THE MICHIGAN DAIT V
'DAt,-4v ors!
_THE M.CWIE.NavAIIaV A r m' a s~,,.
rAUETH.KEunz
i
Britain Airlifts
Troops,
To Halt Burnei Revolt*
Officials Note Control
DHOLA, LONJU:
Nehru Says Chinese.
Want To Keep Posts
NEW DELHI WP-Prime Minister Jawarahlal Nehru said yester-
day Red China wants to keep civil police posts at two points in north-
Gosling Views Malaya Strife
:>
MODERN DIPLOMACY:
Foreign Service Panel
Recommends Changes
WASHINGTON (,)-A panel headed by former Secretary of State
Christian A. Herter called yesterday for major United State foreign
service personnel changes to meet the needs of 20th century diplomacy.
In the most important report on the subject since the Wriston
Committee Study early in former President Dwight D. Eisenhower's
administration, the Herter Committee recommended:
1. Creation of a career-type executive under the secretary of state
to act as a manager in the state department seeing that policies and
tprograms are carried out.
CHRISTIAN HERTER
. policy changes
World News
Round t
iL Rn j,
By The Associated Press
DAMASCUS-Yemen's royalists
appealed to President - John F.
Kennedy yesterday "to remove
Egyptian army interference in
Yemen" and to send a fact-find-
ing. commission to the revolt-torn
Red Sea nation.
* * *
PARIS-A warrant has been is-
sued for the arrest of Jacques
Soustelle, former governor-general
of Algeria, on charges of plotting
against the authority of the state,
French judicial sources revealed
yesterday.
ATOMIC TEST SITE-President
John F. Kennedy toured the na-'
tion's nuclear testing grounds
yesterday, manipulated a radio-
active fragment with a mechani-
cal/hand and heard that a manned
flight to Mars will be possible after
the first moon trip by nuclear
Erocket.
WASHINGTON - White House
Press Secretary Pierre Salinger
said he is opposed to supervising
contacts between newsmen and
officials throughout the govern-
ment. He said he does not regard
as a precedent for other agencies
the policies set up in the Defense
and State Departments.
WASHINGTON - Americans
paid a record $21.1 billion for pri-
vate medical care in 1961-$1.3
billion more than in 1960-the So-
cial Security Administration re-
ported yesterday.
* * *
OSLO-Kirsten Flagstad, famed
Norwegian Wagnerian soprano and
former star of the Metropolitan
Opera, died Friday night.
* * *
BOSTON-The Rt. Rev. John
M. Burgess yesterday was conse-
crated an Episcopal bishop, the
first Negro of that rank in the
United States.
* * *
RABAT - Mounting returns
from Morocco's constitutional ref-
erendum yesterday gave a sweep-
ing 94 per cent yes vote to King
Hassan II and his proposal for a
constitutional monarchy. The per-
centage was based on unofficial
tabulations of nearly three million
votes cast in 12 of the country's
16 provinces.
Advanced Schooling
2. Establishment of a "national
foreign affairs college," similar to
the present National War College
for military officers, giving ad-
vanced schooling to civilians rep-
resenting America abroad.
3. Strengthening the state de-
partment's diplomatic career ser-
vice and adding two sister career
foreign services, one a "foreign
information service" f f r the
United States Information Agency
and the other a "foreign develop-
ment service" for the aid-admin-
istering Agency for International
Development.
Secretary of State Dean Rusk,
who initiated the privately-fi-,
nanced study last year, hailed the
proposals as of major significance,
but did not say whether they
would be adopted.
Secondary Recommendations
Some of the Herter Committee's
secondary recommendations, out
of a total of 43, are already being
carried out. But major changes
would require legislation.
Costs were borne by the Car-
negie Endowment for Internation-
al Peace, the Ford Foundation and
the Rockefeller Brothers Fund.
The report, entitled "Personnel
for the New Diplomacy," portrayed
United States foreign service re-
quirements today as much more
demanding than earlier in United
States history. With America's
emergenceas the foremost world
power after World War II, the
increase in the number of inde-
pendent countries and the expan-
sion of subjects dealt with inter-'
nationally, the overseas force of
United States civilians in official'
jobs has now swollen to a total of
about 32,000 stationed in 127
foreign lands.
