FRIDAY, 12 MARCH 1965
THE MICHIGAN DAILY
PAGE THREE
FILIDAY, 12 MARCH 1965 TIlE MICHIGAN I)AILV PAGE THRE1~
U.S. MAY STEP UP AID:
ALABAMA VOTING CRISIS:
Washington Promises Legal Aid in Selma; Reeb Dies
Report Rising Concentration of Viet Cong
By The Associated Press The experts praised the quality terday by Secretary of Defense
WASHINGTON -Incof the arms, which seemed rather Robert S. McNamara in testimony
coetratIN Of -nenre at heavy considering the small sta- before the House Foreign Affairs'
units in South VieteNam was re- ture of most Vietnamese who Committee.
ported yesterday with hints that would use them. McNamara repeated the decla-
the United States may apply more Among them was a World War ration he made recently in his an-
pressure on the Viet Cong and II vintage light Russian machine nual military posture statement,,
thei rNorth Vietnamese partner. gun, but the others were of recent saying that if South Viet Nam
manufacture, the experts said. falls to the Communists the U.S.:
In fighting meanwhile, the U.S No Predictions would "have to face the same
lost two aircraft yesterday in sup- What these developments might problem all over again in another
port of the Saigon government's portend no official here would say. place or permit them to have all
campaign against Viet Cong bat- But there is the disquieting re- of Southeast Asia by default."
talions infesting the central high- collection of strategy used when A meeting called by President
lands. the Vietnamese crushed French Lyndon B. Johnson with McNa-
Evidence from W a s h i n g t o n military power 11 years ago. On mara and Secretary of State Dean
sources indicated that not only that occasion, the Vietnamese con- Rusk yesterday night gave rise to
have more red battalions been ob- centrated their forces at Dien Bien speculation that methods for
served in the north and central Phu-causing the French to focus tightening the pressure on the Viet
portions of South Viet Nam over their forces there-and then de- Cong and North Vietnamese reds
the last two or three months, but feated them. and new and more far-ranging
increasing numbers of soldiers A dispatch from South Viet Nam air strikes against North Viet Nam
who are natives of North Viet yesterday by an Associated Press might be under discussion.
Nam have been found among pris- writer said the Mekong Delta area In addition to this, the number
oners captured from Viet Cong South of Saigon has been quiet of American military men is be-
outfits. for weeks. The writer said some ing increased slowly but steadily
Defense weapons experts have intelligence reports indicate that in South Viet Nam, over and above
said the quality of arms used by red battalions have moved north the 3500-man augmentation in the
the Communists has been improv- from other areas to join in a Com- form of two Marine battalions sent
ing steadily in the past six or munist attempt to cut the country this week.
eight months. in two-from the Cambodian Marine Units
Weapon Samples frontier to the South China Sea. Except for the Marine outfits
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size American units, perhaps as
big as an infantry division, are
scheduled for South Viet Nam-
But obviously plans for Viet Nam
are being kept in fluid state.
Gen. Harold K. Johnson, the
Army Chief of Staff, is now on a
fact-finding mission in Viet Nam.
In his testimony yesterday, Mc-
Namara said the forces of South
Viet Nam shoulld outnumber the
Viet Cong guerrillas by a ratio
of 10-1, but that this has not been
attained yet.
Defense officials said that the
two most recent air strikes were
highly successful.
They reported that reconnais-
sance photographs showed that Xc
Bang, 74 per cent of the target
area, was destroyed or severely
damaged. The destruction included
major buildings and ammunition
storage bunkers. Detonation of
ammunition bunkers usually pro-
duces two effects-a deep crater-
ing on the spot and a lateral.
side blast which fells all obstruc-
tions for some distance around.
At the naval base of Quang Kac
about 70 per cent of the target was
destroyed or damaged severely, the
officials said.
(Continued fron Page 1
and clergymen are expected in
Washington today for a mass
meeting in support of Negro vot-
ing rights in Alabama.
The meeting is being called by
the Commission on Religion and
Race of the National Council of
Churches, a Protestant agency. It
will include representatives of all
three major faiths.
Ann Arbor Demonstrators
An estimated 200 of the dem-
onstrators are expected to come
from Ann Arbor.
In Montgomery, the Rev. Mar-
tin Luther King told a federal
court yesterday that unless Ne-
groes are permitted to march tc
the state capital, they "will ex-
plode."
