FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 22, 1963 THE MICHIGAN DAILY AMat IMFarV THE MIChIGAN DAILY a £a'..NUJ a U3hZ~ rrivr unr, , 5 DRAFT DISPUTE: Selective Service Criticized for Operating Unfairly O,9 By ROBERT HIPPLER Congressional extension of the draft for an additional four years and administration action, tight- ening up draft requirements, have focused increasing criticism on the Selective Service System. A recent New York Times Mag- azine article summarizes various criticisms of the draft ranging from claims that it is unneces- sary to ones that it is a wasteful injustice. Many claim the draft is too selective-out of a pool of 1.3 mil- lion potential draftees last year, only 8,000 were actually inducted. Criticize Process This and criticsms of the selec- tive service process have caused a number of people to campaign for the elimination of the draft, placing the armed forces on a professional, voluntary basis only. The Times article lists a number of proposed changes in the armed forces to obtain such anorganiza- tion : -Raising pay for men at all levels, --Reinstating the educational benefits for GIs provided by the GI Bill, -Allowing college graduates to fulfill their military obligation by teaching for the government for three years. Others have suggested retaining the draft but decreasing its selec- tivity. Some proposed ways of do- ing this have been: -Creating a Civilian Conserva- tion Corps, with a "therapeutic" division for 4-F's, to work on do- mestic public works projects. -Lowering the draft age limit from 26 to 24, for example, while continuing to call up the same number .of men. This would de- crease the proportion of draftees to potential draftees, and thus de- crease arbitrary selectivity. -Giving physical and mental tests to determine whether or not a person is 4-F at he time of regis- tiation-age 18. This would cut the list of potential draftees in half at the outset, and would not leave many young men in doubt for five more years as to their eligibility, as happens today. The above three ways would, in theory, decrease the selectivity of the draft, either by raising the World News Roundup By The Associated Press WASHINGTON - The Senate Armed Services committee voted 11-3 yesterday to approve the nomination of Paul H. Nitze to succeed the resigned Fred Korth as' Secretary of the Navy. * * * LONDON-Six European allies have agreed in principle to man and operate an American warship in a unique test of President John F. Kennedy's plan for an inter- national nuclear fleet. UNITED NATIONS - A United Nations spokesman said "indirect word" was received at UN head- quarters that Congolese Premier Cyrille Adoula has released two Soviet diplomats seized, in Leo- poldville on Tuesday. * * * VATICAN CITY-The Vatican Council turned away from dis- puted declarations on Jews and religious freedom yesterday and approved a motion to replace Latin. with modern languages in Roman Catholic sacraments, such as baptism, communion, marriage and extreme unction. BUENOS AIRES-Brazil's Pres- ident Joao Goulart congratulated Argentine President Arturo Illia for canceling contracts with for- eign oil companies, yesterday. Goulart's message expressed sol- idarity with Argentina's "defense of national sovereignty," the Gov- ernment Press Office said. The text of Goulart's message was not made public. NEW YORK--Despite the news of American Telephone's stock split and dividend hike, the stock market suffered the second worst sell-off of 1963. The final Dow- Jones averages show 30 indus- trials down 9.41, 20 railroadsidown 1.61, 15 utilities down 1.15, and 65 stocks down 2.86. JUST ARRIVED! A Pictorial History of the Great Lakes by Harlan Hatcher and Erich A. Walter number drafted, or lowering the many people realize. By its selec-' number of potential draftees. tivity, it maintains high quality Robert Wells, a political science and force levels. In addition, it department insructor working on serves as an incentive to enlistees a doctoral thesis that involves the in all of the armed forces. draft problem, commented, "The "Although at present only the draft is important. It supplies the army is using the draft, many men armed forces with a steady supply enlist in the Marines, Navy and of qualified individuals. But at the Air Force because they believe same time, the draft is not equit- that if they don't enlist, they willI able. It tends to induct those of be drafted into the army anyway," low socio-economic status, be- he said.I cause those of higher status can Prof. Feingold approved in avoid the draft, usually by educa- theory the plan that the armed tional deferrments. forces try abolishing the draft and Prof. Eugene Feingold of the political science department agreed with Wells on this point. He noted that "the draft system is supposed to distribute the burden of our nation's defense equitably over all social and economic levels of the population. Aoday those who can afford to get married or to con- tinue their education can avoid the draft." Several Problems operating on a purely voluntary basis. But he, too, had reserva- tions. He said any such attempt would be in vain because "abolish- ing the draft immediately is not at present politically possible." Prof. Feingold stated that "since abolishing the draft is not at present politically feasible, I rec- ommend two courses of action to be followed as soon as possible: "First, the GI bill should be reinstated. This would, grant col- lege opportunities for enlisted men, and would compensate those drafted by offering educational benefits. It would also decrease the necessity for the draft by in- creasing voluntary enlistment and re-enlistment. Presidential Commission "Second, a Presidential com- mission to study the draft prob- lem would be a good idea. It probably would not shed light on anything that has not been cover- ed by previous investigations, but would draw public attention to the problem at hand," he said. Prof. Harold Jacobsen of the political science department, also had reservations about doing away with the draft. He doubted that without the draft, the armed forces would be able to call up sufficiently large numbers of men in a crisis situation. He added that decreasing the selectivity of the draft could have the possible effect of decreasing the talent and therefore the cap- abilities of that part of our armed forces which relies on the draft for personnel-the non-nuclear arm. the uxury beer... SANDLER PRESENTS , A smart lilite boot in a jodhpur style-Light enough to wear indoors and not be too warm, but sturdy enough to stand the rough, winter days. Narrow and medium widths-In waxed tan at $10.95. VAN BOVEN SHOES 1 7 Nickels Arcade NO 5-7240 t V However, abolishing the draft, raises several problems, Wells said. "Among these are money problems involved in abolishing the draft as well as the question of whether we could maintain the present quality and force levels in our armed forces without it," he add- ed. First, if the draft is abolished, a raise in pay will be necessary to help maintain current standards in quality and numbers. This pay raise must, unlike the hike Con- gress passed last year, raise pay significantly for those with limited experience in the armed forces.' The old expression of "one army" no longer rings true. Second, if the draft was abolish- ed, other benefits, such as a new GI bill for educational support, would have to be instituted. These benefits'as well as the pay increase would cost a considerable amount of money. "The third point," he continued, is that "the draft is such more vital to our defense system than 1 at a popuiar price Peiffer For 75 Years - One of America's Finest Beers Order Your Daily Now- NO 2-3241 I aUr UtCflImg W.MuetroUt ,I ,1 I / .9 / E 0 . N ti9 400/ t _' 1 SNOW BOOTS C conquer winter with GREAT SWAGGER x' We've boots to keep you dry and warm, boots to wear with a sportive flair! We show seven from our collection of water and snow resistant high-steppers. P' A. Flat heel black calf, acrylic pile lined. B. Black elk with acrylic pile lining. 15.98 16.98 C. 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