The report said an executive
under secretary of state should be;
set up in the state department
as third man, below the secretary
and under secretary.
Rebels Strike
Oil Fields
In Sultanate
Azahari Proclaims
Borneo Leadership
BRUNEI (tP)-The British army
airlifted hard - fighting Gurkha
troops to Brunei, a sultanate on
Borneo yesterday to help crush a
revolt for independence from
Britain.
Striking before dawn, rebels hit
at Brunei's rich oil installations,
but the local government appear-
ed to have the rebellion under
control by nightfall.
Seven persons were reported
killed in the opening skirmishes of
the revolt, sparked by an Indone-
sian-educated lawyer, A. Z. Aza-
hri, who proclaimed himself from
Manila Prime Minister of Brunei
a n d its British - administered
neighbors, North Borneo and Sar-
awak.
Opening their attacks rebels hit
at British-operated oil installa-
tions in Brunei, but no damage or
casualties were reported.
They also were reported to have
struck at Brunei's major oil fields
around Seria.
. (Brunei cable offices closed
down at their usual hour Saturday
night but the government of Sar-
awak announced in Kuching the
situation in Brunei was under gov-
ernment control and that order
had been restored with 100 per-
sons under arrest. It said, how-
ever, the situation in the oil field
areas of Seria and the Kuala Be-
lait district was still serious.)
He established the Sultan of
Brunei, Sir Omar Ali Saifuddin,
as revolutionary ruler of all three
territories. But in a broadcast over,
Brunei radio the Sultan denounced
the uprising and indicated those
responsible for it would be pun-
ished.
He said his rebel forces also had
opened hostilities in Sarawak and
North Borneo, but there was no
confirmation of this, other than
a few border skirmishes launched
from Brunei.
Azahari said his rebels number-
ed between 20,000 and 25,000 men
and were fighting under the
name Tentera Nasional Kaliman-
tan Utara (North Borneo National
Army).
Lon nm a ou nis intentions, our
his government made clear its re-
jection of Peking's bid for a far
greater prize in Ladakh, in the
west.
The government said in a book-
let issued for world distribution it
believed the Chinese Communists'
main aim in attacking this coun-
try was to keep control of a stra-
tegic section of eastern Ladakh,
through which runs a highway
linking China's Sinkiang province
and Tibet.
"It would be fatal to compro-
mise with aggression or submit to
the military dictates of an aggres-
sor," the booklet said.
Withdraw Further
A Peking broadcast announced
that the Chinese troops will with-
draw further today on both east-
ern and western sectors in a pull-
back begun a week ago toward
what the Chinese term "the lines
of actual control" of Nov. 7, 1959.
This was called a demonstration
of Red China's desire to settle the
boundary question peacefully.
"We hope," the radio said. "that
the Indian government will take to
heart the friendship between the
Chinese and Indian people and
African-Asian solidarity and will
quickly make corresponding ef-
forts."
Representatives of six neutral
nations gathered at Colombo,
Ceylon, for a conference to search
for a compromise. Participants are
Ceylon, Burma, Indonesia, Cam-
bodia, Ghana and the United Arab
Republic. Formal sessions will
open tomorrow. There was already
talk of settling for a peace dele-
gation to be sent to New Delhi
and Peking.
Printers Strike
In New York
NEW YORK (P)-A newspaper
strike hit New York City yesterday
at the height of the pre-Christmas
advertising season.
Printers walked out of four
newspapers in a contract dispute
and four other papers shut down
operations voluntarily. A ninth
published editions circulated only
outside the city.
The nine papers have joint con-
tracts with the printers through
the Publishers' Association of
New York City. There was no sign
of an early settlement.
- - - -------------------- ----
Y '
east India after its troops withdraw.
These are the Himalayan villages of Dhole and Longju,
120 miles apart.
Reject Bid
Nehru did not say in a report to parliament what he was
to do about these claims, and members were not permitted to
fitn him bhif Ma intnin <ii+4>
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU
. . . Chinese demands
SPACE LAW:
Seek. End
To Deadlock
UNITED NATIONS (P) - The
Soviet Union, the United States
and 13 other countries proposed
yesterday that the United Nations
General Assembly call for urgent
efforts to break the East-West
deadlock over legal problems of
outer space exploration.
