Fore ign
By DAVID MARCUS

Students

Gravitate

to Acad

Foreign students have a' tendency to enter academic life, a
recent survey by the graduate school of all non-citizens receiving
doctorates at the; University from 1941-61 shows.
The survey found that of the foreign students who remained
in the United States after receiving their doctorates 69.3 per
cent hold some position in a college or university. Among those
returning to their native lands, 62.3 per cent were engaged in
similar positions.
The report, in pointing out its purpose, says that "the ques-
tion is sometimes raised as to whether it is a function of a state
supported institution to accept and educate foreign students.
Contributions to Society
"One possible indicator of the worth of the investment in
advanced foreign students is to know the quality of the contribu-
tion they dre making to society after completion of the doctor's
degree."
The report also notes a steadily rising number of foreign

doctorates awarded at the University. In the years 1941-6, the
University awarded only 42 such degrees to foreign students.
In the four years after that, the University awarded 73. However
between 1952-6, the number jumped to 151 and in the period
from 1956-61, the number reached 207.
Overall, the survey found that "Well over 90 per cent of these
foreign students hold responsible, high ranking positions in edu-
cation, health, business or government."
Businessmen
In addition to the approximately two thirds of both the
foreign students who stayed in the United States and those who
returned engaged in college and university work, the survey shows
that 21.2 per cent of the foreign students who stayed went into
business positions. This is substantially higher than the figure
for those who returned, 9.6 per cent.
But in the field of government service, 19.3 per cent of the
foreign respondents hold public posts as opposed to only 2.2 per
cent of those living in the United States.,

The report also investigates the sources of financial backing
for foreign students during their doctoral studies. Three fourths
of those still in the United States and one-half of those who
have gone back reported that University assistantships and fellow-
ships aided them to one degree or another.
Among the students who returned, approximately one quarter
mentioned scholarships or other aid from their native government.
Some were also aided by continued salaries from home or scholar-
ships and part-time work from other sources.
Over 70 per cent of all the foreign respondents and about
two thirds of the domestic respondents say that the University
would be their first choice if they were to begin doctoral work
all over again. Other institutions cited include Harvard, Cam-
bridge and Massachussetts Institute of Technology.
Excellence of 'U'
In giving reasons for coming to the University as opposed to
other institutions, approximately 40 per cent of all the students
in the survey answered "reputation, excellence of staff" or some

M0
emic World
particular department. Seventeen per cent of both groups also
replied that a "scholarship, fellowship or assistantship" was a
factor in bringing them to the University.
The report concludes that "In general, the students appeared
satisfied in having selected the'University as the place to complete
doctoral work."
Approximately two-thirds of all the students surveyed said
that their degrees had made a very great contribution to their
professional advancement.
The report also considered areas of employment immediately
before and immediately after leaving the University, the geographic
distribution of the foreign students receiving doctorates at the
University. Students from Canada compromised the largest part
of the sample, 23 per cent, followed by students from the Far
East with 20.9 per cent. European, Near Eastern and Southeast
Asian students followed with 15.6 per cent, 13.1 per cent and 11
per cent.



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Y

jit ian

&ti-a ii

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High-33
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Cloudy and mild
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Seventy-Two Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXIII No.76 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 16, 1962 SEVEN CENTS

SIX PAGES

NATO

Council

Endorses

More Conventional Arms

STATE ECONOMY:
Legislators To Inspect
U Research Facilities
By KENNETH WINTER,
A group of about 20 legislators will get a first-hand look at
southeastern Michigan's research programs next week.
They will view both university and business research facilities
in a three-day tour organized by the state department of economic
development at the instigation of Rep. Gilbert E. Bursley (R-Ann
Arbor).
The group includes the members of the Joint Legislative Com-
mittee. on Economic Development, and "other legislators who are

