STATE COLLEGE CRISIS:

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Higher Education in New York

t, FEBRUARY. 17, 1961

NIGHT EDITOR: PHILIP SHERMAN

Byerlein-Lobsinger Letter,
akes Joke of Academic Freedom

[N BYERLEIN'S and Doiald Lobsinger's
letter to The Daily of Feb. 10 advances a
gerous theory of public support for higher
cation.
:iss Byerlein is a Detroit nurse who has
ilated a petition in opposition to Wayne
t University's removal of the ban on Com-
alst speakers at the university. The letter
ested Wayne's request to the Council of
te College Presidents for a united stand on
Spilane
Sp"ills All
[AT WELL-KNOWN purveyor of culture,
Mickey spillane, is back on the- literary'
ie.
he crew cut father of four gained fame
ugh the fictional exploits of tough Mike
nmet, a private detective who bloodily
shed greasy hoodlums, consumed Brobdig-'
nian quantities of whiskey, and slapped and
iced a whole series of beautiful nympho-
hiacs. and psychotics. Spillane is now a
ous affiliate of Jehovah's Witnesses, a paci-
religious organization,
reaking a seven year vacation, Spillane has
written a mystery novel, completed a
rle script, and begun another Mike Hammer
ller.
,THOUGH HIS BOOKS have sold over 70
mrillion copies, one would be hesitant to
1 him a revolutionary force in our social

the issue, calling this action "moral cowardice"
on the part of the Wayne Board of Governors,
and stated that in spite of the "decision of the
Council, the financial support of the institu-
tions these presidents represent remains in
the hands of the people."
Miss Byerlein's assertion that Wayne ap-
pealed to the Council due to its "moral cowar-
dice" is doubtful. Wayne's request, rather than
being cowardly, was an attempt to encourage
the other ueniversities in the state to declare
themselves on the issue.
HE REMAINDER of Miss Byerlein's argu-
ment may be summarized as an attack on,
the state's universities*for opposingthe "will of
the people:."
It is this McCarthyite ideal that is the most
dangerous portion of Miss Byerlein's entire
position on Wayne, Communists, and the rela,
tion of universities and the public.
This particular state is engaged in an exten-
sive program of support for public education.
This system, which includes support for high
schools and colleges, hopefully recognizes dif-
ferences between the two.
IT IS UNDERSTANDABLE that the concept
of academic freedom is a tragic joke in high
school. High schools are open to all; the stu-
dents are young and thought to be mentally
-naive and impressionable; the local PTA's base
their philosophies of academic freedom on the
current concerns of the press.
A university, however, has the right to expect
that at least in society's highest institutions of
learning academic freedom be more.
A university, ideally, 'is not judged as good
or bad by the extent to which it conforms to
the current popular prejudices. A 'university;
more specifically, may remain worthy of finan-
cial support whether or not it allows speakers
to appear who oppose the majority of "the
people" in their opinions or beliefs.
T MAY BE postulated, for instance, that
fallacious doctrines are best heard in a uni-
versity. it is possible that the best way to de-
feat Communism is to allow the Communists a'
hearing beyond his captive audience of the cell
bloc; to allow him to present his views in that
segment of society whicl4 is most likely to re-
ject his views-namely the university, that
segment of society- which strives to base its
decision on knowledge and information rather
than distortions, appeal to prejudice, propa-
ganda and "moral" fervor.
-RALPH KAPLAN

ie has some tough words to say about
Faulkner. The Nobel Prize winner's
sentence structures and deeply rooted
the tragic evoke little response from

ex
of

kh, he doesn't write for the people--
why does he go in for all that morbid
pillane enjoys the environment of his Mur-
Inlet, S.C. home. "Down here," he says,
i don't have to worry about your little girl
ing home from school and mouthing filth
s picked up from some tough on the bus."
he Watchtower Society literature she reads
be commendable, but her daddy's writing
its could surely teach that tough a thing