They submitted a compromise
resolution on the subject for con-
sideration of the Assembly's polit-
ical committtee, which began de-
bating Monday a report of the
United Nations committee on the
peaceful uses of outer space.
Compromise Proposal
United States delegation sources
said the Soviet delegation agreed
Friday night to sponsor the com-
promise proposal, a revision of a
resolution originally put forward
by the United States alone.
The United States, without co-
sponsors, proposed that the As-
sembly adopt a declaration recom-
mending principles for countries
to follow in the exploration and
use of outer space.
Soviet Declaration
The Americans, who disliked
some parts of that declaration,
insisted that the subcommittee
deal first with United States pro-
posals calling for the rescue of
strayed astronauts and space ve-
hicles and for the payment of
damage claims occasioned by space
accidents.
about
going
ques-
By MALINDA BERRY
"Malaya offers a hopeful an-
alogy to the situation in South
Vietnam, but while some aspects
+ of the Malayan conflict can be
transferred, we cannot be even
that hopeful in South Vietnam,"
Prof. L. A. Peter Gosling of the
geography- department said Fri-
day.
In Malaya, where the Commun-
ist revolt lasted from 1947-1960
with some disruptions still lin-
gering on in the northern hills,
the main source of supply for the
Chinese villages. The British re-
settled these villages where the
Communists couldn't get at them,
he said.
Elaborate Protection
In addition to resettling the
dissident Malayan elements the
British had an elaborate system
of protection. The Communists
had been recruiting troops from
the pro-West Malays by kidnap-
ping. They were faced with the
choice of "fight forthe Com-
munists or getting shot once they
were abducted," Prof. Gosling con-
tinued.
"This was very effective in Ma-
laya, but for the most part the
situation in South Vietnam is
very pessimistic and vitory in
Malaya doesn't mean we can win
there even with resettlement and
protection."
The Viet Cong can get all the
recruits they need from North
Vietnam. They also have an out-
side supply line from the North
which means they can continue
guerilla activity as long as the
line continues to exist, Prof. Gos-
ling said.
Vietnam Struggle
The struggle in South Vietnam
has been going on ever since
the end of the French-Indo-
chinese War in 1954. Indochina
was then split into three inde-
pendent nations-Laos, Cambodia
and Vietnam. Vietnam was par-
titioned into a Communist North
and a pro-Western South. Since
then North Vietnam has been
sending Communist guerrillas into
South Vietnam in an attempt to
overthrow the Saigon regime.
One of the tactics being used
by the Vietnamese army, is "to
instill an aggressive attitude in
the Vietnamese" a United States
colonel at American headquarters
in Saigon said, The Wall Street
Journal reported recently.
"I don't think it ever can be
done, but it could be the way to
mobilize the peasantry," Prof.
Gosling said, "whereas now they
simply prefer stability to any-
thing. They have the understand-
able attitude of 'just leave us
alone to get on with our business'
-which is farming."
The only way to get a real
victory over the Communists is to
arouse anti-Communist feeling in
the peasantry which the British
already discovered in Malaya.
Kill Terrorists
"There were more than 5000
Communist terrorists there in
1948, when the revolt began. The
British killed over 500 hard-core
the emergency there were still
Communists, and ten years after
more than 5000 left in the jungle,"
he said. "Kill one and a replace-
ment will come from the local in-
habitants."
There is no quick solution to
the Vietnamese situation, and we
may be destined to failure, Prof.
Gosling said. The only similar ex-
perience we have had in South-
east Asia is the Malayan revolt
of 1947-1960.
In this conflict the British ex-
pended tremendous effort to wipe
out Chinese Communist guerillas,
and ultimately, with a combina-
tion of military action, social and
economicreforms and the in-
dependence of Malaya in 1957
from colonial rule, the terrorist
menace was reduced to a minor
disturbance. Now it is limited to
a few hill areas in the north.
Type of Victory
, "It was a kind of victory," Prof.
Gosling indicated, " but we can-
not be that hopeful in South Viet-
nam as there are too many dif-
ferences in the two areas."
Malaya was isolated with no
direct supply line from a Com-
munist power. All supplies had to
come from within and the Com-
munists had to make-do with
third rate military equipment.
In contrast Vietnam has a good
supply line. It runs through ter-
ritory we cannot control - Laos'
and Cambodia. Troops and sup-
plies can be moved in with rela-
tively little difficulty, he said.
