THURSDAY, JUNE 30, 1966 THE MICHIGAN DAILY A t4 to M"Im-nva T~lE MCHIGA DA._ PAGE 'T'HREE 9 A ttacks Hit by Wilson, Thant, Debatedin Coy nigress By The Associated Press President Johnson's decision to bomb the oil centers at Hanoi and Haiphong was greeted by heavy attacks and some domestic sup- port yesterday. In one of the most surprising reversals 'of opinion, England's Prime Minister Harold Wilson ex- pressed regret over the bombing and said Britain is unable to sup- port the action but reaffirmed British support for American ob- jectives in the Asian war. An announcement of the prime minister's view on the U.S. bomb- ing of fuel tragets three miles from Hanoi and two miles from the port of Haiphong was made after Wilson had requested urgent clar- ification from Washington of reasons for the raids. "We have made it clear on many occasions that we cannot support an extension of the bombing to such areas," Wilson said. Strong criticism also came from U.N. Secretary-General U Thant and from Moscow. Officials said Wilson was plan- ning to make a statement of Bri- tain's attitude to the House of Commons. Left-wing elements of the gov- erning Labor party were prepar- ing to question him closely on it and to demand that British sup- port be withdrawn from all U.S. actions in Viet Nam. Wilson had assured the parlia- mentary Labor party only two weeks ago: "We have made clear repeatedly in Washington that we could not accept any need for the Americans to bomb major centers of civilian population and, if this happens, we shall dissociate our- selves from it. The U.S. govern- ment fully understands this." The White House in Washing- ton declined comment on Wilson's statement. News of the air strikes stirred lively reaction in Congress. Com- ment ranged from the "shocking outlawry" description of Sen. Wayne Morse (D-Ore) to House Republican Leader Gerald R. Ford of Michigan's demand: "Why were these raids not carried out much earlier in the war?" Senate Democratic Leader Mike Mansfield of Montana predicted the action will "make the road to the negotiating table that much more difficult" and Chairman J. W. Fulbright (D-Ark) of the Sen- ate Foreign Relations Committee expressed a similar view. Chairman Richard B. Russell (D-Ga) of the Senate Armed Serv- ices Committee said the United States had exhausted every effort to negotiate and "had no option but to destroy the oil depots." Sen. Jacob K. Javits (R-NY) described the bombing as a "risky, chancy" move and said he is very unhappy about it. Sen. Morse told the Senate that "in my judgment, this shocking outlawry on the part of the John- son administration in Southeast Asia should at least symbolically lower to half mast every American flag everywhere in the world." "It demonstrates to the world," he said, "that the greatest threat to the peace of the world happens to be the United States." U.N. Secretary-General U Thant expressed regret at the U.S. bomb- ing. A spokesman for the secretary- general on a number of occasions has indicated that in his view the first step in the search for peace in Viet Nam should be the cessa- tion of the bombing of North Viet Nam. "He has therefore read with deep regret the reports of the bombings of the heavily populated areas in Haiphong and Hanoi," the spokesman said. Moscow radio called the U.S. air raids a "new dangerous step by the U.S. ruling circles in ex- panding aggression against the Vietnamese people." "Contrary to all the lessons -of history," it said on its domestic service, "the U.S. government is resorting to banditry and force in blind rage at the knowledge of its own helplessness. "The latest act of international piracy serves as an open chal- lenge to all countries to bring the immediate cessation of U.S. ag- gression in Viet Nam. The world public has received with rage and disgust the news of Washington's latest- senseless act which will fur- ther exacerbate international ten- sion. "Ties of fraternal friendship and militant solidarity link the Soviet and Vietnamese people. Our country and the other Socialist states are providing, and will con- tinue to provide, the necessary aid in the Just struggle of the Viet- namese people." M.WcANamai Heavier By The Associated Press He told a broadcast ar WASHINGTON - Secretary of vised news conference th Defense Robert S. McNamara said sion to strike the petrole yesterday U.S. planes hit Hanoi- cilities was made by I Haiphong oil depots to make Johnson on his recomm North Viet Nam's infiltration of and on that of Secretary the south "more costly." Dean Rusk. The bombing, McNamara said, McNamara treated the was a response to a swift and ris- tion as highly successful. ing North Vietnamese buildup in "There's no question b South Viet Nam which has con- these attacks will makei verted the fighting there into a tion far more costly for "quasi-conventional war opera- Viet Nam," he said in resl tion." a question. McNamara said "every effort And he added infiltra was made to prevent harm to the foundation of its ag civilians and to prevent destruc- against South Viet Nam.' tion of nonmilitary facilities." Another objective, he sE Ties Bombing To 'NO COMMENT FBI To Investigate Raid Press 'Leaks' Northern Infiltration to "save the lives" of the South He pointed to a picture of 5lNorth Vietnamese port capable of Vietnamese, Americans, Austra- trucks in a convoy to indicate the unloading directly from tankers. lians and South Koreans fighting "substantial volume" of infiltra- McNamara rattled off other in South Viet Nam. tion and the "growing importance" statistics to the effect that mil- McNamara