Katona Cites Economic Views

By ROBERT JOHNSTON
Revision and reconsideration o
many traditional economic theor
ies is called for in "The Mas
Consumption Society," a new boo]
by Prof. George Katona of the
Survey Research Center.
Katona maintains that the mas
consumption society is a "uniqu
phenomenon in human history" b3
virtue of three major features:
-"Not a few individuals, - bu
the majority of families are able
through their affluence to replac
P
f, 4
Sto Eai s
took over as Prime Minister to-
day, retained the old cabinet and
pledged his government to take
the rad of cooperation with the
West. He said Japan would seek
to play a key role in the stabili-
zation of Asia.
In a statemient to the nation
after being sworn in at the palace
of Emperor Hirohito, Sato de-
clared:
"With a rise in Japan's inter-
national ,position, the attitude of
our country is having a great ef-
fect on world politics.
Therefore, the future role of
Japan is to cooperate with high-
ly developed Western nations for
the realization of world welfare
and particularly to make the ut-
Inost efforts for the stabilization
of public welfare in Asia."
Economist
Considered a conservative econ-
omist, he promised to settle the
economic problems of Japan. Sa-
to, 63, was a critic of the eco-
nomic policies of his predecessor,
the ailing Hayato Ikeda. He ex-
pressed belief that Ikeda's drive
to double national Income in 10
years was too high-powered an
harmful to the economy. u
The Sato cabinet, which carries
over the members of Ikeda's cabi-
net except for two minor posts,
was selected by the new prime
minister within hours after his
election by the Diet (Parliament).
Younger Brother .
In the minor change n the
cabinet lineup, Tomisaburo Hash-
imoto, former chairman of the
uling Liberal-Democratic Party's
Public Relations Committee, re-
placed Zenko Suzuki as Chief
Cabinet Secretary, and Masami
Takasuji was named Chief of the
Cabinet Legislative Bureau re-
placing Shuzo Hayashi.
Sato is the former Finance Min-
ister and younger brother of for-
er Prime Minister Nobusuke
Kishi'.

and enlarge their stock of con-
f sumer goods";
Fluctuations and Growth
s -Economic fluctuations and
k economic growth "now depend to
e a. large extent on the consumer";
and
-"In our economy, consumer
demand is no longer a function of
y money alone but is influenced and
sometimes determined by consum-
ers' willingness to buy," which
e necessitates a study of "consumer
e psychology."
"Economic growth is notnassur-
ed by the availability of natural
resources or of capital or even
the prevalence of entrepreneurial
dispositions. Sociocultural norms
and personality traits that are
conducive to risk taking and pro-
fit making are of importance, but
in a mass consumption society
consumer aspirations represent an
additional important determinant
of economic growth.
'Triggers Hard Work'
"Rising incomes are the motor
that triggers hard work, the striv-
ing for advancement, and the de-
sire for more of the good things
of life. What is needed is the con-
fident expectation of rising in-
comes as well as of reasonably
stable prices.
"Government policy for the well-
being of the people must go be-
yond the economic area into the
areas of physical and mental
health, education and social wel-
fare. However, all these other
areas of concern can best be pro-
vided for if the economy is sound-
ly based on a large, optimistic
mass of consumers constantly
seeking to improve their way of
life."
Katona, however, does not see
business as strictly dependent on
consumer influence. What is im-
portant, he says, is the interplay
of psychological and economic
forces between consumers andf
businessmen and between con-i
sumers and the American econ-
omy. It is these forces that "The
Mass Consumption Society" ex-
plores, drawing upon the extensive
studies of the Survey ResearchI
Center.k
Insights Citedt
Several important insights gain-t
ed from these studies are cited:k
"The recognition that in our pres-t
ent American society consumer in-e
vestment is an economic factor toz
be considered side by side with
government and business invest-
ment, and the introduction into
the economic picture of the con-
cept of the consumers' willingness
to buy."
This is a considerable departure
from economic theories that have
disregarded investment by con-
sumers, considering only their
consumption, and further failed
to take psychological factors ons
the part of consumers and busi-!
nessmen into account.
Consumer psychology, then, has
come into its own as a field of r
study directly related to the func-
tioning of the American economy.
Consumption as a variable de-
pendent solely on income wasd
found to be a deficient explana-t
tion. "The consumer is frequentlyL
in a position to do something
about his income, and the majorF

Yi e

Sir iauP

~~Iait

Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXV, No. 62 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 1964 EIGHT PAGES
* 00 0 0
Hig CortCuba Has Antiaircraft Rockets
Reaffirms
JuryRuling Capable of Downin -2Planes

