VIET NAM AND
U.S. GOALS
See Editorial Page
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FAIR AND COLD
High-35
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Increasing cloudiness
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Seventy-Four Years of Editorial Freedom
VOL. LXXV, No. 151 ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, SATURDAY, 27 MARCH 1965 SEVEN CENTS
SIX PAGES
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Judge Warnas Thieves
By ROBERT KLIVANS
"A person who obtains a
conviction for larceny will have
a record which is very difficult
to explain when applying for
professional school, enlistment
in the Armed Services, and
employment."
With this warning, Judge
Francis L. O'Brien of the Ann
Arbor Municipal Court explain-
ed yesterday the seriousness of
what many University students
have considered a harmless
prank. He referred to the ris-
ing tide of minor thefts re-
ported by merchants around
the city.
"The grocery stores, A & P
particularly, have complained
bitterly about the amount of
theft. Inventory has decreased
in a 1 a r m i n g proportions,"
O'Brien commented. He contin-
ued that, whereas in the past
merchants often warned stu-
dents who were caught stealing,
they were no longer tolerating
any form of theft.
More Crimes
O'Brien released a statement
recently which clarified the ris-
ing proportion of c r i m e s,
"There have been 83 convic-
tions for larceny since Dec. 1
as compared with 34 cases over
the same period last year."
O'Brien said he could not
find any significant reason for
the increase. However, John
Miles, chairman of Joint Judi-
ciary, attributed the problem to
the fact that "the word around
the quads and around town is
'you can get away with it'."
The simple truth is that the
chances for getting away with
it are growing slim. A two-
pronged attack by merchants
and authorities to discourage
larceny has been started.
Preventive Measures
The local retailers have in-
itiated preventive measures to
observe the slightest theft.
Campus Drugs, for example,
has a one-way mirror in the
store, and a full-time employe
watches the activity. Several
grocery stores are reported to
have floorwalkers on duty at
all times.
-Daily-James Keson
JUDGE FRANCIS L. O'BRIEN (above) of the Ann Arbor
Municipal Court issued a warning yesterday of a crackdown
on petty larceny, in reference to the rising tide of minor
thefts reported by merchants around the city.
A id Law
ApprovedF u
By House Char
WASHINGTON VP)-The House
passed President Lyndon B. John-
son's $1.3-billion school bill lasti
night in a vote preceded byiangry DRIVING PERMIT:
exchanges between Democrats and
Republicans.
The vote that sent the bill to
the Senate marked the first time
in its history the House has pass-
ed such a broad program of fed-
eral aid for elementary and sec- By ADRIA SCHWARTZ C
ondary schools. CuclYE
ondar schols.The Graduate Student Councily
The big Democratic majority has declared that the $7 annual a
brushed aside Republican protests hseclard tantheb$7anna
that it was riding roughshod over peramitoler maintai sdt uEnt $
the minority and defeated every sticker, should be abolished. The
major amendment the Republi- Council has also called for a sur-
cans offered, most of them with- vey and "adoption of definite d
out debate. policies" on the traffic and park- o
Amendments ing problems which it contends t1
One final Republican attempt will face the University in the ti
to amend the bill was defeateC future. p
267 to 149. In a report adopted at its ca
Secretary of Health, Education Thursday meeting and released
and Welfare Anthony Celebrezze yesterday, the Council states that
said in a statement: the $7 fee "serves no purpose ex-,r
"Today's action by the House -___
of Representatives is a historicl
step toward the fulfillment of B rown L
Johnson's pledge to ensure every
American child the fullest devel-
opment of his mind and skills. F
The school bill authorizes $1.3{
billion for the following purposes: LANSING ()-Sen. Basil Brow)
-$1.03 billion fordgrants to lo- terday to get more co-signers for Go
cal public school districts at a 1963 fiscal reform program-which E
rate of one-half the state's aver- for 1965 tax revision
age per-pupil cost, for each child
5 to 17 from a family with an The Senate majority floor lead
annual income under $2000. legislative advocate of tax reform,l
The money would go for a sponsors from both parties for ther
broad range of programs design- - -- - - - ----- it
ed to meet the special needs of
educationallytdeprived children.M ae
Special services for non-public P
school pupils would have to be
provided.
