SATURDAY, 6 FEBRUARY 1965 THE MICHIGAN DAILY ,A... 6FBRAY195TE.IHGA AL r-y%4rA -JRyaar Soviets To Host World Communists Despite Opposition of Red Chinese STEVENSON INTERVIEW: Calls UN Crisis Misunderstood MOSCOW (P)-The Soviet Un- ion made a point of emphasizing yesterday-while Premier Alexei N. Kosygin visited Peking-that it intends to play host to some world Communist leaders here next month in a meeting which Red China has opposed. Representatives of the Com- munist parties of 26 nations will gather in Moscow March 1, under the Russian plan, to lay the basis for a summer conference of all Communist parties on the Mos- sow-Peking dispute. The new Kremlin leadership thus is carrying through arrange- ments drawn up by Nikita S. Khrushchev before he was ousted as Premier and First Secretary of the Soviet party last October. Red China Opposed Mao Tse-Tung's regime has de- nounced the meeting as an at- tempt to split the world Com- munist movement, a charge the Russians deny. Kosygin, Ighrushchev's succes- sor in the premiership, stopped over in Peking on his way with a high ranking military delegation to Communist North Viet Nam. He expects to leave today for Hanoi, which has leaned toward Peking in the Soviet-Chinese wrangling. The North Vietnamese Communists also have welcomed Chinese propaganda backing for their support of the Viet Cong war against South Viet Nam's U.S.-backed government. The affirmation of Soviet in- tentions to hold the preparatory meeting was presented in a Tass dispatch from Ulan Bator, Mon- golia, on talks between Soviet Deputy Premier Alexander N. Shelpin and the Mongolian Pre- mier and Communist party chief, Umzhagin Tsedenbal. Mongolian Chief The official Soviet news agency quoted the Mongolian chieftain, who has been struggling for two years against a presumably anti- Soviet faction trying to unseat him, as saying: "Our party attaches great im- portance to the meeting of the editorial board of fraternal par- ties which will be held on March 1 this year." And Shelepin said "we consider that, no matter how great and serious the disagreements are, they cannot and must not be the basis for a split of the socialist camp and the whole Communist move- ment." The Soviet Deputy Premier also touched on a major point of dis- pute between the two Communist giants-the Chinese call for mili- tant tactics against capitalism as opposed to the milder Russian campaign line. Tass quoted Shelepin as saying: "We need peace and in foreign policy we shall fight consistently and tirelessly as before for the implementation of the principles of peaceful coexistence with capi- talist states." Some Urge Delay Some Communist parties, among them the British, have urged post- ponement of the preparatory ses- sion until the Chinese can be per- suaded to attend. But Chinese Premier Chou En-Lai indicated in Jakarta Thursday the Chinese aren't about to be persuaded. As reported by the Indonesian news agency Antara, he said the Russians are trying to monopolize world Communism and "debates between Marxism-Leninism on one hand and revisionism (mean- ing Russian trends) on the other will be continued." Officially, however, Chou was host to Koskgin in Peking. Radio Peking announced he was among high-ranking Chinese who wel-' comed the Soviet Premier on his arrival from Moscow. The last specific mention of the March 1 date came in a Tass dis- patch from Ottawa Jan. 28 stat- ing that the Canadian Communist party supported the meeting. European Communists There have been strong indi- cations that the Soviet leaders were seeking backing from their European Communist allies. Leonid I. Brezhnev, first sec- retary of the Soviet Communist party, met secretly in Hungary with party chief Janos Kadar Jan. 29-31. The March meeting was believed to have been a top item in their talks. Brezhnev and Kosygin were also believed to have discussed the meeting with other European Communists at a Warsaw Pact session which ended Jan. 20 . UNITED NATIONS ()-Am-I bassador to the United Nations Adlai E. Stevenson said in an in- terview yesterday that some na-1 tions "don't even perceive what's involved" in the UN financial crisis and some don't care. But he expressed confidence that the United States can muster! the needed two-thirds vote in the General Assembly in any show- down with the Soviet Union on1 the matter of money and the right to vote. Stevenson said the dispute over paying UN peacekeeping dues is between "those who want to pre- serve the organization intact and those who don't, or don't care, or who don't even perceive what's involved." Committee Negotiations The Assembly meets Monday and Stevenson said it may set up a new committee to negotiate on the whole subject of peacekeep- ing. At the same time, a British spokesman announced yesterday that several member countries have asked Secretary-General U Thant to take the lead in the negotiations. The Soviet Union, France and 11 other countries under article 19 of the charter stand to lose their votes in the Assembly be- cause they are two years behind in their peacekeeping assessments. Stevenson said the Assembly might recess to let a committee work but added: "In our country, we would like as short a postponement as pos- sible, because if there is going to be a permanent solution it ought to be reached quickly. In a far-ranging interview, Stevenson also said the organiza- tion can't stand still. He said Red China is trying to break up the United Nations, expressed belief UN troops pulled out of the Congo too soon, and declared he has no present intention of leaving the United Nations although he finds his Job more that of executing policy than making it. Succession Asked if he thought