THE MICHIGAN DAILY

FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER

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EDERAL COURTS:
en Legal Plight of Indigents
By GERALD STORCH Its scope is restricted to mat- At present, the committee has effectiveness," but the burden is
tof. Francis Allen of the Law ters in federal courts. three general areas of concern. such that persons in poverty or
ool is the chairman of a spe- Perhaps the most difficult prob- Pauper Lawyers near-poverty sometimes do not en-
ey lem facing the committee is the The first involves providing Joy the best legal services p-
Scommittee named by Attorneyterm "poverty" itself, Prof. Allen, counsel for indigent persons. "Al sible.
neral Robert F. Kennedy to who transferred to the University though the Supreme Court has Therefore, the professor's com-
dy methods of providing legal this year from the University of ruled that the government must mittee will study and then pro-
--- ruethttegvrmn mutneali~n~n o(mn~,aP te

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sel, bail and judicial appeal
poverty-stricken individuals.
pointed by Kennedy a year
a half ago, the Attorney Gen-
s Committee on Poverty and
Administration of Justice will
ilt recommendations for legis-
,n by the beginning of the

Chicago, said recently,
What is Poverty?
"'Poverty' is very relative and
must be defined 'in relation to
what'." In addition to those who
are totally destitute, many de,
fendants are able to maintain a
lawyer, but cannot afford further
means of defense.

provide lawyers for individuals
unable to afford them, for a quar-
ter of a century Congress has
failed to establish any systematic
method of financing such coun-
sel," Prof. Allen declared.
Usually, young lawyers volun-
teer to represent indigents. They
pursue their duties with "zeal and

pose ieglsiauunLucumiu5u
lawyers and also to provide funds
for actual preparation for trial.
To View Bail
The second area of inquiry in-
volves bail. Prof. Allen believes
that "some device is needed to
make sure a defendant appears in

E xtension
Service Sets
Six Courses
The University Extension Serv-
ice will offer six credit courses
here this fall, that may be applied
in certain cases toward under-
graduate degrees.
All courses will open next week,
with classes being held in the busi-
ness administration school.
The courses include Geology 219
(2 hrs.), History 102 (4 hrs.),
Philosophy 102 (2 hrs.), Political
Science 160 (2 hrs.), Psychology
101 (4 hrs.), and Speech 231 (2'
hrs.).
The service will also offer a
course in Estonian, but it will car-
ry no credit. Prof. Ilse Lehiste, a
native Estonian and research as-
sociate in the Communication Sci-
ence Laboratory, will handle the
16-week course, which opens 7 p.m.
Wednesday, 168 Frieze Bldg.
The architecture college will of-
fer Ann Arbor residents the op-
portunity to study painting with
members of its faculty.
Prof. Frede Vidar of the archi-
tecture college will teach "Draw-
ing and Color Sketching" at 7 p.m.
Wednesdays, beginning next week.
Prof. William A. Lewis of the
architecture college will offer "Oil
Painting" at 7 p.m. Thursdays,
and Robert J. Black of the archi-
tecture college will offer "Ceram-
ics" at 7 p.m. Wednesdays.

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The

Students vs. the Draft

Young Repub
and
Students for

Pres er

lican Club p.
Romney,
I t
id Higher Education
EPT. 15TH
LLROOM
'M.

money won't be released for trial.
"So we have a system where
wealth is the conditioning factor,
and a man may be deprived of lib-
erty before being convicted."
Thus an indigent's defense can
be adversely affected. Not only is
he in jail, but he also is almost
completely unable to work for his
own defense or to marshal evi-
dence in support of his innocence,
Prof. Allen noted.
Seek Solution
His committee will consider
ways to alleviate this situation.
The group's third mandate is
appellate review.
"The Supreme Court has liber-
alized procedures for pauper ap-
peals, but there is still room for
more work," Prof. Allen said.

