TUESDAY, OCTOBER 15, 1963

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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PAGE THM

 or Leaves Positio

After

Pentagon Fight;

Pick Nitze as Successorl

RESIGNATION-Fred Korth (left) yesterday resigned his post of
appointment takes Nitze out of contention for deputy secretary of
secretary of the Navy. The position was filled by Paul Nitze. This
defense, currently held by Roswell L. Gilpatric.
RIGHT TO STRIKE:
Rail Negfotiators Feud;e
Await Arbitration Ruling
WASHINGTON (P)-Railroad negotiators spun their wheels with
no reported progress yesterday while awaiting a binding arbitration
ruling ordered by Congress to avert a nationwide train strike.
Meanwhile, the threat of a strike still lingers in the background.
Negotiators charged each other with failure to do as Congress di-

rected-bargain realistically on
Law Students
Drop -Request
To Governor
Collegiate Press Service
PHILADELPHIA-An invitatio
by a group of law students at th
University of Pennsylvania to Ala
bama Gov. George Wallace t
speak on Nov. 5 has been with
drawn.
The announcement was made b
the five students on the Commit
tee for the Law School Foru
which originally had invited Wal
lace.
Their opinion outlined in a let
ter to Wallace stated that "i
light of the recent events in Birm
ingham and their impact in Phil
adelphia we do not feel that w
are in a position to assume. re
sponsibility for bringing about a:
occasion in which civil disorder i
likely to occur."
The invitation had been extend
ed to Wallace on July 5, 1963.

lesser issues while waiting for the
-arbitrators' decision on the fate
of some 32,000 firemen's jobs and
the size of freight train crews.
H. E. Gilbert, president of the
Firemen's and Enginemen's Union,
accused the railroads of "absolute
refusal to handle it on that basis."
Right To Strike
Gilbert told a luncheon meeting
of labor writers, "We'll insist" on
n the right to strike if a combined
e arbitration-negotiation settlement
is not reached by the Feb. 25 dead-
line set by Congress.
- "More progress will have to be
made than has thus far been made
y if any settlement is to be reached,"
- he said.
M A spokesman for railroad nego-
- tiators replied that Gilbert's com-
ments were "either an attempt to
- deliberately falsify the facts or
n evidence of his complete lack of
- knowledge about what has been
- taking place."
e Negotiation Recess
- The statement, issued by the
n American Association of Railroads,
s said union negotiators themselves
had suggested a recess in negotia-
- tions pending the arbitration rul-
ing.

Blame Row
In Dispute
On Engines
Senator Cites Battle
In TFX Controversy
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON - Secretary of
the Navy Fred Korth resigned yes-
terday in apparent protest over a
top - level Pentagon d e c i s i o n
against buying atomic engines for
a new aircraft carrier.
The 54-year-old Korth, who al-
so figured in a sharp policy dis-
pute over the controversial TFX
fighter plane contract, is leaving
Nov. 1 to return to his banking
business in Fort Worth, Texas.
Defeat Speeds Decision
Associates said his defeat on the
nuclear power argument sped his
decision to quit. Some Congress
members, including Sen. Gordon
Allott (R-Colo) said they think
Korth's action stemmed from the
TFX row.
The Navy secretary's departure
was announced by the White
House. As Korth's successor, Presi-
dent John F. Kennedy chose Paul
Nitze, now assistant secretary of
defense in charge of the Pentagon
"Little State Department."
This takes Nitze out of conten-
tion for the defense establish-
ment's second most important post,
that of deputy secretary. Roswell
L. Gilpatric; now chief aide to
Secretary of Defense Robert S.
McNamara, is due to step out
within a few months.
Wrote Resignation Friday
The White House disclosed that
Korth had written his resignation
last Friday-the same day he per-
suaded McNamara to reconsider a
tentative decision against permit-
ting the Navy to install the more
expensive nuclear power, instead
of conventional engines, in its new
supercarrier.
The tall, white-haired Korth
said he was resigning with "the
utmost regret . . . so that I may
return to private business and at-
tend to my pressing business af-
fairs."
' Some Opposition
For a long time, Nitze was con-
sidered a front runner for Gil-
patric's job, but opposition to him
apparently arose in the White
House, on Capitol Hill and in the
Pentagon.
Nitze has a reputation for speak-
ing his mind somewhat sharply
and there have been reported per-
sonality clashes.
Before coming to the Pentagon
as assistant secretary of defense,
Nitze built up a long career in the
foreign policy field in the Truman
administration.
During the Truman administra-
tion, he served in the State De-
partment in such posts as direc-
tor of the policy planning staff
and as a top official of the Office
of International Trade Policy.
He has been president of the
Foreign Service Educational Foun-
dation.
Born on Jan. 16, 1907, in Am-
herst, Mass., Nitze graduated from
Harvard in 1928. He and Mrs.
Nitze have four children.