-$100 million for grants to the A t Programs
states for the purchase of text- e
books, library books and other;p
printed instructional material for By ALICE BLOCH d
use by children and teachers in Syed Mubin Akhtar, a Paki-
public and private schools. Ma- saiaeien t pi antiat
terials purchased must be approv- staHospital,d at Ypsilanti State
. ed by the state public school au- protest against the Pakistani cul-
thority, which would retain title tural show at the First Baptist v
to them.hrc.v'
-$100 million for grants to lo- Akhtar said dancing and sing-
cal public educational agencies ing by women is not generally ac-
for establishing supplemental ed- cepted in Pakistan. The Paki- s
ucational centers and services, stani Student Association, by a;
available to all elementary and sponsoring such activities, is "con- 1)
essecondary school children. s,. n
sscondaryschoo cir ensn fspiring to misrepresent Pakistan a
of . million for expansion of and create Pakistani-American w
educational research. misunderstanding" he said.0
Three Freed
ili tion of E' Sticker
In addition, once individuals
are caught, charges will be
brought against them. This
may be a reason for the statis-
tical increase in reported thefts,
since many merchants only
issued warnings in the past.
Consequences will be serious
for individuals brought before
the court, O'Brien said.
"Although jail sentences have
been imposed in the past, the
rate of theft has continued to
increase," he explained.
"Therefore, regardless of the
personal consequences to the
individual, those who assume
the risk of stealing, even
though the amount involved is
relatively small, must expect
to go to jail."
Most of the crimes have been
larcenies of less than $100.
Such offenses are -classified as
misdemeanors, and carry a
maximum penalty of a $100
fine plus costs and restitution
and/or 90 days in jail. In addi-
tion, any University student
can also face charges before
Joint Judiciary for the same
crime. ,
Judge O'Brien estimated that
a "fair" percentage, possibly as
high as 50 per cent, of those
charged were University stu-
dents. Joint Judiciary records
show that since Christmas there
have been 15 cases of larceny
ruled on or pending. "Last year
I remember one," noted Miles.
Above all, O'Brien empha-
sized that even the most minor
theft is marked on the student's
record. He described the num-
ber of students convicted as
"much higher than it should
be" and urged all to consider
the eventual consequences of a
hasty action.
ept to collect over $28,000 a,
ear." This revenue, surpassing
rnnual administrative expenses, is
eing funneled into an idle
136,000 surplus fund, the report
harges.
William Perigo, assistant to the
irector of student activities and
rganizations, answered last night
hat the "E" sticker is a "protec-
ve tax" on the student for the
rivilege of maintaining a car on
3mpus.
Surplus Funds
He explained that the surplus
emaining after the payment of
for Backers
orm Plan
rn (D-Highland Park) tried yes-
v. George Romney's unsuccessful
Brown will introduce as a vehicle
er, perhaps the most outspoken
hopes to secure about 10 to 12
old Romney plan and introduce
t Monday. But he admitted he
vas having trouble finding back-,
rs.
Gov. George Romney will meet
Vonday with House Speaker Jo-
eph Kowalski (D-Detroit) to dis-
uss "specific fiscal reform pro-
osals," Kowalski reported yester-
lay.
Still Hope
"The candlelight of hope is still
dickering," the Republican gov-
rnor said Thursday in an assess-
nent of the climate for tax re-
ision.
Brown said the apparent cause
f his difficulty in finding co-
sponsors of the old Romney pack-
ge is that those senators who are
nterested at all in a tax plan
re drafting their own and don't
want to be associated with an-
ther set of bills.
The 1963 Romney plan was in
he same general pattern as most
iscal ideas currently being dis-
ussed-cut the sales tax on food
nd drugs, enact an individual and
orporate income tax, eliminate
he business activities tax.