PROF. GEORGE KATONA

factor that detemines his action
is represented by his perceived
needs."
'Motivational Patterns'
Proceeding from his studies of
consumers to those connected with
the businessman, Katona says that
the real "motivational pattern"
for business investment, a major
segment of the economy, "is great-
ly different from the pattern ac-
cording to which it is considered
legitimate business policy to
charge whatever the market can
bear."
In fact, Katona says that the
mixture of social and profit busi-
ness motivations is such that it is
business investment which has
been largely responsible for many
infamous fluctuations in the busi-
ness cycle. It is the consumers, he
says, who exert stabilizing in-
fluences on the economy. Far from
being "an unruly rabble on which
order must be imposed from the
outside, a variety of powerful fea-
tures were found to be inherent
in consumer thinking which coun-
teract excesses and exert a stabil-
izing influence on the economy."
As Katona points out, the goal1
he is striving for has not yetj
been reached. A full-fledged1
theory of the sensible and dis-
criminating consumer and of the
behavioral dynamics which govern
the arousal or changed attitudes,
expectations and aspirations hasj
not yet emerged."1
Probe LSAf
Expansion
By SHIRLEY ROSICKt

i
J
!f
4 f
1
1
i
i
ki
f
E
r
7
t
t
f
r

WASHINGTON OP)-The Su-'
preme Court put into effect yes-
terday a justice's statement of
14 years ago that juries must be
selected without any regar d to
color-Negroes cannot be inten-
tionly included or excluded.
The tribunal did so in refusing
to hear an appeal from a lower
federal court ruling that Louisiana
violated the rights of Woodman
J. Collins, a Negro. The grand
jury that indicted Collins for rap-
ing a white woman was selected:
from a panel of 20 with sixf
Negroes purposely included.
In a relatively light day of de-
cisions the court agreed to rule
on the constitutionality of the
federal law which bars Commun-
ists from serving as officials of=
labor unions.
Note Refusal
The justices noted also their
refusal to rush a decision on thef
most important case heard so fari
this term-the one testing the
new civil rights law's public ac-
commodations section.
Moreton Rolleston Jr., operator
of and attorney for the Heart of
Atlanta Motel, had asked for a:
ruling before last week's elections.
The justice department and Jus-
tice Hugo L. Black also had called
for speedy action, but the court
took until yesterday to give it's
"no" answer.r
The tribunal, which has often
made clear its belief that Negroes
cannot be systematically excluded
from juries, made no comment in
refusing unanimously to hear.
Louisiana's appeal from a ruling<
that Negroes may not be purpose-
fully included.
Let Ruling Stand
This let stand a ruling by the
U.S. Circuit Court in New Orleans
which relied in large part on a
comment in a 1950 decision by
Justice Stanley F. Reed, now re-
tired. In that decision barring ex-
clusion of Negroes from juries, he}
said:
"An accused is entitled to have,
charges against him considered by
a jury in the selection of which
there has beenneither inclusion '
nor exclusion because of race.
Yesterday's decision leaves the
way open for Louisiana to impanel
another grand jury and retry Col-
lins, who remains in the state
penitentiary at Angolda.
Louisiana Atty. Gen. Jack Gre-
million asked the high court: How
could a constitutional jury be
formed if members of various
races are not intentionally in-
cluded in the list from which
members of various races are not JO
ntentionally included in the list-
from which jurors are to be drawn
by lot?
The U.S. Circuit Court, in dis-

By PHYLLIS KOCH

Regent Carl Brablec of Rose-
ville sets no limit on the growth
of the University. "I have no
fear whatsoever of University'
size," Brablec said.
"It would be provincial to
think that student enrollment
should be some limited figure,"
he continued. "There could be
a geographical limit, but we're
fortunate in having vast hold-
ings of land."
Brablec presented this view
in an interview regarding the
role of the Regents in Univer-
sity affairs.
Student enrollment this year
is 29,103 and will be up 1800
next year, but Brablec thinks
that even "50,000 is not an as-
tronomical figure."
"A University of such dimen-
sions must be viewed differently
though," he added. "Adequate
housing and faculty must be
provided and the student must
still be identified with smaller
units."
Brablec upheld the merits of
a large educational center like
the University. "We can't set
up another one in the state
which provides the opportuni-
ties it does," he observed. The
major challenge to such a uni-
versity is to maintain "little-
ness within the bigness." "The
student must feel an identity
within this larger structure,"
he said.
Brablec also defends strongly
the right of the out-of-state
student to be here. "The stu-
dent body is better when a
cross-section of students is ad-
mitted," he said. He feels that
the in - state --out - state ratio
should be maintained to a de-
gree where "student co-mingl-
ing with varied cultural and
regional experiences can exist."
But Brablec feels however
that the Michigan taxpayer is
being over-taxed for non-resi-
dents. "We must recognize that
the Michigan taxpayer should
be protected and these factors
should be kept within due
bounds."

