. eTr £i1iw ~i
Seventy-Third Year
.EDrrED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
g._ UNDER, AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS
"Where Opinions Are Free STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG., ANN ARBOR, MICH., PHONE NO 2-3241
Truth Will Prevail~
Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.

FRIDAY, OCTOBER 5, 1962

NIGHT EDITOR: DENISE WACKER


The Trial of Gen. Walker
On The Psychiatric Couch,

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FORMER ARMY officer Edwin A. Walker reasons, which have nothing whatsoever to do
has been ordered to undergo psychiatric ex- with the riots. Suppose he were a sexual per-
amination, presumably to determine his 'san- vert. What relation would this deviate behavior
ity. He has, therefore, been sent to the United have to do with a riot at Oxford? Nothing.
States medical center at Springfield, Missouri But if, under these circumstances, he were
for this examination which should take about judged insane before the trial then he would
60 days. not be tried for an act in which he was totally
Walker has been charged with inciting in- responsible for his actions.
surrection and seditious conspiracy. This is a
question for the courts, not the couches. The LET WALKER be tried first on the charges
order to send Walker to Springfield must be of inciting insurrection and seditious con-
based on a notion that he is possibly insane. spiracy. Let him be found guilty or not guilty
Upon what is this notion based? It is based and if not guilty let him go free. If he is found
on his actIions at the University of Mississippi guilty then examine the evidence and testi-
last Sunday night. But what if Walker were mony to see if, beyond a reasonable doubt, he
not guilty of the charges; would he still be could possibly have been insane. Then begin
sent to a psychiatrist? proceedings to have him examined.
In what manner has Walker demonstrated To send a person to be interned for 60 days
insanity? He is an army man and obeys, un- for psychiatric examination is to taint his fu-
questioningly, his superior officers and expects ture in the same way as to call him before the
the same obedience from his inferior officers House Un-American Activities Committee. In
and men. When ordered to Little Rock in 1957, one case he may be insane, in the other a Com-
Walker, apparently in opposition to personal munist. But in both cases, regardless of the
belief, carried out, the fateful orders of the outcome, the average citizen imputes insanity
President. When a commander in West Ger- or'Communism to the person subjected to the
many, he presented to his men what he be- ordeal.
lieved to be the truth. This truth is a political I disagree with the political and social views,
viewpoint expounded by the ultra right. Most of Walker, have reason to believe that he may
may disagree with the ultra right's interpreta- have led an 'insurrection against the United
tion o the world, but few would judge them, States Government, and think he may have
as members of this group, medically or legally taken undue advantage of his former army
insane. position. But I do not believe that on these
When, as a private citizen who believes in grounds Walker should be considered a candi-
segregation and in fighting integration, Walker date for the insane asylum or the special pro-
did just that, he was judged possibly not in tection which the penal codes offer to the in-
control of his faculties and was therefore sent sane. Walker should not be considered for psy-
to be examined by a psychiatrist. chiatric examination until he is proved guilty
of his charges. If he is proved innocent he may
PSYCHIATRISTS have no place at this point live down the riots, especially if he remains
in the Walker trial. If Walker is found in- in Mississippi, but he will have an extremely
sane before he is found guilty, then justice has difficult time living down the fact that a
been perverted. Suppose a court of law finds federal judge believed him to be possibly insane.
Walker not guilty. Then there would be no The society has no right to question the
cause to examine him for psychiatric reasons. sanity of an individual for a unique action
His actions at Oxford were entirely within the until he is proved guilty of transgressing the
law. Yet, because he is presently considered as law. Then and only then should society begin
possibly insane, because he may be found in- to ask whether the individual has transgressed
sane for any reason, Walker will be prejudged the rule of the couch.
and will not stand trial for his deeds alone. -HARRY PERLSTADT
And if he is found insane it may be for other Co-Magazine Editor
The Clamor


UNITED NATIONS UNIVERSITY:
International School
Would Benefit World

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SIDELINE ON SGC:
Committee Will Test
Council Decision