Disagreement
"There are lots of specifics in
t that I don't agree with," said
Brown. "But at least it's a vehicle"
-that is, something to get the
egislative process started even if
he bill itself is heavily amended.
An income tax bill has already
een introduced in the House by
rep. George Montgomery (D-
)etroit). Brown also is awaiting
rom the legislative bill drafting
ervice two of his own tax plans
elieved to encompass a high rate,
tating that Democrats would ex.
lore fiscal reform did not con-
ince Romney that success in his
ft-announced aim is imminent.
u Klux Klansmen
A in Right surder
administrative costs are placed in
a special fund earmarked for the
construction of on-campus park-
ing facilities. He estimated the
fund at $125,000.
The graduate report claims,
however, that the auto permit
money originally collected to fi-
nance student parking facilities in
the campus area is no longer
sought with that intent.
"Parking structures have been
ruled out due to the cost of $2000
per car" to build a structure, the
report states. It adds that no ef-
fective alternatives have been pro-
posed by the administration to
"alleviate the increasingly crowd-
ed conditions of the campus area
streets."
Rising Costs
Perigo conceded that rising
property costs have made financ-
ing new structures difficult. But
he said his office, in conjunction
with a special student-adminis-
trator driving committee, is seek-
ing less expensive alternatives to
alleviate the parking situation. As
an example of their efforts he
cited the rental of the top two
floors in the Thompson St: park-
ing structure for student use.
Perigo raised the possibility of
a plan whereby automobiles could
be parked on North Campus facili-
ties and the students bussed into
the Central Campus-financed by
the "E" sticker fees. This method
of .'remote parking" has been
used successfully on other urban
campuses such as the University
of Illinois, Perigo said.
The GSC report does not spe-
cifically rule out these alterna-
tives, but calls for a survey of
students, faculty and employes
probing their sentiments on pos-
sible solutions.
Traffic Patterns
The report stresses that the
"solution to the parking problem
can only be arrived at in con-
Junction with the planning of fu-
ture housing developments." It
also urges a study of future traffic
patterns, claiming that adminis-
trators are charting needs on the
basis of current traffic and park-
ing patterns.
* The graduate report is also
critical of the present use of "E"
sticker funds which are support-
ing administrative costs. "The
present sticker sales pay the sal-
aries of two part-time secretaries,
1 one full-time administrator and
three full-time patrolmen plus
operating costs," it declares.
Perigo defended the need for
these employes as a protection to
students.
The University has conducted a
long-range study of physical de-
velopment, the Central Campus
plan, which includes the creation
of several parking structures.
However, officials have con-
ceded privately that these spaces
will barely be sufficient to handle
the influx of faculty and employe
automobiles.
On $50,000
Bail Bonds
Johnson To Step Up
Legal War on Klan,
Proposes Legislation
LOWNDESBORO, Ala.JP)-Four
Alabamians described by the FBI
as Ku Klux Klansmen were ar-
rested yesterday on charges of
conspiracy in the highway ambush
slaying of a Detroit civil rights
worker near Big Swamp, Ala.
They were brought before United
States Commissioner in Birming-
ham and ordered held in lieu of
$50,000 bond each. Their attorney
said the bond was exhorbitant.
Several hours later three of the
men were released on bond. They
were Eugene Thomas, William
Orville Eaton and Gary Thomas
Rowe.
On Probation
The fourth man, Collie Leroy
Wilkins Jr., remained in jail. He
was convicted in federal court last
November on a charge of possess-
ing an unregistered shotgun and
placed on probation for two years.
President Lyndon B. Johnson
announced the arrests in Wash-
ington and immediatelyndeclared
he was stepping up his personal
war against the Klan.
The four Klan members were
charged under a federal statute
with violating the civil rights of
Mrs. Viola Gregg Liuzzo, 39-year-
old Detroit mother of five. Maxi-
mum penalty is 10 years in prison,
a $5,000 fine or both.