He hopes for no more tuition
raises, though "we must retain
good faculty and facilities and
therefore we need money. It is
indispensable that we coitin-
ually improve the image of the
University with Universty fi-
nances," he added.
In opposing a tuition hike,
Brablec concurs with Regent
William Cudlip of Detroit who
noted in an interview last week
that he did not want to see any
further raise in tuition.
Concerning the role of stu-
dent government in University
life, Brablec feels that students
should have "all the responsi-
bility and latitude here which
they can manage purposefully."
However, he continued, student
interest cannot be forced.
"There will always be apathy in
student government as there is
in larger national government,"
he noted.
In regard to his role as a
Regent, Brablec said "the usual
hackneyed but truthful view is
that of developing policy." The
Regents are "constant recipi-
ents of unique information
from all through the state,"
he noted. The people of Mich-
igan have direct access to the
Regents who interpret Univer-
sity policy to the general pub-
lic, he said.
His concern for the Regents'
responsibility of d e v e 1 o p i n g
policy echoes Regent Cudlip's
view of the Regent as a "policy-
maker." Both Regents are deep-
ly concerned with their respon-
sibility in the public domain to
the people of Michigan who
elected them.
Brablec further sees his role
in a legislative and judicial ca-
pacity. "We must continually
apply our judgment-to alterna-
tive policies presented to us,"
he noted.
A Regent since 1957, he said
"it takes quite a bit of service
to realize the workings of the
University." The Regent never
gets to know as many people as
he would like to, he said.
Brablec became a Regent pri-
marily because he "wanted to
associate more closely with the
University community." But be-

Brablec Sees U' Expansion

REGENT BRABLEC
ing a "hand-shaker" is not his
mission; "others have that
function," he said.
Brablec sees the appointment
of the University President as
"the most important assign-
iment that the Regents per-
form." The Regents will be
considering the appointment of
a new President in the next
few years, since University
President Harlan Hatcher will
take retirement furlow in 1967.
Brablec cited these qualities
as the most important consid-
erations: "a good administrator,
a scholarly leader and one who
has the capacity to inspire."
The Regents will consider those
within the University as well
as without, he said.
Democratic Regent Brablec
has been superintendent of
schools in Roseville since 1947.
He is also president of the met-
ropolitan region of the Mich-
igan Association of School Ad-
ministrators and a member of
state educational commissions
appointed by former Govs.
Frank Murphy and G. Mennen
Williams.
A University . graduate, he
also attended Eastern Michigan
University and Michigan State
University. He is married and
a past Rotary president.

S udents of the literary college;
steering committee last night ex-
pressed the feeling that the Uni-
versity must radically alter teach-
ing methods if it intends to ex-a
pand according to present pre-t
dictions.r
The use of television and the in-
stitution of a tutorial system werea
discussed as possible alternativesl
to the present lecture, recitation,
laboratory set-up.
Committee members reasonedr
that the only way to educate in-c
creasing numbers 'of students un-f
der present methods would be tor
hire more faculty. They concludedc
that such a move would presentr
a definite problem, since it is dif-
icult to acquire qualified stafff
members even under present en-b
rollment conditions.