(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the first
of three articles on the proposed
United Nations University).
By MICHAEL ZWEIG
THE ASSOCIATION For Com-
mitment to World Responsibil-
ity (ACWR), a student-faculty
organization at the University, has
been discussing and working for
the establishment of a United
Nations University.
In the last 27 months it has
produced an articulate expression
of need for the university, its pos-
sible functions, and some analysis
of practical problems which stand
in the way of its fruition.
A major purpose of modern na-
tional education is the presenta-
tion of national culture and po-
litical heritage in such a way as to
educate supporters of that herit-
age. The very nature of modern
education is therefore conserva-
tive and is, in fact, more slow to
react to change than the culture
for which it teaches respect.
National universities, whose pri-
mary nature is conservative, and
which must to a great extent view
political and social development
only in the limited context of their
own heritage, cannot effectively
handle such disciplines from an
international, multi-cultural per-
spective.
* * *
THE INTERNATIONAL prob-
lems of peace, disarmament, eco-
nomic and social development, and
others must somehow be resolved.
Much study and research must
be done, and natural locus for
such work are the academic at-
mosphere and facilities of a uni-
versity.
But these questions cannot be
studied in a broad, international.
context at a national university-
neither in the United States nor
in the Soviet Union nor in any
other national institution.
Based on the desire to see a
university established wherein
the problems of economic and
social development can be studied
and analyzed in the broadest pos-
sible manner, ACWR suggests that
the United Nations or one ,of its
specialized agencies establish an
international university, a United
Nations University.
* * *
THE UNIVERSITY would have
three basic functions: education,
research, and service.
The curriculum of the univer-
sity would include disciplines rele-
vant to the problems of economic
and social development.
Students at the university would
be drawn from among the finest
graduate and post-graduate stu-
dents from all countries of the
world. A national representation
quota number might be establish-
ed on the basis of proportional
population, financial contribution
to the UN or to the university it-
self, or some combination of these
methods.
The faculty would be drawn
from outstanding academic figures
around the world, and might be
twofold in character. There could
be a core faculty of permanent
professors in each department,
with rotational year-long resi-
dences of visiting professors to
fill out the staff. These latter
might be drawn on their sabbatical
leaves.
Such a structure would tend to
insure at least some continuity
from year to year, yet provide suf-
ficient freshness of staff and ideas
to prevent any particular philos-
ophy or ideology from long dom-
inating any discipline.
* * *
UNESCO PRESENTLY under-
takes a great many studies rele-
vant to economic and social de-
velopment, as do other agencies
of the United Nations. The United
Nations University could well serve
as the center of much of that re-
search, drawing upon the talents
of the faculty and students to
analyze, synthesize, and present
research papers and results for

the United Nations. Of course, in-
dividual research would be en-
couraged.
Once trained in the academic

problems of social and economic
development, and once exposed to
some of the practical problems
through the research projects, stu-
dents or graduates of the univer-
sity would work for the United
Nations in the United Nations Ser-
vice Corps, already established on
a small scale.
These internationally trained
people might take their places
in international society as inter-
national mediators, members of
disarmament inspection teams or
within the Secretariat of the
United Nations. Essential to these
positions is an internationally ed-
ucated and oriented attitude. That
attitude and training can only
be developed at an international
university.
* * *
THE INTERNATIONAL char-
acter of the university is basic to
the successful operation of these
threesfunctions. Internationalism
is needed to free the channels of
academic inquiry from the re-
strictions of national outlook. It
is a necessary, if not altogether
sufficient requirement for edu-
cation free, from the cold-war.
International representation on
research projects to reduce ten-
sion and find solutions to social
conflict willserve to concentrate
the maximum number of ideas and
perspectives, facilitating an even-
tual sythesis, especially if the rep-
resentatives are academic people.
If the UN Service Corps is to
expand and function effectively, it
must be staffed with .trained
people. No national center can or
is allowed to train the bulk of the
Corps staff. That is a task for the
United Nations itself, perhaps
through a UNU.
THERE ARE many very diffi-
cult practical problems involved in
establishing a United Nations
University. The greatest one seems
to be financing the university but
such questions as "How will you
teach economics?" or "Can po-
litical scientists from the United
States and the Soviet Union really
be expected to work together in
the same department?" pose
frightening stumbling blocks.
Some problems have already
been considered in various depths
by ACWR. Others will be ,more
fully analyzed in the coming year.
A rather complete outline of
factors-of-consideration for loca-
tion of the university has been
compiled by Richard Ahern of the
University of Detroit although no
definitive suggestion has yet been
made.
Some of the factors are: poli-
tical stability of the area; trans-
portation and communication fa-
cilities servicing the area; prox-
imity to cultural centers political
neutrality of the country and na-
tive language of the area. Thrace,
India, Sweden, are a few of the
many possibilities.
* *' *
SOME PRELIMINARY outlines
have been laid for sources of fi-
nance, including national govern-
ments, international academic as-
sociations, private foundations and
contributions, international Uf
tax on space travel and communi-
cation. Still, the satisfactory solu-
tion of the financial question re-
mains high-priority on the list of
activities and research.
Some professors here and on
other campuses have contributed
'analyses and suggestions concern-
ing academic, curricular, and
structural possibilities for the uni-
versity. These are being compiled
into a fourth draft proposal for
a United Nations University.
The major work of crystalizing
specific objectives and functions of
the university has occupied ACWR
since early 1961. Those ideas are
more or less defined as described
here, although possibilities for re-
vision are always open and con-
sidered.
The tasks of answering the
many practical problems, and
establishing the university, re-
main to be done.