Murdered
Mrs. Liuzzo was shot in the head
as she drove along U.S. 80 between
Montgomery and Selma, Ala., last
night.
Mrs. Liusso was returning to
Montgomery after transporting a
group of civil rights marchers to
Selma.
In Washington, Atty. Gen. Nich-
olas Katzenbach was asked if he
expects any further arrests in the
case and he replied:
"I think we have got the men
we want."
Legislation
The President announced he
was calling for special legislation
to root out the Klan, saying he
had directed Atty. Gen. Nicholas
Katzenbach to draft such a law.
He suggested the proposed bill go
to Congress after the new voting
rights bill.
Johnson also suggested that
congressional committees might
want to start immediate investiga-
tions. Such an investigation has
been proposed by Rep. Charles L.
Weltner (D-Ga).
Johnson announced the arrests
in Washington only 16/, hours
after the slaying.
Scores of agents who were in
the Selma-Montgomery area be.
cause of a Negro voter drive
swarmed into an intensive in-
vestigation under direct orders
from the President.
I
L: V::.'. * :-*
AWARDS $146,874.
NASA Grant Aids Diffraction Studies
By CAROL GODOSHIAN
The University's studies in a
field where basic research has
yielded applications in b o t h
science and industry will continue
this year supported by a $146,000
grant from tle National Aero-
nautics and Space Administration.
The field is that of research on
techniques for ruling improved
large diffraction gratings. Optical
diffraction gratings are the pri-
mary tool of spectroscopy, the
analysis of the nature of sub-
Drain System
'To vercome'
liag's Lakes
By LILLI VENDIG
Snow, ice and water on the
Diag have hampered student
movement since winter first hit
the University campus. Large pools
of water frequently have covered
sidewalks in several places.
Alfred P. Ueker, manager of the
plant department, said he realize$
there is a drainage and snow
clearance problem. The plant de-
partment and engineering depart-
ment are studying a drainage and
irrigation system. They hope tr
act on it within the next six
months, he added.
The plan isrto install drains in
the grass area which will not
freeze in winter, so the campvr
area will drain properly through-
out the year. The irrigation sys-
tem would also keep the grass
watered during the dry summer
season.
As soon as the snow first falls,
snow removal crews from the
plant department are at work on.
campus. They must clear 1300
acres of campus. University Hos-
pital receives first priority. Roads
and sidewalks leading to it mus'
be cleared in case of emergency.
The campus area is cleared
stances by studying the light they
absorb or emit.
Prof. George W. Stroke, head
of the Electro-Optical Science
Laboratory, who was awarded the
grant jointly with Prof. Orren C.
Mohler, chairman of the astro-
nomy department, explained how
the grant will be used and dis-
cussed the conti'butions of spec-
troscopy to modern science and
industry.
Technology
"A grating," he explained, "is
an array of parallel grooves ruled
on an aluminized glass mirror.
There are from 7500 to 60,000:
grooves per inch."
When light strikes a grating, it
is broken up into its constituents.
This is what would happen if it
were passed through a prism, but
a grating permits more consti-
tuents of the light to be distin-
guished more clearly.
An atom which has absorbed a
suitable amount of energy will
emit light at specific frequencies
or colors which are characteristic
of it. Thus, by analysis of its
spectrum, its identitfy can be de-
termined.
Construction
The special interest of the stud-
ies supported by the NASA grant
is in the construction of diffrac-
tion large enough to be used in
astronomy.
The larger gratings permit light
to be resolved from stars a greater
distance away from the earth.
"Ninety per cent of our basic
knowledge of the universe comes
from spectroscopy," Stroke said.
A few months ago, the atmos-
phere of Venus was found to con-
tain water vapor. A diffraction
grating was sent up in a balloon,
under the direction of Prof. John
Strong of John Hopkins Univer-
sity. From the spectrum of the
light reflected from the planet it
was found that its atmosphere
absorbed light in a way that
proved it contained water. vapor.
