POLITICS AND SPORTS: EVERYBODY LOSES See Editorial Page :Y Inkr DAii CLOUDY High--85 Low--60 Windy and chance of showers Seventy-Six Years of Editorial Freedom 1 VOL. LXXVI, No. 46S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JULY 13, 1966 SEVEN CENTS FOUR PAGES Tuskegee Con fron ts Obstacles To Improvement By CAROLE KAPLAN Second of a Four-Part Series Special To The Daily TUSKEGEE INSTITUTE, Ala.- Underneath Tuskegee's apparently friendly and relaxed atmosphere is a great deal of discontent-with the social and educational philos- ophy of the Institute, with the quality of classroom instruction and counseling and with the at- titude of students. Many students feel the Institute, as both an educational institu- tion and a social force in the Negro South is in many ways fail- ing to meet the personal needs of its students and faculty. History seems to be passing it by, for as the status of the Negro in America changes almost daily, the paternalistic approach to educa- tion which dominates the In- stitutes administration and the lack of commitment and initiative among its students continue. Yet, if it seems that there is much to be done and no one to do it, there are several reasons why this is so. First, increasing concern among major universities for the educa- tional opportunities of the Negro is harming Tuskegee in the short run, although it will undoubtedly help it in the long run. More than ever the Ivy League and other first-rate schools, including the University, are drawing the best- qualified and most capable Negro students out of the South, offer- ing them full scholarships andj creating intensive orientation pro- grams to fill the gaps left by their previous education. The secondary education avail- able to Negroes is deficient in all parts of the United States, and when the top students are invited to larger universities, Negro col- leges like Tuskegee lose the very students who could contribute the most - both in and out of the classroom. Even now, Negroes educated in the North are reluctant to return to the South permanently, when return means facing a lesser op- portunity for accomplishment and advancement as well as the hos- tility of the white community. This exodus of the best educat- ed and most ambitious has been occuring since the Reconstruction, and it continues to affect Tuske- opn npr'hn.nr mnrP th an Pvpr nnw special features which draw talent and ability: no concert hall or auditorium, no nearby business or industrial cnterprises, gee, pernaps more an eve nw During the past year the Com- that larger institutions are re- munity Education Program, a cruiting" qualified Negroes. community development project Second, the Institute faces a operated by the Institute and very serious lack of funds and fa- sponsored by the Office of Eco- cilities. Its library is drastically nomic Opportunity, has drawn in- inadequate, only a fraction of the terested and qualified people from size of the Undergraduate Library, all over the country. Students say and it closes every evening at these newcomers have added in-i 10 o'clock. terest to the campus, but the pro- Its laboratories are p o o r 1 y gram is scheduled to end in six equipped, lacking equipment and months, and the influx of per- materials for observation. Oppor- sonnel may well end with it. tunities for research are very Corresponding to the lack of limited. funds for faciilties and equipment Tuskegee has very few of the is the lack of money for faculty salaries. Tuskegee cannot compete with other colleges for its faculty and staff, and as a result the fac- ulty is not as qualified as it might otherwise be. Many young teachers come to the Institute fresh from school but often they receive better of- fers after several years, and leave. The situation is a "vicious circle." Lack of funds makes it impossible to obtain better teach- ers and equipment; lack of super- ior faculty and equipment makes it difficult to attract large gifts and research grants. The tuition is $300 per semester, already more than many of the students can Third, the reluctance of many afford to pay. students to try to change condi- tions and rules that they feel are unfair stems partly from their lack of alterantives. Nearly two- thirds of the students are receiv- ing scholarships, loans or work- study grants from the Institute, and there is no other college open to them on that basis, Although they may be dissatis- fied with Tuskegee, they realize that it is very unlikely they could do better elsewhere, and they are afraid to risk the loss of financial aid, which would be tantamount to explusion. These would be serious problems for any institution, and they are especially serious for Tuskegee during this time of rapid change and advancement for the Negro. Education, if it is