WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 31, 1962

THE MICHIGANV DAILY

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PAGE TREE

E;

African Nations Block
Red China's Latest Bid

For

UN

PARLIAMENT OPENS:
Macmillan La
For Firm Cub
LONDON VP)-British Prime Minist
yesterday at the opening session of Parlia
the United States and its Western allies in
"a kind of super Munich."
Any wavering in Washington or other
lan told the House of Commons, "might ear
of the defense of the free world."
Then, putting in a call for East-We
said, "The world has had a shock. We hav
In these various trials of strength of whi
most recent, they ought not to be followe

by resentment due
intemperance due
Macmillan said.

to failure, of
to success,"

Negotiations
"Let us undertake negotiations
in this spirit and let us see wheth-
er we cannot, after what we have
been through, find a new determ-
ination to resolve the problems
from which the world is suffer-
ing."
Macmillan raised the possibili-
ty that Russia's establishment of
nuclear bases in Cuba and Red
China's thrust into Indi might
have sinister ties.
"To many people it must have
seemed that, whether by coinci-
dence or design, Communism was
on the move in a big way," Mac-
millan said.
'Brutal' Attacks
He branded the Red Chinese at-
tacks inside the Indian border as
"sudden, brutal and ruthless" pow-
er politics. He pledged all out Brit-
ish aid.
But he predicted that the on-
coming winter along the disputed
Himalaya border will slow the
Chinese Communist advances and
give the Indian army time to re-
gain its losses.
BAHA'U'LLAH
THE SAVIOUR
of il
MANKIND
GLAD TIDINGS
."The doors of the kingdom
are opened-the Sun of Truth
is shining upon the world -
the fountains of life are flow-
ing--the day-springs of mercy
have appeared - the greatest
and most glorious light is now
manifest to illuminate the
hearts of men! Wake up and
hear the voice of God calling
from all parts of the supreme
world:-'Come unto Me, O ye
children of men! Come unto
Me, O ye who are thirsty, :tnd
drink from this sweet water
which is descending in torrents
upon all part of the globe.'
Now is the time! Now is the
appointed time! Look ye at the
time of Christ! Had the people
realized that the Holy Spirit of
God was speaking to them
through His divine mouth, they
would not have waited three
centuries before accepting Him.
And now it is meet for you,
that while ye are sleeping upon
the beds of idleness and neglect,
the Father foretold by Christ
has come amongst us and open-
ed the greatest door of bounte-
ous gifts and divine favors. Let
us not be like those in past cen-
turies who were deaf to His call
and blind to His beauty: But let
us try and open our eyes that
we may see Him and open our
ears that we may hear Him, and
cleanse our hearts that He may
come and abide in our temples.
"These days are the days of
faith and deeds--not the days
of words and lip service. Let
us arise from the sleep of negli-
gence and realize what a great
feast is prepared for us, first
eating thereof ourselves, then
giving unto others who are
thirsting for the water of know-
ledge and hungering for the
bread of life.
"These great days are swiftly
passing and once gone can never
be recalled so while the rays
of the sun of truth are still
shining, and the Center of the
Covenant of God is manifest,
let us go forth to work, for
after awhile the night will come
and the way to the vineyard
will not fhe %& easy to find

I

embership
U.S., Allies
ttdsU.S.Gain Victory
a Stand 'In Balloing
er Harold Macmillan said
ment that the firmness of Attempt Fails To Win
the Cuban crisis prevented Necessary Majority
Western capitals; Macmil-y
sily have led to the collapse By The Associated Press
UNITED NATIONS -The Gen-
st negotiations, Macmillan eral Assembly turned down yes-
e been very near the edge. terday Red China's latest bid for
ch the Cuban crisis is the United Nations membership as
ch the Cuban cris is the African nations helped block ad-
d, on one side or the other, mission by a wider margin than
last year.
The vote on the Soviet resolu-
tion to expel Nationalist China
F>}' . . from the world organization and
to seat the Peking regime in its
place was 42 in favor, 56 against
s . and 12 abstaining.
Last year, the first time the
United States was unable to put
off a floor vote, the same resolu-
tion was rejected in closer bal-
loting-36 for, 48 against and 20
abstaining. Both votes fell far
short of the required two-thirds
majority.
Two-China Plan
Voting yesterday followed a last
ditch appeal by African nations
to seat both Peking and the
"" ::::;: ..Chinese Nationalists. They drew a
stern rebuttal from the Soviet
Union, declined to press the so-
called "two-China plan" and ral-
lied behind the United States in
AROLD MACMILLAN opposition to the Soviet resolu-
. lauds Cuba stand tion.
Allied Victory
Although Britain and the Scan-
r d Ndanavian nations again voted for
off .i eWthe resolution, yesterday's result
was seen aa a big victory for the
Roundup United States and its allies.
They strongly opposed seating
Red China, citing Peking's mili-
ORD, Miss.-University of tary thrust into India as proof of
ippi Student Affairs Dean its defiance of the UN charter.
Love told 6 group of male India, the champion of Red
is last night that any stu- China's admission in past years,
rrested in disturbances in- again supported the resolution as
ng with the presence of expected, despite its charges that
H. Meredith on the campus the Chinese Communists a r e
be charged with contempt carrying out a premediated ag-
eral court. This edict re- gression against India.

