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Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom

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VOL. LXXV, No. 80 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 5, 1964 SEVEN CENTS

EIGHT PAGES

Kowalski FIl ArrQitq,

Twenty

Men

-Associated Press
SOME OF THE BERKELEY STUDENT demonstrators arrested Thursday on the University of Cali-
fornia campus and carried off to jail were freed in bunches yesterday by posting of a $85,000 bond.
The bond was arranged by a faculty committee. Here the first group to be released from the Santa
Rita farm, the county jail east of Oakland, California, wait for transportation to the farm gates.
acul t eers ProvideBailS
Fr, ailedBerkeley Students

BERKELEY, Calif. W)-A Uni-
versity of California faculty group,
guaranteeing $85,000, bailed out
of jail yesterday all but one of
814 student and non-student dem-
onstrators arrested for a campus
sit-in over political action rules.
The bail holds until 9 a.m.
California time Monday when
Municipal Judge Ruppert Critten-
den plans to convene court for
arraignment of all of them in
the community theatre at Berke-
ley High School.'
On the campus more than 27,-
000 student pickets disrupted
classes yesterday and forced some
to be cancelled.
Pressure the 'U'
Both the demonstration-brok-
en up Thursday by police carry-
ing scores out of the administra-
tion building-and the picketing
aimed to pressure the university
into permitting recruiting and
fund-raising anywhere on campus
for such off-campus political ac-
tion. Now political action is al-
lowed in only one place on cam-
pus and is carefully regulated.
Five of the university's 2000 fac-
ulty members yesterday asked for
the removal of Edward W. Strong,
university chancellor.
"The administration has com-
pletely lost the confidence of the
students and the faculty" Prof.
Henry F. May, chairman of the
history department, said.
Urge Removal
Thursday the Bergley chapter
of the American Association of
University Professors executive
committee passed a resolution urg-
ing Strong's removal. The resolu-
tion later drew cheers when read
to 1000 faculty members but they
took no action.
Strong declined comment.
Other resolutions passed by the
AAUP included recommendations
that there be "amnesty for the
rest of the semester on disciplin-
ary measures." The professors
added that they "wanted the Re-
gents to reverse their stand on
advocacy.., that they allow com-
plete freedom of speech . . . and
that there be no regulations on
the content of speech on the cam-
pus."
The massive sit-in began Tues-:
day, when leaders of the Free*
Speech Movement, a loose coali
tion of right and left wing stu-
dent groups, jammed the adminis-
tration building.
Political Rights
The key FSM demand was that
the university drop disciplinary
action against four FSM leaders
in a campaign for full political
rights on campus.
The Berkeley Board of Regents
Nov. 20 directed that new proceed-
ings be instituted immediately
against Mario Savio, Arthur Gold-
berg and his sister, Jackie, and
Brian Turner for their part in
sit-in at Sproul Hall, the admin-
istration building, Oct. 1-2.
The four are to be summoned
before the faculty committee on
student conduct because of their
involvement in the early October
demonstration. An all-night vigil
prevented a campus police car
from taking off to jail a non-

"Rightly or wrongly, but I think
understandably, the s t u d e n ts
thought they had been tricked,"
May added.
Teaching Assistants
A campus-wide strike, starting
yesterday morning and extending
until Tuesday noon, was called
by Stephan Weissman, chairman
of a committee representing
teaching assistants and graduate
students.
FSM leaders said the strike al-
ready closed down mathematics,
history and poiltical science de-
partments but university officials
flatly denied it. A University
spokesman pointed out that there
normally is less class activity on
Friday.
In a telephone interview with
The Daily, Mark Rossman of the
Graduate Student Steering Com-
mittee, said that 75 per cent of
the teaching assistants on the
Berkeley campus are nvolved in
the strike.'
85 Per Cent Success
Rossman said that the univer-
sity's information service report-
ed that the strike was 85 per
cent successful.. The strike also
has the support of a broad range
of the faculty, Rossman said.
The strike is a joint teaching
assistant-student strike. It will
last until at least next Tuesday,
and possibly longer, depending on
the results of an Academic Sen-
ate meeting, Rossman said.,
The mass arrest of the sit-in
demonstrators at Sproul Hall was
ordered by California Gov. Ed-
mund G. Brown who said later
"we're not going to have anarchy
in the state of California while
I'm governor."
Break-Down
Last night the university an-
nounced that a check of arrest!
cards against university records
showed 814 arrests made with this
breakdown: students, 590 or 72.5
per cent; non-students, 135 or 16.6
per cent; teaching and research
aides, university employes and un-
identified persons, 89 or 10.9 per
cent.
One released demonstrator had
stitches under his chin. Another

