SeventIy-Fif lb Year
EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:
Hits Mrs. Burns for Stressing Rights

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Where Opinions Are Free, 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MICH.
Truth Will Prevail

NEWS PHONE: 764-0552

Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.
SATURDAY, 3 APRIL 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: SCOTT BLECH

'People-to-People' Program
Offers Much for Ann Arbor

To the Editor:
IN LAST SUNDAY'S Daily, Miss
Julie Fitzgerald presented to
the readers a political advertise-
ment which should have been paid
for by the Democratic Party in
Ann Arbor. I doubt that they had
to pay, however, because the "ad"
was presented as an objective
analysis of civil rights in Ann
Arbor. I would like to point out
some oversights Miss Fitzgerald
made.
Her article starts out by la-
menting the lack of progress in
the field of civil rights here in
Ann Arbor. Yet if you ask any-
one who knows anything about
city administration, you will find
out Ann Arbor's Fair Housing Or-
dinance is considered the finest
ordinance of its kind in Michigan
and, further, one of the best in
the country.
This is fact. This ordinance was
passed by a Republican Council
and proposed by the present Re-
publican candidate for mayor,
Wendell Hulcher. One might men-
tion here that many a larger,
Democratically-controlled city, e.g.
our neighbor to the east, has not
even started to progress in this
field.

ENDELL HULCHER, Republican can-
didate for mayor and former city
councilman, has injected a very inter-
esting and potentially rewarding propos-
al into Ann Arbor's current campaign-
a proposal calling for Ann Arbor to join
with several other Michigan cities in
adopting a Sister City in some other na-
tion.
Considering the number of foreign stu-
dents, exchange programs and interna-
tionally-oriented citizenry, Ann Arbor
seems an ideal place for such a project.
Violence flares up in all parts of the
world when people don't understand each
other. Even those regarded as our allies
throw rocks through library windows in
our embassies. Governmental programs,
per se seem incapable of eliminating
world tension; we need to supplement
them with close personal contacts in
every nation.
THE PEOPLE-TO-PEOPLE Program,
started by President Eisenhower in
1956, is premised on the belief that ef-
forts toward peace are significantly en-
hanced through international under-
standings and friendships. The program
is an attempt to increase the exchanges
of students, educators, ministers, tourists

and literature which have proved ex-
tremely successful in achieving under-
standing.
Art, music, letters and people would
flow back and forth across geographical
boundaries and cultural barriers: when
we get to know people as individuals, we
get along better. Over 300 U.S. cities now
have Sister Cities in 56 countries as a
means of involving a maximum number
of organizations and citizens in such ex-
changes.,
Vice-resident for University Relations
Michael Radock, chairman of the 1965
Michigan Week Theme Committee, has
suggested that Michigan Week (May 16-
22) would be an excellent time to orga-
nize the People-to-People chapter here.
This suggestion seems particularly apro-
pos considering that this year's theme is
"Michigan-Dynamic in World Progress."
IT IS TO BE HOPED the citizens of Ann
Arbor will give Hulcher's proposal due
consideration when they go to the polls
Monday. It may well prove to be a richly-
rewarding program which will help cre-
ate a better world climate and enrich our
lives at the same time. The project is
lusty, growing and industrious,
-ARTHUR J. COLLINGSWORTH

served like "deacons in a church,"
or the members of the board of
directors of a corporation. But I
persisted because I thought that
if the Regents were educators in-
stead of businessmen, they might
take more of an interest in rais-
ing the quality of this University
and not. think so much about
"lining their own pockets."
I was told they would only be-
come "a fifth wheel," obstructing
the administrative work of the
president, vice presidents, deans
and faculty. The implication was
that there would not be enough
work to keep the Regents busy
from nine to five.
One need only think of the
Regent who has promised to re-
turn to Ann Arbor by plane from
his job in Spain if anything im-
portant is happening to see the
truth of the president's remark.
(The thought that the number of
Regents might be reduced to give
the remainder something to do full
time did not occur to me then.)
By this tme I was in some-
what of a daze and I blurted out,
"But who looks out for the stu-
dents' interest?" At this point, as
the president turned to greet an-
other group of students bearing
teacups, I was given the royal
brush-off.
I know a president is allowed-

AS MISS
Mrs. Eunice

FITZGERALD hints,
Burns, who has been


"I'm Gonna Protect Yoi From A Guy
In A White Hood"

