BER 4, 1963 THE MICHIGAN DAILY

Army

Junta

Overthrows

BERBER REVOLT:

Government in Honduras

Ben Bela Invokes
Emergency Powers
ALGIERS (IP)-President Ahmed Ben Bella assumed full emer-
gency powers yesterday and his government sent out cautious feelers
for talks in an effort to end the Berber revolt without bloodshed.
Government. sources said there was no immediate reaction from the
Kabylie Mountains east of Algiers where fierce-eyed Berbers manned
positions, vowing to bring down the government.
Ben Bella announced his assumption of emergency powers in a
speech before the National Assembly, which mustered only 105 mem-
bers to applaude him. About 4OKJ

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French Say
Determinism
Helps Nations
Analysis of French President
Charles de Gaulle's policy speech
at Lyons Saturday indicates that
he considers France as a possible
"arbitrator" for the world's unat-
tached nations, the Washington
Post reported recently.
De Gaulle said that France's
"will for independence" gives "an
example and comfort" to various
nations. "In Africa and Asia, how
many states, new or reborn, see in,
this France, mistress of herself,
support for their courage and their
thinking."
He said even divided nations
"feel that the free arbitration of
France can be for them the chance
of unity and peace."
Support Intentions
De Gaulle's past and recent ac-
.tions seem to support the inten-
tigns of his speech.
France is continuing her influ-
ence over the African states, now
free, that were once a part of her
colonial empire. Some observers
feel that she is attempting to at-
tract former British colonies.
In Latin America, French ac-
tivity is also increasing. French
Ambassador London Jean Chau-
vel's tour of Latin America earlier
this year is serving as a basis for
extension of French activities
there. It is even rumored that de
Gaulle may visit Latin 'America
next year.
Hope for Influence
Amid de Gaulle's hopes of mak-
ing England more European than
American, French hopes for Eu-
ropean influence grow. De Gaulle's
speech spoke of nations "bowed
beneath the Soviet yoke." Some
feel de Gaulle may hope that his
hostility to a divided Germany
will unite Germany behind France,
providing for French control of
Europe. I
4 De Gaulle's speech;'also remind-
ed the world that France is paying
out more per capita foreign aid
than even the United States. He
said that France is giving "more
than any other state, in proportion
to our means, with many countries
on the road to development."
De Gaulle thus appears to be
picking up friendships anywhere
in the world where he has the
chance. He is particularly appeal-
ing to nations uncommitted, or at
least uncontrolled, by the leader-
ship of larger nations.
Enjoy a Pleasan
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SAVE UP to '
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DEFEATED AND EXILED-The government of Ramon Villeda
Morales (left) was defeated yesterday and Morales was exiled to
Costa Rica where he was harbored by President Gonzalo J. Facio.
Facio, president of the OAS Council, said action would be taken
against military revolts.
SPACE FUNDS:
NASA, Private Firms
Waste Appropriations

HOUSTON j-The aircraft in-
dustry was told yesterday some of
its old standards will have to be
improved for satisfactory applica-
tion to aerospace equipment.
At almost the same time Walter
C. Williams of the Manned Space-
Views Dangers
Of Space Shot
HOUSTON (RP)-The aircraft in-
four United States' manned orbi-
tal flights would not have been
completed successfully if the pilots
had not been able to take the
spacecraft controls, a Project Mer-
cury review 'conference was told
yesterday.
Warren J. North, chief of flight
crew operations for the space
agency's Manned Spacecraft Cen-
ter, reported that had the astro-
nauts relied solely on automatic
systems, only Walter M. Schirra
would have finished a normal
flight.
North reported that the ability
of the astronauts to cope with po-
tentially dangerous situations and
to perform tasks effectively in
space was the most important sin-
gle contribution of Project Mer-
cury.

craft Center here was making the
report on standards, the General
Accounting Office in Washington
said bungled mahagement in the
space agency and private indus-
try has cost taxpayers more than
$100 million.
Williams, the man responsible
for starting or stopping a Project
Mercury launching, also outlined
general aerospace technical areas
in which he said improvement
would have time and money.
The deputy director for mission
requirements at the Manned
Spacecraft Center made his ob-
servations while opening a two-
day Project Mercury summary
conference with a detailed review
of the nation's initial manned
space project.
He said space launchings will
not take place in the face of
known troubles or in the face of
unresolved doubts of any magni-
tude.
"It has become apparent certain
standards that have been used for
years in the aircraft industry must
be revised and tightened to make
them satisfactory for application
to aerospace equipment," he said.
The hitherto secret accounting
office report to Congress, dated
March 29 but only made public
yesterday, says that as a result
the lunar exploration program has
been delayed two years and one
whole project involving a commu-
nications satellite had to be redi-
rected at a loss of $76 million.
MOSCOW NEWS
Weekly from USSR. English or
Spanish. Depicts all aspects of
Soviet life. Full texts of Soviet
government statements. Readers
letters. One year subscription-
$2.00-by air mail. Send order
and payment to:
IMPORTED PUBLICATIONS
& PROD.
1 Union Square, N.Y.C. 3 (CH)

