Seventy-Sixth Year .EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS July 6: 'Shooting's Too Good for 'Im' _. = - . ere Opinions Are Free Truth Will Prevail 4 A.A B H NEWS PHONE: 764-0552 Editorials printed in The Michigan Daily express the individual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. WEDNESDAY, JULY 6, 1966 NIGHT EDITOR: MEREDITH EIKER Raise the Flag, But Never Stop To Think By LEONARD PRATT Co-Editor ONE OF THE interesting and surprising things about Rich- ard Cutler, vice-president for stu- dent affairs, as an administrator is that he fires people. Not in so many words, of course, but he fires them just the same. It's surprising because no one else around here does. And it's interesting because it says some- thing about the changing nature of the University's administration. There were several "traditional" methods for University officials to rid themselves of unwanted ad- ministrative assistants, or to find sinecures for long-time "friends of the University." ONE OF THE most popular, although it was applicable only to relatively low officials, was the switch of jobs, better known as the "Now you see him, now you don't" approach. When someone made a rather immense blunder, or a series of them, or when someone Up had a friend Down whom he wanted kept around, it was simple enough to make a fast horizontal shuffle to do so. Another technique is best de- scribed as the "Now you see him, now you see him better" approach. The trick here is basically the old one of kicking someone upstairs, with this variation: when you kick, give him an office with some competent people in it. The ef- fective work can then be done by his assistants while he shuffles papers. It's amazing how com- forting the noise of paper shuffling can be. Third on the list is a wonderful little invention which could prob- ably be called simply "banzai" but comes off better as the quarter- back's "You go long" gambit. This is really a camoflaged demotion. What happens is that an admin- istrator either doesn't like the work of one of his subordinates or doesn't like the sight of him. So he appoints himself an assistant to run interference between them and, in effect, take over all but the information-gathering func- tion of the original subordinate. UNTIL LAST YEAR the Univer- sity must have had one of the lowest administrative staff turn- overs of any $200-million-a-year corporation in the country. And that is an approach to adminis- tration which the University has simply outgrown in many ways. While just about everyone in the ministration realizes that, it is still true that habits change slower than intellectual beliefs. Much of the University's administrative work thus suffers from a real cultural lag and is carried on just as it was when only 15,000 stu- dents were here. Cutler's firings-his entire ad- ministrative career has been one vast shakedown of his office-are interesting because they are one part of the creeping professional- ization being carried on within the administration. They are the ac- ceptence of a cardinal fact of university life which much of the administration has still not accept- ed: with as anarchic an operation- al base as a university has in its faculty, those segments of it charged with keeping some kind of order have to be all that more functionally organized. TO BE SURE Cutler's office is far from the only place where such a professional administrative ethic reigns. The Office of Aca- demic Affairs-though in many ways it will continue to defy com- plete professionalism in all its administration simply because such a major portion of that work must be done with the faculty-is coming around where possible. But in general the Office of Student Affairs has been the first major University administrative unit to be subjected to a thorough overhaul in a long time. The re- cent division of the Office of Busi- ness and Finance was merely that, a split down the middle. Of course both the OSA's and the OAA's reforms are special cases in a way. Much of the im- petus for the work within the OAA is a carryover from efforts made by Roger Heyns while he was there. There have also been power- ful forces on Cutler's side through- out his reorganization: there were few administrative vested interests in his office when he took it over; he took office, as it were, on a reform ticket, and students, the people who are the objects of his work, are both progressive and pliable. BUT REGARDLESS of com- parative advantages, the fact still remains that reforms are being worked on within both these of- fices whereas they are not in any other major offices. Besides the OSA and the OAA the only real administrative analysis-of which firings and per- sonal shuffles are only one sign -that has taken place at the University since it outgrew per- sonalized administration has gone on at fairly low levels of authority. The upshot of this is that many lower administrative echelons, strengthened by reorganization, are better fitted for their tasks than are higher ones. What will be the effects of these expanding reforms at the top of the administration? It's difficult to say precisely IN ANY CASE it is a relief to see some analysis taking place that might help reverse what 'was in danger of becoming an axiom about this administration: that importance within it, with a few exceptions, runs in inverse pro- portion to rank. THE 4TH OF JULY means a lot of dif- ferent things