other dis- satisfied countries might with- draw from the United Nations now that Indonesia has set the ex- ample, Stevenson replied: "I think this is always a prob- lem, and now the ice is broken it's a hazard . . . either this or- ganization gets stronger and the reliance upon it continues to be universal, or it's going to get weaker." Stevenson said there was "strong leadership from the Chinese Com- munists to break up the organ- ization because it is a peacekeep- ing organization, or because it doesn't promote the ambitions of the Chinese Communists. But I don't apprehend much trouble from that source." SHOULD A MAN OFFER A WOMAN RUSSELL STOVER CANDY FOR V ADLAI STEVENSON Put your degree to work -PANELS ON WORLD AFFAIRS! Agree Castro Is Not Soviet Puppet EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the third in a series of article on dJcussions of world affairs held at the Over- seas Press Club last weekend. By KENNETH WINTER Managing Editor Special to The Daily NEW YORK - Whatever Fidel Castro may be, he's not just an- other puppet of Moscow. This was the general consensus in a panel of Latin America ex- perts presented during the sev- enth annual College Editors' Con ference. The panelists, most of them foreign' correspondents, also examined and 'criticized the Al- liance for Progress. Several of the correspondents observed that the Cuban premier and his subordinates have become concerned more with establishing Cuba as a stable, prosperous na- tion than with implementing Marxist ideology. Juan de Onis, New York Times Latin American correspondent, said there is a "more rational approach and a more critical attitude" toward Cuba's needs than before, an em- phasis on performance rather than on pledges of allegiance to Communist Ideals. "The highly, emotional elements of the revolu- tion have subsided to a consider- able degree," at least partly be- cause the initial fervor had led to ecenomically disastrous decisions, he remarked. Why Communism? The experts disagreed some- what on Castro's reasons for de- claring himself a Marxist-Leninist aligned with the Soviet Union. John Gerassi of Newsweek maga- zine argued that it was "because the United States reacted the way it did" after the revolution. "The only sure, incorruptible elite he could turn to was the Communist Party," Gerassi said. But Castro has tried to keep Cuba under his, not the party's, control, Gerassi contended. He cited the Cuban premier's March 1964 order which dismembered the party central committee because it was getting too strong. "Under the circumstances, what happened in Cuba couldn't have happened any other way. Had we negotiated with Castro, perhaps Cuba would be the unaligned Country Castro wanted it to be," Gerassi said. Local Enthusiasts Dan Kurzman of the Washing- ton Post attributed Castro's com- munism to enthusiastic pushing by Cuban Communists. "Local party members, afraid Castro would take the role of a Nasser, got to him with the idea that un- less Cuba, in effect, forced itself on Russia, the regime could not last." The Soviets, Kurzman claimed, are somewhat reluctant to' have the small, isolated and somewhat insecure Cuban regime identified as part of the Com- munist bloc, because they become' responsible for Cuba's problems. "Castro thinks he can use the Russians," but has become econo- mically dependent to the point that his greatest fear is that he may be abandoned by them. "Dur- ing the missile crisis, when the Russians pulled out their weapons, harly consulting Castro, this old fear came back," Kurzman said. Trials The panelists discounted the significance of the much-publiciz- ed trial and executions which fol- lowed the revolution. Prof. John Alexander of Columbia University, who was in Cuba around that time, said he "heard very little protest" there. "The trials didn't have all the guarantees of Anglo-Saxon jus- tice," but were not "trials like those in the French revolution. They were criminal, not political trials," Alexander said. "The American press did a miserable job of reporting them." DeOnis noted that Cuban in- tpllectuals have somewhat dis- couraged Castro from suppressing expected to work harder and put in unpaid hours; the middle class, most of which originally welcomed the revolution, "hates Castro" but can do nothing be- cause so many of its people have fled the country, Kurzman said.. 'I'd hesitate to put percentage figures on it, but that's roughly correct," John E. Pearson of Busi- ness Week magazine commented. DeOnis questioned whether class reactions are that uniform, but agreed that Castro has "no effec- tive opposition" in Cuba. Or outside: the panelists agreed that exile attempts to overthrow Castro will continue to be abor- tive. "Over 200 different exile groups each claim to be the true government," Kurzman noted. Negro Support He added that Cuban Negroes are overwhelmingly in favor of Castro because he has "given them privileges they'd not had be- fore." DeOnis also said that the mass- es have been incorporated into the governmental hierarchy as never before. "The organization covers urban areas almost block by block. It's a great pyramid that builds to the top--Castro's person, the sym- bol and voice of the revolution." Despite its mistakes, the Castro government has handled the Cub- an economy well in comparison to its predecessors, Alexander said. He cited the failure of Cuban democracy between 1940 and 1952 and the corruption of the Batista regime, asserting that the fact that Cuba "is not bad off, rela- tively speaking," is "despite, not because of, these governments. The failure of all pre-Castro gov- ernments was their failure to take any concern with thet economy," he commented. Controlled Economic development under Castro has necessarily been under' tight state control, Gerassi said. "No country can become develop- ed without rigid state planning. This is why 99 out of 100 Latin American intellectuals are, eco- nomically, Marxists," he argued. Thus, he asserted, "repressive measures" will be the rule among other Latin American nations seeking economic growth. But whether these measures will include either Castroism or other forms of Communism is another question. Castro himself is "not trying to export Communism as much as his own kind of revolu- tion," Kurzman declared. 