Army Puts
Martial Lawx
Into Effect
OAS To Call
Special Sessionj
SAN JOSE ()-The Honduran1
army' toppled President Ramon
Villeda Morales in a bloody revolt1
yesterday and exiled him to Costa
Rica.
Reports in neigrboring Central
American countries said fierce
fighting raged in downtown Tegu-
ciagalpa before leaders of the coup1
claimed victory in the second Lat-
in American revolution in eight
days.
Costa Rican officials announced
Villeda Morales landed early last+
night at Punta Arenas, on the Pa-
cific, about 80 miles west of San
Jose.
Reports Casualties
The Nicaraguan ambassador re-
ported that casualties in the Hon-
duran capital included 20 of Ville-
da Morales' civil guardsmen dead
and 50 wounded while the army
rebels suffered two dead.
The coup obviously was aimed at
blocking the presidential elections
set for Oct. 13 and came despite
United States warnings to Hon-]
duran military leaders that it op-
poses unconstitutional seizure of
power.
Telephone communications to
the outside world were cut in the
revolt. Martial law was proclaim-
ed, along with a dusk-to-dawn cur-
few throughout the country. The
airport at Teguciagalpa was clos-
ed. Censorship was imposed.
Reports Limited
Only diplomatic dispatches,
Honduran broadcasts and a few
private reports seeping out of Teg-
uciagalpa told what was going on.
The obvious target of the coup
was Modesto Rodas Alvarado, 43, a
lawyer chosen by Villeda Morales'
Liberal Party to run for the pres-
idency.
Col. ' Osvaldo Lopez Arellano
commands the armed forces of
Honduras. Havana Radio said he
heads a military junta that has
taken control. There have been re-
ports he was bent on a military
coup because he saw no way of
preventing the election of Rodas
Alvarado.
Rodas Alvarado, as presiding of-
ficer in Congress the past five
years, had tried to subordinate
the autonomous army to civilian
rule. The army never forgave him.
The Organization of American
States was called into emergency
session to take some action con-
cerning recent military takeovers
of other elected governments in
Latin America.
Gonzalo Facio of Costa Rica,
president of the OAS Council, pre-
dicted some action would be taken
against military uprisings but in-
dicated the council would not act
immediately because of time need-
ed to consult with the home gov-
ernments of OAS ambassadors.
IWorld News
Roundup
By The Associated Press
NEW YORK-A new wave of
piecemeal steel price increases
gave signs yesterday of matching
in significance the much-debated
selective price hikes of last April.
* * *
WASHINGTON - Unemploy-
ment dropped by 350,000 to the
year's lowest point in September,
the Labor Department reported
yesterday. But the seasonally-ad-
justed rate of joblessness climbed
one-tenth of a percentage point to

5.6 per cent.
PARIS-The president of the
French Senate charged the gov-
ernment yesterday with violating
the principle of liberty by keeping
European secret army activists in
what he called "concentration
camps'" without trial.
NEW YORK - Steels, motors
and assorted industrials paced the
stock market to a substantial gain
.yesterday. Dow-Jones averages
showed 30 industrials up 6.31, 20
railroads up .64, 15 utilities up .05
and 65 stocks up 1.52.
Friday Noon Luncheon
Discussion
The Guild House
802 MONROE

deputies failed to snow up. Ihe
assembly originally had 197 mem-
bers, but many have resigned.
Assumes Powers
"I assume full powers to main-
tain the integrity of the republic,"
the president solemnly told the
parliament.
"A criminal counterrevolution is
menacing our unity and our terri-
torial integrity."
Ben Bella appealed to his op-
ponents-led by Hocine Ait Ahmed
and Col. Mohand Ou El Hadj-to
abandon their resistance, which
thus far has failed to produce an
armed clash.
Discuss Calmly
"Problems exist, but if they are
to be discussed let this be done in
calm, not in the mountains with
machine guns in hand," the presi-
dent said.
This conciliatory statement was
reported followed by other, more
concrete offers of negotiations.
The limited turnout at the as-
sembly and reports of troop deser-
tions in Cherchill,. 50 miles south-
west of Algiers, created an uneasy
atmosphere for the beleaguered
government.
Press Statements
Ben Bella's opponents thus far
have concentrated their efforts on
press statements and on posing
for news photographers. Despite
government guard posts on the
approaches to Kabylie, many/
newsmen found ways of reaching
the dissident stronghold.
Ben Bella vowed before the Na-
tional Assembly that he will not
use the regular army against the
Berbers.
Apparently the units dispatched
so far consisted of gendarmerie-
militarized anti-riot troops. The
difference is psychological rather
than practical.

Propose Bill
To Expand
Student Aid
Rep. Neil Staebler (D-Mich)
yesterday proposed a bill that
would make federal college loans
open to all students, not just the
needy.
The bill would expand the fed-
eral student loan program budget
from $90 million to $250 million.
His bill also asked for eased re-
payment of loans, based on an in-
terest rate of only one-half per
cent of taxable income per $1000
borrowed.
Student loan expansion is also
being considered by the House sub-
committee on education. They are
working on amendments to the
National Defense Education Act
that would increase the program's
funds to $'125 million a year.
Rep. Robert P. Griffin (R-
Mich), a member of the subcom-
mittee, disagrees with parts of the
Staebler bill. "A subsidized inter-
est rate is justified for the needy.
But students who are not needy
can borrow from other sources,"
he said.
Both the Staebler bill and the
subcommittee's amendments agree
on lifting the $250,000 limit on the
annual NDEA loans that can go
to any one college.
Under the subcommittee's pro-
posal only graduate students can
borrow up to $2000, while all stu-
dents can borrow this much ac-
cording to Staebler's bill. At pres-
ent, all students are limited to
loans of $1000 a year.

p

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