Hartke Cites
Desire for
United.Aim
By The Associated Press
WASHINGTON --A Democra-
tic spokesman proposed yesterday
that former President Dwight D.
Eisenhower take himself out of
the political campaign to avoid
any appearance of disunity dur-
ing the Cuban crisis.
Sen. Vance Hartke (D-Ind),
chairman of the Democratic sen-
atorial campaign committee, cri-
ticized a statement in which he
said Eisenhower had supported
President John F. Kennedy on
Cuba but had added-in Hartke's
words-"that there is room forl
criticism of the position taken by
the President."
Implication
Hartke told a news conference
further that in other statements
the former Republican President
had left "the clear implication
that this crisis is no different
from any other one."
"These statements could easily
be misunderstood," Hartke said,
adding that Eisenhower "has a
deeper responsibility than almost
any one else not to be making
statements that can be misinter-
preted."
United at Home
"No one should leave the im-
pression that we are not united
at home in our quest for world
peace," Hartke said.
In a speech at Gettysburg last
Tuesday Eisenhower called for
American unity in support of the
President in the Cuban crisis. He
added that once the crisis had
passed into history "it will be en-
tirely proper then to examine and
analyze and criticize decisions and
actions taken."
"So far as Cuba and Soviet
Russia are concerned in the weeks:
ahead," Eisenhower continued, "we
cannot be partisan, but a united
America need not and should not
degenerate into a conformist, a
silent America."
'Lip Service'
In response to questions, Hartke
said he was not classifying Eisen-
hower among some of the Republi-
can leaders the Indiana senator
said "should do more than just
give lip service to the President."
But he complained that in news
reports of some of Eisenhower's
speeches, "I didn't see one word
about domestic issues."
Asked if he was saying Eisen-
hower ought to get out of the cam-
paign, Hartke replied "I am saying
he should give serious considera-
tion to cancelling further public
appearances."

By GLORIA BOWLES
Reactions to Sunday's referen-
dum in France were varied, as a
law student from Toulouse, two'
native professors of French, and
two political scientists at the Uni-
versity appraised the 62 per cent
vote that gave President Charles
de Gaulle t h e constitutional
amendment he had requested, pop-
ular election of the President of
the Fifth Republic.
Two native Frenchmen of the'
French department, Gilles Mathis,°
a department lecturer from Aix-
en-Provence in southern France,
and Prof. Guy Mermier, both ex-
pressed disappointment over the
relatively small vote.
Mathis feels "this is the moment
for the French to change their
conception of government, from a
parliamentary form to a presi-
dential form of the American
type." The time is perfect, he says
for two reasons: There is oppor-
tunity now with de Gaulle as an
example of "a strong man who
can dominate the parties" and the
evolution of the Common Market,
which is making the country think
in nationalistic context.
Fears Chaos
Mathis does not fear a dictator-
ship, but fears chaos like that
known in the Fourth Republic if
the French do not give de Gaulle
a cooperative Assembly in the
coming parliamentary elections.
Prof. Mermier, who is "person-
ally for de Gaulle," calls tha situ-
ation in France "confused." In
travels in the French provinces
this summer he saw, as historians
have for many years, the paradox
of the Frenchmen who recognized
that a strong executive was best
for the country but who, on the
other hand, demonstrated their
individualistic spirit as they sup-
ported a multi-party system.
As to the personality of de
Gaulle, and the assertion among
democrats that he has gone far
beyond the powers prescribed to
him by the constitution, Mermier
said that "all great men take lib-
erties with the constitution and
the Parliament, and when they
deem such action necessary, we,
who have put our faith in such a
Asks To Separate
Tax Cut, Reforms
WASHINGTON (M)-Secretary
of Commerce Luther H. Hodges
suggested yesterday that the ad-
ministration's 1963 tax cut pro-
gram be divorced from tax reform
plans lest the whole package get
bogged down in Congressional
bickering. Tax reduction for cor-
porations and individuals is the
most important goal, Hodges told
a news conference.

I

DEBATE



man, should not be reproaching
him."
Prof. Mermier regards de Gaulle
as a visionary who is seeing be-
yond the present France, and as
a mystic, who holding himself
aloof from the people is in actu-
ality, not capable of being under-
stood by them.
Michel Valdigvie, a special stu-
dent in law and political science,
who is in the United States on
a Rotary Fund International
scholarship, took another point of
view, and said that he considered
it "unfortunate that a nation
whose people were among the first
to be awakened to democracy"
have voted yes in a single referen-
dum that posed two questions.
"France voted out of fear," Val-
digvie said.
He noted that the Cuban crisis
played a role, and felt that had
the Kennedy announcement of a
Russian backdown come two days
earlier, the French election results

View French Referendum Result

HENRY L.
BRETTON

VS.