In a packed courtroom, King
testified of tension among dem-
onstrators when he led a Tuesday
march of 2500 Negroes and white
clergymen at Selma. He said the
tension followed Sunday's march
when state troopers clubbed and
tear gassed the demonstrators.
King said he led a massive
street march in Selma in face of
a court ban only after a federal
spokesman handed him a march
route and said, "I think every-
thing will be all right."
Right-to-March
The Negro leader sought r
right-to-march ruling for his
twice-thwarted 50-mile pilgrimage
from Selma to Montgomery.
The hearing was on a petition
by three civil rights leaders for an,
injunction against state or local
police interference with marches.
The Justice Department joined th'
litigation as a friend of the court
and asked a broader order uphold-
ing the right of Negroes to dem-
onstrate peacefully.
While the court hearing went
on, about 80 Negroes marched in
downtown Montgomery and held aj
church rally. Ten of them, includ-
ing James Foreman of Atlanta,
were arrested when they tried to
re-enter the church after leav-
ing. Foreman is a field secretary of
the Student Nonviolent Coordi-
nating Committee.
Only Alternative
Expanding on his promise of
federal action in the recent events,
Atty. Gen. Katzenbach said in
Washington the only alternative
to the action the government is
taking now would have been to
send troops to Alabama.
"I have not recommended this
course to the President and I be-
lieve I am right in not doing so,"1
he said. "I cannot predict what
will happen in the future."
But the situation has improved
in Selma. he said.
Improvement
The Community Relations Serv-
Soviets Spurn
Peking Protest
MOSCOW (A' - Soviet Foreign
Minister Andrei A. Gromyko yes-j
terday rejected Red China's stiff
protest alleging Russian police
brutality against Chinese stu-!
dents rioting at the U.S. Embassy .
in Moscow March 4.
The disclosure came as Chinese
students in Moscow were saying1
they may be recalled unless the
Soviet Union gives an apology de-1
manded in the protest note. I
Speculation spread in non-Com-
munist diplomatic circles that the |
students deliberately might have
sought a clash with Soviet police.1
ice and Department of Justice
have worked to improve the cli-
mate "despite Sheriff Clark" and
had helped avert serious disorder
until last Sunday.
He said he did not know how
the events of last Sunday could
have been predicted or avoided.
"We had no reason to believe
the police would set upon private
citizens in the way they did," he
said.
White House Sit-In
Also in Washington, youthful
civil rights demonstrators spent
seven hours sitting in a White
House hallway today, demanding
to talk with President Johnson.
Four males and eight females,
nine of them Negroes and three
of them white, staged the dem-
onstration after walking into the
White House amid a stream of
late-morning tourists.
Most of them spent the rest of
the day camped in a ground-floor
corridor, threatening to stay
there and stage a hunger strike
until they saw Johnson and pre-
sented a demand for federal in-
tervention in Selma, Ala. They
were removed by police early in
the evening.
The Pentagon displayed samples'
of some of the weapons captured
from the Communist Viet Cong
and recovered from an arms ship
sunk off the South Vietnamese
coast.
The weapons, manufactured by
the Chinese from Russian models,
range from assault rifles to anti-
tank bazooka type weapons.
Another writer, in Kannak on
Tuesday, quoted South Vietnam-'
ese officers as saying captured'
documents showed that a Viet'
Cong assault force, which was
beaten off with heavy losses there,
was a new unit moved in from
North Viet Nam.
The official U.S. position on
South Viet Nam was restated yes-
for defense of the Dan Nang air
base area, no single large unit has
been sent into South Viet Namn.
*The builldup from a low point of
about 16,000 more than a year
ago to nearly 27,000 has been
through individuals or small units
of 100 men or less.
At this point, there seems to be
no firm indication that any large
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PLAYBOY'S N0.1 JAZZ CLARINETIST
Maryland Circuit Court Judge Okays Tax
Aid for Four Church-Affiliated Colleges
ANNAPOLIS -The first round
of a major attack against tax aid
to religious institutions in the
United States ended yesterday
with a ruling that it is Constitu-
tional for Maryland to help con-
struct buildings at church-affili-
ated colleges.
Circuit Court Judge O. Bowie
Duckett said grants of $2.5 million
made by the legislature to four
small religious schools were Con-
stitutional because their primary
effect was not to advance or sup-
press religion.