Larger Gratings
The best gratings now are 10
inches. Stroke said the project
will try to develop gratings of 30
to 40 inches. Since the grooves on
where they enter into the proce
of controlling the composition
1 lnv nl i rr n ln x 1111
alloys and in criminology wnere
they might be used in the exam-
ination of blood stains on a sus-
pect's clothing.
One of the greatest advances
in the ruling of diffraction grat-
ings was made in 1954 by Stroke
and Prof. George R. Harrison at
Massachusetts Institute of Tech-
nology.
!"The principle introduced at
MIT has .become the pattern for
ruling engines around the world,"
Stroke said.
In addition, the development
opened the way for industrial ap-
plication in the field of optics of
$50 million a year.
Working with Stroke and Moh-
ler are Frank Dention, who re-
cently joined Stroke from MIT,
and Paul A. Weyrich of Randall
Laboratory of Physics.
The grant, is a continuation of
a $135,000 grant awarded to
Stroke last year.
-$25 million for grants to state
departments of education for
planning and cardying out state-7
wide educational programs.
Students Plan
Faculty Talks
The Literary College Steering
Committee has announced plans
to hold an open meeting featur-
ing brief talks by several prom-
inent University faculty members.
The meeting is scheduled for
next Friday afternoon. It is the"
second such program sponsored
by the committee.
After the opening addresses, stu-
dents will have an opportunity to
discuss academic issues with the
guest faculty.
111 11~1U W111 , l ifG1 .
Akhtar described his picketing
as an effort to "do my duty by
telling Americans that this cul-
tural show does not represent Pak-
istani culture."
His picket signs contained such
slogans as "America-this is notj
Pakistan," and a quotation from:
the Koran, reading "And do not
go abroad exhibiting your charmsj
and beauties."
Members of the PSA, comment-
ing on Akhtar's one-man cam-
paign, said dances are an integral
part of Pakistani culture and that
the cultural show was a Pakistani,
not Islamic, show.
They also pointed out that most
of the women in the show were
Americans.
PSA members asserted that
Pakistan itself is changing and
that the code upon which Akhtar
insists is no longer observed by
many Pakistanis.
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I
MIDWEST TO MADISON AVENUE:
How To Become Rich with Minimum Effort
By JOYCE WINSLOW
Once upon a time there was a very poor Midwestern boy who wore
one pair of corduroy overalls all through college. When he graduated
he-applied for a job at an advertising agency.
"What can you do?" asked the grey-flannelled, briefcase-carry-
ing man who spent his life writing soap commercials.
"I can read Racine in French," replied the poor boy, fresh from
a liberal arts education.
"Well, no one is perfect," shrugged the man with the martini in
his hand and gave the boy $15 a week to carry heavy packages. But
the poor boy dropped too many packages and was relegated to the
radio department of the agency. There he worked, when lo and be-
hold, with minimum effort he became the vice-president for television
at Benton and Bowles Agency in New York.
'Young Pr. Malone'
He helped create the teleprompteraand "Young Dr. Malone" and
discovered that the more he made Malone's fans cry, the higher the
TV ratings went. And the TV ratings went up and up and the young
man was a success.
Then the voung man wrote a book about his experiences and
the population who preferred light entertainment that does not make
them think.
He said that there was nothing wrong with a little light .enter-
tainment, if really stimulating drama and fine music were also to be
presented on TV. However, he continued, television networks tried
scheduling a lot of high quality entertainment and found that people
simply turned off their television sets.
College Preparation
"I graduated from college trained for culture," said Mead. He
said that this type of training led to two possible careers: teaching
culture, or going into mass culture.
Mead thought the mass culture trap could be slowly eliminated
by gradually raising the quality level of TV programming. He said
the growth of community theatres and such programs which actively
involved people in culture could also help beat the mass culture rut.
Mead, who describes himself as a man "interested in every,
thing," said that educational TV could be a fantastically exciting
thing. He thinks there is no end to the possibility of what America
could do with television and that British TV programs tend to be
of higher quality because they were not dependent upon advertising
for monetary support.
e .,,,