4 THE WAR: 'A PLAGUE ON BOTH YOUR HOUSES' See Editorial Page 1 1 C 4r Seventy-Five Years of Editorial Freedom 742 SUNNY High-65 Low-38 Fair toilay, chance4 cooler this even of rain; ning VOL. LXXVI, No. 20S ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1966 SEVEN CENTS FOUR PAGES I Pressure for Draft Requirement Revisions Rises Pressures exerted in recent weeks by student protestors, academ- icians and congressmen against Selective Service draft policies may find release in a long-range over- haul of the system. A special Pen- tagon committee is currently ad- vocating revisions so that in nor- mal peacetime only 19-year-olds would be drafted. The Defense Department group also recommended a return to the lottery system of calling up draf- tees, whereby all young men aged 18 and 19 would have their names put in a "hat." Those whose names were drawn out would serve, while others might remain exempt in- definitely except in cases of acute national emergency. The Pentagon report, rumored to be on the verge of presentation to President Johnson, will be the conclusion of a study ordered by the President in the spring of 1964. Long delayed and not yet officially released, the report has become the center of the current draft controversy. Some sources have even speculated that it has been approved at highest Penta- gon levels, though such indica- tions were quickly denied by De- fense Department officials. According to the New York Times, Defense Secretary Robert S. McNamara disclosed that he has not yet made up his mind as to what specific recommenda- tions should be made to the White House, although two ideas are un- der serious consideration at this time. The first is that the draft should be continued in roughly its pres- ent form while pressures and com- mitments in Viet Nam grow. It is thought that to change familiar procedures in midstream would be too complicated and unsettling. The Pentagon study group reach- ed this conclusion last year and the increased war efforts have re- inforced its convictions that the draft must be continued at least on a short term basis. The second consideration is in the form of an alternative system which could be substituted for the draft. Sources close to the study group indicated that the most pop- ular among the members is the lottery, similar in various ways to the system used at the beginning of World Wars I and II. Under the version already men- tioned involving youths of 18 and 19, young men would have the option of withdrawing their names from the pool if they wanted to go straight to college from high school. Students' names, however, would automatically be returned to the "hat" upon their receiving a degree. This system would not allow men to continue escaping military service by going to graduate school, nor would marriage and raising a family while in college insure a continuing exemption. Members of the study group commented, though, that a few exemptions would undoubtedly still be granted in cases of extreme hardship. Recent student and Republican' criticism contending that the draft is unfair to the poor would be met by this system. Men financial- ly able to keep themselves in col- lege for prolonged periods would no longer be favored. The lottery, too, would be flexible to the na- tional military needs-in wartime, the number of names drawn for service could be easily increased. While there is no assurance that present program of deferring col- the Pentagon's report will result lege students results in "inevitable in major changes in the draft sys- discrimination between the rich tem, the plan will undoubtedly re- and the poor." The paper also ceive a thorough review by Presi- points out the many changes with- dent Johnson. Whatever sustains in the country since the law was examination the draft undergoes, written in 1951 which might tend it will be its first in 15 years. to outmode the present system and Regardless of what action the make it entirely inappropriate. President takes, interest in the The Republican statements as question continues to rise. If the well raise familiar issues: White House remains silent, con- . . f gressional criticism is likely to -Whether it is fair to favor grow in the next few months. those who marry early or who are Resolutions have been introduced wealthy enough to attend college; in both the Senate and the House -Whether men with "trick asking the President to establish a knees" now often exempted should blue-ribbon committee to investi- not be allowed to perform cleri- gate the draft. cal duties, and Twenty-five Republican mem- -Whether mental standards bers of the House, the so-called should be lowered with the armed Wednesday group of liberals and services providing special teach- moderates, issued a position pa- ing for those below a certain level. per recently declaring that the Draft director Lt. Gen. Lewis B. Hershey commented over the weekend that he sees some con- gressional electioneering behind Capitol Hill's demands for an investigation of the Selective Serv- ice investigation. One alternative the Republican group and many others would like discussed is a peacetime Ar- my based solely on volunteers. Op- ponents of this proposal include, however, most professional mili- tary men. A voluntary system, many claim, would