Of4rffl-mian Uall Seventy-Sixth Year EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS POWE??S' y a Rr .r ~ "aN Nw: nd Mexico i"' ~::.Youet Trvel I Broaenin POERY y MRK . KLLIGSW.T .{Y' . ..h'. "..* . . . . . . . . I4 0=0!01_7w Trt pinl re Fre 420 MAYNARD ST., ANN ARBOR, MiCH. ?rutbWtfl revaP NEws PHONE: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the inidividual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. TUESDAY, MAY 17, 1966 NIGHT EDITOR: SHIRLEY ROSICK Ohio State Lantern: Time for a New Light THE AMAZING THING is that anyone would find the Ohio State Lantern destructive enough to want to control it. The Lantern does not cover in depth areas which are vitally sensitive to the administration, nor is it the type of paper to go on crusades. Its editors change once every three months, and it is phys- ically small. Limited to journalism students, it is, quite simply, a laboratory paper, dedi- cated to learning and practicing objec- tive journalism, whose writers and editors receive university credit and grades as such for their work on the Lantern. The paper's credo is "Service to the Univer- sity." AND YET, a recent faculty investiga- tion-culminating in the Kettler re- port-acknowledges noticeable "pressure" and "administrative oppression" concern- ing the contents of the Lantern. Dean of student relations, John Bonner, is cit- ed (from another source) as explicitly contacting the Lantern to object to the printing of an article which dared to rec- ognize a student organization distasteful to the OSU administration. And, Ohio State President Novice G. Fawcett last summer instituted a quar- terly budget review so that he might meet with the head of the journalism school every three months to allocate Lantern funds in accordance with a "re- view of its performance." On the one hand, such actions brand the OSU administration, at least at the top, as a figurehead one. No university president with enough inherent power to warrant self-respect would waste his time day after day making public statements such as "I can't remember a specific in- stance when the Lantern hasn't present- ed both sides of a story, but I'm sure there have been lots of them," unless his job consisted of making sure some sort of picture is being painted for someone and little else. Perhaps his constant cry that the Lantern "prints too much of the bad side and not enough of the good side of the university," says it best. MICHIGAN with an undergraduate pop- ulation of 15,000 received 39 Woodrow Wilson fellowships this year. OSU with about 30,000 undergraduates received two. Yet, President Fawcett is worried about the Lantern. But then, I remember Fawcett's refer- ence to "a few unfortunate appointments we made from an Eastern school," and look at the one-newspaper, reactionary environs of Columbus, and shudder and hurriedly seek shelter in the smallness of the subject of the Lantern (the problems of a university in Columbus are dealt with quite well in Eric Solomon's "Free Speech at Ohio State" in November's Atlantic magazine-must reading for anyone who believes it can't happen here). BUT AS FOR THE LANTERN, it is caught in the middle. It is too honest to suit the tastes of the OSU administra- tion, and, whether the student body real- izes it or not, it is too tame to fulfill their needs. No matter how strong the editorials may sound, no matter how un- afraid some of the news stories may seem, when you have a newspaper a) within the university structure itself, and b) ded- icated to the process of journalistic teach- ing, then you have a bulletin board, al- beit a very good one-but not a voice. The reason for objection a is a fairly obvious one. Whenever you have a group of people operating within an institution -be it one newspaper within another's building, or a school of journalism with- in a university administration's domain- you cannot have complete freedom. A word here, a friendship there, a salary Editorial Staff CLARENCE FANTO ...................... Co-Editor CHARLOTTE WOLTER .................... Co-Editor BUD WILKINSON ...................Sports Editor BETSY COHN..... ........... Supplement Manager NIGHT EDITORS: Meredith Eiker, Michael Heffer, Shirley Rosick, Susan Schnepp, Martha wolfgang. Business Staff SUSAN PERLSTADT..............Business Manager raise, a promotion, a pat on the back in the hall, or a grade-it all adds up, and it certainly doesn't have to be explicit. The result is that certain "stories"-. personal ties, overlapping interests (much in abundance at OSU), basic power and influence structures (who actually runs Ohio State? Fawcett? the Trustees? the governor? the Dispatch? and why?) - are not brought