WASHINGTON (UPS) - Col-
lege students, if they keep up their
grades and stay square with their
draft board, need not worry much
about having their education in-
terrupted by military service.
There will be exceptions, of
course, but most students will not
have reached the critical age be-
fore they receive their bachelor's
degree. And they can generally get
continued deferrments for ad-
vanced studies.
The age at which most men are
being drafted now is 22212-23. Very
few younger men are taken, and
the average, which has held steady
for the past four or five years, is
not likely to change unless there is
a military buildup much larger
than the one for the Berlin crisis:
Other Steps
But to stay out of the service
while going to school, there are
routine steps a student should
take. In addition to the normal
routine of keeping his draft board
notified of his status, he should
ask the registrar of his college to-
send forms to his draft board set-
ting forth his grades and other in-
formation.
These forms are on hand at all
schools, and while it is not man-
datory to use them, a student
would be wise to have them sent in
when he registers, and every se-
mester thereafter.
In addition, the selective service
offers intelligence tests periodical-
ly at many schools. Students tak-
ing these tests and doing well on

Grades can

go a long wayI

Cohen Raps Congressmen
For Not Helping Education
WibrJ' oeassatsc

toward making a draft board de-
cide to defer a student. It is not
mandatory to take grades into
consideration, but most draft
boards look to see whether a stu-
dent is attending school full time
and making normal progress.
Draft boards also take into con-
sideration national interests and
needs. Currently there is a short-
age of teachers and doctors, so
education and medical students
would generally have excellent
chances for deferrment.
Students need not be concerned
about the reservoir of draft-age

them can have a better case for
deferrment. Selective service of-
fices near the schools have infor-
mation on the tests.
Deferment Decision

Wilbur J. Cohen, assistant sec-
retary of health, education, and
welfare, Thursday assailed mem-
bers of Congress for their short-
sightedness on the needs and is-
sues of higher education.
"The situation is tragic," Cohen
said to a gathering of Detroit
Democrats. He added that if Pres-
ident John F. Kennedy's federal
aid to higher education bill does


men in their home towns. Each
state counts the number .of eli-
gible males it has, informs the
government, and then gets its
quota of the monthly draft call
based on its percentage of avail-
able men.
En Masse Draft
Thus, theoretically, every state
would scrape the bottom at the
same time, and students from one
part of the country should not be
drafted en masse sooner than they
are in another area.
If you are married, it makes no
difference to the draft board, ex-
cept, of course, in hardship cases.
Fathers are not being drafted
now. And again, unless the draft
call increases mightily, neither
fathers nor students will be
drafted.

F'

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I

R.

not pass Congress, "you can say
the future of America has been
sacrificed."
Cohen, formerly a professor in
the social work school, is current-
ly attempting to push the higher
education bill through in the clos-
ing days of this year's congres-
sional session.
He asserted that congressmen
have a "vague, ambiguous com-
mitment to education" which they
do not necessarily like backing up
with federal funds.
"And you cannot have a good
and sound program of education
unless the federal government pro-
vides aid to education," he added.
"The question of whether fed-
eral aid to education would mean
federal control is meaningless,
since tax dollars from Washington
already go for a number of edu-
cation programs," he said.
He asserted that Russian dom-
inance over the United States ob-
viously extends to education.
"We're second to the Soviet Un-
ion in space aild we're second in
education. Unless we invest a
great deal more federal money in
education, we're going to be a poor
second and maybe in 25 or 30
years we'll be a poor third," he
said.
Quadrangle
Phones Arrive
Telephone equipment has been
ordered and will be installed in
West and East Quadrangles as.
soon as it arrives and arrange-
ments can be made, Interquad-
rangle Council president Robert
Geary, '63E, said recently.
The plans were made for -indi-
vidual telephones to be installed
in both quads last spring but the
equipment has not yet come, he
said. The completion date, origin-
ally set for the middle of this se-
mester, will be pushed up hope-
fully for the end of the semester,
but may extend intoethe spring se-
mester.
West Quad phones will be put
on an enlarged switchboard in
South Quad while East will have
its own board installed.
These individ' al phones will re-
place the hall phone system cur-
rently used in -thes two housing
units.

I

GEORG
Speaking on The State ar
UNION BA
1230 PF

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IFC.

A.

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