Soviets Hold
'Final Word'
On Their Use
WASHINGTON (M)-The Castro
government of Cuba now has
anti-aircraft rockets capable of
shooting down United States U-2
reconnaissance planes but evident-
ly is restrained from using them
by an agreement with Russia, U.S.
officials said yesterday.
Officials said that to the best of
their knowledge control of sur-
face-to-air missile sites installed
by the Soviet Union in 1962 ac-
tually passed to Castro's mili-
tary forces several months ago.
Fidel Castro said Cuba was pre-
pared to shoot down United States
U-2 reconnaissance planes unless
some legal means could be found
to end the surveillance flights.
Soviet military advisors in Cuba
were known to have been train-
ing Cuban officers and men to
operate the very modern anti-air-
craft missile installation for a
year or more and the trained men
were progressively moved into the
base operations.
Soviet Forces
Meanwhile the Soviet military
force in Cuba, estimated by U.S.
officials to have numbered more
than 22,000 troops at the time of
the nuclear missile crisis in Oc-
tober 1962, has been rather stead-
ily reduced.
State department press officer
Robert J. McCloskey told a news
conference yeesterday that, "cur-
rent information from all sources
indicates that no more than a few
thousand Soviet military advisers
and technicians remain there."
McClosley said he could not
give a precise number nor define
a "few thousand." He reported the
Soviets are scattered around Cuba
at various points and "do not con-
stitute a military force," even
though military men can always
be used in combaat if necessary.
State Department officials said
they would stand on McCloskey's
statement of a few thousand So-
viets still in Cuba.
However, it was learned that
the figure now commonly used in
informed Washington quarters is
about 2,500 officers and men. It
was learned also that there have
been no substantial withdrawals
of Soviet personnel since last
June. This indicates a levelling of
the Soviet force as an advisory
mission at about 2,500.
Castro Interview
Renewed interest in the Cuban
situation developed as a result of
a Castro interview published Sun-
day by the New York Times. In
the interview Castro asserted his
armed forces control the surface-
to-air missiles (SAMS) which the
Soviet military installed at 24
bases as part of the nuclear mis-
sile buildup in Cuba in the sum-
mer of 1962.
McCloskey said the statements
made by Castro in the interview
"are consistent with our infor-
mation." He said that he was not
able to spell out the degree of
control which the Cubans physic-
ally have over the SAMS. There
might be some Soviet personnel in
key positions as SAM sites or at
the command center for the
system.
Officials said also that a Cas-
tro statement that he was com-
mitted by agreement with the
Soviets to try to end the U-2
flights by a peaceful means in-
stead of shooting at the planes
also seems reasonable. They
pointed out that the Soviet Un-

Viets Bombard
own Soldiers
SAIGON (R ) - South Vietna-
mese mortar fire, attempting to
bomb a suspected Viet Cong en-
campment, yesterday landed in-
stead on a South Vietnamese
patrol which was aided by the
United States. It killed three offi-
cers, including a U.S. Army cap-
tain.
trh ,nainun t~h 9.9 It

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h
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)HNSON HAS KIND WORDS:
Senators Urge End of GOP Strife

I

Ikeda resigned because of '-ie captain wasne s
American to die in combat in Viet
health reasons after four years Nam over the last three years.
in office. He is undergoing treat- Reliable sources said the 60-
ment at the national cancer cen- Rman patrol caled for the mortar
ter. for a throat tumor. fire after laying in ambush for
Same Policies Communist guerrillas near Duc
Sato is expected to carry over Hoa, about 18 miles northwest of
most of Ikeda's policies domestic- Saigon. At least one round of the
ally and abroad, but he is con- misdirected barrage fell on the
sidered by political observers more patrol.
strongly anti-communist than his The political pot still boiled in
predecessor and consequently will Saigon. Former political prisoners
be more tough in dealing with of the defunct Ngo Dinh regime
Cimmunist nations. circulated a petition demanding
Although Japan's foreign policy that the new civilian government,
is based on a strong alliance with formed only last Wednesday, step
Washington, Communist Chinia's down. They called for retirement
recent explosion of a nuclear de- of Chief of State Phan Khac Suu
vice has led to new pressures for and Premier Tran Van Huong to
a re-examination of relations make way for younger, more
with Peking. active men.

The committee agreed with agreeing, said the conscious tak-
their advisor, Dean James H. Rob- ing into account of race or color
ertson of the literary college, who as the basis for jury selection
said the group should be more would have "an opposite and
concerned with investigating the somewhat paradoxical effect" of
"really live issues that stem from denying a defendant equal pro-
a steadily increasing enrollment." tection. It said Negroes on the jury
Some committee members argu- might be too conscious of this as-
ed the idea that the use of tele- pect to properly vote for acquittal
vision for large lectures would of a member of their race.
free many faculty members who A hearing on the law barring
could then be utilized to lead Communists from serving as labor
smaller discussion groups. union officials was brought to the
In some instances, lectures high court by the justice depart-
might be taped for use from year ment. The department appealed
to year. One committee member from a decision by the U.S. Cir-
even envisioned nationwide trans- cuit Court in San Francisco that
mission of lectures. the law is an invalid restraint on
The committee also discussed constitutional freedom of associa-
instituting a tutorial system, in tion.
which students would pursue in- That decision overturned a con-
dividual study under sponsorship viction of Archie Brown who was
of faculty members. Independent sentenced to six months in jail on
reading and research papers, a charge of serving as a member
along with personal discussions of the executive board of San
with professors would replace the Francisco local 10 of the Inter-
traditional, highly organized struc- national Longshoremen's a n d
ture of lectures and class discus- Warehousemen's Union while a
sions. member of the Communist Party.