Exciting Teachers and Tenure Policy

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SNCC
To the Editor:
THE RECENT editorial by Peter
Sarasohn asking for a re-
evaluation of approach and at-
titude by the members of the Stu-
dent Nonviolent Coordinating
Committee has drawn several let-
ters of criticism from various
sources. A close analysis of the
editorial, however, reveals some
careful thinking and certain con-
structive suggestions.
Sarasohn's proposal that "as
sincere progress is being made by
Congress, demonstrations should
become less spectacular and pro-
vocative of violent reaction" met
with the disapproval of Joseph P.
Gaughan. Contrary to Gaughan's
ideas, I feel civil disobedience is
NOT the only way to make an un-
just regime appear as such to the
rest of the nation. Violence only
provokes hatred and distrust, and
at a time when national authori-
ties are willing to cooperate with
civil rights workers, the extra day
or two necessary to cut through
the red tape-overcoming irra-
tional frenzy which prohibits re-
straint-is well worth the delay.
The core of the American public,
which is basically sympathetic
towards the civil rights move-
ment, would sooner associate
themselves with legal authority
and prestige than the illegal, vio-
lent and irrational demonstra-
tors. This may seem only a review
of basic psychology, but then the
SNCC workers should be all the
more aware of it. A few enthusiasts
will never change the existing dis-
crimination of the entire nation-
rather, it is necessary to have the
basic majority of the population's
support before the ends which all
civil rights Workers desire will
actually be realized.
IT IS with these ideas in mind
that other civil rights organiza-
tions are now showing some re-
straint and willingness to cooper-
ate with authorities-and not
without indication of favorable
results. This change in policy in
no way necessitates a slack in
intensity of effort towards the
goal of democracy for all; it is
only a modification of mode, in
keeping with progress, support and
sympathy and with the desire for
a broader base of public support.
(It is elementary that the broad-
er the relative base of a structure,
the less likely it is to topple.)'
Another letter was critical of
Sarasohn's requestwfor maturity
in the future actions of SNCC. His
plea met the refute that "there
is time for maturity later." This
reply, to be sure; is frequently
employed in excusing indiscrete
acts by adolescents. However, I
would like to point out that or-
ganizations and humans are not
basically analogus, and herein lies
a primary fallacy in reasoning. In-
discrete acts by a student body
supposedly committed to non-
violence can only be accounted
for by irrational thinking, quick
decisions and disregard for prece-
dent and laws.
Sarasohn further expressed the
hope that the youthful SNCC
would "remains unified and co-
ordinated with the other, older
civil rights organizations," which
have been in the field longer. In

reply, Gaughan said SNCC wast
in Selma two years before the
Southern Christian Leadership
Conference and hence should have
the reins of leadership there.
It might be noted that Sara-
sohn only referred to the youth
of SNCC in general, in relation to
the other civil rights organiza-
tions. Certainly there is an execp-
tion to every rule or generaliza-
tion, but just as certainly the ex-
perience of these older organiza-
tions could be used to the ad-
vantage of SNCC.
IF RUSSIA and the United
States have been criticized for not
unifying their efforts toward like
scientific goals, so much more can
SNCC be questioned for not work-
ing with other civil rights organi-
zations when they are seeking the
same ideological goal.
In conclusion, I would like to
point out that Sarasohn does not
advocate "toleration of this situ-
ation" (of predjudice) as Geffner,
et.al., imply in their letter. Rather,
he would like to see a unified
mature approach by all the civil
rights organizations, including
SNCC, so that, "united," the prog-
ress of the civil rights movement
will attain maximum force and
greatest momentum and thus pro-
ceed with highest acceleration and
at full velocity.
-Frances Craig, '66
Engineers, LSAD
To the Editor:
L JPON READING both Robert
Johnston's editorial on the en-
gineering college and Richard
Donnely's subsequent letter, it
seems obvious both have fallen
into the same trap. Is there any
requirement which says anen-
gineer must take no more than
so many credit hours of non-
technical electives? Of course not.
Furthermore, is there any re-
quirement that the program in

