. I 'C r 1101galt Patty Seventy-Fifth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVER TY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD iN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLIcATIoNS Each Time I Chanced To See Franklin D. College Editors and Dull Commercial Press by H. Neil Berkson dnions Are F 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, Mrc. Witt Prevail NEWs PHONE: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. SUNDAY, 31 JANUARY 1965 NIGHT EDITOR: MICHAEL SATTINGER Academy Cheating Penalty Should Fit Degree of Crime ONE CANNOT CONDONE, but one can empathize with the cadets who have recently been forced to resign from the Air Force Academy. Upwards of one hundred have been kicked- out so far. All of these cadets cannot have been guilty of the same de- gree of cheating. It is inconceivable that the uniform penalty-dismissal from the Academy-fits the different crimes in-, volved. It is a far cry from stealing and at- tempting to distribute examinations to refusing to reveal that one's friend had unsuccessfully tried to peddler one, for' instance. DISMISSAL was the correct action In the cases of those selling or buying exams. Cheating as blatant as that 'de- serves to be rewarded with the most se- vere punishment a university can mete' out. But who can condone this same ulti- mate penalty for those less actively in- volved? No one involved, however tangentially, should be excused. When anyone enters a college with an on-going honor system he accepts the conditions of that honor, system when he decides toattend. Aca- demic honesty should not be. subject to negotiation as social rules and terms of employment seem to be. ACCEPTING the university's ultimate authority in, this realm, however, should not be interpreted to mean that university officials should refuse to make the punishment fit the crime. Wouldn't a reprimand be closer to the degree of in- fraction in some cases than expulsion? Yet more is involved here than a uni- versity trying to uphold its academic integrity. The Academy is not an ordi- nary school, but the training ground of the future Air Force elite. Air Force offi-- cials may well argue that when honor is involved, especially the honor of a man whose country may place ultimate trust in him in the future, a breach is intoler- able. Perhaps a difference exists in the na- ture of the cadets' future responsibility that merits special, extreme action when his integrity is violated in any way. Nev- ertheless, their responsibility will not be any greater than that of Sen. Edward Kennedy, who allowed a friend to take a Spanish exam for him while he was at Harvard. This man may be a future presi- dent. PERHAPS HARVARD should have done more than merely suspending him for a semester or two. Perhaps an attempt should have been made to ruin his life. Perhaps. But judging (future) public officials' actions on a moral plane far above that of the society has long been a fault of American society. Apparently it will continue in the "great society.", For an honor code to work immoderate deviations must not be permitted to oc- cur without severe penalties. Minor in- fra tions can be treated apart from ma- j or violations, however, without destroy- ing the honor system. NON-MILITARY institutions, such as Oberlin College, manage to have a suc- cessful honor system without resorting to wholesale interrogation and universal dis- missal of those involved in a violation. Can the Air Force Academy?, -CAL SKINNER, JR. NEW YORK-Few groups are stranger than a bunch of college editors. Two hundred fifty of them are gathered here for the seventh annual conference on national and international affairs, and for the next few days University issues will be forgotten as the war on poverty, emerging Africa, the disintegrating Atlantic Alliance or Southeast Asia become a focus of discussion. This large collection of working journalists includes the crazy and the dull, the intelligent and the obnoxious. In the opening session on Friday night, the distinguished New York Times writer and editor, Harrison Salisbury, was left somewhat shattered by antagonistic editors on both the radical right and radical left. Salisbury, who' predicted the Sino-Soviet schism as far back, as 1959- long before any other observer of Soviet affairs, was openly accused of being "naive" by one college editor. NEVERTHELESS, in this encounter between the student and professional press, I am struck as I was last August at the Congress of the United States Student Press Association, by the tremendous vitality of the former as opposed to the relative sterility of the latter. The student press in the country has developed to a significant extent over the last 10 years. Individual newspapers have acquired a growing sophistication in both a technical and nontechnical sense. The achieve- ments of content are particularly important: college papers have learned to cover their campuses more thoroughly in depth and in breadth. The Daily serves as an example. As late as the early 1950's our paper did a very superficial job of covering the University, running a disproportionately, heavy amount of wire service news. Since 1953 The Daily has expanded coverage in all three major areas of the University: student rules and regulations, ad- ministrative policy and academic policy. At the same time, writers have moved to provide more, and more thorough news and editorial analysis of issues affecting the community. NEEDLESS TO SAY, we have not been without problems, but I cite these general trends