to be effec- tive, must prepare students for the world which they will face when they graduate, and the world Tus- kegee students will face tomorrow is very different from the one pa- ternalistic that Negro graduates faced 10, or even five years ago. To maintain and continue his present campaign of self-advance- ment, the Negro must not only be well-qualified, but must also be ready and able to accept respon- sibility. The Institute, if it is to be edu- cationally effective, must allow its students to reject as well as to accept the established opinions and attitudes of society. Engineering School Plans EWS W IE Conferences NEWSIWARE. , S ummer Programs Attempt To Keep Experts Informed By MEREDITH EIKER The University's School of En- gineering will simultaneously be running six of its more than 40 summer conferences during the next two weeks. With 400 people currently participating in the con- ference series, the programs will continue until the middle of August. 4 J. J. Taylor, assistant to the coordinator of the conferences., explained yesterday that the pro- grams are designed to extend over a one to four week period. While attracting people from across the country, Mexico, Canada, and overseas, the conference will host professional men and women- practicing engineers-as well as graduate students, Conference History Taylor said the conferences have' been conducted for "at least the past ten years." They were created as an effort to keep those no longer in school up to date with the rapid advancements and growth in the scientific, techno- logical and engineering fields. "The need," said Taylor, "was for short, intensive courses-a brief, concise way of obtaining the most recent information on changes within the fields. Maga- zines and periodicals are often in- sufficient in providing details of progress and advances." Schedule Conducted by the staff of the engineering school, conference classes begin at 8:30 a.m. and run until 5 p.m.. often with even- ing and Saturday sessions. Lec- tures by visiting professors and other outstanding members of the field are held under the super- vision of the University staff. Operated by the University engi- neering school, the conferences are financially self-sustaining. Need for Diversity Meetings currently underway in- elude those on human factors engineering, physiological systems analysis, aerospace structures, and communications theory. Taylor ob- served that the space age impact has heightened the need for stu-, dies of life support systems and thus the conference this year en- compass the diversity of such topics as physiological systems analysis. Late World News Iy Tne Associated Press RICHMOND, Va.-The conservative Byrd political orga- nization suffered two major setbacks with the defeat of Sen. A. Willis Robertson and Rep. Howard W. Smith in yesterday's Democratic primary election. Sen. Harry F. Byrd, Jr. staved off an organization rout by scoring a close victory in the face of touch challenge from a former State Senate colleague, Armistead L. Boothe. PARIS-Communist Chinese sources said yesterday there are still some openings in the Bamboo Curtain for Western tourists who want to visit mainland China. An official at the Communist Chinese embassy, commenting on London reports that Peking had clamped down on visitors from Western Europe, said the only restriction is the number of places available to the Chinese tourist agency, Luxingshe. He did not specify the number. The embassy source said Luxingshe has to limit reservations during July and August when requests exceed supply. He denied that tourist visas have been withheld or cancelled. WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, W. Va.-President Lyndon B. Johnson reiterated last night his determination to support South Viet Nam so long as Communist aggression continues. And. ex- pressing his hopes for peace, he called for "reconciliation be- tween nations that now call themselves enemies. Johnson said a peaceful China is necessary for a peaceful Asia. Johnson's speech was delivered to the American Alumni Council, composed of representatives of hundreds of colleges and universities, meeting at the Greenbrier Hotel. PROF. FRANK HARARY of the mathematics department has been awarded a National Science Foundation Grant for $114,800 for a study on "Graph Matrices, Chemical Nomenclature and Human Group Structure." THE MICHIGAN SUPREME COURT has refused to place Detroit lawyer James Elsman on the Aug. 2 primary ballot as a Democratic candidate for United States senator, according to As- sociated Press reports from Lansing. Elsman. who gave up trying to get the more than 19,000 nom- inating petition signatures required by law as a near-impossible task. is challenging the constitutionality of the law requiring them