(Tomorrow: Prospective method
for establishing the UNU.)

di

I

41

ONE OF THE MOST reliable-of campus per-
ennials is the issue of freedom of the press.
Every academic year some college deans or uni-
versity presidents decide that a student news-
paper is injuring the school's image or other-
wise getting out of bounds, that it is exposing
the student body to dangerous ideas and there-
fore ought to be confined to the reporting of
social events and non-controversial lectures.
And every year there is an outcry from the
student body, sometimes muffled, sometimes
not, but always there, just as the concept of
freedom of the press is always lurking some-
where in those minds which understand Amer-
ica.1
First for this year is the case of the "Col-
lege Clamor," a student newspaper of Flint
Community Junior College.
E SUSPENSION of the Clamor, almost lit-
erally by dictatorial decree from FCJC Dean
Louis"Fibel and General Superintendent of City
Schools Lawrence L. Jarvie, is especially odious
because no specific charges have been made, ob-
viously because no one seems to be able to
scratch up any specific crime.
Instead, Fibel and Jarvie.have attacked the
Clamor in a series of incomprehensible generali-
ties-ranging from Jarvie's charge that the
paper had become less a newspaper than an
organ of student opinion on topics sometimes
not related to the college, to Fibel's charge of
"unfair" articles and "poor journalism."
In drawing up a policy statement to direct
further activity of the Clamor, Fibel has named
the virtues of a newspaper as truth, decency,
fair play, and has condemned bias and inflam-
matory material. Further, he has declared that
the newspaper should present an "accurate
and comprehensive image of the college" and
should show "a high moral purpose."
BUT THE FRIGHTENING question remains:
According to whom? Does "truth" exclude
opinions? Does "bias" exclude opinions? Does
"high moral purpose" exclude opinions? Who
will judge? When?
It is a fact that last year a moratorium
was placed on any student activity of a contro-
versial nature following student condemnation
of the House Un-American Activities Commit-
tee. At that time, Clamor went to press with a
Wank editorial page. It is a fact that the Clamor
has been suspended on no specific charges
whatsoever. How can those who levied the
moratorium and suspended the Clamor speak
of "high moral purpose," let alone define and
implement it?
The staff members of the Clamor, in agree-
ment with the Publications Board, have declared
that they cannot work within the framework
of Dean Fibel's nolicv statement.

Clamor staff still refuse to accept the policy,
"there will be no College Clamor."
Jarvie has noted that the function of a col-
lege paper is to provide a learning experience,
and that freedom of the press is not part of
the question. This is a plain contradiction of
terms for all questions, including that of
freedom of the press, are necessarily part of a
learning experience.
Jarvie's theory not only abolishes freedom of
the press, but also makes education a shallow
veneer over a rotten core. Instead of learning
as the ability to seek farther and farther for
an expanding truth, Jarvie sees learning as the
adoption of one point of view, henceforth un-
questioned.
Only freedom can teach responsibility. How
else are students to learn to view their actions
in a context of consequence? It is the great
virtue of youth that it will not accept the hear-
say "knowledge of life" from its, elders. Youth
knows that it can learn deeply only through its
own experience-and it is willing to accept the
risks involved.
ACOLLEGE NEWSPAPER must be free to
criticize its home institution so that youth
may develop responsibility instead of blind re-
liance on the mouthings of elders, so that youth'
may learn to think seriously its own thoughts,
not solely the pre-digested thoughts of its
elders.
The policy statement as originally proposed
by Dean Fibel is incredibly vague. Its implemen-
tation could grant almost complete freedom to
"College Clamor," but it could also be used to
impose almost complete censorship. The latter
possibility seems decidedly more likely, from
the simple fact of the suspension in the first
place.
The policy statement, combined with the sus-
pension itself, can be nothing except a most
flagrant denial of the intelligence, integrity
and learning ability of students everywhere. It
is a denial of the whole purpose of a student
newspaper if that purpose is, as Jarvie has de-
clared, one of education.
HE END of all freedom is the logical exten-
sion when pressure from individuals can
make academic freedom and freedom of the
press hollow and meaningless for others.
Jarvie and Fibel have argued that "College
Clamor" does not have the same rights as a
private newspaper because it is financed by
public funds and tuition money. But freedom of
the press is one of the basic principles of the
American public-and thus it is censorship, not
freedom, that would betray public support.
Dean Fibel said last night that he felt that
"College Clamor" could learn a great deal from
other professional and university newspapers
in the solution of its problems. He was right.