only because they are indicative of the student press as a whole. Even as The Daily seeks to publish the meaningful course description booklet (in the most direct attempt yet to bring influence to bear on academic policy), other newspapers and newspaper editors are seeking to estab- lish seminar's in this area at the national level. The fact that there is a channel at the national level -the United States Student Press Association-is an- other indication of the growth of the college press. Non- existent three years ago, USSPA has grown from 20 to more than 200 papers and has given editors across the country a chance to exchange both ideas and information. The significance of the organization is that it was created and is run by students. These same students should have a significant impact on the worm- eaten commercial press within the next 15-30 years. The college press is growing: its professional counter- part is standing still. THE EVIDENCE condemns this professional press in every way. Readership is declining; sensationalism and distortion are the rule; protection of special interest is rampant; a commitment to finances dominates the editorial courage; superficiality blankets virtually every effort to explain important events. The so-called establishment of the commercial press -particularly dominated by the monopoly chain-leaves little room for self-correction. The world of big news- papers is primarily a status quo world. Certain excep- tions exist, but few college editors that I have known could accomplish much within this press without com- promising a good part of their integrity. The question then becomes whether or not the country can accept the commercial press as now con- stituted. Established papers may offer little opportunity \ for improvement, but there is little reason why new papers cannot and will not be formed. While the ex- penses of such an enterprise may be depressing, the need is overwhelming and will be met. Moreover, it will be met by college editors. They may not realize it yet, but many of them will foment no less than a revolution in the newspaper world. PRACTICAL PROBLEMS AND MOTIVATIONS: Various Environments of the Community College Interdisciplinary Hoax Flexibility describes the relation of the University and Flint Junior College THE "INTERDISCIPLINARY movement" is a big hoax. Or rather, it's not all it's claimed to be. Originally, the interdisciplinary move- ment, involving studies which cut across former academic divisions, was seen as the highest expression of the liberal edu- cation tradition. One must have a flexi- ble and unfettered mind to be able to work in two fields instead of just one. But something went wrong. Today, the interdisciplinary movement represents the most thorough specialization found in universities instead of the generaliza- tion it should be. THE REASON is as follows. Suppose we have field A and field B. Then our so- called interdisciplinary movement would yield A-ical B. (Note that we could also have B-ical A, but not both. For instance, there is mathematical economics, but, not economical mathematics.) But A-ical B consists not of A, B, and A and B, but only of A as applied to B. What comes out is the intersection of the fields A and B (that is, all studies common to both A and B, and thus specialization) instead of the union of A and B (that is, all studies which are a consequence of A or B or both together, and thus generalization). Certainly a course based on both A and B is justified, But it is academic superfluity to create a whole new field which is contained in both A and B. The fault does not lie with the pioneers. It was their ability to look at both A and B and see virgin territory in their union that led to the establishment of A-ical B. It is, instead, the fault of those followers who are unable'to see beyond the isolated corner of both A and B. AND THAT'S HOW IT GOES: a move in the direction of generalization becomes subverted and twisted into a move back to specialization. The Week in Review Third of Four Articles By LEONARD PRATT DESIRABLE as the many types of community colleges might be, there are nonetheless prac- tical problems involved in their organization and creation. There are also different motivations for the creation of different colleges, and they effect the type of in- stitution each eventually becomes. For example, Grand Valley State College is located in a relatively prosperous area and is close to several large cities, notably Grand Rapids and Muskegon. Given this environment, it is only natural that the college should empha- size the liberal artsucurriculum which it does, and exclude more vocationally oriented subjects. On the other hand, the proposed Cass County college is in an area with no outstanding industries or urban centers. So it is normal that the college's curriculum should. tend to vocational subjects. THE SPECIFIC outcome of dis- cussions on such topics as the site of the proposed college or the type of course to be emphasized is often the outcome of disagree- ments between locally influenti groups or individuals. Oakland county's community' college,' for instance, was established only af- ter a long civic battle between groups, each of which favored dif-' ferent sites and curricula. Sometimes the disagreements about the colleges have been on a jurisdictional level. An example is the proposed Gogebic Commun- ity College in Michigan's Upper Peninsula. A community college already exists in neighboring Iron County, and who is to say wheth- er or not that college is sufficient