "sin center,"
Piccadilly Circus.
But two areas of the city offer

more than a day's sights or an
evening's worth of fun-the mu-
seums and Soho.
THE NATIONAL Gallery at Tra-
falgar Square houses a collection
from the British, French, Dutch,
Italian, and Spanish schools. And
National Gallery guards argue
while the Tate may contain a
greater quantity of English works,
the National Gallery has quality,
including some of the best known
paintings of Gainsborough and W.
H. Turner.
In each museum is a full day's
adventure. In the evenings, there's
Soho.
Located in the West End north
of Trafalgar Square, the little vil-
lage is only a mile square. But in
that area are hundreds of restau-
rants, more than 50 theatres, in-
numerable pubs, and "clubs."
A "club" is simply a coffee house
or small bar where regular cus-
tomers "hang out and dig," and
outsiders pay an entrance fee and
extra for their drinks. Unless, of
edurse, they r meet these "bloke
bohs" (English beatniks) in the
streets and are taken into the
"clubs" as guests.
* * *
THE PUBS and clubs are rough-
ly divided among three age groups
-the London teenagers, the 20
and 35-year-old crowd, and the
"older blokes."
The 36-year-old-and-up crowd
stand at bars in brightly lighted
pubs, drink beer, and speak only
to order another glass or grunt in
approval as a friend throws darts
over the heads of entering cus-
tomers and hits the bulls-eye of
the target across the room.
The teenagers sit in lighted
rooms, drink, smoke, make .small
talk, and jitterbug all night to
American rock 'n roll music.

a>- - w,