Rebukes
Tribunal
In Dissent
WASHINGTON () - Justice
John M. Harlan, in effect, told his
Supreme Court colleagues yester-
day they are ducking responsibil-
ity and paving the way for re-
opening criminal cases long since
settled.
The question is whether the
lower courts are to apply retro-
actively the high court's ruling of
last March that state, as well as
federal courts must provide an at-
torney for persons charged with
crime if they are too poor to hire
lawyers and request such help.
But Harlan stood alone in pro-
testing an order by the other
eight justices setting aside judg-
ments in ten Florida cases and
Court to reconsider them in line
directing the Florida Supreme
with the March decision. It is now
up to the Florida tribunal to say
whether the rule applies retro-
actively.
Opening Day
Harlan's admonition to his as-
sociates was the only controversial
aspect of an opening day which
saw the court refuse to accept 550
cases appealed to it while grant-
ing hearings on only 21 new cases.
In addition, it denied rehearings
on 70 cases already decided.
As usual, integration cases fig-
ured prominently in the day's ac-
tions. And after handing down
the hundreds of orders which
determine the calendar for the
coming term, the court began at
once to hear arguments on one of
the most important questions be-
fore it:
Can the operator of a private
business refuse to serve a Negro,
summon police and invoke tres-
pass laws when the Negro refuses
to leave?
Five cases touching on this point
-two from Maryland, two from
South Carolina and one from
Florida-are being heard today.
Decisions probably will not come
for some months.
No Liability for Cancer
One rejected appeal was that of
Mrs. Victoria St. Pierre Lartique
of New Orleans who sued two big
tobacco firms-and lost-claiming
they were liable for the death of
her husband, a cigarette smoker
who died of lung cancer.
The high court told the Min-
nesota Supreme Court to, recon-
sider the case of Mrs. Owen Jen-
son, who got a jail sentence for
refusing to serve on a jury because
of her religious belief. She takes
literally the Biblical words "judge
not, that you be not judged."
Man Without Country?
A hearing was granted by the
high tribunal to Herman F. Marks,
known as the "butcher" for Prime
Minister Fidel Castro of Cuba in
the early days of his regime.
Marks, born in Milwaukee in 1921,
is fighting a deportation action
based on a court decision that he
is a man without a country.
In the other actions in the area
of integration, the court:
-Agreed to hear an appeal by
the National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People
in challenging Alabama court or-
ders ousting the NAACP from the
state.
-Granted a hearing to Fred L.
Shuttlesworth who was convicted
of interfering with police when
they took a group of Freedom
Riders into "protective custody" at
the Greyhound Bus Station in
Birmingham on May 16, 1961.