He said the grants could not
have been allowed if they were
"for the construction of a church
or chapel at any of the institu-
tions," but that they were in-
tended for classroom and dormi-
Senate Begins,
Bank Failure
Investigations1
tory buildings, "all of a seculars
nature."c
Lawyers for the 13 Marylandc
taxpayers who brought the suit
said during the trial they wouldt
appeal any adverse decision to thez
Maryland Court of Appeals and
then to the U.S. Supreme Court
if necessary.
They had contended that the
grants violated restrictions in both
the state and Federal constitu-
tions on church-state relations,
"It must be admitted," Duckett
wrote, 'that regardless of the es-
tablished law of separation of re-
ligion and government, this has
never been completely accomp-t
lished and would be practicallyc
impossible."1
He cited a wide range of gov-j
ernment involvements with reli-1
gion, including providing lunchesI
and medical services for parochiala
schools, chaplains for the militaryc
services and tax exemption for re-
ligious institutions.
The test which must be applied,1
he said, is "that if either the legis-t
lative purpose or. the primary ef-
fect of the enactment advances
stitutions 'are practically identical
with the courses at non-religious
colleges."
On the important question of
standing to bring the suit, Ducket
ruled in favor of the taxpayers. He
said they pay property taxes.
World. News
Roundup
SANTIAGO, CHILE-The in-
terior ministry ordered city offi-
cials yesterday to investigate the
attack by a band of youths on
the U.S. consulate in Santiago a
week ago and punish those re-'
sponsible.
The youths shouted anti-Ameri-
can slogans and stoned the build-
ing, which was empty at the time.
They broke several windows and
lights and they called for the U.S.
to withdraw from Viet Nam. Police
dispersed them.
"MR. NEW ORLEANS"
or suppresses religion, the legis- JAKARTA, INDONESIA - A
WASHINGTON, (IP)-The Fed- lation is invalid; otherwise, it is spokesman for the U.S. embassy
eral government is preparing a valid." said yesterday all U.S. Information
broad iinvestigation into the sus- Applying this test to the con- Service personnel except four will
pected flow of "hot money" from tested grants, Duckett said it leave Indonesia by the end of next
the underworld into legitimate fi- "seems crystal-clear that the week.
nancial circles. The study is tied Maryland legislature was in no The U.S. government decided to
to efforts to analyze a recent up- way concerned with religion in close down USIS operations in
surge in bank failures. making the appropriation ..."..Indonesia after anti-American,,
Colleges Cited communist-dominated demonstra-
News of the investigation came The four Maryland colleges in- tions caused the Indonesian gov-
yesterday from Joseph W. Barr, volved were Hood College, con- ernment to take over five USIS
chairman of the Federal Deposit nected with the United Church of libraries.
Insurance Corp., who told Senate Christ; Western Maryland, a * * *
investigators racketeers may be Methodist school, and St. Joseph NEW DELHI, INDIA-Nine Paki-
using their profits from vice and and Notre Dame, Catholic insti- stani soldiers were killed over the
crime operations to buy their way tutions. past 10 days in clashes with Indian
into banks and other financial in- Duckett said that in the case troops along the cease-fire line in
stitutions. of Hood and Western Maryland, the Himalayan state of Kashmir,
There was testimony Wednes- 'it was clear the primary effect of the defense ministry said yester-
day that Chicago gangland figures the grants woulld not be to aid day. Indian casualties, if any were
may have, been part of a conspir- religion. not given.
acy that allegedly drained the "Neither college trains for the
assets from the Brighton, Colo., ministry or other religious work,
National Bank and forced its clos- and the faculty and students of
ing. without regard to any religious a { Uai/ A11rf
For some 20 years, Barr t
fied, there had been only two
three failures a year of Fede
insured banks.
Then in 1964, he said, seven
sured banks failed, and fourn
already have failed in 1965.
Sen. Jacob K. Javits (R-
suggested that the financial"w
is "one of the areas where
money could be handled . . .
probably is."
YOUT
ISNT
WAST'
ON TI
YouN
esti- both institutions are selected with-
'o or out regard to any religious affilia-
rally tion," he said.
More Difficult
He said the decision was more
a in- difficult in the case of the Catho-
more lic schools because of their closer
ties with the Catholic Church.
NY) However, he said, the buildings
world would be "for secular purposes
hot and the testimony in this case
and clearly establishes that the secu-
lar courses . . . taught in these in-
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