By GAIL EVANS
STUDENT Government Council
voted Wednesday to send seven
member delegates to the Advisory
Committee for the Office of Stu-
dent Affairs.
Although Council members, and
the adopted motion itself, express
important reservations as to the
effectiveness and use of the ad-
visory group, SGC has done its
share in making a positive at-
tempt to coordinate administrative
policy and student interest.
The next phase is in the hands
of Vice-President for Student Af-
fairs James A. Lewis.
Originally, Lewis had requested
five student delegates. Now, he is
faced with accepting or rejecting
a more representative group of
seven. Lewis has said that he
wanted to keep the bea rd small
and functional, but now Council
has proposed that the meetings
be open to all SGC members and
that they have the prerogative of
addressing the board at the end
of meetings.
* * *
LEWIS SHOULD incorporate
this suggestion into the planned
structure for the advisory hoard.
In no way would the presence of
additional Council members in-
hibit the discussion of student or
faculty board members and the
benefits of such an arrangement
are numerous.
It would give Council members
not on the board first hand know-
ledge of issues before the Board. It
would make available to the Vice-
President additional views, with-
out enlarging the size of the ac-
tual advisory group. Also. it would
make available substitute student
representation, if any student del-
egate failed to attend the meeting.
Basically, it would serve as a high-
level parallel to constituents' time
at SGC me tings.
Actually, it is difficult to under-
stand why the whole Council could
not sit on the advis.ry board,

since Lewis has said that the group
will be used only to feel the pulse
of student-faculty sentiment on
certain proposed policies. Since
Lewis says that no formal con-
sensus need be reached, it would
seem that the more opiinons aired,
the better. The motion adopted by
SGC provides the next best way
to achieve a well-balanced ex-
pression of student interests.
BUT THESE questions of the
technical structure of the advisory
board are subsidiary. The cloud
of doubt surrounding the use and
effectiveness of the committee is
paramount.
SGC has met OSA half-way by
agreeing to appoint delegates and
it has clearly stated the nature
of the reservations regarding ad-
visory groups. Now it is up to
Lewis to dispell these doubts and
reservations by honestly using the
board for its stated purpose and no
other.
Since Council has voted to par-
ticipate and has incorporated
withii its motion a provision that
the appointees will also act as a
study committee to evaluate the
board, it will and must keep close
scrutiny on the group's effective-
ness and use.
* * *
COUNCIL'S DELEGATES to the
advisory body will have an impor-
tant affect on its success. To be
eligible for appointment, members
must submit to the executive com-
mittee a statement with reasons
for wanting to serve on the board
and an interpretation of the func-
tion of students on the committee.
Then the executive committee--
Steven Stockmeyer, Richard G'sell,
Kenneth Miller,, and Thomas
Brown - will recommend seven
nominees.
The executive committee has
promised to nominate a balanced,
representative group. In order to
do this four delegates should be
elected Council members and three
ex-officios.

But of the 11 elective SGC mem-
bers, there are three seats vacant
and four expiring terms. That
means that seven new/ members
will be elected on Nov. 14, and of
these there may be 'three incum-
bants returning to Council
* * *
WITH AS MANY as seven seats
open, it hardly seems right to ap-
point all of the elected members
before the election. However, the
advisory board should begin to
function this month. To solve this
dilemma, the executive committee
should nominate only six people-
three elected members and three
ex-officios. The seventh seat
should be .filled after the Novem-
ber election.
With major changes in the ju-
dicial structure and other policy
changes impending, the proving-
ground for the advisory committee
is right around the corner. It
should not take long to find out
what function the group will per-
form. It should not take long for
Council to determine whether it
made the right decision to partici-
pate
Dichotomy
"There is an abundance of
capital available for expansion
and modernization, but no one
will take this venture while Dr.
Schlesinger is .advising the Presi-
dent and the world that we must
have a socialistic economy; and
while Dr. Galbraith is advising the
President that more income should
be siphoned out of business prof-
its and individual earnings and
redistributed over t h e whole
world; and the director of the
budget is advising the President
that there is no need to reduce
spending because this wealthy
nation can afford anything."
-Rep. James B. Utt (R-Calif)
in Human Events