BONN ()-After 14 years in of-
fice, Chancellor Konrad Adenauer
came to the eve of retirement last
night unhappy with United States
wheat sales to Russia without a
Kremlin promise to knock down
the Berlin Wall.
"As it is now, I'm not going with
a light heart," he told newsmen at
a farewell reception.
Adenauer charged that Premier
Nikita S. Khrushchev caused the
little Berlin blockade last week in
which a United States Army con-
voy with 61 soldiers was bottled
up in Communist territory for
nearly 52 hours.
"He wanted to show his people
that he still has power, even
though he is buying wheat," the
87-year-old chancellor said.
'Genuine Misunderstanding'
Sources high in the Kennedy ad-
ministration in Washington say
the blockade was the result of a
"genuine Russian misunderstand-
ing" and reflected no permanent
setback in the thaw in the East-
West cold war. In Germany, spec-
ulation has been that the Soviet
Army was trying to capitalize on
the quiet period in the cold war to
achieve more power in Berlin,
specifically the procedure in han-
dling American military convoys.
Serious Blockade
But Adenauer, who turns the
reins of government over to Eco-
nomics Minister Ludwig Erhard
today, said the blockade was seri-
ous and that West German forces
had been placed on the alert. The
same United States convoy pased
Soviet checkpoints without trou-
ble Monday on its trip back to
West Germany from Berlin.
Adenauer implied in his chat
with newsmen that the United
States should have bargained with
the Russians in the wheat deal for
a concession that they would order
the Communist East Germans to
take down the wall they built in
Berlin in August 1961.
Last week, Adenauer said he
would be the first to support sales
of wheat to the Soviet Union on a
humanitarian basis if the Kremlin
demonstrated with concrete acts
that it wanted peace.
Isolation Attempt
But in his farewell talk with
newsmen he said he was afraid
the Russians are finding a way to
isolate West Germany, by elim-
inating the conflict between the
Kremlin and Washington.
Then, only the conflict between
the Soviet Union and West Ger-
many will remain, he said.
Adenauer recalled the words of
the late United States secretary of
state, John Foster Dulles, warn-
ing against Germany failing under
Soviet influence. If that happened,
he quoted Dulles as saying, the
conflict between the United States
and the Soviet Union would really
just begin.
Sighs of Relief
Adenauer's departure from the
West German leadership is bring-
ing sighs of relief in Washington
and London. Nevertheless, he re-
ceived warm official farewell mes-
sages from President John F. Ken-
nedy and Prime Minister Harold
Macmillan of Britain.
Kennedy praised the Chancellor
for "the peaceful and democratic
transition of government now tak-
ing place under your leadership."
He added:
"I know that I speak in the
name of all Americans when I pay
tribute to the magnificent list of
your accomplishments in the past
and wish you happiness and suc-
cess in the future. The relations

EVE OF RETIREMENT:
Adenauer Criticizes
U.S., Soviet Policy,

Sign up by T~z~

KONRAD ADENAUER
... resigns today
between my country and yours
have never been closer-and the
links to whose forging you have
committed so much will have per-
manence."
Macmillan said: "Your personal
achievements during the past 14
years of office have been truly
great: You have led your country-
men out of the shadows of a dis-
astrous war to a free, prosperous
and democratic way of life.'
(See Related Story, Page 8)
Adenauer submitted his resigna-
tion Friday. Technically, it will go
into effect when he receives notice
of dismissal from President Hein-
rich Luebke this afternoon.
But he intends to remain active
in politics, both as a member of
the Bundestag (Parliament) and
national chairman of the Christian
Democratic Party.

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Cultural Programn
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in Latin America"
Speaker: DR. WOLFE
of the Anthropology Deportment
4:00 P.M. TODAY Multi-purpose Room UGLI


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world News Roundup
By The Associated Press
BERLIN-The fourth American soldier in six days to defect
to East Germany and ask the Communists for political asylum was re-
ported yesterday by the East German news agency ADN.
ADN said the soldier was Pfc. Gary Martzke from the United
States 6th Rocket Battalion, 517 Artillery Regiment, stationed in
Giesse, West Germany.
WASHINGTON-Juan Casanova Garrido, president of the Do-

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11

11 ____________________________________________

minican Republic Senate, has lai

Good
1 Cleaning
k/ PLUS ALL THESE

id claim to the presidency of his na-
--tion with the full backing of re-
cently ousted President Juan D.
Bosch.
CARACAS - President Romulo
Betancourt yesterday sent a mes-
sage to President Arturo Illia, new
president of Argentina, saying
Venezuela has decided to resume
diplomatic relations. A foe of mil-
itary coups, Betancourt suspended
relations in 1962 when the Argen-
tine military overthrew President
Arturo Frondizi.
NEW YORK-The stock market
sputtered through an inconclusive
session Monday. Dow Jones aver-
ages showed 30 industrials down
.08, 20 railroads down .17, 15 utili-
ties down .23 and 65 combined
stocks were down .23.

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