to different people. To some it means a big flag on the front porch, bands marching and people sing- ing patriotic songs, "this is my country (therefore the best in the world) and down with anyone who dares to speak against it." This attitude and some of its impli- cations were given classic expression Sun- day evening in a television special called "Sing Out, America!", described by em- cee Pat Boone as a program of folk songs which would pump new life into the American Spirit. AS THE PROGRAM began, it didn't seem possible that anyone would have paid to see it produced. The songs, rath- er than being folk songs, were trite, easy- rhyming tunes with all major chords that might have been written by a high school English class or an ad agency. The col- lege-age performers were clean-cut: but- ton-down collars, conservative ties, the girls careful not to wear their hair too long, etc. As for talent, the show was comparable to a well-rehearsed high school production. But one of the songs was called "Up with People;" which seemed like a nice sentiment, so I kept watching (little sus- pecting that what the song really meant was "Up with People, as Long as They're Just Like Me"). AS THE PROGRAM continued, its pur- pose became apparent. A song called "A New Tomorrow"' referred to the de- fense of the American Way against those who are trying to destroy it. Then the chorus (yes, there was a large chorus that danced while they sang - more like Broadway than folk music) swung into a tune about the Ride of Paul Revere and the wonderful heroes who fought in the Revolutionary War. Putting the appearance of the perform- ers (who looked more "Madison Avenue" than Madison Avenue itself) together with the presence of Pat Boone (who has been quoted as saying that he would kill his own daughters if they were captured by Communists), I realized that I was lucky enough to be seeing a demonstration of an attitude I had, until now, only heard about-the blind, rah-rah patriotism that screams "My country, right or wrong" and feels it is irrelevant to ask whether the country is right or wrong. LATER IN THE PROGRAM, a group of performers dressed like beatniks were shown sitting on a blanket, but were chased away by the chorus as they enter- ed, all dancing (marching?) in step. I must admit I was sorry to see them go; they provided a refreshing contrast to the homogenized chorus. But I could see why the choreographers must have insisted on removing them-they didn't "fit in" with the rest of the group, and they would have upset the harmony of the carefully- arranged dance patterns. Near the end of the show, a soldier was pictured writing a letter home, say- ing that if we don't continue to "defend democracy" all the boys who have died Yet Anot URING HIS FIRST televised press con- ference since last August, President Johnson yesterday spoke of "the other war . . . as important as the military war" which the United States is now waging in Viet Nam. Perhaps merely to allay the consciences of the American people, Johnson read statistics showing that "we are attacking basic problems in Viet Nam, such as illit- eracy and disease which cause wars." He reviewed progress in the distribution of land to landless peasants and refugees and improvements in food production. He noted that by 1968 school facilities will be provided for 250,000 Vietnamese school children. He said that more than 10,000 Vietnamese are currently receiving vo- cational training. And in general the President said he was pretty "optimistic" about the situation in Viet Nam. Now I don't really believe that Presi- dent Johnson really believes that this "other war" is truly as important as the military war in Southeast Asia. I don't will have fought in vain. "I am here be- cause it is the will of God," the soldier said. I was not surprised to hear, at the end of the program, that the performers were from the Conference on Moral Re- armament which was held on Mackinaw Island, and that they were working with- out pay. THE PROGRAM was unfortunate - not just because it was produced and spon- sored (by Schick Razor Blades)-but be- cause it expresses such a popular atti- tude. Actually, there is an alternative to blind, intolerant chauvinism: sincere re- spect for the men (not gods), who found- ed this country on the principle of self- determination and who fought against foreign exploitation, both economic and political. But this feeling is becoming hard to find-after all, any consideration of the ideals of national self-determination, any condemnation of foreign exploitation, must lead to thoughts of United States policy in Southeast Asia. And that's a subject that most of us would rather avoid. It makes us feel a little uncom- fortable, especially on the 4th of July. -CAROLE KAPLAN Rational Dissent SDS, THROUGH its Radical Education Project, is in the process of giving pur- pose and depth to the movement of the new left. By combining knowledge with placards, the dissenters may yet be heard. The new left has often been categorized as the critical element in contemporary society; the minority who dissents with- out alternatives; the dissident group which can suggest no replacements for the objects of their scorn. With the REP replacements may be found, and may be acceptable because they will be knowl- edgeable alternatives based on education rather than emotion. THIS IS A RADICAL project, not only in its objectives, but in its