emphasized that the of petroleum to supply the war itary truck movements to the United States' policy is to attack in the south, south had doubled in the first five only military targets in North Viet Nam and targets of support. McNamara made it plain the changing complexion of the fight- ing was what caused the shift. That shift, he said, has made the North Vietnamese forces and their Viet Cong allies increasingly dependent on truck movement of heavy supplies, increasing the strategic importance of fuel. In recent weeks, he said, North Viet Nam has been trying to re- align its petroleum facilties. He showed pictures of excavation sites and said in some instances the North Vietnamese camaflouged the oil -facilities. "The increased importance of petroleum to the enemy's military effort is further attested to by his action to improve infiltration net- work routes," McNamara said. Some routes are new, some have been widened and upgraded for all-weather truck use, and some jungle roads have been con- cealed by bamboo canopies, Mc- Namara said. "A result of the greatly in- creased movement of men and supplies by truck and powered junks has been a shift from a small arms guerrilla action against South Viet Nam to a larger mili- tary operation involving major supplies, weapons, and heavier equipment." McNamara said. He said the air strikes were designed, among other things, to require North Viet Nam to de- vote men, material and time to establish new facilities, to force more stringent rationing and to reduce the number of men avail- able for infiltration into the south. Since the beginning of the year, he said, the average month- ly import of petroleum to South Viet Nam had increased 50 to 70 per cent over a comparable per- iod in 1965. And he said 95 per cent of it flows through Haiphong, the only months of the year and that daily tonnage supplies had increased about 150 per cent over the past year. Armed personnel in the south, he said, had increased 120 per cent. In later questioning he took ex- ception to the terms in which a question was phrased and said: "We have not hit Hanoi and Hai- phong. We have hit storage fa- cilities." McNamara said one U.S. air- craft, an Air Force F105 fighter- bomber, had been lost to anti- aircraft fire in the raid on the outskirts of Hanoi. And in a simultaneous strike at a surface-to-air missile site 20 miles from the North Vietnamese capital, one challenging Commun- ist MIG was "probably destroyed," he reported. "These strikes," McNamara said, "made after consultation with the government of South Viet Nam, are intended to achieve the fol- lowing military objectives: " "Neutralize at Haiphong the only existing North Vietnamese WASHINGTON (R) - The FBI, on President Johnson's orders, has launched an intensive inquiry into whether United States officials tipped off newsmen about the de- cision to expand bombing into North Viet Nam's oil facilities, it was learned yesterday. Both the FBI and administra- tion sources declined comment. But other sources said the in- vestigation was under way, spur- red by a concern at the highest levels over the possibility that word of today's bombing had been given out in advance. The general rule within the ad- ministration is to refuse com- ment on any specific future mili- tary operation. Johnson told a news conference June 18 that in attacking North Viet Nam military targets "we must continue to raise the cost of aggression at its source." The following week a number of news stories pointed toward bomb- ing of theoil depots outside Hanoi and Haiphong. White House news secretary Bill D. Moyers refused to com- ment Tuesday when asked if the FBI had been ordered to investi- gate "leaks of stories about step- ped-up bombing of North Viet Nam." The FBI often is used for se- curity investigations. Also, checks can be made within the State and Defense departments by investi- gators within those departments. Last Sunday, Undersecretary of State George W. Ball said in a televised interview "There is no decision on the part of the U.S. government to bomb Haiphong or to bomb the installations in Hai- phong-Hanoi." Asked about the possible reac- shore facility for off-loading pe- tion of Communist China, he said troleum from ocean-going tank- he could not speculate on that. ers, forcing North Viet Nam to Again he said the objectives of seek alternative - and inevitably the United States are limited- less efficient--means for future not to destroy the government of off-loading. Haiphong is estimat- North Viet Nam or the people of ed to have handled 95 per cent of North Viet Nam. all petroleum imports. "They are limited solely to per- * "Destroy the contents of the mitting the South Vietnamese peo- major central storage facilities; ple to shape their own destiny," Hanoi is estimated at over 20 per he said, cent and Haiphong at over 40 per To another question, McNa- cent of the remaining national mara said the United States' capacity. allies were "aware" of the attack ""Cripple the major trans- but he did not answer directly shipment facility at Hanoi. whether they had been specifically * "Require North Viet Nam to warned. devote men, material, time and Shortly before the ews confer- effort to establish new storage and Shorly bfor thenew coner-distribution facilities. ence Britain's Prime Minister Har- 0 "Force a high competition for old Wilson had said he could not the reduced petroleum assets, support the new American action. thereby requiring more stringent "I can't overemphasize to you rationing and imposing a lower the importance our government ceiling on the number of men places on terminating successfully that can be supported for aggres- the operations in the south and sion in the south." our willingness to engage in un- conditional discussions to that end," McNamara said. Otherwise he turned aside ques- tions dealing with diplomatic as- pects of the situation. 