GILBERT E.
BURSLEY
Republican Member of the
House of Representatives
from Ann Arbor

might have changed. The French
fear of a takeover of governmental
reins by extreme rightist forces
like the Secret Army Organization
also played an enormous role in
the French vote, Valdigvie felt,
Sees Fear
In their abstentions, Valdigvie, a
former president of the students
of the Political Science Institute
at Toulouse, saw a French fear
to even vote: "the people are living
from day to day, and are no longer
responsible. The government can
make the electorate vote as it
suggests."
Martin C. Needler of the politi-
cal science department said that
"the most discouraging aspect of
the elections is the disdain de
Gaulle showed for the Assembly."
He also noted that the present
system of election of the Parlia-
ment will work against the UNR,
de Gaullist political party.
In the next year, then, with an
anti-de Gaulle Assembly, the

French will come to the realiza-
tion that the strong-man consti-
tution like the 1946 constitution of
the Fourth Republic has its de-
fects, and that there can be stale-
mate between the executive and
the legislature even in the Fifth
Republic.
Prof. Roy Pierce of the political
science department noted that the
majority of those who voted gave
de Gaulle a victory, but for the
first time in recent history of
French referendums, that the
"majority," with abstentions, was
only a minority of the entire elec-
torate. Pierce noted that ironical-
ly enough, de Gaulle had found
fault with the constitution of the
Fourth Republic in 1946 because
it was adopted by referendum.
At this early date, and before
the parliamentary elections sched-
uled for next month, it is too
early to determine whether the
vote represented a repudiation of
the French multi-party system.

Democratic
House of
from

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Representatives
Ann Arbor

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dith's dormitory.
WASHINGTON-The army yes-
terday issued a draft call for 6,000
men in December-the highest
monthly callup since 6,500 were
summoned last June.
. * *
HONOLULU-A plane-dropped
nuclear device exploded at dawn
yesterday in the Johnston Island
area. An Atomic Energy Commis-
sion spokesman indicated it was
the biggest of the 34 tests.
NEW YORK -The New York
Stock Market continued its strong
surge yesterday. The Dow-Jones
30 industrials were up 9.63, 20
railroads up .89, 15 utilities up
1.24 and 65 stocks up .69.
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I

RAPID RETREAT:

Khrushchev: Out on Limb?

(

By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
What's going on in the Kremlin
has now become more important
to the world than what's going on
in Cuba or anywhere else.
There has been some specula-
tion that Soviet Premier Nikita S.
Khrushchev got himself out on
the last twig of a very long limb
because of pressure from more
militant segments of the Soviet
official family and of the Inter-
national Communists, such as the
Chinese.
This impression has perhaps
been created by the extent of his
rapid five-day retreat from one
position after another.
Coexistence
There have even been some
guesses that Khrushchev was
pushed into the -Cuban missile
bases by his military advisers, and
that he had to marshal all his
power for a return to coexistence.
However, since the Soviet Union
obviously was not prepared to risk

the ultimate in military results,
the evidence still seems to point
to the whole thing as a political
action, and Khrushchev still is
the Soviet political prophet.
Underestimate U.S.
It seems very likely that he act-
ed against, rather than with, the
better judgment of the pragmatic
military. It is hardly believeable
that a military man would have
endorsed such as risk for anything
except political purposes in which
a line of retreat was kept fully
open. The retreat occurred quickly
when it became certain that the
Kremlin political mind had under-
estimated the political mind and
military determination of the
United States.
Now much depends upon wheth-
er Khrushchev made the original
gambit strictly as a probing ac-
tion and in an effort to inject a
new factor into negotiations with
the United States, and whether
he withdrew only under both
American and Kremlin pressures.
Khrushchev has backed down
often at times of crisis, particular-
ly during the last four years in
the self-created quarrel over Ber-
lin, that Washington now specu-
lates thinks could be a lot worse
in international affairs with some-
one else at the helm in Russia.

Khrushchev is in trouble on
internal as will as external fronts.
He has permitted the raising of
questions about Soviet dogma,
economic practice and social con-
ditions within Russia and the rest
of the Communist sphere which
hard-nosed Communists would
never permit to be publicly raised.
He is trying to pose as a peace-
maker because he withdrew from
a war crisis which he created him-
self. His associates know better
than anyone else not to be taken
in by that.
Berlin Risk
He has kept promising the East
German puppets and his own
hard-nosers to do something about
Berlin, but he can't bring himself
to do it because of the risks.
He has tried more than any
other Communist to array the
Soviet peoples on his own political
side, but there remaihs among his
associates a vast contempt for
the people and for anyone who
caters to them, expect for the pur-
pose of keeping them ignorantly
mobilized to be used for the new
imperialism.
Khrushchev is assuredly under
great pressure to reestablish him-
self at home and throughout the
Communist sphere as an expander
of the revolution.

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