engineering must be completed in
nine semesters? Again, the an-
swer is no. Why, then, must every-
one assume an incoming engineer-
ing student is incapable of dis-
covering literary college subjects
for himself and must be forced
into them by the curriculum re-
quirements? If a student wished,
he could take an additional semes-
ter and delve far deeper into the
non-technical subjects which in-
terested him.
The answer to this problem,
therefore, does not lie in increased
requirements. It might be more
beneficial to take a better look
at the introductory courses in
the humanities and social sciences
to find out why engineers avoid
them as much as possible. As far
as my own experience is concern-
ed, I have found I can get a
better "liberal education" by ju-
diciously reading various books in
my spare time.
As a final note, Johnson might
consider the following suggestion.
Since he feels an engineer should
have an extensive background in
liberal arts, it is certainly no less
valid to assume a student in lit-
erary college should have a good
background in the physical
sciences. Therefore I would like to
suggest that when the engineering
college goes to its new curriculum,
all gi'aduates from the literary
college be required to have basic
courses in chemistry and physics,
two semesters of calculus, a com-
puter course and eight hours of
engineering subjects in at least
two departments.
THEN THEY, TOO, can become
"well rounded" individuals. With
the constantly increasing diffi-
culties in communication between
technical and non-technical per-
sonnel, the literary college grad-
uates bear a responsibility equal
to that of engineers to avoid a
world where everyoneecannot see
the forest for the trees.
--Stephen P., Oksala, '65E

:'A

A

THERE IS A STORY, familiar to many
academicians, about a one-time col-
league of theirs named Jesus, of Nazareth.
He roamed through small communities,
engaging in an earnest effort to create a
dialogue between himself and his stu-
dents.He inspired, he excited, he stimu-
lated. But he did not, publish; so they
crucified him.
More words have been written about the
'publish or perish" controversy than
about any other campus topic save sex
and riots-two issues which are explored
not for their importance to education,
Last Chance'
IF ALL THE "Last Chance Speeches"
sponsored. by the University Activities
Center are as worthwhile as John J. Man-
ning's was Tuesday, then the UAC should
be proud of the tradition it has hopefully
started.
The speeches are an opportunity for
faculty members to lecture as if this were
the last time in their lives they would
have a public forum. UAC has tentative-
ly planned to hold more of these lec-
tures both this summer and next fall.
If they become a tradition, the "Last
Chance Speeches" could prove both in-
tellectually provocative and beneficial as
an insight into the ideals faculty mem-
bers feel most important.
Manning, an administrative assistant
in the literary college Junior-Senior
Counselling Office and a teaching fellow
in English, spoke on students finding a
principle which would integrate them
with their education.
THE "QUINTESSENCE of education,"
he said, is to be found in direct, one-
to-one relationships between students
and professors. These relationships form
a basis from which the student can de-
rive an integrative principle.
Hopefully, the rest of this series of
"Last Chance Speeches" will be as pro-
vocative and insightful as Manning's.
-JULIE W. FITZGERALD
Acting Editorial Staff
ROBERI .JOHNSTON, Editor
LAURENCE KIRSHBAIJM JE11'REY GOODMAN
Managing Editor Editorial Director
JUDITH WARREN................Personnel Director
THOMAS WEINBERG................Sports Editor
LAUREN BAHR...........Associate Managing Editor
SCjrIf BIECH ............ Assitaint Managing Editor
ROBERT HIHPLER....... Assneiate Editorial irector
GAIL BLUMBERG .. Maga'ine Editor
LLOYD RAFF .. ......Associate Sports Editor
JAMES KESON .................. Chief Photographer
IGHT EDITORS: W. Rexford Benoit, David Block.
John Bryant, Michael .ialiar, Leonard Pratt.
SPORTS NIGHT ELJIORS: Robert Carney, James
LaSovage, Ulibert Samberg, James Tindall, Charles
vetzner, Bud Wilkinscn.

but because they tittilate the outside
world. I do not propose any weighty an-
alysis or sophisticated probe of the is-
sue. I wish to state what is perhaps the
obvious, and leave it to those who run
our academic fortresses to explain why
they do not recognize the obvious.
The single greatest fault of the Amer-
ican educational experience is its failure
to provide a medium for excitement of
the mind. Paul Goodman says it; Clark
Kerr, a victim of his own prophecies, has
said it; James Conant has said it; and
every educational observer takes this
premise as his point of reference.
YET WITHIN this diseased environment
there are pockets of hope. They are
the small minority of men who honor the
profession of teaching. They do not ac-
cept the givens of the world; they do not
manipulate the stale premises of society;
they do not teach because they are forced
to; they teach because they love it.
These men challenge the givens; they
formulate concepts which outrage and
dare an open mind; they explore the con-
clusions-however absurd or shocking or
dangerous-of a new idea. They are the
saviors of the very institutions which do
not recognize them, because they teach
people how to think.
These men are to be cherished. They
are not to be made over, they are not to
be molded, they are not to be taught to
think like the rest. They are to be let
alone; and, short of molesting children
or robbing poor-boxes, they are to be pro-
tected from the political pygmies who
seek to exploit non-conformity with all
the glee of a cretinous child squashing a
butterfly.
WHETHER THESE MEN publish vol-
umes, or not a word must, in a sane
society, be absolutely irrelevant. Some of
them are prolific; others write not at all.
For a university to establish a system
which overlooks these men, and super-
imposes a mechanical criteria in judging
the effectiveness of these extraordinary
men, is for that university to slit its own
throat.
Tenure-the shield of the academic-is
meaningless if it does not go to those
who teach well.
It is obvious-trivial-patently clear--
that good teachers and great teachers
make a great university. It is obvious-
foolishly, childlishly simple-that a man
who kindles the spark of curiosity in his
students is worth 50 scholarly articles on
Phallic Math in the Later Works of Hen-
ry James and a dozen books on Imman-
uel Kant and the War of 1812. It is ob-
vious-nearly tautologous-that the good
and great 'teachers should be desired by
colleges and universities.