'Take It Easy' And Moscow, he added, is con- cerned more with calming Castro's revolutionary zeal than with in- flaming it. "The USSR doesn't want a small island like Cuba to upset its peaceful coexistance pol- icy." Castro as a revolutionary "lost status tremendously" in the Cuban missile crisis, Alexander observed. "There are nationalists in Latin America who see the difference between nationalism and Commu- nism. They felt that Castro had delivered himself." The Soviet be- trayal left Castro feeling "a purer but no less strident nationalism," Alexander said. Cooling this nationalistic pas- sion has been a major goal of the United States' Alliance for Pro- gress program. But the panelists warned that, since the death of its founder, President John F. Ken- nedy, the Alliance has taken a turn for the worse. Dried Up Robert Goldman of Vision mag- azine, a Latin American publica- tion, voiced the sentiments of the group when he charged that the Alliance has become "a dry and no longer inspirational program of al- most pure economics." DeOnis declared himself "mild- ly optimistic" about the Alliance's future. He said the appeal of the Cuban revolution has declined in Latin America, and what appeal it has "is attributable almost en- tirely to the success of the Cuban revolution, not to the failures of the Alliance for Progress." New Imperialism David Littig of the United States National Student Associa- tion's international desk said that Latin American students "are in- terested in revolution-though not necessarily violent. So they look with suspicion upon the Alliance as a rebirth of conservatism and imperialism." This perception is quite accu- rate, Gerassi contended. The Al- liance "has taught the conserva- tive oligarchy how to present a facade. Not only has it failed in its declared aims, it has rein- forced the oligarchy," he declared. "The whole Alliance is earmark- ed for projects that will advance free enterprise. It was designed in terms of American thinking, which doesn't apply in Latin America." -finest quality laundry- RAINCOATS $2.00 craned and waterproofed A & P CLEANERS 312 E. Huron across from City Hat 668.9500 ai World News Roundup By The Associated Press WASHINGTON-The administration's far-reaching school-aid bill cleared its first obstacle in Congress yesterday, winning approval of a House education subcommittee. The $1.26-billion measure, aimed primarily at improving the educational opportunities of impoverished children, was endorsed by all six Democrats on the subcommittee. * * * * WASHINGTON - The State Department said yesterday the United States, Britain, France and the Soviet Union remain respon- sible for the reunification of Germany. The repetition of this longtime position was in reference to the statement by President Charles de Gaulle of France Thursday that the German problem is "essentially European." When the degree isfinall yours, what do you plan to d'o with t? You'll find that many good lobs require women wi h col- lebackgrounds. But they ofenrequire women wiih sec- retarial skills business knowledge, too. Will you have marketable skills? Katharine Gibbs School offers expert training in secretarial and busi- ness subjects; theCourse for College women takes just 8 months. 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"Cuba has, by compar- ison with any other Communist country, an extremely liberal cul- tural'policy," he said. Not Unusual So, because of Castro's unusual mixture of Communism and na- tionalism and the survival of many aspects of pre-Castro Cuba, "life in Cuba is not too different from life elsewhere in Latin Amer- ica,' deOnis said. Cuba still has its economic woes, John Wilhelm of the McGraw-Hill World News Service added. Fall- ing sugar prices have hurt, and a shortage of cane-cutters has mul- tiplied the problems of the is- land's main industry. The econ- omy "is not going to get much worse than it has been in past years - but it is not going to im- prdve much," Wilhelm predicted. Problems notwithstanding, Cas- tro's regime is securely in power, the panelists agreed. The poorest classes, whose condition has im- proved greatly under Castro, are solidly behind him, Kurzman said, estimating this group com- prises about 20 per cent of the populace. Workers Unhappy Other classes, he continued, are either acquiescent or powerless or both. The workers rather dislike the government because they are APARTMENT TO SUBLET FOR THIS SUMMER Here's How To Rent It Quick Through The Michigan Daily's "Apartment Appeal in Ann Arbor" Supplement C H E S T You can save yourself hundreds of dollars in wasted rent money by sublet- ting your apartment for the summer. The quickest and easiest way to sub- let your pad is through The Daily's special apartment supplement to be published Sunday, February 28th March 1st). (and distributed free around campus E U Uaiiia B'NAI B'RITH HILLEL FOUNDATION announces that For only five dollars you can place a one-column by four - inch advertise- At the Forum 726 S. State 3 Man Apt. for summer sublet. 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