TUESDAY, MAY 10, 1966 THE MICHIGAN nnii.V "AtIv mmys"Wir TUESDAY, MAY 10, 1966L aTa a, as a \" f1 Balts PL~ F( a U. rA E HRE ; ; China Explodes Device; IBomb SMay Be Hydroger .Raise Doubts!' about Type, Of Explosioll Peking Test Attempt To Block U.S.-Soviet Weapons Monopoly T'OKYO (A")-Communist China set off a' nuclear blast yesterday s containing "thermonuclear mater- ial," Radio Peking announced yes- terday. Without saying so, the Chi- nese seemed to be suggesting they had exploded their first hydrogenp bomb. But the Japanese Meteorological Agency reported no abnormal at- mospheric pressure following the blast and a spokesman said: "Therefore, we don't believe that hydrogen bomb of a megaton class." Await Evaluation In Washington, State Depart- 4 ment press officer Marshall Wright SECRETARY OF STATE DEAN said the device was "in the same general range" as the two prev tions Committee hearing in Was ous Chinese atomic bomb explo- sions set off over the past two years. 11 "Further evaluation must await the collection and analysis of the k debris in the atmosphere," Wright; said. Wright made no mention of aI V ietn thermonuclear device, although Washington has said previously the next Chinese blast might be a WASHINGTON W) - SecretaryI hydrogen bomb. of State Dean Rusk said yester- Tested in Air day he is confident there will be 4 A broadcast in English said the elections in South Viet Nam next device was shot off over western September in a first step toward areas of China. But a Chinese constitutional government. language domestic broadcast de- Rusk added he does not believe; Glared the test was made in the the government's ruling generalsx air, leaving the implication a plane will stand in the way of eventual dropped the bomb. civilian rule. And he expressed Said a statement in English belief the country's rulers are not broadcast by the New China News trying to postpone elections. Agency: "At 4 p.m. Peking time on Ky Misinterpreted May 9, 1966, China successfully He said reports that Premier conducted ocer its western areas Nguyen Cao Ky has declared he a nuclear explosion which contai- will remain In power for at leasti ed thermonuclear material." another year have been misin- Washington said the test site terpreted to mean that the top was remote Sinkiang Province of man in the governing council of ' China's northweste, an area next generals is going back on promises to the Soviet Union rich in uran- to hold elections this year. ium. This is where the first two . .r ,n n c ,f Kosygin Set'. To Reach Egypt Today Russian Leader Due In Cairo To Attempt To Seek Alignment CAIRO ()-Premier Alexei N Kosygin arrives in Egypt today on a mission apparently aimed at drawing the United Arab Repub- lic's hard-pressed president, Gam-, al Abdel Nasser, closer to the So- viet camp. In his quiet way, Kosygin is ex- pected to try to woo Nasser away from nonalignment - an effort that could lead to an important realignment of East-West force in the Middle East. This normally would be a tough proposition. Nasser considers him- self one of the leaders of the non- aligned camp and even Nikita. Khrushchev, with all his bluster- ing powers of persuasion when he was premier, could not budge Nas- ser. But the timing could not be better for such a mission now. The nonaligned camp in the Middle East, Africa, and around the world has been split by dis- sension and clashing ambitions. Themnonaligned nations, who first met with a fanfare at Ban- dung 11 years ago, are so splinter- ed today they have trouble rally- ing for a quorum for the confer- ences that were their favorite exer- cises in the past. And Nasser has been left, in effect, with no effec- tive camp to lead. Nasser also has practically no place to turn for the economic as- Gistance he needs. U.S. aid now f° limited to short-term surplus food programs and obviously pegged on his good behavior. Nasser would jeopardize his po- sition in the nonaligned camp If he were -to make peace with the Western "colonialism and imper- ialism" he and other nonaligned leaders traditionally denounce. The Russians, too, have thei problems of unity. The Moscow- Peking split has increased pressure on the Kremlin to forge new poli- tical line-ups. President Tito of Yugoslavia who visited Cairo last week, ap- pears to support the new Krem- lin line that is shaping up. While professing firm adherence to a policy of nonalignment, he appear- ed, in fact, to be paving the