displayed bruised fingers. Dem-
onstration leaders charged that
when they went limp at the cam-.
pus sit-in, arresting officers drag-
ged them down stairs and roughed
them up. The charge was denied
by police and sheriff captains.
His Experience.
Michael Smith, a law student at
Berkeley, was arrested in massive
police action Thursday. He gave
the following account of his ex-
perience to The Daily by telephone
last night.
"I was carried into an elevator,
I saw a cop kicking a student who
was limp on the floor. I stood up
and didn't attempt to go limp.
"The police grabbed my hair
and bent my head. Then they
bent my arms behind my back
and one started working on my
knuckles. I was not resisting. One
grabbed mythroat, not so as to
choke me, but to cause further
pain.
Dragged Them
"I later saw several girls hit
and slugged. Some students were
kicked as the police dragged them
along. Some others, including one
girl, were thrown down a flight
of stairs.
"One policeman said to me, 'You
came to the university to learn,
and I'll teach you something you'll
never forget.' I was carried out to
the bus, where I got on myself.
"There was a cop there, who
pidked some limp students up
and threw them into the bus.
Several students hit poles in the
bus. At the prison farm, we were
given a sandwich, but that night
were were told that it was too
bad, but we overtaxed the facili-
ties and wouldn't get anything tol
eat.
No Badges
"During the demonstration we
were told to look for the police
badges. Three of the men in the
elevator had no badges or other
identification."
The Board of Regents last Nov.
20 fully backed new regulations
drafted by Strong and Dr. Clark
Kerr, university system president.

Named as
Speaker
LANSING ()-Rep. Joseph Ko-
walski (D-Detroit) has been nam-
ed speaker of the state House of
Representatives-the first Demo-
crat to hold the post in 25 years.
Kowalski, an attorney and in-
ternational representative for the
United Auto Workers, was elect-
ed in a four-hour closed-door cau-
cus of 71 of the 72 Democratic
representatives to be seated Jan
13. Walter Hyso of Hamtramck
was ill.
Seven others were elected to
leadership posts in balloting that
apparently went smoothly despite
overtones of friction before the
caucus convened.
Speaker Pro-Tem
Albert Horrigan of Flint, assist-'
ant to Kowalski in his present
position of minority floor leader,
was named speaker pro-tem. Dom-
inic Jacobetti of Negaunee was
named associate speaker pro-tem,
a new post.
Robert Traxler of Bay City, a
sophomore in the House, was elect-
ed majority floor leader. Associ-
ate and assistant floor leaders
named were Harry Thorne of
Dearborn Heights and F. Charles
Raap of Muskegon. Raap returns
to the Legislature after a four-
year absence.
William Ryan of Detroit was
named caucus chairman and Ar-
thur Law of Pontiac was named as
his associate.
Beats Three
Kowalski beat out three other
candidates for the speakership.
They were Jacobetti, George
Montgomery of Detroit and Law.
The only note of dissension was
from E. D. O'Brien of Detroit,
candidate for the floor leader's
post. Although he said he was
"not disturbed at losing," he add-
ed, "it was obvious some pre-
planning was done for team lead-
ership; I've never been part of
the team."
Kowalski denied there was a
'Dirty Shirt'
Gets Fired
The infamous Gomberg Dirty
Shirt was apparently incinerat-
ed yesterday by one of South
Quadrangle's janitors. Students
reported that the shirt which
the night before was "baked"
in an oven with Limburger
cheese and a number of strong
steak sauces, was traced to the
incinerator by its smell.
Steven Zdon, '68E, the last
one to wear the shirt and the
one who baked it, reportedly
said that he would wear it if
everyone else dropped out. The
rules of the contest require that
the last person in the contest
wear the shirt twice to prevent
such self-contamination.
Says Michael Smith, '66, the
originator of the contest, and
the first to drop out, "With 40
students left, we'll buy another
shirt and continue."
pre-planned slate. "This was as
free an election as I've seen in a
caucus," he said. Every office was
contested.
It was a good caucus, with no
animosity, Kowalski added. The
group is getting ready to work
for two years and is "in for a
fight." Asked with whom, he an-
swered:
"Nobody."