11F Summer Students: We have new and previously owned books ENGINEERING-All courses BUS. AD.-All coursse NURSING-All courses EDUCATION-,All courses L.S.A.-All courses' STUDNT 9OOK SGRVICQ 'Sorry, we don't have any Serbo-Croatian Books 1215 S. University 761-0700 -Associated Press THE ABOVE MAU shows Hanoi-Haiphong areas in North Viet Nam where U.S. planes struck petro- leum targets yesterday. Air Force jets bombed storage tanks three miles from the center of Hanoi, capital of North Viet Nam, while Navy planes struck fuel areas 50 miles to the east at the port city of Haiphong. The Communist Chinese border is about 100 miles from Hanoi. ACCEPT COMPROMISE: British Seamen Agree To End Shipping Strike LONDON (P)-Leaders of Bri- tain's merchant seamen bowed, under mounting pressure yester- day and voted to end their 45- day shipping strike on terms back- ed by the government. However, union leaders decided not to allow the men back to work until tomorrow midnight. They said they wanted time to explain the settlement to a clearly restive rank and file, some of whom complained they had been sold out by their leaders. It will take weeks to unscramble the congested ports and months to bring schedules back to normal. The total cost in lost sales and export markets is beyond calcula- tion. Dissent The Executive of the 65,000- member National Union of Sea- men voted 29-16 to send the sea- men back to work. The vote indi- cated that a hard core of mili- tants still wanted to hold out for more, and this was reflected in angry scenes outside union head- quarters. Union leaders said privately that they feared a rash of wild- cat strikes to protest the settle- ment. Charges Communist Influence Prime Minister Harold Wilson had intervened repeatedly through the strike-first to condemn the seamen for striking against the nation, and last week to assert that Communists were putting pressure on the union to prolong the strike and wreck the Labor government's wage restraint po- licy. He named the Communists in the House of Commons only Tuesday and challenged the un- ion's moderates to stand up to them. A union spokesman said after a four-hour Executive meeting that Wilson's charges were not even discussed. But whether or not Wilson's intervention actually helped speed a settlement, he is bound to get some of the credit. In money terms, the seamen boosted their average weekly pay by about $2.80 to $58.80 and cut the average number of hours worked by about two to roughly 66 with overtime. This still rep- resents less than most European seamen earn. House Con Approves I WASHINGTON (A)-The House Judiciary Committee voted yester- day to remove most privately own, ed housing from President John- son's proposed ban on racial dis- crimination in the sale and rental of housing. It then gave quick approval by a 24-9 bipartisan vote to a new civil rights bill that also deals with protecting Negroes' rights, speeding school desegregation and ending discrimination in state and federal jury selection. The housing section of the bill would exempt homeowners who sell or rent their property, but only up to two transactions a year. In addition, it would exempt owners of dwellings up to four- family in size who live in the house themselves and rent the other units. Real estate agents and brokers would be specifically barred from engaging in any discriminatory practices, but could not be prose- cuted if they were acting for an exempted homeowner who refused to sell or rent to a Negro. A fair housing board would be created with power to investigate complaints arising under the law and to issue orders to stop any discriminatory practices. In its other provisions, the bill would: -Require that federal jurors be selected at random from a list of all registered voters in a judicial district. nmittee world News Roundup By The Associated Press NEW YORK - Chemical Bank New York Trust Co. raised its prime interest rate from 5% to 5% per cent yesterday, effective immediately. "The management of the bank decided to take this action in view of the continued and increasing pressure for bank loans and as a step toward discouraging further inflationary credit expansion," William S. Renchard, chairman, said. LONDON-The bill to re-na- tionalize 'Britain's steel industry was introduced in commons yes- terday by Richard Marsh, min- ister of power. Some 14 companies, represent- ing 90 per production, cent of the industry's are expected to be taken back into government own- ership. NEW YORK-The stock market suffered its third sharp loss of the week yesterday and some brokers said part of the loss was a reac- tion to the U.S. bombing of North Viet Nam oil facilities. Prices showed little change in early trading, but a steady erosion dropped them to their lowest of the day at the close. Trading was moderate. A Message for You I -- - from Ann Arbor Bank For complete student and faculty banking needs see Ann Arbor Bank. Specialcheck checking accounts, travelers checks, foreign exchange, letters of credit, and four campus offices are just a few reasons why Ann Arbor bank should be your bank. Stop in at any Ann Arbor Bank office and get acquaint- ed with alert, accommodating banking. - __ 3 I j I REQUIRED READING (for laughs) SFF THF COMPI FTF XPAF EVENING OPTIMIST CLUB presents i III f f I I .