way for Kosygin. In a parting news conference statement Saturday, Tito said he and Nasser "studied how nonalign- ed countries could play a more ef- fective role in the international field through constant contacts and bilateral consultations." In diplomatic jargon, that is the closest he could come to admit- ting that the theory and princi- ples of nonalignment had proved ineffective, and closer tie-ups among like-minded nations were the only answer. NEW DELHI (P)-India report- ed yesterday ominous signs of Communist Chinese troop move- ments near its northern border and said that on the Pakistan front there had been 14 "incidents" and some firing. Defense Minister Y. B. Chavan told Parliament that China had concentrated troops in Chinese- controlled Tibet near the border with Bhutan and Sikkim, two small Himalayan mountain states now under Indian protection. Intrusions Chavan said the Chinese had built roads leading to Bhutan and have sent out patrols. He did not mention any border infractions. But on the Pakistan-India fron- tier, there had been 14 intrusions, air space violations or firing in- cidents since March 15, he said. The minister said six of the al- leged infractions occurred in Kash- mir, the Himalayan state where the 18-year-old India-Pakistan CLASHES FEARED: India Warns Chinese May Be Massing Troops on Border conflict escalated into a three- week war last September. Accuses China Four violations took place in the desert-like Rajasthan State, a sec- ond major combat zone last fall and others occurred in eastern sectors of Tripura, Assam and West Bengal, Chavan said. He did not mention any Indian casualties. Chavan said protests had been lodged with Pakistan. It was the first time in months that India has charged China and Pakistan with border provocations Prime Minister Indira Gandhi'; government charged that China had "obsessive hostility" toward India and was suppressing the people of Tibet. Desire China Membership But the government reiterated its desire for China to be admitted to the United Nations. Foreign Minister Swaran Singh told Parliament that UN member- ship for China in the long run Order Halt in Shipments Of Explosives to Saigon would have a "sobering" effect oin its leaders. Turning to Indian-U.S. relations about reports that Washington plans to resume-military aid to Pakistan. The United States helped arm Pakistan, but halted all but "non- lethal" assistance after the India- Pakistan war last September. World News Rouindlip By The Associated Press WASHINGTON- United States Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge arrived late yesterday for con- sultations with President John- son and top state and defense au- thorities on the political-military situation in Viet Nam. Flying in after a one-week stop., over in Boston, the. ambassador waved aside newsmen at National Airport. He said he would let the State Department be his spokes- man. Officials estimated Lodge would remain here four to five days be- fore heading back to Saigon. * * * SAN'A, Yemen-Secret elections to pick a rebel national assembly in the South Arabia Federation have been underway since April 15, a spokesman for the South Arabia Liberation Front says. He said in the Yemen capital of San'a that the rebel parliament, including military leaders, labor- ers, farmers and tribal chiefs, would meet in Yemen during late May. The elections are being held "away from the eyes of the British authorities in the federation," it was added. The liberation front has vowed to force the British out of Aden and the South Arabia Federation, a British protectorate made up of about 17 small Arabian states. -Associated Press RUSK is shown awaiting questions during a Senate Foreign Rela- ;hington. ices Conf i dence a-mese Election1s step. Rusk argued that Ky's state-I ment referred to elections for aj National Assembly. He contended Ky was saying merely that that balloting would not come until next year after a constitution and election laws are adopted. September rlection "Some interpretations may have been overdrawn," he said of re- ports on the Ky statement. "I think there will be an elec- tion for a Constituent Assembly in September. Rusk said the Ky regime is moving toward these elections now "I don't know of anyoue out there who has indicated that the govern- ment is not proceeding," he said. But Rusk offered no forecast of the ,timetable for a shift of civil- ian government in the Southeast