before he can get on the ballot. He filed suit with the State Court of Appeals and simul- taneously asked the Supreme Court to take action before the suit took its normal course through the intermediate court. The high court yesterday denied his application for leave to appeal without comment. It could have issued an order placing him on the ballot. Elsman. joined by a Royal Oak supporter, Mrs. Marilyn Roelofs, contended that such regulations favor the "rich.' candi- dates or those connected with large organizations. Secretary of State James Hare, named as a defendant in the case in his capacity as chief elections officer of the state. re- spondc - that such provisions "are reasonable, (regulating) the time, place and manner of all nominations and elections." S, 4 THE UNIVERSITY has received a $53,919 grant from the Department of Health, Education and Welfare. Education De- partment. for an "International Seminar on the Education of Music Teachers." Prof. Marguerite Hood is the project director. 10 Expelled From OSU For Cheating Students Bribe Janitor To Unlock Exam For Math Class By The Associated Press COLUMBUS, Ohio-Ten stu- dents were expelled, and disci- plinary action was taken against 29 others yesterday in what Ohio State University called "the worst exam-cheating scandal" in the university's 96-year history. Executive Dean John T. Bonner said the students had obtained a freshman final mathematics exam by bribing a janitor to unlock a cabinet two nights before the test was given. Faculty members were tipped off, and the hoax never worked. The dean said the incident had been confined "strictly to the mathematics department. It was a one-shot proposition." Ohio State has a total enroll- ment of about 40,000 students, Names of the 39 students were not disclosed in keeping with uni- versity policy, Bonner said. Janitor Bribed The janitor, since dismissed, said he had been promised $100 to unlock the exam but that he had received only $43. The theft occurred the night of June 8, two nights before the exam was to be given. Five students de- scribed as instigators took the first and third pages of the three- page test, missing a middle page. These they duplicated for sale, Bonner said, receiving amounts ranging from $4 to $50 and asking as much as $150. He estimated that $300 to $400 had changed hands among the students, most of them freshmen. Student's Report The day before the exam was given a student reported to the mathematics department that the test was out. He identified enough of the problems to convince the faculty, and changes were quickly made. Bonner said the changes were such that those having had ac- cess to the exam were easily iden- tified by their answers. Eventually, they all admitted having seen the test. Those dismissed can apply for readmission after one calendar year, although it is unlikely they will be admitted, Bonner said, Those on suspension must apply to their respective colleges for readmission. -Daily-Thomas Ayers This car was one of a number parked under unlucky trees during yesterday's severe thunderstorm. Among other casualties were the cam- pus theaters. which lost electrical power, Angell Hall, the ground floor of the Union and other low-level floors which received minor floods. WITH SPECIALISTS: NewLaw School ear Advocates Use of, Interdisciplinary Apprft&oach By SIIIRLEY ROSICK New law school Dean Francis Allen has ambitious plans for con- tinuing and extending an inter- disciplinary approach to legal stu- dies and for acquainting under- graduates and their counselors with the nature and opportunities of the legal profession. Allen said one of his chief ob- jectives as new dean would be to strengthen the relationships of the law school with the general uni- ersity. He continued that his plans do not indicate that those re- lations have not been strong in the past, however. Presently, the law school fac- ulty contains one part-time psy- chiatrist to advise on the ways his conceptions of various schools'I BARGAINING RIGHTS: Little Progress Made in U'-Union Case area affects that of law. The di- rector of the Institute for Socialj Research has also conducted aj law seminar on the methods of fact research. And, Allen com- mented that individual relation- ships of law school faculty with members from other departments have been good. He said, though, that he would like to see economists, sociologists, criminologists added to the law school faculty to give legal schol- ars some dimension of the points of view of "specialists." Allen said he sees a close relation with other departments of the University as necessary, since "legal scholar- ship covers the whole range of knowledge" and is concerned "with every aspect of social life." He spoke of another project, though he added it is not one