Avoids Issue
Of European

Ross Gives
Resignation
By JEAN TENANDER
Robert Ross, '63, Student Gov-
ernment Council member, resigned
his position as chairman of Voice
Political Party at the group's exec-
utive council meeting yesterday.
In a statement announcing his
resignation, Ross said he was leav-
ing for several reasons. "I feel
that it is best for Voice if I cease
to be the titular and actual head
of the organization," he said. He
indicated that his decision result-
ed from a number of factors.
"I do not think my style of poli-
tics is any longer representative
of the membership," he said., He
also pointed out that Voice has
derived both strength and weak-
ness from its ability to unite both
liberals and radicals within its
framewbrk. As an example of
Voice's growing inability to con-
$inue to do this Ross listed the
newly reactivated Socialist Club
and the formation of the new
Friends of the Student Non-
Violent Coordinating Committee.
Force Responsibility
He said he felt his resignation
would force people, who mig'it
still feel unprepared, into assum-
ing positions in which they would
be compelled to utilize their abili-
ties. "The issue about my not
giving people room will also be
eliminated," he added.
"Perhaps the most disturbing
cause, if not the most powerful,
of my resignation, is the sizeable
current of opinion which attri-
butes to me motives, intentions
and attitudes, which generally
question or challenge my commit-
ment to democracy and discussion
within the organization, Ross
said.
He has been worried for some
time about his increased academic
workload, and noted this as still
another consideration in his res-
ignation. He hoped for awhile that
the membership would provide a
vice-chairman to take on some of
his duties.
Discussing the origins of 'is
feelings on the matter Ross said
he has been questioning his posi-
tion almost since the beginning
of the year. He was on the verge
of continuing in his capacity as
chairman until the Voice mem-
bership meeting last Thursday
evening.
Disillusioned
Lino oear 1^ tir-c avfrtn r . a i

-especially interested in economic
development," Butsley explained
yesterday.
New Products
He said the tour will be par-
ticularly cone3rned with research
which would lead to the develop-
ment of new products-and the
possibility of more economic
growth.
"To my knowledge, no legisla-
tive group has seen the things
that will be seen on this trip,"
Bursley commented.
He added that one purpose of
the tour is to give legislators a
better basis for formulating the
appropriations to state-supported
research institutions, such as the
University.
Monday Tour
The Ann Arbor segment of the
tour will be on Monday, and will
include morning visits to the Ben-
dix Space Lab, the Ann Arbor
Research Park and the Lear-
Siegler laboratories. After a lunch-
eon with University officials at
the Michigan Union, they will
view the University's North Cam-
pus aeronautical engineering fa-
cilities, the cyclotron and Willow
Run Airport.
The next two days will include
visits to Wayne State University
and several large Detroit area re-
search installations.
May Shake UP
Cuban Envoys
In Europe Posts
MADRID (;') - Cuban sources
here said yesterday a shakeup is
under way in Fidel Castro's diplo-
matic and consular service in Eu-
rope, with many consular and
other envoys either quitting or be-
ing removed.
Behind these moves, these
sources said, is a desire of some
anti-Communist, Cuban officials
to get out, and a general move"
from Havana to weed out all rep-
resentatives of doubtful loyalty to
Castro.
Five Cuban consuls and vice-
consuls in Madrid, Vigo, Sevilla,
and Barcelona are reported to
have resigned or been ousted. All
five were described by anti-Castro
Cubans here as basically anti-
Communist.
Cuban sources here said the
former Cuban ambassador to Aus-
tria, Fernando Gainza Gonzalez,
had arrived in Spain by automobile
afe- can-iein u. h Vannan+c