to print, and certain im- plicit editorial viewpoints become more readily at hand than others. THE POWER of a newspaper lies in its agenda-making function - deciding what is to be read and what is not to be presented. The process of selection is subtle and implicit, but it is the heart of a newspaper. Because it is a part of the institution which it has been assigned the function of examining, it can never suc- ceed. There are worlds at OSU which the Lantern will never bring to light. Nor is the Lantern itself, as everyone at OSU seems to be forgetting, even dedi- cated to that process. The journalism school and its students are interested in running a newspaper for its own sake, and, in doing so, learning about the newspaper business. The Lantern outlook is not one of re- form, but rather one of covering a test area and learning process for its own sake. AS SUCH, the aim and realm of the Lantern, as the journalism department and journalism students to whom it be- longs see it, is fine-but it is not signifi- cant to the Ohio State campus as a whole. Thus, the fumes and furor over administration control of the Lantern are merely attacking symptom, not the basic problem of student representation. The OSU administration has been more than reticent where the question of stu- dent voice is involved. Often unwilling to talk to students, guarding the inner ad- ministrative mechinations from sight, bragging about the number of students on "advisory" committees while shutting those students off from the information and decision-making flow, the OSU ad- ministration has laid no foundation for student participation. "Student govern- ment" at Ohio State is such a farce that nearly 45 per cent of the student body voted in the last election to abolish it. A stiff univerE7ty power structure has refused to recoglize that, quite simply, students are also an interest group, and quite a capable interest group at that. And, when such an interest group is de- nied a voice through normal channels, it must find new ones-the visible public protest, for one. Or, for another, an on- going, strong, and above all independent organ of unfraid but objective student re- porting. THE LANTERN is an excellent paper- but it is not a student newspaper, nor can it ever be strong or independent enough. As the Cincinnati Enquirer put it, the Lantern "will go on being a lab- oratory newspaper" under its new depart- ment head, with varying degrees of ad- ministration influence. But for the student body as a whole, a new newspaper must be formed. Printing by the off-set method is not prohibitively expensive, and there may be even one or two courageous advertisers. The recent demonstrations have at least somewhat shattered the unfortunately inaccurate image of OSU as an agriculture-engineer- ing factory. If there are enough people with the in- terest and energy to carry on two full- scale fights in two years, there must cer- tainly be enough people from the various fields of study who are interested enough in speaking their piece to put out a news- paper. There are always off-campus base- ments (many abandoned by old anarch- ists) available for press rooms. OF COURSE, Columbus' only evening newspaper will label the new paper's editors as Communists or Communist dupes, and half the town will believe it (another quarter will know it-boat-rock- ing is not popular in Columbus), some rule will be devised to keep the paper off cam- pus for a while (with enough national publicity this rule will fall), and various university personnages will refer to the editors as "schoolboy Horace Greeleys Special To The Daily CIUDAD J U A R E Z, Mexico - Travel broadens. In fact, it broadens even before the traveler (in this case, to Cen- tral America) has really left. It's quite a jolt for him to compare the campuses of the University and the University of New Mexico, located at Albuquerque, where his trip begins. THE UNM CAMPUS, though it may evoke the traditional colleg- iate dreams of oak and ivy, is in reality one of sand, sunshine and an occasional sombrero. The jour- nalism bui 1d in g,rsurprisingly enough, looks like a frontier out- post from the days of the Alamo and Kit Carson. The biggest surprise of all, how- ever, comes when one visits some of the sororities (yes, the Wild West does have sororities). The surprise is the delightful abode/ pueblo style architecture of the Kappa house (and, for that mat- ter, of the rest of them). It's in- eredibly in congress and a far cry from Ann Arbor's Delphic tem- ples, but it has a charm all its own. TRAVEL NOT only broadens- it amuses. After a brief inspection of his documents and automobile, a gruff scribble of green chalk and