of his major concerns, to "make clear to bright, young undergraduates the opportunities of the legal pro- fession and the nature of law school work." He said that too often students have misconceptions of the legal professionenvisioning only "court- room histrionics and piddling technical work"-and fail to real- ize that "few professions bring one into such intimate contact with the problems and realities of the modern world" as a legal career does. Allen said that he would like to have the University sponsor a conference for undergraduates "to "reputations" - which change more slowly than the programs being offered by schools change. Allen said that he expects law school enrollment to probably ex- pand "at a moderate rate." He said thought, that expansion would have to depend on more University and private funds be- ing made available for new fac- ulty, buildings and library volumes, since the school presently is op- Pres1dential Commission Studies Problems of Selective Service crating "very nearly at the ca- pacity of its present facilities." No expansion will be made at the ex- pense of the quality of program the school now ofers, he con- tinued. Allen officially assumed his new role July 1, after serving on the law school faculties of Harvard, Northwestern and, most recently,, the University of Chicago. He was in Ann Arbor in 1962-63 and the summer of 1961. By MIChAEL HEFFER The question of University rec- ognition of u.nions as bargaining agents for its employes is appar- ently still some time away from settlement. Action on the issue is taking place in circuit court and the State Labor Mediation Board. The University has been in court since last December, when it filed a pe- tition asking that PA 379, which * amended the Hutchinson Act, the The University's position has been that it would be irrevocably injured if it were forced to com- ply with PA 379, which it claims infringes on its constitutional au- thority. PA 379 allows public em- ployes representation by a collec- tive bargaining agent in dealing with employers over wages. hours, benefits, etc. The University claims it is granted financial autonomy un- der the state constitution, and that therefore the act does not tion for accelerated judgment, asking the circuit court to dis- miss the case on the grounds that it hasn't the jurisdiction to try it. After two postponements. a hearing was held June 9, at which time a postponement was asked in order for Krasicky to file a brief in favor of the motion. The University will give its ar- guments against the motion by July 29. A decision may be rend- ered by Aug. 1. State, County and Municipal Em- ployes, the Washtenaw County Trades Construction Council and the International Union of Oper- ating Engineers. A fourth petitnoning group. the Teamsters. has dropped its peti- tion. and the other petitions have been amended to exclude student and temporary employes. The board has the responsibil- ity of determining appropriate bargaining units, conducting elec- +inwv ,arA r -.if .na o .inn ,.n WASHINGTON 0') - The baby boom of the late 1940s is helping to produce an unlooked-for result:, A great debate over the nation's+ military draft policies. The reason is that the manpow- er pool of potential soldiers is growing much faster than the de- mand for draftees. So the process of selection is the crux of contro- versy over the draft today. President Johnson stepped into the picture recently by announc- ing establishment of a 20-member national advisory commission on Selective Service. This group will study the system and make recom- mendations. rrhi-c -. on x rac v ,,, n,,-A With both lem of the future was outlined to the House Armed Services Com- mittee holding hearings on the draft. Thomas D. Morris, assistant secretary of defense for manpow- er, testified:+ "In 1974, the number of men reaching draft age will total more than 2.1 million each year-over 80 per cent above the 1955 level," he said. "If-the current 3 million strength level of the armed serv- ices were sustained in the future, the per cent of men reaching 26 who had military service would decline to 42 per cent." This he compared to 1958, when 70 per cent of those at 26 had Few officials dispute Morris' contention that the draft is very much needed today. He says the need will continue for the next decade at least, unless world con- ditions drastically change. Selective Service is not only needed to supply draftees for the military, he testified, but as a spur tohvoluntarydenlistments. Without it, nearly everyone agrees, the call to arms would be heeded by far fewer men. With an overabundance of po- tential draft manpower, how to choose those to serve for two years is a worrisome thing - for the President, congressmen, educators, parents and the potential GIs