t ; ;

THE BERKELEY EVENTS:
In the Midst of Plenty
A Moral Protest
ABSURD IT MAY HAVE BEEN, but it was not trivial. The events
(the demonstrations at the University of California-Berkeley)
destroyed some illusions about contemporary education and disclosed
the depths of the antagonism between a generation which has all
but contracted out of the affluent society and the perfect dehumanized
expression of that society, the large-scale organization, which trans-
mutes knowledge, energy and money into technological miracles-
the perfect artifact for multiplying change so as to drown out
purpose.
In a society which values growth and material power above all
else and which cannot comprehend why rebellion and discontent
should flourish amidst plenty and opportunity, it was astonishing
to observe the students making a moral protest in defense of tradi-
tional rights which their elders could not take seriously and in
defense of the principles of a liberal education which their elders
had mislaid somewhere among the many other functions of the
"multiversity."
The crisis demonstrated that socially useful functions, no matter
how competently performed, are no substitute for moral authority,
-Sheldon Wolin, John Schaar
Political science department
University of California-Berkeley
From the New York Review, March 11



I

running for mayor since last May,
has been proposing ill-thought-
out amendments to the ordinance.
She has been doing this to make
civil rights an issue in Monday's
election. She knows her amend-
ments mean nothing until the
ordinance has been put through
the courts. There is no reason in
the world for amending a law that
is not in effect, that has not had
an opportunity to get the job
done, that is still being tested in
the courts.
I might point out also that
many Democrats at the state level,
most notably Attorney General
Frank Kelley, realize that civil
rights should be kept out of local
partisan races and are opposing
such attempts as Mrs. Burns' to
insert the issue. Along with Re-
publicans, they realize that a
strong State Civil Rights Com-
mission is the place to mount a
frontal attack on a statewide prob-
lem.
They also remember that a
pledge was signed by the State
Chairmen of both parties that
civil rights would not be allowed
to become a partisan issue. Mrs.
Burns seems to have forgotten
that pledge.
-Lyle Stewart, Grad
Dear President:
To the Editor:
A COUPLE of weeks ago I put
on a tie and a suit and at-
tended a tea given by the =presi-
dent of this University. Up until
that afternoon I believed quiet
discussion was better than singing
on a picket line. After all, if one
wants to participate, one should
be "responsible." But now I am
not so sure.
I asked the president. how he
would feel about a proposal to pay
the Regents a sizeable sum of
money, and, further, to forbid
them from holding an interest in
any business within, say, a 10 mile
radius of Ann Arbor. I had been
thinking about student grievances
for a long time-about high Ann
Arbor rents, why "the Harvard
of the Midwest" has no coopera-
tive bookstore like Harvard, etc.,
-and I decided these problems
were due to the Regents and the