work only if military pay, fringe benefits, and prestige are made commensurate with civilian occupations. One un- official estimate is that it would take $6 billion to make abandon- ment of the draft feasible. A final alternative which sourc- es say met with sharp opposition from many of the members of the Pentagon study committee was the idea of non-military options. Though appeal on ideological grounds is high and endorsements from Peace Corps and VISTA of- ficials have been favorable, objec- tions are being based on strictly practical grounds. It has been argued, for example, that there are not enough non- military jobs to fill the demand. Further, the Peace Corps and sim- ilar programs might be damaged by making them a haven for draft evaders. If the United States decides to adopt a lottery or other conscrip- tive form of male youth service, it would be among one of a hand- ful of nations in the world to have such a system. Universal conscrip- tion today is more the exception than the rule. Committee To Release Funds Bill University To Receive Less Than Requested,! Final Approval Soon By MARTHA WOLFGANG The Ways and Means Commit- tee of the House of Representa- tives is expected to release the University's appropriations bill sometime this week. The commit- tee will recommend a figure for the amount of state funds to be allotted to the University. This figure must receive final approval from the entire House. The University's original request sent to the governor totaled al- most $65 million. The Senate Ap- propriations Committee trimmed this figure to $57.9 million-a little over $1 million above the gover- nor's budget. In a presentation before theE House committee, the University decreased their requested appro- priation to approximately $62 mil- lion. This is still $4 million over the Senate allocation. Part of this was to help raise professors' salar- ies by an average of eight per cent. The University has asked for a $1 million appropriation for the Center for Research on Learning and Teaching, so that the Univer- sity could set up a proposed state- wide computer network, allowing it to exchange information with other schools. The governor in his budget had requested only $200,000 for the center, but the Senate provided no money to set up the center. Lans- ing sources indicate, however, that a line item might be inserted for the center for approximately $550,- 000-the amount requested by the State Board of Education for the project. A line item is a portion of the University budget which is appro- priated for a specific project and supposedly not part of the Gen- eral Fund. Thus, the University would be required to spend the money for the new center and not for other University needs. Further speculation has centered on the University request for an Institute for International Com- merce which is to be part of the Graduate School of Business Ad- ministration. The University has asked for $150,000 to set up the institute but no money was ap- propriated by the Senate. Sen. Gilbert Bursley (R-Ann Arbor) has given the proposal his active personal support and it appears a line item also might appear for the institute. MinhInuredSoviet Union Urges Quick MIoigan By Grenade AtnOHS eTrC NEWS WIRE Last Night A to nSaeTet Monk Wounided as Late World News A NEGRO WON THE Democratic nomination last night for Macon County sheriff-a historic victory-and two other Negroes also won nomination for local office in Alabama. In a peaceful runoff primary, two Negroes were nominated for tax collector and the county governing board in Macon County -home of the famed Tuskegee Institute. Another Negro was nominated for a school board seat in Green County. In 22 other races for local office Negroes either were defeated or trailing white opponents. The defeated Negro candidates included attorney Fred Gray, long active in Alabama's civil rights struggle, who ran for the legislature from a district that included Gov. George C. Wallace's home county of Barbour. Macon, which two years ago became the first Alabama county to elect Negroes to office since Reconstruction days, already has a Negro on the Board of Revenue and three more holding other offices. In addition, Tuskegee, the county seat, has two Negroes on its City Council. One of them, the Rev, K. L. Buford, had sup- ported Sadler for sheriff. NEW YORK-A PEACE SCARE sent a nervous stock market into a steep decline yesterday. Pressure on prices increased after Wall Street heard un- confirmed rumors of peace overtures by North Viet Nam. Some brokers said investors were worried over what would happen to defense issues in the event of a cease-fire. "We've had this before," one broker said. "Peace shouldn't hurt the market as a whole as we would get rid of the threat of a tax increase and higher interest rates." REP. WESTON VIVIAN (D-Ann Arbor) announced last night two National Aeronautics and Space Administration grants to the University. A $14,352 grant for "Panel Flutter of Cylindrical Shells" went to W. I. Anderson while G. W. Stroke received $144,170 for "Investigating Novel Techniques for Ruling Improved Large Diffraction Gratings." Vivian also announced a National Science Foundation grant to Richard L. Malvin for his project "Hormones and Renal Func- tion." GEORGE BERNARD