Asia war theater. Debate Continuesj He came armed with a legal brief arguing that there is ample ground within international law for the American stand in the As- ian war. Demands Inquiry Sen. Wayne Morse (D-Ore) fired back a demand that the committee hold a public inquiry into the le- gality of the American position. Morse, a persistent foe of Amer- ican involvement in the Vietna- mese struggle, insisted the U.S. is "acting outside the law." For 3% hours, the debate swirl- ed around the roots of American involvement, the treaties, resolu- tions and diplomatic decisions that led to the commitment of more than 250,000 American fighting men. Ky's weekend remarks about the government of South Viet Nam added a new ingredient. U.S. Confident WASHINGTON (A') - Secretary of State Dean Rusk has personally ordered a halt in United States aid shipments of a highly explo- sive rubber chemical compound when his investigators reported the shipments may have been di- verted to the Viet Cong for terror attacks. The incident was reported by official sources yesterday as Rusk and Foreign Aid Administrator David E. Bell were questioned by the Senate Foreign Relations Committee on misuses of Ameri- can assistance. The chemical compound im- ported by Saigon businessmen un- der the commercial import pro- gram of the Agency for Interna- tional Development first attracted the attention of investigators last February. It was noted that only about half a million rubber-soled tennis shoes had been turned out from imports of Unicel-100 manufactur- ed by the Dupont de Nemours Co., but the quantity ordered was enough for between eight million and nine million tennis shoes. In March the chemical was test- ed by the U.S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory and found to be highly explosive on impact. On April 3, Deputy Inspector General Howard E. Haugerud in Saigon cabled a recommendation that further ship- ments of Unicel be suspended and the following day recommenda- tions were made to the aid agency that further shipments be halted. On April 20, Rusk took a rarely used action 'and exercised his authoriay to order the suspension of the suspect item. Within three hours orders were sent to all points involved that no more deliveries of the material were to be made. Unicel was found to have about the same explosive qualities as TNT. The investigation by the inspec- tor general's staff was part of a general effort under way to tight- en up on the black market opera- tions, illicit currency operations and outright diversions of U.S. aid material to the Viet Cong. Aid invesigators reported a turret lathe was seized by Viet Nam police on intelligence information when a sampan was captured near Saigon with suspected Viet Cong aboard. The lathe was ^ap- able of being used to machine bore rifle barrels. Every Student Who Asks "WHAT'S HAPPENING AT HILLEL THIS TERM" ... tests were conducted. The first device was exploded Oct. 16, 1964, and the second May 14, 1965. The first was believed set off atop a tower while the second may have been dropped from a plane. The first was described by the United States as a primitive device with an explosive force of about 20,000 tons of TNT. The sec- ond was slightly more powerful. Doubt Affect Secretary of State Dean Rusk told the Senate Foreign Relations Committee in Washington he doubted the third blast would af- fect the international situation any more than did the other two. But Peking made propaganda of the newest blast, asserting China was conducting "limited nuclear tests and developing nuclear weap- ons to oppose the nuclear black- mail and threats by U.S. imper- ialism and its collaborators." Oppose U.S. Peking declared the Chinese tests were designed "to oppose the U.S.-Soviet collusion for maintain- ing nuclear monopoly and sabotag-' ing the revolutionary struggles of all oppressed peoples and nations." "The Chinese people's possession of nuclear weapons," Peking said "is a great encouragement to the peoples who are fighting heroical- ly for their own liberation as well as a new contribution to the de- fense of world peace." Premier Chou En-lai declared the U.S. will not be able to pull out of China if a war, conven- tional or nuclear, broke out on the mainland between the two countries. In a four-point policy statement on the U.S., Chou also said if the U.S.