application of several seals and customs stickers, the visitor is finally and officially in Mexico. Juarez - named after Benito Juarez, the first full-blooded In- dian to become Mexico's president (in the 1850's)--is right across from El Paso. As such it acquires most of the attributes of border towns anywhere-plus a special repulsive quality all its own. FOR, AS ONE finds out quickly here, everything is cheap. Food? The visitor can find a meal which will challenge the most capacious (and the most cast-iron) stomach for less than 20 pesos (one peso equals eight cents). Souvenirs? Everything f r o m sleazy knives and shoddy clothing to hideous portraits of Jackie Kennedy and Jesus Christ. Serv- ice? Unemployed and hungry Mexicans will open your car door for you, carry your bags and shine your shoes for 50 centavos or so- less than a nickel. For years, however, one of the biggest industries here and in many other border towns was liquor. Tequila sells for about $5 a gallon-yes, per gallon, not per fifth-which would always conjure up enthusiasm from college stu- dents, lushes and almost every other American close to the border who tried to mix alcohol and economy. IT WAS beautifully simple, and simply beautiful. You don't even need tourist cards to get into Juarez for less than a day-and as a result thousands of Ameri- cans became smalltime liquor im- porters for themselves and their friends. They would arrive in Juarez early in the morning, load up, go back to the U.S.,wait until the border officials changed shifts, and go back again. You could im- port liquor this way all day. Then, however, tragedy struck. The U.S., worried over its growing balance-of-payments problem, de- cided to cut the legal liquor max- imum its citizens could bring back per month of foreign travel with- out duty from 1 gallon per person to 1 quart. Any excess hard stuff got a tax of nearly $11 a quart slapped on it. Overnight, scores of booming Mexican border towns turned into depressed areas. As a result of the new liquor laws, the visitor tends to try to enjoy his tequila in Mexico rather than pay through the nose to try to get it back into the U.S. And therein lies a story. PULLING INTO Juarez in the early evening, and hungry after a long drive, the writer headed immediately for a restaurant. Te- quila was available at the bar for three pesos (24 cents) a glass, which seemed absurdly low, and, since this would be his first te- quila and since it is more or less the national drink (second only to Pepsi and Coca-Cola), it seemed the thing to order. So the waiter brought to the table a small glass full of a clear liquid, a plate of lime sections and another small glass full of thick, red liquid which looked vaguely like tomato juice. And then walked away. The clear liquid, I quickly sur- mised, was tequila. The red liquid, I remembered from a Playboy ar- ticle I had read several months ago, was probably sangrita, a mix- ture of rtomato juice. a sort of Worcestershire sauce and one of those unanalyzeable Mexican hot sauces. But I felt the slightest twinge of apprehension. What to do with all this stuff? THE COMPOSITION of san- grita was about the only thing I could remember about tequila from Playboy, having devoted most of my attention in the mag- azine to other considerations. On the other hand, the only other memory I'd had of tequila was of bullfight movies, where the old toreador would clonk into the local bar, cut open a lime with a stiletto (which he for some rea- son would then stick into the bar), suck at a lime, drink some tequila and then have a pinch of salt. (Occosionally, in true High Noon style, some senorita would try to talk him out of carrying through with the bullfight, but I couldn't count on that happening to me in the restaurant.) But nothing about sangrita. It was a terrifying situation. I didn't want to make a fool out of myself by asking a waiter how to procede (and it wouldn't have done me any good to try, since all the Spanish I knew was in my Berlitz handbook, which was at the hotel.) I DIDN'T SEE any Americans to ask. And I could scarcely sit. and do nothing. Well, I decided to take the bull by the horns, so to speak. I sucked hard at a lime, swallowed all the tequila, added a pinch of salt and then swallowed all the sangrita. So far, so good. Downed like a true toreador. Then I looked at one of the waiters, who was looking at my table. He winced. Well, it was pretty clear I had committed a terrible faux pas (to mix metaphors and languages). I would have to try over again, so I ordered another tequila. And I sat and thought. It seemed doubtful, on reflec- tion, that youdswallow everything at once. That must have been why