for the area's needs? The local level on which such issues are decided is emphasized In this case by the motivating lac- tor of two recent mine-closings in the area and the subsequent need for retraining many adults. DESPITE the widespread need for community college facilities (there are now some 20 counties in Michigan having more than 20,000 inhabitants but no college of any kind), there still remains a great deal of local inertia to- ward the creation of community colleges. Psychologically, it's much easier for the local community to ignore the matter altogether. Several of Michigan's already- Focus on the Undergraduate. existing institutions have taken it upon themselves to aid the solution of this problem either by setting up branches of the par- ent college in areas which need a community college or by them- selves offering courses to serve the local need. The state's example of the lat- ter is Michigan Technological Uni- versity at Houghton with its branch campus at Sault Ste. Ma- rie, both in the Upper Peninsula. The Upper Peninsula now has only one community college, the small- est in the state at Ironwood. The proposed Gogebic college would in- crease this number to two. AND SO, to aid this local need, Michigan Tech, while not down- playing its normal science and en- gineering curriculum, is offering courses normally found at a small community college. A liberal arts program is to be initiated at the Houghton cam- pus this fall and a four-year pro- gram in business administration will be begun at Sault Ste. Mari at the same time. AN EXCELLENT example of the branch solution to the communi- ty college problem is the Univer- sity's. branch at Flint, soon to be- come a four-year college. Flint had its own junior college for some time prior to the establish- ment of the University's branch there. But in 1954 many Flint citi- zens realized that even the pro- posed expansion of that college would leave the Flint area edu- cationally lacking. So Flint leaders invited the Uni- versity to establish an upper di- vision college (junior and senior years) at Flint to complement Flint's freshman-sopohomore col- lege. This was done in 1956, with the Flint community college of- fering the first two years and the University's branch the last two, of the total four-year curriculum. * * * YET EVEN this was not enough for Genesee County's burgeoning population (slightly under 400,- 000). So the Flint Board of Edu- cation requested the University to add the freshman and sophomore years to its branch, making it a complete four-year institution. Despite opposition, plans for ex- pansion are being completed. The University plans to enroll some 200 freshmen at Flint this fall. What we normally think of as functions of community colleges, therefore, are currently being han- dled by institutions which are, in fact, not much like community colleges. TUESDAY: T h e communi- ty college-an adequate solution to America's educational prob- lems? -MICHAEL SATTINGER Associate Managing Editor /I Consider the Passenger WHAT IS THE MATTER with American railways? Don't they ever consider the passenger? Despite all the negative thinking since the low period of 1958, railroad passenger service is still big business. The latest available figures show that in 1963 over. $1 billion was paid out for the use of pas- senger trains. In"1958, an Interstate Commerce Com- mission examiner, Harold Hosmer, pre- dicted, "If railroad passenger miles (oth- er than commuting) continue at the aver-_ age rate of reduction between 1947 and 1957, the parlor and sleeping-car service will have disappeared by 1965 and the coach service by 1975." H. NEIL BERKSON, Editor KENNETH WINTER EDWARD HERSTEIN Managing Editor Editorial Director ANN GWIRTZMAN ..............Personnel Director BILL BULLARD. ...... .....Sports Editor MICHAEL SATTINGER .... Associate Managing Editor JOHN KENNY .......... Assistant Managing Editor- IT IS OBVIOUS now that this prediction has been proven invalid. Since such is the case, let railway companies take note: The Ann Arbor train station is used probably as much as the bus station, yet it does not boast even the one porter that the bus station has. Moreover, the station is in disreputable condition. The one baggage cart looks like an unserviceable manure wagon. .Customers are actually discouraged not only by the appearance of the train station, but by the fact that the telephone is frequently out of order or else is left to ring unanswered. MOREOVER, although the bus station provides 24-hour information service', the train station closes at midnight, and after that it is necessary to call Detroit. Of course, the Ann Arbor station does not want you to feel that they are suffer- ing from any lack of business. So instead of spending their money to clean up the station, they run a two-car train back and forth in back of the station for no appar- ent purpose except perhaps to provide By JOHN KENNY Assistant Managing Editor and LOUISE LIND Assistant Editorial Director T HE ROLE OF the undergradu- ate in the University commun- ity-his educational and non-aca- demic experience - was the major focus of happenings here this week. The issue of the undergraduate ranged from "a proposal by Mich- igangState University President John Hannah to limit freshman- sophomore enrollment to 40 per cent of the total enrollment to the Office of Student Affairs discus- sions on granting apartment per- mission to junior women. Somewhere in between was a futile SGC effort to jump on the out-of-gas bandwagon of price hikes at the