I.m, -A mL-A -M -I i- N.-/k- wk.,/

CiilRights
Leaders Hail
FBI Arrests
NEW YORK ()P) - The Federal
Bureau of Investigation's arrest
of 20 men in three Mississippi'
slayings drew praise yesterday
from civil rights leaders.
The Rev. Martin Luther King,
whom FBI Director J. Edgar Hoo-
ver recently called a "notorious
liar," said:
"I must commend the Federal
Bureau of Investigation for the
work they have done in uncov-
ering the perpetrators of this das-
tardly deed."
Whitney M. Young Jr., execu-
tive director of the National Ur-
bar. League, commented: "The
agency and all of its officials who
worked to bring the accused to
the bar of justice deserve the con-
gratulations of the entire nation."
Dr. King said, however, that
"honesty and realism compel me
to admit that it will be very dif-
ficult to get a conviction."
Long, Painstaking
James Farmer, national director
of the Congress of Racial Equal-
ity, said the long and "painstak-
ing" investigation has at last pro-
duced results.
"I will not prejudge the case,"
Farmer declared, "but I under-
stand the evidence against the
accused is very substantial."
T.v.. 1-n.i irm h + fl1P ff Y d

-Associated Press

For Civil Rights Murders

NESHOBA COUNTY SHERIFF LAWRENCE RAINEY, right, is
shown with an FBI agent as he was taken into custody 'in
Philadelphia, Mississippi, yesterday morning. Rainey is being
held by authorities in connection with the murder of three civil
rights workers last summer.
FEDERAL ACT:
State Receives Funds
BFor Higher Education
By DAVID BLOCK