Basically Chinese
In Malaya also Communist
movement could be identified as
S.G.C.
TON IGHT at 7:00 and 9:20
HENRY V
COLOR
Lawrence Olivier, Robert Newton
Coming next week:
Orson Welles' JOURNEY INTO FEAR
Tolstoy's ANNA KAREN INA
ARCHITECTURE AUDITORIUM
50 cents
basically Chinese and the West
could depend on the support of
the Malays against the Commun-
ists. More than half the popula-
tion was fighting the "Commun-
ist menace," and all the British
had to do was control that 40 per
cent.
In South Vietnam every citizen
is potentially Communist, we
would presumably have to watch
the whole country of over 11 mil-
lion people.
"At the time of the strongest
Communist effort in Malaya in
the late 1940's, there was no out-
side power who could help the
Communist Malays," Prof. Gosling
noted.
"China played no active role in
the Malayan situation, but now
they have a voice in southeast
Asian affairs. We have negotiated
with them at the conference table
over the Laotian situation, but
the political situation is totally
different," he said.
Kowalski Urges
Legislative Session
LANSING (P)-State legislators
are expected to be cool toward a
' proposal by Rep. Joseph J. Kowal-
ski (D-Detroit) that they return
to Lansing immediately. Kowal-
ski wants enabling legislation
passed so that the state can ob-
tain federal assistance for needy
children of the unemployed.
CASTRO OUSTER:
Republican Committee Hits Cuba Policy
By The Associated Press
r
WASHINGTON-Winding up a
two-day conference, Republicans
called on President John F. Ken-
nedy for action toward the "com-
plete elimination" Communist mil-
itary power in Cuba and the over-
throw of Cuban Premier Fidel
Castro.
The Republican National Com-
mittee accused the Democratic ad-
ministration of deceiving the
American people about the pres-
ence of missiles in Cuba at a time
it said GOP spokesmen had ex-
posed their presence there.
The Republicans lashed out at
what they called "suppression and
distortion of truth" by the ad-
ministration in its informational
policies.
Power Grab
They condemned what they said
was Kennedy's "grab for excessive
power" in the presidency.
They also criticized what they
termed a "staggering increase in
federal spending," pledging their
party to support tax reduction on-
ly if it is coupled with cuts in
spending.
Friday, Chairman William E.
Miller won the committee's ap-
plauding approval for a planned
massive 1964 GOP assault on Dem-
ocratic strongholds in the segre-
gationist South.
But among the 126 national
committee members and state
chairmen assembled here, there
were some who expressed doubts
that the party would help its
presidential cause if it fields Dixie
candidates-as it did this year-
who fly the anti-civil rights ban-
ner.
Standing beside a montage of
newspaper clippings reporting
Northern party dissent to some of
the segregationist links of Repub-
lican candidates in Dixie, Miller
told the committee members at
the opening session of the meet-
ing not to be "misled or dismayed
by those who are trying to give
Northern Republicans a guilt com-
plex over our Southern inroads.
"Our successes in the South
need no apology," he declared.
"They are the product of hard
and intelligent effort on the part
of people dedicated to the Repub-
lican principles of freedom and
sound government."
I
L
I
I
We're Going To Leave the Campus
KESSEL'S CAMPUS SHOP
STOCK LIQUIDATION'
CONTINUING
FURTHER REDUCTIONS,
SAVE TO
6O%/oOFF
AND MORE
EVERYTHING MUST GO
SKIRTS * SWEATERS * DRESSES
FORMALS " COCKTAILS
BLOUSES "SLACKS "BERMUDAS
SCARFS * SOX * RAINWEAR
ALL BY FAMOUS MAKERS
BIGGEST BARGAINS EVER!
SAVE ON CHRISTMAS GIFTS!
SAVE ON SOMETHING FOR YOURSELF!
JULIE HARRIS
CLIFF ROBERTSON
LEE STRASBERG
All students interested
in the future operation
of activities and buildings
of the Union and the League
THE ACTORS STUDIO
JO VAN FLEET
*
TEACHER OF GREAT STARS
i .._ :aNF '::> i": ''v'o. .:.-A::..A Thg -m.3-3v 7
II
II
11
11
in