SHAW'S comedy about courtship, "Mis- alliance," will open the Summer Playbill season of the University Players at 8 o'clock tonight in Lydia Mendelssohn Theatre. The play is directed by William R. McGraw of the speech department. AN EXCHANGE PROGRAM that will allow undergraduate candidates for the teachers' certificates to study for one year in India is being implemented by the University's School of Educa- tion. This new program will send prospective teachers in the social studies to the University of Baroda for a year of study from July, 1966, to March, 1967. Students Burn U.S. Consulate in Hue I -A- - - '%-o#r qMW -AMI- SAIGON ('-A student mob sacked and burned the U.S. con- sulate in Hue late last night while in Saigon a leading Buddhist monk was seriously wounded by a gre- nade thrown by an unknown youth. The new outbreaks of violencej came on the heels of the start of talks between Buddhist represen- tatives and leaders of the military junta the Buddhists have been trying to overthrow. The attack on the monk appeared likely to have serious repercussions on the talks and could touch off new demonstrations in Saigon. No Americans were reported in- .olved in the attack on th - con- sulateinii Hue, the Buddist stronghold 400 miles northeast of Saigon. The consulate building was closed last Saturday, t wo days I after a mob sacked and burned the U.S. Information Service building in Hue. Most of the con- sulate staff was evacuated to Sai- gon, but U.S. Consul Thomas Cor- coran set up an office in the U.S. military compound in Hue. Student Mob A mob of about 1,000 screaming students attacked the two-story consulate building just before noon, ripped down portraits of President Johnson and carried off1 two U.S. flags as the building burned. The mob also set fire to a resi- dence next door used by members of the consulate staff. A company of Vietnamese army troops fled when the students marched on the consulate. The monk wounded in Saigon was Thich Venerable Thien Minh, deputy head of the Buddhist In- stitute which has been leading the campaign to oust the military government. A grenade was thrown at his car as it was entering the gate of the Buddhist youth center on the outskirts of Saigon. Minh's driver also was injured. Shortly after the attack, a mob of screaming Buddhist youths burned an American vehicle out- side the Buddhist Institute. It was not known immediately what pro- voked the burning. Monks at the youth center 'claimed the grenade attack on Minh "must have been the work of government henchmen." :- D a ean Similar To IJohnson's Seek Treaty To Ban "r A ii u v i"a r I -Associated Press This is a full-scale model of the 2,200 pound Surveyor I scheduled to attempt a soft landing late today in the dry Sea of Storms on the moon. Surveyor Heads for Moon as Gemi*ni* 9 Pilots ,Start Launch PASADENA {A'}-Surveyor 1 has The astronauts themselves were changed course slightly and is ready to roar off aboard a Titan 21 .,..4k ,,,.., .,,.. .. ... M _ . -- -- i heading for a new target on the moon where, hopefully, it will land gently tonight-Pacific Daylight Time-and take close up pictures of the surface. Meanwhile, at Cape Kennedy, the Gemini 9 pilots, tempered by disappointment, try again todayl for three days of space acrobatics and a 2%-hour walk in the sky. The latest satus report: some transient electrical gremlins, but nothing serious. The electrical troubles cropped up in an inverter-a gadget that translates direct current into al- ternating current - abroad the Atlas rocket. The Atlas is to send a make-shift target into orbit at 11 a.m. today. I RUSHES INDICATE STRENGTH: Fraternities Cited As Flexible, Healthy rocket an hour and 38 minutes later. Launch officials began their midcount checkout at 1 p.m. yes- terday-testing out all the Gemini systems. For all the hope and excitement surrounding their own flight, Staf- ford and Cernan kept ears cocked for reports of the three-legged Surveyor probe heading with great precision for a soft landing on the moon to chart a man-landing area and test the lunar surface. The spidery 2,200-pound craft, launched Monday from Cape Ken- nedy, should come down at 11:17 p.m. PDT today in the moon's dry Sea of Storms. Descension Critical. The critical question is how gently it will descend. A retro- rocket and three guidance rockets are supposed to slow it from near- ly 6,000 miles per hour to about 8 m.p.h. at impact. A soft landing is vital if its television camera is to survive and end back pictures which will in- dicate strength of the moon's crust and help scientists select a land- ing spot for Apollo astronauts later in this decade. If all goes well, Surveyor should begin sending clear television pic- tures of the lunar surface shortly after it lands tonight. They are expected to be comparable if not superior to pictures returned by Russia's Luna 9. Other Florida Preparations Thwarted once before when an Atlas rocket's steering ran wild and their space target was lost But when the Agena was lostt May 17, causing a two-week post- ponement of the flight, the 11- foot ATDA was pressed into serv- ice. Air Force officials declined tos hold off committing the Atlas to flight until a through investigationX of the problem. However, a spokes-t man said it was "not expected to have