the waiter winced - those crude Americans, never bothering to sa- vor fine gustatory experiences. So I repeated the same process (lime- tequila-salt-sangrita), only taking little sips this time. AGAIN, I WAS quite pleased. Then I looked over at one of the other tables and saw someone else having a tequila. But he didn't seem to be using any limes. Maybe, I thought, when you have sangrita (I still couldn't re- member any link between the tor- eador-tequila sequence and the Playboy-sangrita description), you squeeze some of the lime into the tequila. So I did, having te- quila, salt and sangrita in that or- der. Then the waiter came by and took my salt shaker to another table which didn'tkhave one. Oh, no, I thought. Maybe you don't use salt at all, except when you have tequila bullfighter-style? Back to the drinking board. ,BY THIS TIME I was getting very tense. My intellectual abili- ties (not to say my physical capa- cities) were being challenged. When I got the next tequila I nervously poured everything into everything else and gulped it all down. No, that wasn't right either. One of the waiters seemed to be snickering at me. Try again. Now I was considerably more re- laxed, but far more confused. With what was left of my specula- tive powers, I came to the horri- ble realization that - assuming you used each of the four items in sequence - there were 24 pos- sible ways of drinking tequila, on- ly one of them the right one. Then I remembered, dimly, that thanks to the waiter I might elim- inate tequila. That would cut the problem down considerably. But then I remembered the limes. You don't use them either? Or maybe the guy at the other table was wrong? I DON'T REMEMBER how long after that it took to hit on the right answer. For that matter, I don't remember how I made It back to the hotel. But I succeeded at both. The right way to drink tequila? Actually I'd rather not say. The Mexican ambassador told me later that disclosing it would really make the Juarez a depressed area. Book Review: Midwestern Megalopolis Megalopolis Formation in the Midwest By Richard L. Meier Department of Conservation School of Natural Resources University of Michigan EDITOR'S NOTE: Ivan Alten is a member of the American In- stitute of Architects and Is asso- ciated with Architects and City Planners, Ltd., in Ann Arbor. By IVAN ALTEN MEGALOPOLIS Formation In The Midwest by Richard L. Meier is an extremely challenging and often aggravating study. The emergence of a dense urban set- tlement from Toronto to Chicago stirs the imagination, but at the same time the document is an- noying because Dr. Meier took 13 different studies and tried to unite these into a single logical unit. It didn't come off too success- fully. The various styles of ex- pressions, depths of understand- ing, and degrees of research in the individual reports may have been well rounded but individually became awkward when reshuffled into a single document. If he had left the individual re- ports each in its particular style, the study would have read more easily and the reader could have used his own matrix to tie them together. Some subjects are re- ported in great depth, others are far too sketchy or groping and leave too many questions unans- wered. DR. MEIER STATES in his in- troduction: "The procedure in this in- stance was to combine forces with thirteenadvanced students from ten different departments in the University. Together we reviewed the macroscale data (population, industrial activity, area of settlement, mainline transport routes, etc.), and con- sidered the local impact of me- galopolitan functions. The ap- proach was holistic in concep- tion rather than comprehensive. "At this stage Alan B. Back- ler, Richard Botti, Thomas A. Crandall, Howard Deardorff, Elwood Holman, Robert G. Johnston, Kenneth M. Karch, Tom Maher, Margaret Maki, Walter L. McPartlin, Patrick Pruchnik, Charles Turofsky and Joann Vanek were involved. "Later I undertook a synthe- sis of these reports, filling in the gaps, checking references, and integrating it with the new- est discussions of urbanism. In this effort, I was assisted by Ralph A. Luken, who handled the editing and publication stages." colored lights, like the colored marbles on a Chinese Checker board, seem to be located accord- ing to some logical means. The darker areas with street lights only (or the really dark rural spots) form the background into which the patterns are set. Old ribbon developments reach from one brightly ilt spot to the other. One more pattern emerges, the superhighway system with the white headlights of the moving cars showing movement in one di- rection and the red taillights sig- naling the opposite