I

Emphasizing that the d ien-
ants should have a fair trial, The state has been allocated
Farmer added: for the construction of higher e
"The guilty must be convicted of the national Higher Education
for the sake of justice, not yen-
geance. In one sense the trial This grant, announced Thursd,
system will be itself on trial." gan's Democratic Senators Philip A
Dr. King talked with newsmen is the first of five yearly allocat
on the eve of his departure for Each of the grants will total-
Norway to receive the Nobel Peace about $10 million.
Award. Title I of the federal Higher
Past Confusion Education Act provides funds ex-
He refused to be drawn into a clusively for undergraduate edu-
discussion of his past dispute with cation facilities. The funds will
Hoover, saying "I am concerned be made available to private and
about ending the past confusion junior colleges in addition to the
and moving ahead." large four-year public universities.
The FBI director called him a Receive Funds
liar after Dr. King criticized FBI
handling of civil rights cases in The federal grant is made to
the South. the state rather than to individual
Roy Wilkins, executive director institutions. It is then up to the,
of the National Association for State Higher Education Facilities
the Advancement of Colored Peo- Commission to determine what
ple, said the arrests give Missis- school projects will receive the,
sippi "another chance to make a funds. Colleges and universities in,
new kind of history" in the ad- the state have until a Dec. 31
ministration of justice. deadline to submit applications
Justify Indictment for the federal funds.
"We may be sure that the evi- The national grant does not so
dence is of a kind which, in any much benefit the individual in-
normal jurisdiction, would justify stitutions as it does the entire
indictment by a grand jury," higher education welfare of the
Wilkins said in a statement issued state. The federal funds basically
here. serve to swell the amount of
"Mississippi, however, is not a money available in Michigan for
normal jurisdiction as far as the higher education.
lives and rights of Negroes are Schools applying for funds must
concerned. The record to date list specific undergraduate edu-
shows that white people can kill cation projects which need finan-
Negroes without fear of punish- cial support. These projects must
ment in a judicial process. come directly from the capital
He said that "the FBI has done outlay requests which each state
its job . . . it is up to Mississippi supported school has submitted
to do the rest." to, the state education commission.
In Washington, Mrs. Rita These requests are priority lists
Schwerner, widow of Michael of educational projects for which
Schwerner, one of the three vic- the individual schools are seeking
tims slain near Philadelphia, funds.
Miss., said she didn't expect any
convictions. The University will turn in an
application to the state con'imis-
sion requesting federal funds for
the proposed literary college class-
room building to be constructed
in o behind Hill Aud., according to
John McKevitt, assistant to the
vice-president for business and
ing maintains, is no less im- finance.
dy the catalogue and plot the If a school is granted a certain
amount of federal money by the
Benefits state commission under the Title
dents must either accept their I allocation it means thatsthe
prepratin, o notreapthe state will have freed that same
reparation, or not reap the amount in state higher education
g offers." funds to be used elsewhere on
courses, Manning believes "as other projects.
uld be invested with the stu- Howard J. Stoddard, chairman
o develop a critical and ques- of the state commission, said no
rovided with basic criteria, so decisions have yet been made on
" the release of any of the money
k of knowledge about concen- but that guidelines have been set
kong frknede antning n-ys, in line with the federal act, in-
iong freshmen, Manning says, dicating that the funds would go
since they do not yet know to approved undergraduate higher
elor must begin by answering education projects.
'Why choose English?' for Many Schools
Of the total, approximately $2.2
quences million is being set aside for
plication for freshmen if they junior colleges. About $8 million
,,t riari~ . in m- - n- -l o aicrn ar nr fn,-~

d $10.2 million in federal funds
ducation facilities under Title I
Facilities Act.
day through the offices of Michi-
A. Hart and Patrick V. McNamara,
ions to the state under the act.
U.S. Teachers-
Overseas Told,
Not To Strike
The Defense Department has
warned that it would dismiss any
strikers among the teachers in
overseas schools for dependents
of United States employes.
The warning came after some
overseas teachers seeking pay in-
creases scheduled a one day stop-
page next Wednesday.
Norman S. Paul, assistant sec-
retary of defense for manpower,
outlined the Pentagon's views in
a memorandum.
The Pentagon told military com-
manders and other officials that
such teachers would also be sub-
ject to prosecution by the Justice
Department.
A Big Fine;
It noted that striking or fo-
menting strikes against the gov-
ernment is punishable by a fine
np to $1000 and imprisonment up
to a year and a day.
Teachers in the overseas schools,
like all federal employes, sign
affidavits' that they do not in-
tend to strike or claim the right
to strike against the federal gov-
ernment, Paul pointed out. He
,insisted that the threatened stop-
page constituted a strike under
federal law.
No Details
A Pentagon spokesman said
negotiations had been undertaken
to avoid a stoppage, but he gave
no details.
The Defense Department main-
tains 291 schools in 28 countries
abroad for about 150,000 children
of military personnel and other
government employes. Most of the
schools are in Europe.
Many of the 5800 overseas
teachers, organized under the
Overseas Education Association,
have been campaigning for high-
er salaries and recently appealed
to President Lyndon B. Johnson
for support.
Lost Lawsuit
Last month the association lost
a lawsuit for higher salaries in
Federal District Court in Wash-
ington. The suit had maintained
that Secretary of Defense Robert
S. McNamara was obligated by law
to raise their salaries.
First-year teachers abroad with
BA degrees and two years' exper-
ience earn $4,535 a year, about