conception. In an age of specialists the left is creat- ing its own. These are specialists orient- ed toward solving or giving alternatives to specific problematic situations (like Viet Nam) where they feel local or national policy is in error. It is radical because it promises to support rejection with reason and give analysis to action. It has been too easy in the past to theorize without exploring the values and assumptions which theory often masks. In the future, "radical" theories should prove not only "nice in theory," but nice in practice as well. The left has needed substance to be meaningful rather than menacing; it has been lacking both internal and external education. Through REP both should be supplied. It is overdue, but "better late than never." IDEALISM MAY BE sacrificed to ra- tionality but meaningful dissent is well worth the price. -PAT O'DONOHUE her War BUT HE DIDN'T SAY anything about escalating forces to carry on the "oth- er war." He didn't say anything about allocat- ing funds for more vocational training or about strategy and personnel for the "other war." And what's going to happen to those 250,000 Vietnamese school chil- dren between now and 1968 when the classroom facilities are finally completed? IF THIS IS TO BE a full-scale war-a near-total commitment as important as U.S. military involvement in South Viet Nam-and we are to retain optimism concerning its outcome, then we must confront this "other war" with more than haphazard efforts. -MEREDITH EIKER Expediency THE MAYOR of Omaha, Neb., has de- nied that the riots in the center of The Inst it utionalization of Science By DAVID KNOKE THE GREAT SCIENTISTS of the past were seldom institu- tionalists. Descartes, Brahe, Co- pernicus, Harvey, Bacon-the orig- inators in the revolution of scien- tific thought-did most of their work free from institutional nar- rowness and control. Today all that is changed. The individual scientist pursuing his interests oblivious to society's de- mand for useful results is gone; the current breakthroughs in tech- nology are more likely to come from a team of scientists or a single researcher under the spon- sorship of some academic, indus- trial or governmental institution. PART OF the reason lies in the present advanced state of scientific knowledge which re- quires financial resources and depth of training beyond the ca- pacity of the individual. Special- ization forces men into pigeon- holes; not since Liebniz has any one man been able to claim all knowledge for his province. Con- trol of the direction of research and scientific inquiry now often rests outside scientists in special administrative and policy-making agencies. Scientific inquiry has not re- mained "free," in the sense that the scientists has the academic freedom of "lehrfreheit"-the free- dom to examine bodies of evidence and to report his findings within an atmosphere absent of outside regulation. The Germanic concept of "lefr- freheit" grew up in a university system where the preparation of students for research was equally as important, if not more im- portant, than the teaching func- tion. This concept of research as a prime function of the student and professor, along with the de- velopment of mass higher educa- tion emphasizing service, has created a tremendous and fast- growing corps of scientists presid- ing over the intellectual and tech- nological advancement of knowl- edge. FOR OBJECTIVE purposes "scientists" usually refers to a general category of professionals within the physical and biological scientific disciplines who, pre- sumably by evidence of a doctorate degree or (rarely alone) member- ship in a scientific society, are original contributors to the ad- vancement of knowledge in their discipline. Prof. Derek Price theorizes that over 90 per cent of the scientists who have ever lived are now alive. This can only mean that the production of front-rank scientists has accelerated tremendously in recent years. The university sys- tems has generally been the train- ing ground for the new genera- tion of scientists. Universities have inherited this task from the na- tional academies and, excepting the medical profession, have only in the last hundred and fifty years allowed the scientific studies equal status with the classical curricula. In Germany, the idea that science should further the intrests of the state in return for its money was established from the start; specialization, published re- search and academic freedom flourished. The German spirit caught on slowly in this country; the B.S. was not invented until 1851 and the Ph.D. only ten years later. In a snowballing trend, reaching a crescendo just after World War II, the public support of scientific research and educa- tion has eclipsed all other fields, because of its utilitarian advan- tages in terms of the scientists' life-long contributions to society. SOCIAL MOBILITY, fostered in the higher education establish- ment by a Jacksonian adherence to "equal education for all," has become easy in engineering and the sciences. The annual produc- tion of Ph.D.'s now standing near 4000 in the biological and physical sciences, marks the increasing im- portance of scientists in the health, wealth, defense, policy con- sultation and education of the nation. The complex of institutions from which the larval scientists emerge has apparently been changing over the years. A study by Profes- sors H. B. Goodrich, R. H. Knapp and