WASHINGTON OP)-Three Re- ference he thinks it premature to
publican senators urged yesterday discuss the future of Republican
a cease-fire in the intraparty ver- Chairman Dean Burch.
bal warfare being waged by some An Associated Press survey of
party leaders in the wake of lastI state GOP leaders turned up quite
week's election defeat. a few who think Burch-and the
man who chose him, Sen. Barry
"It's time for some soul-search- Goldwater of Arizona-should re-
ing and calm, collective thought linquish leadership of the Repub-
about the party's future," said lican Party. Goldwater, as presi-
Sen. J. Caleb Boggs (R-Del) . dential nominee, carried only six
Echoing him in separate inter- states.
views were Sen. Bourke Hicken- But Boggs came to Burch's de-
looper (R-Iowa) and Jack Miller fense yesterday, calling him "an
(R-Iowa). able and fine person who did a
Meanwhile, President Lyndon dedicated job." As for replacing
B. Johnson had some kind words him, Boggs said he though Burch
for the Republican members of would want to do "what is best
his cabinet, and predicted that for the party . . .once he is as-
a GOP "on a constructive course" sured it is the collective judg-
will play a major role in national ment of the party."
life. Cooling-Off Period
Premature Hickenlooper and Miller sug-
And in another development, gested a cooling-off period before
Michigan's Gov. George Romney any reorganization effort is made.
-who survived the Democratic "We're not going to improve our
landslide for Johnson to win a situation by cutting each other
second term-told a news con- up," Miller said.
Boggs said it might be a good
idea for Republicans to hold a
charter conference similar to one
held at Mackinac Island, Mich.,
f "T f during the war.

Press predicted a bigger role in{
the party for former Vice-Presi-
dent Richard M. Nixon, the presi-
dential nominee in 1960.
Asked last week if he would be
willing to be GOP national chair-
man, Nixon said he would not
seek the job and would not en-
courage anyone to push him for it.

ASSEMBLY, LEAGUE, PANHEL:
Housing Panels Consider Fun

PRIME MINISTER WILSON
T 71 "_ T1 7

,r 4 . C y *

! I --

- - -t, -.- - - .

By LAUREN BAHR and CAROL HASKILL
A housing unit should serve an educational function as well
as providing a place to eat, sleep and study was the general con-
clusion reached by the three housing panels held last Sunday.
Assembly Association, The League and Panhellenic Association
co-sponsored the forums to discuss the various types of housing
that are available to women at the University.
The attendance at all three forums was rather small and con-
sisted predominantly or sorority girls although the forum was
directed primarily at girls living in residence halls who must make
n. h ,,,ho+ b-mA rk f h ina h ixish for next var.


Massachusetts Atty. Gen. Ed- = kekd'min's policy has been to try to.
keep the Cuban situation quiet.
I01Living thtSs ward W. Brooke proposed a GOP Lt R t
Iconvention in 1965 to draft a new Paigtemsiestscm
pat ltom roe er o P riment ' oto and a tendency to turn inward on the part of the ocuats*h refused to support Goldwater, could create ade agerosstaion,
Jane Feinberg, '65, said a residence hall doesn't make demands won a decisive re-election victory LODNc~-Nn a orit difCasroger ocrou utisn
~on the individual. It is up to the individual girl to develop both in the face of Johnson's landslide leiLOrsDO--iearaartae threatrowr to ootydowntAmeia
contacts and interestsithBaSaestwk. dash from Scotland to London surveillance planes.
individualicurchawas Not Available fo last night to try to save their gov- Modern Weapons
A large dorm makes no specific demands on the idviulyet Brhwsntaalbefrerment from possible defeat in The SAMS are considered very'
offers numerous activities which are available if a girl wishes to comment on any of these develop- its first big parliamentary battle modern defense weapons against
take advantage of them. This is also true of a small dorm, although ments. aantteCnevtvs h icat hyaerpre
Many of the state RepublicanaantteCosraietohe airran f2hey esepoe
not to as great an extent, she said. laessree yteAscae For two hours the legislators- t aearneo 5mlsIt
"A girl must feel a sense of responsibility to the house and -- waiting to fly to London to takethskanteyreet-eig
a sooriy cn dvelp ths t a uchgreter egre tan dom,"part in a crucial vote on a motion missiles so that they are consid-
a.+ soity anb deVNrvel on th to4a mcnre f.a YPCter egree ta tTa rm"k rS tle yteCosraivsciicznIrd ul apbeo dsryn
I ~~v R lktr ~cttI~I bythe onsrvaive criiciingf erd fllycapble f dstryin


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