ROBERT S. MCNAMARA
. spread the burden

Hits Current
A tom Policy
NEW YORK M)-Former United
States Secretary of State Dean
Acheson said nuclear weapons
are not needed to defend Europe
against a massive Soviet conven-
tional weapons attack.
Therefore, he added, any Euro-
ean-produced nuclear force would
be a "tragic misuse" of resources.
Acheson, one of the principle
architects of NATO and an ad-
visor to President John F. Ken-
nedy, stated his views in the cur-
rent issue of Foreign Affairs mag-
azine.
In an article titled "The Prac-
tice of Partisanship," he suggested
that a well-armed force of 30
NATO divisions, with an equal
number of E quickly mobilized re-
serves, could do the job of in-
hibiting any Soviet thrusts.
As for a European nuclear force,
he wrote:
"It is an illusion to believe that
Europe can or will produce an
independent nuclear deterrent
within any time relevant to mili-
tary planning, even if given the
necessary technological help ...
"The British nuclear effort over
many years has strained available
resources, reduced conventional
forces to a minimum and pro-
duced a nuclear capability that
may be, perhaps, two per cent of
the nuclear striking power which
the United States could now bring
to bear in the NATO area. If we
assume that France is capable
of equalling that result and that
the rest of NATO Europe could
add as much again, the total would
not be a significant addition to
nuclear power contributed by the
United States,' or to what the
United States would be adding to
that power during the same time."
"Viewed as a deterrent, a Eu-
ropean, and certainly a French,
nuclear striking force would con-
tain little threat against Soviet
nuclear power."
Red Chinese
Score Japan
TOYKO (UP)-Communist China

Atom Force
Ministers Applaud
Kennedy's Actions
In Cuban Situation
By The Associated Press
PARIS - The North Atlantic
Treaty Organization Council en-
dorsed yesterdayan increase in
the West's conventional arma-
ments, but steered clear of the
controversial issue of independent
national nuclear forces in Europe.
The foreign, defense and finance
ministers of the NATO members
agreed with the American view
that the defense burden should be
more equitable. In their final com-
munique, ending their three-day
winter session, they said NATO
members should bring their own
national forces up to NATO re-
quirements.
Secretary of Defense Robert S.
McNamara had told the NATO
Council that the United States is
carrying an undue part of the
defense load and that the division
should be more equitable.
Greater Strength
Drawing on the Cuban experi-
ence, the ministers said greater
conventional military strength is
needed to give the West the widest
possible range of response to any
future Soviet thrust.
As for Cuba, the ministers hail-
ed President John F. Kennedy's
"firmness and strength" for avert-
ing war in that crisis.
While agreeing to bolster the
alliances conventional armament,
the ministers declared their readi-
ness to ease up on cold war ten-
sion once Moscow adopts a similar
attitude.
Endangered Interests
Current Russian policy, one
NATO official said, is such that
any understanding now could only
endanger vital Western interests.
The ministers singled out dis-
armament-with the goal of gen-
eral, complete, controlled disarma-
ment-as a field where Soviet
policy should change if any agree-
ment is to be reached.

RUSSIA:
Suspect
Nuclear
T esting
STOCKHOLM ()-A suspected
new Soviet nuclear explosion in
the artic region was reported yes-
terday by a Swedish defense in-
stitution.
But the report was immediately
challenged by other experts and
strong doubts remain.
The Swedish Defense Research
Institute reported yesterday it had
by microbarographic measure-
ments in Stockholm and in Kiruna
above the Arctic Circle, "registered
a nuclear explosion at 8 o'clock
this morning.
Small Blast
"The estimated strength of the
explosion was placed at less than
one megaton. It apparently is the
first in a series of tests in the
Novaya Zemlya region."
The report was carried as prime
news in the Swedish state radio
newscast.
The seismological institution at
Uppsala, which has hitherto been
first to register most of the earlier
Russian nuclear explosions-even
very small ones-questioned the
report strongly.
No Register
Magnus Baath, chief of the Up-
psala institution, told an inquiring
reporter: "We have registered no-
thing like that, despite careful
checking and doublechecking.
"Microbarographic measuring is
subject to strong interference and,
we believe this has been the case.
We have been in contact .with the
Defense Research Institute and
an official there told me he also
now suspects it may have been a
mistake."
Later, it was reported the Geo-
desic Institute at Stockholm Uni-
versity also registered a nuclear
explosion yesterday "of at most
five megatons" in the atmosphere
over Novaya Zemlya, the usual
Soviet testing ground.
Cast Doubts
Atmospheric interference, how-
ever, was reported to have cast
doubt on the readings.
The report of the explosion
comes after a week of bickering
at the Geneva nuclear testing talks
over the efficacy of "black boxes"
for mechanically monitoring
against potential illegal nuclear
tests once a test-ban agreement
had been signed.
The United States challenged
the Soviet contention that the
"black boxes" would be sufficient
to detect illegal tests.