an adverse effect on to- day's launch attempt.'f Inverter problemsrare not new to the Atlas, and are often fixedx with very little interruption in{ schedules, officials point out. Stafford Voice Link While Cernan cavorts in spacel with his own oxygen supply, Stafford, an Air Force lieutenant colonel, will be the only voice link to his space buddy. The ground will be able to talk with Stafford, but only Stafford will be able to talk with and hear Cernan. Just hours before Cernan be- gins his walk in space, the first television pictures of the moon from the Surveyor satellite are to be beamed to earth. When it lands, both Stafford and Cernan will be snoozing in their Gemini spacecraft, docked with the ATDA, in a 17,500 mile per hour orbit of the earth, 185 miles up. The docking and space chase. will take the first hours of their flight-simulating the rendezvous that astronauts will have to per- form to return to earth from the moon. When the first American astro- nauts do fly to the moon, they will go into orbit around it with w aons anct iitary Activities on Moon UNITED NATIONS (P) - The Soviet Union yesterday urged quick action on a treaty to inter- nationalize the moon and other celestial bodies and to ban their use for military purposes. The plan was strikingly similar to one advanced May 7 by Presi- dent Johnson. While the Russians did not link the two plans, the Soviet move appeared to assure a full debate in the fall on the outer space issue which both Washing- ton and Moscow now consider urgent. In Washington, the deputy press secretary at the White House, Robert H. Fleming, said of the Soviet proposal: "It appears to support the stand taken by the President in the May 7 state- ment." This was one in which Johnson also proposed a treaty that would ban weapons of mass destruction on a celestial body as well as weapons, tests, and military ma- neuvers and leave the moon and other heavenly bodies "free for exploration and use by all coun- tries." Soviet Ambassador to the U.N. Fedorenko disclosed the plan at a newsconference. He acknowl- edged that the United States had advanced its own proposals, but indicated the Soviet move was part of a continuing effort rather than a response to the U.S. in- itiative. The timing, however, was seen as a sign that the Russians were anxious to get the stalled talks moving again. This was the first step that could be viewed as a possible reaction to the Johnson proposal. In a letter, Soviet Foreign Am- bassador Andrei Gromyko laid down four principles which he said he hoped would be included in the proposed treaty: -The moon and other celestial bodies should be free for explora- tion and use by all countries with- out discrimination. The moon and other celestial bodies should be used for peace- ful purposes only and all military bases and weapons of mass de- struction should be banned. -The exploration of these bod- ies should be carried out for the benefit of all mankind and the bodies are not subject to any ter- ritorial claims. -In the course of the explora- tion of the celestial bodies there should be cooperation and mutual assistance, among the nations in- volved. Johnson's May 7th proposal called for immediate action to draft a treaty internationalizing the moon and other outer space bodies. By SUSAN SCHNEPP The University's fraternity sys- tem was characterized as "flex- ible, healthy and changing" by Charles Judge, Assistant Director in the Office of Student Affairs, yesterday. He said that the past two rushes, which were the largest ever, are proof of the strength of the system, and that as long as the University continues to grow, thp fraternities likewise will con- on the "rah-rah socializing as- pects" he said. Increasing Academic Interests As an example of this emerging concept, Judge pointed to Phi Kappa Tau, which has instituted a speaker-discussion program. What holds this group together, he said, is an interest in more intellectual aspects. Such a group would probably never have been organized ten years ago, he added. Further proof of increasing in- than at most other Big Ten uni- versities, he pointed out. Differences Noted Judge said that there are several differences between the Univer- sity's fraternity system and those at other colleges, and that these differences are responsible for some of the strong points of the system. First, he asserted, the fraterni- ties here do not have house mothers, which puts a great bur- aduit chaperones at their parties, Judge explained, but only require that two of the house officers be present. There have also been a liberalizing of rules governing "open-opens," he added. The Interfraternity Council dis- ciplines the system, Judge pointed out, thus making the students responsible for this aspect of the system too. Accept Responsibility The important thing about the limiting their range of living ex- periences. Here, it is likely that a member will live in the dorm, the house, and an apartment, or at least two of the three, while he is at the University. As freshmen or sophomores, Judge explained, men will join a fraternity for several reasons- prestige, social contacts, social life, and because of a group living situ- ation. By the time they are juniors or seniors, however, their social or intellectual interests may have