direction. We are flying over a phenomenon never known to man before: me- galopolis. WHY IS THIS different from the past? Because "Data concerning the size and location of settlements are oor- ganized by the concept of cen- tral place theory. This theory says that ideally several vill- ages will depend upon a town in their midst for services they are individually unable to support with local demand, similarly se- veral towns will depend upon a city, and a handful of cities will have an analogous relation- ship to a metropolis. "By extrapolation, then, sev- eral metropolises in proximity to each other may be expected to elevate the metropolis most accessible to the whole group to a primate status. The primate metropolis no longer adds "tree- rings" of incremental growth at the periphery as in the nine- teenth century. "Instead, it promotes an ex- tension of the ribbons and is- lands of urbanism that follow in the wake of new transport facilities, particularly along those lines that connect it with the closest metropolises. "The c h a r a c t e ristics of growth are different from those of smaller, more isolated "cen- tral places." The essentially con- tiguous cluster formed by met- ropolitan interaction will be called a megalopolis." ONE OF THE most intriguing parts of the document deals with the question of population density and with the type of settlement which can be expected to appear on the Toronto-Chicago line. "Dispersed urban settlement is a phenomenon associated since 1950 with the vast in- crease in rural non-farm hous- ing, p a r t - t i m e agriculture, "winterization" of s u m m e r homes, and mobile home courts. It implies multiple car owner- ship in the household, a strong preference for residential space, and a leapfrogging of industrial automobiles from late 1953 and continuing through 1965 must be attributed in large part to a transition from the family car tradition associated with subur- ban ways of life to the personal car pattern which is much more a feature of dispersed urban settlement. "Multiple car households need more space, otherwise the con- gested roads would become ex- tremely annoying to residents. The increased levels of auto ownership serve as a predictor of housing demand a few years hence; it suggests that many more people will choose spa- cious living in the, next few decades. "FROM THIS indirect evi- dence, as well as a sampling of the preferences of "stylesetters of the future" which is reported upon later, we have assumed that 70 per cent of the added population between now and 1981 will adopt one of the var- ious dispersed urban ways of life. An average of 1000 persons per square mile seems to fit the necessary compromise between income, access, and freedom from crowding. The remainder will extend the boundaries, of suburbs and smaller cities with gross densities averaging about 4000 persons per square mile." THE MOST IMPORTANT ques- tion presented is that of the po- tential structure of such a vast complex of communities. Center by center, the role has to change. The predictions for Ann Arbor- Ypsilanti may not be too revolu- tionary, but as a part of the total picture, they are very important: "The largest graduate and professional school in the world is forced to expand much fur- ther due to inadequate capacity in other state institutions. Ann Arbor's function as a national research center, a major focus for the creative arts, and a pro- ducer of tools for automation attracts many short term vis- itors, a large share of them seeking outdoorsrecreation to the north as a bonus. "A 5 per cent year growth rate in population, mostly of high educational attainment, is not unlikely. No other metropolitan center on the mainline ap- proaches the dynamism exhibit- ed here." THE WHOLE STUDY opens up vistas, relationships, an analysis of modern man and what he de- mands from his environment as well as what he must contribute to provide the mode of life he wants. The signs which point to solutions are here and visible to anyone who cares to look. It certainly is as Dr. Meier says, a holistic collection of essays, but it had to be such. The possibilities it points out sentence by sentence keep hounding the reader and are really frightening. How far we have come in a few decades from the man still closely dependant on nature, from the man still part destructive but still very much part) of an understandable ecol- ogy-to a creature who allegedly will be able to control most of his environment. I DON'T THINK this is really possible, but it is worth trying since there seems to be little else we ca~n do until lemming-like we all march back to the sea. I + } Y ,-0 2 . . 4, 1 1fY 3 .. ,~2'74 :.h'