Hold County
Officials for
Conspiracy
Report All Had Some
Connection with Local
Ku Klux Klan Group
MERIDIAN, Miss. (I)-The two
top law officers of Neshoba County
and a preacher ,were among 20
men swept up yesterday in mass
Federal Bureau of Investigation
arrests in three civil rights mur-
ders.
The FBI said most of the 20
men belong to or sympathize with
the Ku Klux Klan. A 21St man
was sought.
The arrests, most of them on
federal conspiracy charges, were
in connection with the killing of
three civil rights workers, two of
them white New Yorkers, at Phila-
delphia, Miss., last June.
The Preacher
Those arrested included Sheriff
Lawrence Rainey, Chief Deputy
Cecil Price, or adjoining rural
Neshoba County, and Edgar
(Preacher) Killen, a Fundamen-
talist minister.
The FBI struck swiftly, arrest-
ing 18 men in this east-central
Mississippi area, another in Gulf-
port on the Mississippi coast and
another at Shreveport, La.
Hearing Set
Bonds were set at $5,000 each
and a preliminary hearing was
tentatively set for next Thursday.
The arrests came swiftly and
almost silently. FBI agents waited
for Rainey and Price to reach the
county courthouse from an out-
of-town call.
A quiet but tense crowd of some
100 persons formed outside the
courthouse. They watched as four
FBI agents drove off with Price
and Rainey.
Got Angry
After the FBI agents departed
with the sheriff and his deputy,
the crowd got angry with newsmen
and photographers. One bystander
pulled a knife and threatened a
photographer.
The arrested men were rushed
to the naval air station north of
here for intensive questioning,
fingerprinting and photographing.
All 21 men were accused in the
slaying of Michael Schwerner, and
Andrew Goodman and James
Chaney, a Meridan Negro.
Find Bodies
The three youths disappeared
June 21 after driving from Meri-
dan to Philadelphia to investigate
the burning of a rural Negro
church. Their bodies were found
Aug. 4 buried beneath a new
earthen dam near Philadelphia.
All three had been shot and
Chaney had been beaten viciously.
Nineteen of those arrested, in-
cluding both Rainey and Price
were charged with conspiring to
injure, threaten and intimidate
the three youths in violation of
their rights guaranteed by the
federal constitution.
'Judge To Talk
At Graduation

Counseling Offers Seminars

By BRUCE BIGELOW
"Our real purpose in counseling," Administrative Assistant
John J. Manning Jr. of the Junior-Senior Counseling Office
explains, "is to offer the student an opportunity for an educa-
tional experience."
Manning emphasizes that each time a student enters a
counseling office, he faces a specialized classroom situation, in
which only a teacher and he are involved.
"The situation is analogous to the ideal seminar," Manning
says. "It offers the lowest possible counselor-student ratio, and
an opportunity for the student to discourse on a direct one-to-
one basis with a representative of the literary college."
'Seminars in You'
Counseling sessions, then, according to Manning, become
"seminars in you," opportunities for both intimacy and "dis-
cussion of the relevance of educational values to the particular
problems of the student."
Within this framework of specialization, Manning stresses
the importance of preparation and initiative in developing a
successful exchange.

Student responsibility, Mann
portant. "Students must both stu
alternatives."
Reap the B
Manning points out that "stu
part of the responsibility for p
potential benefits which counselin,
Regarding "free choice" oft
much free choice as possible sho
dent. He should be encouraged ti
tioning mind. But he must be pi
as to broaden his scope of choice.'
Pointing out the inherent lac
tration programs, particularly an
"They demand special treatment
what the criteria are. The couns
the basic questions of choice:
example."
Finish Sec
Manning sees a further coma

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THURGOOD MARSHALL, Unit-
ed States Court of Appeals
judge and nationally known Ne-
gro advocate, will be the speak-
er at the University's mid-
year commencement. The event
is scheduled for 2 p.m. Dec. 19