-China war broke out, "it will have no boundaries." Two other points made by Chou were: "China will not take the ini- tiative to provoke a war with the U.S." and "the Chinese mean what they say." Chou said "should the U.S. im- pose a war on China, it can be said with certainty that, once in China, the U.S. will not be able to pull out, however many men it may send over and whatever weap- ons it may use, nuclear weapons included. "Since the 14 million people of Southern Viet Nam can cope with over 200,000 U.S. troops, the 650 million people of China can un- doubtedly cope with 10 million of them." nus, ,,giaricing aL a i rnscr pL U Ky's press conference - which he acknowledged could be incomplete -said Ky had not declared elec- tions for a National Assembly would be postponed. Constituent Assembly "The most immediate election is an election for a Constituent Assembly," Rusk said. He said that would choose a constitution-draft- ing body, A National Assembly, with leg- islating power, would be a future Is Invited to a Planning Meeting TOMORROW AFTERNOON, WED., MAY 11 3:30 P.M.1 1429 HIl1 5-66 } VOLXSWAGLN OF AM EICA, I& Rusk said Viet Nam is in a Rusk told Fulbright that the situation like that which faced the United States does not seek to dic- infant American Republic before tate the shape of a future civilian the United States Constitution was government. Fulbright said Rusk written, has declared such a government Rusk testified in the glare of could not be Communist. television lights at an explosive "I didn't say they couldn't be," renewal of the Senate Foreign Re- Rusk said. He said he is confident lations Committee's internal de- South Viet Nam would not choose bate about U.S. policy in Asia. a Communist regime. Terrorists Wound 6 in Saigon SAIGON (P)-A roaring terrorist blast believed to have been from a Claymore mine ripped through a downtown intersection early today in front of a United States mili- tary billet. A gun battle followed First reports said five Vietna- mese and one American were wounded either in the explosion or in the gun fight. The street shooting was still go- ing on nearly an hour after the explosion. Follows U.S. Attack U.S. and Vietnamese troops and police, some armed with machine guns and automatic weapons, con- verged on the scene and moved along one of the main boulevards apparently in the direction in which the terrorists fled and per- haps were holed up. The explosion followed yester- day's U.S. warplane attack close to Hanoi and Haiphong which met unusually heavy challenges from Soviet-built antiaircraft missiles and a weak thrust from two Com- munist fighter planes 35 miles from Red China's frontier. Blast Viet Sites Throughout the day, the Air Force Thunderchiefs and F-100 Super Sabres, along with the Navy Skyhawks from the carrier Ranger flew 51 missions against missile sites, bridges, and key highways in North Viet Nam. Thunderchief pilots blasted the Thai Nguyen railroad yard 35 miles north of Hanoi, reporting de- struction of 12 rail cars, crater- ing the yard and cutting the rails in eight places. Destroy Bases The U.S. command reported the missile bases were destroyed Sun- day 12 miles north-northwest of Haiphong, North Viet Nam's chief port, by U.S. Navy A4 Skyhawks; and 30 miles north-noreast of Ha- noi, the capital, by U.S. Air Force fighter-bombers. U.S. pilots reported the Commu- nists sent up 11 surface-to-air missiles-a comparatively high number-but said none scored. The U.S. command reported one Air Force jet was downed, pre- sumably by conventional ground fire. Express Surprise The pilots expressed surprise at the Communists' expenditure of sc many missiles in one day. This coupled with the appearance for the first time since April 30 of MIG fighters, raised speculation in Saigon that the Communists may be mounting a new MIG and missile challenge to U.S. air strike: to coincide with a possible ground offensive in the South during the monsoons that run into August. The MIG-17's, badly beaten in clashes in the last week of April made their appearance 70 miles north-northeast of Hanoi and 3. miles from China's border in an area now dubbed "Dodge City" by U.S. airmen, because of the air- fights in that same area last month. MIG's Flee Four U.S. Thunderchiefs swung around to attack the MIG's but they fled before the Americans could engage them. The Communists' record foi knocking down U.S. planes with their Soviet-supplied missiles sc far has been poor, despite .their radar control. 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