G. W. Boehm in 1951 revealed that the largest proportions of eventual scientists from the under- graduate classes came from small liberal arts colleges (39 of the top 50). However, the scientists studied has received their undergraduate education before the second world war. The tremendous boost in public image and governmental support garnered by the atomic scientists prompted another study, by Knapp and J. J. Greenbaum. "The Younger American Scholar: His Collegiate Origins" used 1946 as a base year and revealed that the higher-cost Eastern universi- ties are now producing twice the number of scientists as all the rest. OVER 160 of the more than 2000 academic institutions in the country are qualified to grant the Ph.D. But with about $2 billion in government spending on re- search annually going to universi- ties and national laboratories, very few institutions benefit from im- proved research facilities and the consequent ability to attract and produce large numbers of doctoral candidates. The recent American Council on Education survey of graduate schools seems to reveal a pattern of superior science educa- tion institutes being developed in New England, the Midwest and California. As for the posteducational aims of scientists, a majority become recruited into the ranks of the universities. The number of Ph.D.s produced annually is expected to double to 9,000 by 1975. Yet it appears unlikely that the aca- demic faculties will increase pro- portionately. Industry and government, being the next-largest employers of full time researchers and consultants, will probably provide the new job markets. The federal government already allots 15 per cent of its budget to research and develop- ment (R&D). The space program takes the largest chunk-one third ($5 billion), but public health, de- fense and atomic energy make up most of the remainder. While pri- vate industry R&D spends only about a third of the federal total, it is able to benefit enormously by the application of basic tech- nics uncovered in the universities and federal agencies. THE CLOSE interrelation of basic research and applied usage is giving rise to a new type of semi-integrated institution, the industrial park-university-labora- tory complex. San Francisco al- ready has one, as do Boston, Los Angeles, Washington and Dallas- Fort Worth, which boasts 1500* Ph.D.s and hopes to increase it to 2500 by 1970. The intellectual climate and facility abundance of these complexes should further the trend toward crystallizing the major centers of scientific educa- tion and research in a few geo- graphic locations. The scientific revolution, tracing its intellectual line unbroken from the sixteenth century, has entered a new phase of massive research and systematic exploitation of "pure" and "applied" scientific studies. New technologies in com- munications, automation, energy demand a large 'corps of techni- cians and engineers to establish smooth integration into the pres- ent social and technological struc- ture it will eventually supercede. The scientists have moved from individuals like Galileo defying an entrenched priesthood fearful of losing its authority, into large- scale bureaucratic structures of increasing authority, to the extent that atomic scientist Ralph E. Lapp calls them "the new priest- hood." The Greek Theatre: Where Others Failed X By ROBERT JOHNSTON Special To The Daily PSILANTI-To call it a jewel in the midst of poverty would be unfair to many very excellent cultural offerings in this area, yet Stanley Kauffmann does not be- stow such a handsome epithet as "majesty in Michigan" lightly. And he goes on to say, "We must feel that this is how an Athenian tragedy should sound and look; and, in this regard, the director and the composer have succeeded unforgettably." Alexis Solomos has built an impressive cultural festival in southeastern Michigan and, with just a little more luck, the Ypsi- lanti Greek Theatre will become a permanent achievement. It is al- most impossible to overstate the dimensions of this victory or to understate the odds against suc- cess in such an undertaking. THE ORESTEIA, presented Tuesday evening in its initial per- formance for the press, was an artistic triumph, rich in drama and tragedy, with the music and choreography supplying brilliantly wrought second and third dimen- sions against a steady pattern of death, sorrow, greed and ven- geance, the components of eternal human tragedy. The initial artistic and financial success of the Greek Theatre (in the Never-Never Land of American entertainment any undertaking that isn't hopelessly bankrupt shortly after launching is con- sidered a success), and the theatre shows every sign of being able to stay above water, might well pre- sage a long-needed break in New York City's stranglehold on high- brow culture in this country. Soaring costs, fusty critics and fickle audiences have provided a ruinous formula there, destructive of imagination, innovation, and quality in this supposedly taste- might exist for them elsewhere. And a legion of ladies clubs across the land would sooner pre- sent a local horror of a production of "My Fair Lady" than turn their ample organizational talents to- ward the initiation of more am- bitious projects. THE ORESTEIA, improbably presented on a section of convert- ed baseball field in a small factory town, must surely confirm that it can be done. This time the quality was there, and so