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The Daily Bulletin is an official
publication of the University of
Michigan for which The Michigan
Daily assumes no editorial respon-
sibility. Notices should be sent in
TYPEWRITTEN form to Room 3564
Administration Building before 2
p.m. two days preceding publication.
FRIDAY, OCTOBER 5
Day Calendar
8:30 a.m.-Fifth Annual State Property
Fire Safety Seminar - Reg-
istration and all sessions:
Rackham Bldg.
10:00 a.m.-University of Mich. Devel-
opment Council Conference
-Coffee Panel, Wilbert Me-
Keachie, Merritt Chambers,
Stephen Spurr, James H.
Robertson, and John Bru-
bacher, "What Extra Effort
Will Be Required to Keep
Michigan In Forefront of
American Higher Education":
Michigan Union;
Luncheon, James B. Wallace,
"Toward a Greater School of

7:00 and 9:00 p.m.-Cinema Guild-Brod-
erick Crawford, Mercedes
McCambridge, and John Ire-
land, "All the King's Men":
Architecture Aud.
8:30 p.m.-Professional Theatre Program
-Rosemary Harris and Will
Geer, "School for Scandal":
Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre.
8:30 p.m.-Concert-Victor Borge: Hill
Aud.
General Notices
University Officials announced today
that because of a very recent change
in fee regulations a few part-time stu-
dents were charged for football tickets.
The new fee schedule provides that
all students resident on the Ann Arbor
campus on payment of reduced pro-
gram fees are entitled to admission to
certain athletic events (including foot-
ball).
Refunds will be made to these part-
time students beginning at 8:30 a.m.,
Oct. 3 at the Mich. Ticket Office. To
qualify, a student must present his ID
card, together with 'his football tick-

cards and part-time registration certifi-
cate.
Botany 101 Final Exam make-up will
be given on Thurs. evening, Oct. 11 at
7:00 p.m. in Room 2004 N.S.
Fall Semester Fees: At least 50 per
cent is due and payable on or before
Oct. 8, 1962. Non-payment by Oct. 8
will result in the assessment of a de-
linquent penalty of $5.00.
German Make-Up Examinations will
be held Wed., Oct. 10, 7-9 p.m. in Rooms
1088 and 1092 Frieze Bldg. Please reg-
ister in German Dept. Office by rues.
noon, Oct. 9.
Summary of Action Taken by Student
Government Council at Its Meeting of
October 3, 1962
Adopted: The appointment of the fol-
'lowing persons to standing committees
for terms of office to expire September
30. 1963:
LouiseGeller to the Committee on
the National Student Assoc.
Claire Walter and Mitchell Stengel to
the Committee on Student Activities.

Student Government Council notes
the prospective formation of an Ad-
visory Committee for the Office of Stu-
dent Affairs.
While the proposal is not new, it is
nonetheless surprising. The Student
Government Council plan itself desig-
nates the whole Council as "the offi-
cial representative of the University
student community in expressing opin-
ion and interest to appropriate faculty
(and) administrative . . . agencies."
The SGC Plan also assigns to Council
the following job: "To participate
through whatever means at its disposal
in the discussion of University policy
and to serve as. official liaison between
University policy-making agencies and
the University student community."
In its report to the Vice-President for
'Student Affairs of March 7, 1962. the
Senate Committee on Student Rela-
tions calls for the retention of separate
faculty and student groups to serve
in an advisory capacity.
The faculty committee state dthat
"Advisory and appellate structures
should be kept outside and independent
of the OSA" and "The relevant official
advisory groups, Student Government

men living in a ree democratic so-
ciety.' Yet the structure intended to
provide these merely asks the faculty
and students to advise ... SGC believes
that the vigor of democratic values de-
mands that its education should in-
clude self-government and should en-
courage proposing, criticizing; and
building anew where the old is inade-
quate, Any education which provides
not authority to enact but only oppor-
tunity to advise will not promote these
... Student Government Council ques-
tions the logic of placing administra-
tive officers on Boards which advise
themselves . , . SGC particularly ob-
jects to the proposed administration
membership on the Executive Coun-
"There presently exist faculty and
student organizations fully equipped
and prepared to serve the functions as-
signed to the proposed advisory boards
.Rather than increasing faculty
and student participation in policy for-
mation these proposed advisory boards
would weaken existing channels for
such participation."
Student Government Council believes
that its comments last spring are rele-
vant to ,~the resen1t nrnosal. In at-

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