By PHILIP SUTIN
The schools, colleges and de-
partments in the natural sciences
are slowly preparing for year-
round operation.
Some, like the medical and nurs-
ing schools, are unaffected by the
change in the calendar as they
already operate full-year pro-
grams.
Others, such as the natural re-
sources school and the geology de-
partment, are only minimally ef-
fected as most of their students
work in University-sponsored sum-
mer camps and projects.
Different Approach
The publie health school has
taken a different approach to full-
year operation and plans to
strengthen its program.
Most of the other schools and
departments in the area are plan-
ning additional summer courses to
meet an expected increase in en-
rollment.
The engineering college and the
dental school are awaiting Uni-.
versity action before planning.fur-
ther.
Infant Puans
Fii-year operation is still in an
early planning stage, Dean Stephen
H. Spurr of the natural resources
school, assistant to the vice-presi-
dent for academic affairs, explain-
ed recently.
"Next year will be a year for
the schools to integrate the old
calendar with the new" he said.
"The faculty is thinking, about it.
Nov there will be policies and pro-
grar,s for the summer session."
Dcan Steven S. Attwood of the
engineering college said "it is a
little early to name specific course
changes." He pointed out that full-
year operation plans depend on
legislative support and student re-
action.
Partial Expansion
The natural resources school and
the geology department plan only
partial expansion of their summer
Seek To Form"
Government
SALISBURY WP)-Sir Humphrey
Gibbs, governor of this British ter-
ritory, called yesterday on Winston
Field, leader of the segregationist
Rhodesian Front Party, to form the
next government.
See earlier story, Page 3
Field, whose party won Friday's
territorial election, agreed and said
he would announce his cabinet
Monday. Final results gave the
Rhodesian Front 35 seats in the
legislature, the United Federal
Party 29 and Independents 1.

programs. Both maintain summer
camps and projects in which their
graduate students are expected to
participate.
However, the natural resources
school plans "to beef up" its pro-
gram in conservation, Dean Spurr
noted. This program does not re-
quire as much field work and is
of interest to teachers who take
summer courses here, he explained..
It will be developed into a full-

year program, Dean Spurr added.
Full-year operation will have
little effect on geology graduate
students, Prof. Donald F. Esch-
man, chairman of the department,
explained, as they presently do
field work in the summer.
Basic Courses
The department may offer some
of the basic undergraduate con-
centration courses in the summer
See SCHOOLS, Page 2

committee suggested the federal
share of the program's cost might
approximate 60 per cent, or about
$2.8 billion.
No Price
However, the group said a sub-
stantial portion of this amount
would come from existing federal
programs. It did not give a precise
estimate of the additional cost in-
volved.
The committee proposed th9t
the nation's colleges turn out 7500
doctorates a year by 1970, com-
pared with 3400 in 1962. It said
the number of students receiving
masters degrees in the science and
engineering fields should be boost-
ed to 30,000 a year from the pres-
ent 13,000.
"Unless remedial action is tak-
en promptly, it said, "future needs
for superior engineers, mathenia-
ticians and physical scientists will
seriously outstrip the supply."
Soviet Training
It noted that the Soviet Union
is concentrating on the training
of the scientist-oriented profes-
sionals. It said the United States
"must meet the challenges posed
by the $ino-Soviet programs, but
not by augmented numbers alone"
It said there should be concentra-
tion on sustained growth of excel-
lence.'
In addition to recommending
the training of more graduate
students, the committee urged the
strengthening of existing centers b
of educational excellence. d
About $1.7 billion of the $4.7s
billion program would be earmark-t
ed for building and equipping col-
leges fedlities. I