was a due share of critical attention. In addition to Kauffmann and Al Hirschfeld of The New York Times, such arbiters of either popular or high-brow tastes as The Christian Science Monitor, Time, Newsweek, Life, The Satur- day Review, Harpers and The Na- tional Observer sent their review- ers, while other publications in Los Angeles, Philadelphia,tChicago Toronto and Boston were repre- sented. The feasibility of a more de- centralized and potentially far more rewarding pattern of cul- tural development than now exists has been well demonstrated by Ypsilanti's audacious Greek Thea- tre. Such a pattern would be a welcome relief to culture-hungry audiences that must now go either to New York, risking life, limb, purse, bad productions and non- availability of tickets, or be con- tent with meagre home-town of- ferings and warmed-over crumbs from Broadway. And the artists could be much more flexible, able to choose more freely where they will take their talents, and would be much more free to stage their version of qual- ity rather than the financial pa- riahs' version of acceptability. Otherwise, American theatre in New York will go the same way as American films in Hollywood, and the artists will leave for richer ehnr 1-- and the Musical Society, the Speech Department plays and a steady stream of Music School concerts and recitals) and such a legion of less ambitious programs, from Musket to Louis Armstrong. Yet Ann Arbor's cultural es- tablishment certainly can't take any great amount of credit for the Greek Theatre. Only six resi- dents of this city are sitting on its board of directors, compared to 15 from Ypsilanti. Most students spend their en- tertainment money on rather or- dinary movies and popular, one- night or weekend live attractions. The cream of the culture market has for years been skimmed off by the Musical Society with gen- erally high-quality but predictable one night presentations. And the only eminent "resident" culture is the PTP's Association of Producing Artists, but here a hefty University subsidy is involved. WHY MUST Ann Arbor go to Ypsilanti for the most stimulating and ambitious and artistically successful, unsubsidized resident culture in this area? It isn't for lack of either "big" or "little" money, for Ann Arbor has more than its complement of millionaires and one of the highest average incomes in the country. Hopefully it isn't for lack of imagination. There should be plenty of that in the University's culture-oriented departments, and if there isn't it should be brought in and encouraged to flourish. This University can't afford to be more than an intellectual stim- ulus to the arts, but it can at least do a good job at that. (Prof. Mar- vin Felheim, a Shakespearian in the English department and Presi- dent Harlan Hatcher, an old English teacher, were both in a- tendance at the Wednesday per- formance and no doubt appreciat- ed' this infusion of classical drama into the area's cultural offerings.) ONE WOULD like to think that this area could become the first in a new series of cultural centers that might develop throughout the country, centered not on marble monuments to successful fund- raising but on corps of mobile artists, monuments to visionary talent scouting. The Ypsilanti Greek Theatre has set a brilliant example. 4 REVIEW: The Umbrellas of Cherbourg' By BETSY COHN FROM A PASTEL puddle of song sentiment and puffy techni- color, emerges "The Umbrellas of Cherbourg" a pretty movie tinged with a soap bubble fairly tale. Yet there is something which prevents the tale from becoming over frothy; that is, the very pungent and pervading sense of sadness which seeps through the surface lather. Genevieve (Catherine Deneuve) and Guy (Nino Castelnuovo) are two pretty people who are young and very much in love. She works with her mother in a candy- colored Umbrella shop; he works with automobiles in a thick gray gasoline station. Genevieve must help her mother who is becoming deluged with unpaid bills and half of the movie celebrates the puppy love of the two, who must confine their meetings to after hours and secrecy. But their ca- nine capers are rudely jolted as Guy is drafted and must leave for two years. They promise to love and wait for one another, then sing a tearful and touching fare- well. The pretty colors still remain and the dialogue is still sung; but there is a paradox in the subject matter. which follows. Genevieve finds herself pregnant with Guy's. child; her mother is meanwhile falling into deeper debt and Guy has been heard from only inter- mittently in the past two months. A good godfather figure soon appears in a black tuxedo and a moustache. His name is Roland, he is wealthy and very much in too-brief and poorly developed crumbling scene. One short flair of a temper, three unshaven mornings, one bottle of brandy and one brief confession of lone- liness to Madeline (the quiet, saintly image who has been in love with Guy since the beginning of the film and has devoted the prime of her lovely years to care for his-godmother). Elise (the godmother) sings her final death tune, Madeline and Guy marry and he continues work- ing in a gas station. The conclusion of the movie de- fies every acceptable fairy tale and typical cinematic conclusion. Gen- evieve and Guy meet again after seven years and have nothing left to say to ont another, there is no aura of fantasy around "love," and there is nothing magical about U"