nay, honor-bound-to evade stu-
dent questions, but I am afraid I
took it personally. But as the
president turned away, he said to
me, "Why, everyone looks out for
the students' interest."
Dear Mr. President:
Since it would be in the best
interest of the students to have
a cooperative bookstore, since it
would be in the best interest of
the students to pay less money
for movies, since it would be in
the best interest of students to be
able to buy Vernor's gingerale in
the dormitories if they wished in-
steadof products from the Coca-
Cola Bottling Co. only, and so on,
would you please get "everyone"
together and do something to rem-
edy these injustices before we re-
sponsible, apathetic students be-
come angry enough todo a little
participating without responsibil-
ity.
I have talked with you several
times now, Mr. President, and I
know you realize that someday
this selfishness will be stopped
and that in any group the moral-
ity, or immorality, permeates from
the leaders downward. But would
you please use your power to help
us powerless, responsible students
hasten a return to morality?
-Joseph Babitch, '65
'Free Debate'
To the Editor:
A R. CAIN'S PROTEST against
"biased presentation of views"
(letter, March 30) reveals his own
dehydrated conception of the
University's function. Perhaps this
is a reflection of his own natural,
habitat.,
His perfunctory bow toward
"free and open debate," so long
as supported by a Rankian view
of academic inquiry so popular
among German professors of his-
tory during the 19th Century,
characterizes his shriveled outlook
on the academician as citizen. So
also does his desire to impose in-
tolerable monetary and temporal
burdens on those persons wishing
to express their views on Viet Nam.
Citizenship, in any meaningful
sense of the word, requires par-
ticipation in the expression and
exchange of views whenever and
wherever an orderly outlet pre-


TODAY AND TOMORROW:
Bases for Viet Talks Missing

By WALTER LIPPMANN
THE CARDINAL DEFECT of
the administration's conduct of
the war in Indo China has been
pointed out by Republican Sen.
John Sherman Cooper of Ken-
tucky. In a statement last week
Sen. Cooper said the United States
government, like its adversaries
in Peking and Hanoi, is "prescrib-
ing conditions as a prerequisite to
negotiations which will not be
accepted."
The Communists are making it
a condition of a negotiation that
the U.S. must withdraw from
Viet Nam; we are making it a
condition of a negotiation that
North Viet Nam must withdraw
from South Viet Nam. This, Sen.
Cooper said, is "a kind of demand
from both sides for unconditional
surrender."
It is, therefore, highly impor-
tant that the administration put
itself in a position where negotia-
tion is possible, granting that even
if it did so Hanoi and Peking may
gamble on winning the war in
order to overrun South Viet Nam
and inflict a smashing defeat on
the U.S.
But regardless of what they do,
we must come into court with
clean hands. The administration
needs to clarify its own position-
in order to set in motion a move-
ment for negotiation and, failing
that, to put the onus of prolonging
and widening the war unmistak-
ably on our adversaries.
THERE IS a mistaken impres-

negotiations can take place, the
North must demonstrate its readi-
ness "to leave its neighbors alone."
Secretary of State Dean Rusk has
avoided a precise definition of
that phrase. We know that "il-
legal infiltration of military per-
sonnel and arms" is considered to
violate that condition.
That "leaving your neighbors
alone" means also withdrawal of
infiltrators who are already there
has at times been suggested but
never formally stated.
Sen. Cooper says of this posi-
tion: "I think it unlikely the
Communists will agree to this
condition for negotiations as we
will not agree to their condition
that the United States withdraw."
What Sen. Cooper is asking the
administration to do is what was
done in the 'Korean War: "No
such conditions were imposed by
eithei. side prior to negotiations,
but a cease fire was sought." Un-
til the administration comes
around to this position, its di-
plomacy will be confused.
LAST WEEK the President is-
sued a statement that "we have
said many times-to all who are
interested in our principles for
honorable negotiation-that we
seek no more than a return to
the essentials of 1954-a reliable
arrangement to guarantee the in-
dependence and security of all in
Southeast Asia."
This is rather puzzling. The
agreements of 1954 were reached
at Geneva in a conference in

manders. But in addition, the
Geneva Conference issued a final
declaration, dated July 21. This
declaration contained the follow-
ing principles of the settlement.
One of the principles was that
the cease fire prohibited "intro-
duction into Viet Nam of foreign
troops and military personnel as
well as of all kinds of arms and
munitions."
THE GENEVA declaration went
on to say "the military demarca-
tion line is provisional and should
not in any way be interpreted as
constituting a political or ter-
ritorial boundary." Furthermore,
the declaration said "general elec-
tionsshall be held in July, 1956,
under the supervision of an in-
ternational commission . ."
The U.S. did not sign the final
declaration. But the undersecre-
tary of state, Gen. Bedell Smith,
made a "unilateral declaration"
which said the U.S. supported the
agreements and that "in connec-
tion with the statement in the
declaration concerning free elec-
tions in Viet Nam, my government
wishes to make clear its position
which it has expressed in a dec-
laration made in Washington on
June 29, 1954, as. follows: 'In the
case of nations now divided
against their will, we shall con-
tinue to seek to achieve unity
through free elections supervised
by the United Nations to insure
that they are conducted fairly.' "
The U.S. encouraged the Diem
government in Saigon to refuse
to hold the elections of 1956, al-

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