THE MICHIGAN DAILY

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THE ICHGAN l~tY S'~ A~T .r

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Reviews

Goals,

Cases


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Inherent in the nature of the
university is the concept of aca-
demic freedom. It is the freedom
of the members of the academic
community to inquire, discover,
publish, and teach the truth as
they see it without any control or
authority except the control or
authority of the rational methods
by which truth is established.
Academic freedom ought not to
be thought of as a privilege, nor
as a concession that any authority
inside or outside the institution
may properly grant or deny, qual-
ify, or regulate according to its
interests or its discretion.
USNSA firmly believes in the
principles of academic freedom as
a prerequisite for the preservation
of the university. It believes that
it is the right and responsibility
of the student to participate fully
in independent inquiry and criti-
cism.
Right To Dissent
It is his right to question, criti-
cize and dissent from ideas from
which he comes in contact, and to
hold and advocate his personal
beliefs, free from all pressures
which tend to restrict the student
in his pursuit of knowledge.
USNSA believes in the freedom
of the educator to investigate, to
draw conclusions, and to impart
his knowledge, and to hold and
promulgate his beliefs in an at-
mosphere of freedom.
While personal evaluations may
enter into selection or promotion
of educations, the principle criteria
must be professional competence,
professional integrity and contri-
bution to the academic commun-
ity.
Guard Faculty
It is the duty of the university
administration to protect the fac-
ulty against the pressures and de-
mands which violate the goals of
scholarship.
In accordance with the educa-
tional institution's. obligation to
stimulate the pursuit after truth,
colleges and, universities must
serve as an open forum for dif-
ferent views and opinions, no mat-
ter how unpopular or divergent,
and guarantee to all members of
the academic community the right
to hear all sides of given issues.
Only through the critical exam-
ination of all alternatives can the
accumulated knowledge of society
be advanced.
Therefore ..
Therefore, recognizing the chal-
lenge which faces the academic
community, the USNSA insists
that the following rights and re-
sponsibilities must be maintained:
1) USNSA is fully in accord
with the right of free speech and
has faith in the intellectual ability
of the American college student to
discriminate and analyze various
and diverse theories.
To impair the pursuit after
truth by placing limitations upon
opportunities for students to hear
any viewpoint is inconsistent with
the educational responsibilities of
the university.
Backs Parties
2) USNSA recognizes that par-
tisan political student groups gen-
erally perform a valuable service
in developing political leadership
and in increasing an awareness of
political responsibilities among
students.
USNSA urges the repeal or
modification of legislation or
school policies which restrict the
legitimate operation of partisan
political student groups on campus
or which tend to place in jeopardy
the status of students or faculty
who belong to such organizations.
3) The teacher and graduate
student are entitled to freedom of
research, and in the publication of
results is subject only to the lim-
itation imposed by the perform-
ance of his other academic duties,
but research for pecuniary returns
should be based upon understand-
ing with the institution.
Raps Restraints
4) When the teacher speaks or
writes as a citizen, rather than as
an academician, he should be free
from institutional censorship or

discipline; he may say anything in
his field of competence and is
neither professionally irresponsible
nor undermines the basic philo-
sophical foundations of the uni-
versity.
5) USNSA adheres to principles
established by the American As-
sociation of University Professors
that "removal can be justified only
on the grounds established, by evi-
dence of unfitness to teach because
of incompetence, lack of scholarly
objectivity or integrity, serious
misuse of the classroom or of aca-
demic prestige, gross personal mis-
conduct or conscious participation
in conspiracy against the govern-
ment."
Past or present association with
persons or organizations are not
in themselves sufficient basis for
removal from academic position.
Impartial Judge1
Any charge against the indi-
vidual's integrity and professional,'
competence should be validated by
an impartial tribunal of his peers.
We caution that such a tribunal
must confront the individual with"
his accusers as well as the full
specifications of all charges
against him.
We believe that an educator's
refusal on constitutional grounds
to reply to questions concerning
his views, affiliations, and asso-
ciations is not justifiable cause
for dismissal.
USNSA expresses its full confi-
dence in the AAUP to make objec-
tive investigations in the, dismis-
sal of professors with whom it is
concerned because of allegedsvio-
lations of academic due process.
6) USNSA believes that requir-
ing loyalty oaths as a prerequisite
for academic administration, aca-
demic aid, academic employment
or tenure, or as a basis for con-
tinued employment of faculty
members in a university is pro-
cedurally ineffective and does not
necessarily guarantee loyalty to-
wards one's country; it is destruc-
tive to academic freedom.

USNSA also opposes political
test oaths, disclaimers and ques-
tionnaires affecting students and
faculty as being in opposition to
the concept of freedom.
It is the right of all organiza-
tions, educational or otherwise, to
investigate the background of
prospective employees, only inso-
far as such investigation concerns
thei. ability to perform the job.
This is not to be construed as our
being opposed to a voluntary oath
of allegiance to the constitution of
the country or the state.
Oppose Lists
7) USNSA believes that past as-
sociations of students or teachers
with persons or organizations
should not be considered in de-
termining an individual's loyalty
to his country.
USNSA opposes the use of mem-
bership lists of student and fac-
ulty organizations for purposes of
discrimination against students or
teachers on the basis of organiza-
tional affiliations.
Students and faculty organiza-
tions should not be placed on lists
of allegedly subversive groups
without due process of law or in
the contradiction to Amendments
1, 5, and 14 to the Constitution of
the United States.
8) USNSA advocates that all

appropriate steps be taken to elim-
inate academically indefensible
restrictions of free access to in-
formation.
Specific Violations
of Academic
Freedomn
PRINCIPLE: Unhampered ex-
pression and discussion of all
points of view is fundamental to
the concept of a free university in
a free society. The student has a
special interest in violations of
freedoms of expressions and dis-
cussions and has an obligation to
cite and to criticize specific in-
stances of such infringements.
SPEAKER BANS
FACT:
In the past year, USNSA has
noted several violations of aca-
demic freedom through limitations
of speakers at both public and
private institutions. The following
examples are representative of the
infractions:
1) University of Washington. In
April of 1962 the president of the
university, speaking for the Board
of Regents, promulgated a policy
that no Communists would be al-

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michigan technic
STAFF MEETING
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7:30
Th u rsday,

P.M.
Sept.

5

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The Interfraternity Council, in cooperation with the Interquadrangle Council,
presents a panel discussion followed by a question-and-answer period in
order to better acquaint you with the nature of fraternities at Michigan.
For an objective discussion of this important topic, you are cordially invited
to be present. Panels will be held at 7:00 P.M. in house or Quadrangle
lounges according to the following schedule. Further information is posted on

Markley and East Quadrangle
South and West Quadrangles

RUSH INFORMATION PROGRAM

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