city's three Butter- field theatres. THE DETROIT-based firm, un- willing to meet with SGC, describ- ed by letter the reason for the $.25 admission increase: "Butter- field's management decision to raise prices in Ann Arbor was based solely on the economic fac- tors involved." So SGC urged more boycotts, attempted to make some form of cheap movies available, a n d agreed to contact the Regents urging them to get rid of the Uni- versity's stock in the company. In the meantime, even student activists seemed to forget about picketing the theatres, and other students kept flocking through in- creased-admission gates. A DECISION by the OSA on apartment permission for junior women is expected within 10 days, Vice-President for Student Affairs Richard L. Cutler said this week. But he strongly denied rumors that the decision was already made in favor of granting the permission. Currently senior women with parental consent and women over 21 have automatic apartment per- mission. Any change in the pres- ent policy would come too late to enable sorority women to move out of their houses. According to a poll taken by dations made to Cutler is a plan to extend key permission to jun- iors and allow those women with key permission to leave their resi- dences after closing. In a move that caused consider- asble consternation among mem- bers of the Assembly House Coun- cil, Director of Housing Eugene Haun issued a statement last week requiring executive officers of AHC to live in residence halls., AHC President Maxine Loomis, '65N, said, "It is unheard of for the administration to set qualifi- cations for members of AHC and other student organizations." Haun later said he didn't really mean the statement as an ulti- matum, but was concerned with its basic idea. * * * HANNAH'S proposal to limit undergraduate enrollment w a s made last week in his "State of MSU" message. He urged a 40 per cent limit on the ratio of fresh- man-sophomore to total enroll- ment. (The University's fresh- man-sophomore ratio is about 28 per cent.) MSU's undergraduate enroll- ment is presently a towering 82 per cent. (The University has 57 per cent and -Wayne State has 71 per cent undergrad enrollment.) Hannah wants the extra fresh- men and sophomores not admit- ted to be diverted to community colleges. But the state's 18 com- munity colleges - many of them barely off the ground-just can't handle the numbers Hannah's plan envisages. IN A SEEMING reversal, the newly-elected State Board of Edu- cation isn't presently concerned with the financial problems of the state's higher educational system. This is what Central Michigan President Judson Foust reported this week after a Lansing meeting of the state board and members of the Michigan Coordinating Council for Public Higher Educa- tion. Many members of the state board previously said they felt the board would either recommend individual institution's budgets to the governor (a plan favored by *,r&d~v4- fl NRrhr)nr ,v. AQiver a vague. And Foust's statement makes it even more cloudy. IFC stiffened its guilty verdict against Trigon fraternity, accused of religious discrimination by IFC two weeks ago, by setting a Sept. 1 deadline for revision of Trigon's ritual or face possible expulsion from the fraternity system. Another encouraging manifesta- tion of the growing concern for the undergraduate is the estab- lishment of a special student-fac- ulty-administrative committee to discuss the role of the undergrad at the University. The idea origi- nated from SACUA's Student Relations Committee. The committee intends to study the whole question of the desir- ability of student participation in University affairs. With Prof. Mar- vin Felheim of the English de- partment as tentative chairman, the committee will also be com- posed of undergraduates and grad- uate students. The committee wants to develop workable ma- chinery for presenting student grievances to the University. BERLIN ORCHESTRA: Kara an-Solid Display HERBERT VON KARAJAN and progressingly larger segments of the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra played a program of master- works last night in Hill Aud. From 1717 until his appointment as cantor at Leipzig in 1723, J. S. Bach was employed as court conductor by Prince Leopold of Anhalt-Coethen. This period produced the majority of Bach's secular works, among them the well-known Suites for Orchestra. Strings, continuo, and solo flute are used in the Second Suite. Containing a rewarding flute part, the only strict canon in the suites, and two of Bach's few Polonaises, this *ork is one of the best and most interesting of Bach's chamber music. * * * * ADOPTING the baroque practice of conducting from the harpsi- chord, Karajan led a small orchestra in a graceful and sensibly paced performance. Flute soloist Karl-Heinz Zoeller displayed a full-tone impressive technique, and sound musicianship. Mozart's Symphony 29 in A, K. 201, together with two other symphonies composed in late 1773, in contrast to the light "Italian" style of his earlier symphonies, is characterized by an increase in seriousness, more rigorous developmental procedures and broader slow movements. Considerably augmented in size, the Berlin Orchestra produced : . LETTERS: ,Aid Pla'"n Coverage To the Editor: A MOST ACTIVE schedule has delayed my writing Laurence Kirshbaum about The Daily ar- ticle regarding the Opportunity Award Program last September. The article is a comprehensive summary of this particular pro- gram, as well as the summer pre- college program which was con- ducted last summer.