Schools Set Year-Round Plans


Group Propose's More Aid
For Scientists, Engineers
WASHINGTON (M)-A White House advisory committee recom-
mended yesterday that government and private interests provide $4.7
billion in the next seven years to train more graduate scientists and
engineers.
President John F. Kennedy accepted the panel's central conclu-
sion that something special must be done if the supply of highly-
trained engineers, mathematicians and physical scientists is to keep
pace with demand: In a 45-page report, Kennedy's science advisory

JOHN J. KENNEDY
. accepts conclusion
RESEARCH
Armament
Symposim*
To Commence

Peking Gradua ti

(EDITOR'S NOTE: The follow-
ing are excerpts from a univer-
sity student in Peking, written
in November to a friend outside
Red China. Details of the letter
have been released by the
Southeast Asia Treaty Organi-
zation in Bangkok, but the
identity of the writer has been
withheld.)
Special To The Daily
PEKING-It is not easy for
a university graduate to get a
job this year.
Over half of the graduates
from special lines of learning
are still waiting in their schools
for job allocations. Graduates
from engineering departments
are particularly unwanted . . .

semester. A new assignment is
given to us before the old one
is finished.... The new regu-
lation is that if you fail in one
course, you are liable to be re-
tained for a year. If you fail in
three courses, you will be dis-
missed from the university.
It is reported that the food
situation in Swatow District has
improved. Well, it is just like
the tail of a mouse. No matter
how much it swells, it is still
small. The food ration is still
inadequate. In Peking, the sup-
ply of food and vegetables has
increased. Prices of high-class
articles are somewhat lower, but
not many people can afford to
buy. It is renorted that food in

Thoug
ported
is not
tao (c
of grai
Fat
rare.I
improv
nel no
They t
China
must
princip
sound.
suppor
Cott
is dou
that w
not be
--4- h

es Lack Jobs
h food is said to be im- will be inevitable. What China}
what we eat every day is interested in at present isr
hing more than wo-wo- the violent seizure of state pow-
oarse Chinese dumplings er in various countries, thus to
in); they are awful. overthrow the imperialistic rule.
and meat are very, very What happened in Cuba and
Because the situation is Algeria were the result of the
red, our leading person- application of the Chinese
w hold their heads high. viewpoint.-
tell us emphatically that It seems that so far as China
must rely on herself and refrains from attacking Tai-
stand firm on her own wan, the Formosan strait will
Ales. This is morally be temporarily spared the
As Chinese, we must threat of war. . . .
't this idea. The tension.in southeast
Asia has been temporarily re-
on production this year lieved by the settlement inr
tbtful. The cloth ration Laos. In Vietnam, President
as due in September has John F. Kennedy's guerilla war-
en distributed yet. It will fare seems to be getting some-
mn- fmho" ,. fa4:+ -.

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Victor Karpov, first secretary
f the Soviet embassy in Washing-
ton, will deliver the keynote ad-
dress tomorrow at the opening
session of the four day Interna
tional Arms Control Symposium.
The University and Bendix Sys-
tems Division, co-sponsors of the
conference, announced yesterday
that Masao Kanazawa, political
consular of the Japanese embassy
and M. S. Yalden, first secretary
of the Canadian external affairs
department, will also speak at
technical sessions.
Following Karpov's speech, Rob-
ert Matteson of the state depart-
ment will also address the group.
In, tomorrow's afternoon session
Walter Reuther, president of the
United Auto Workers, will discuss
"Arms Control and Labor."
Each general session will be held
in Rackham Bldg. and is open to
the public.
Karpov's speech will be at 1 :30
p.m. tomorrow. Reuther will speak
at 4 p.m.
At 9 a.m. Tuesday Joseph P_
Hanson, Jr. of the United States
Information Agency will speak on
"Arms Control and Public Infor-
mation." The Tuesday afternoon
session, at 2 p.m., will feature
Harold Taylor of the National Re-