(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the first
of three articles on the problems of
New York higher education. To-
morrow's article will present a his-
torical perspective on the current
college crisis with a University ex-
pert's ideas on a proposed solu-
tion.)
By RICHARD OSTLING
Daily Staff Writer
NEW YORK, the "Empire State,"
is taking a long and somewhat
embarrassed look at its realm of
public colleges.
The state's schools are guided
by a confusing network of groups
which rivals anything Washing-
ton, D.C. has to offer. Three of
these have recently completed im-
portant reports.
Direct responsibility and power
over the state's 46 publicly-sup-
ported colleges is vested in the
State University of New York, es-
tablished in 1948, whose Board of
Trustees has recently revised its
"Master Plan" for education and
issued a 72-page pamphlet.
A second important report was
made in December of last year
by the Board of Regents of the
University of the State of New
York, a continuing government
commission formed in 1784 to gen-
erally oversee all education in the
state.
* *
LAST NOVEMBER another ma-
jor report on higher education was
issued by the Heald Commission,
a special investigative body ap-
pointed by Governor Nelson Rock-
efeller, who is making the college
problem a central emphasis of his
administration.
Members of the commission, one
of the most influential to be ap-.
pointed by any recent New York
governor, were Henry T. Heald,
Ford Foundation president and a
former chancellor of New York
University; John W. Gardner,
'president of the Carnegie Cor-
poration; and Marion B. Folsom,
director of Eastman Kodak and
formerly Secretary of Health, Ed-
ucation, and Welfare.
All three reports are basically
indictments of the New York col-
lege situation.
ALL STATES ARE riding the
first wave of a population boom
and are faced with inadequacies,
but New York, which has tradi-
tionally relied upon private insti-
tutions, is lagging far behind oth-
er states in offering public (and
as a result lower-cost) college ed-
ucation.
The Heald report's conclusion is
watered - down, but accurate:
"New York enjoys a position of na-
tional leadership in elementary
and secondary education; it does
not enjoy as a State a comparable
position in higher education."
New York has such fine univer-
sities as Columbia, Rochester, and
Cornell, but at these private
schools it costs well over $1,000 a,
year just to go to classes.
DAILY
OFFICIAL
BULLETIN
The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Building,
before 2 p.m. two days preceding
publication.
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 17
General Notices
Astronomy 131 place of meeting
changed from 23 Observatory to 5oo5
Angell Hall, MWF, 10 a,m
History 10, MwF at 11:00 will meet
in the Natural Science Aud. rather
than in Aud. C, Angell Hall.
University of Michigan Graduate

Screening Examinations in French and
German: All graduate students desiring-
to fulfil their foreign language re-
quirement by passing the written ex-
amination given by Prof. Lewis must
first pass an objective screening exami-
nation. The next administration of the
objective screening examination will be
on Tues., Feb. 21 from 3 to 5 p.m. in
Aud. C, Angell HRall. Within 48 hours
after the examination the names of
the students who have passed will be
posted on the Bulletin Board outside
the office of Prof. Lewis, the Examiner
in Foreign Languages, 3028 Rackham
Bldg.
Students desiring to fulfill the Grad-
uate School's requirement in French
and German are alerted to an alter-
nate path. A grade of. B or better in
French 12 and German 12 will satisfy
the foreign language requirement. -A
grade of B or better in French 11 and
German 11 is the equivalent of having
passed the objective screening exami-
nation.
Applications for Faculty Research Fund
Grants: Faculty members who wish to
apply for grants from faculty research
funds to support research projects
should file their applications in the
office of the Graduate school not later
than Wed., March 1. Application forms
are available in 118 Rackham Bldg., or
call Ext. 3374.F
The Student Government Council Cin-
ema Guild Board announces petitioning
for sponsorship of movies. A petition
should be secured in front of the SGC
Secretariat and be returned by Feb.
22. An interview time should be chosen
upon return of the petition.
SUMMARY OF ACTION TAKEN BY
STUDENT GOVERNMENT COUNCIL
AT ITS MEETING OF FEB. 15.
Approved: The minutes of the last
meeting, as corrected.
Accepted: The resignation of Lynn
Bartlett from Student , Government
Council.

In a more modest price range
there is little choice within the
state for a high school graduate
who wants to attend a compre-
hensive university or to get a lib-
eral arts education. There are no
public universities, and Harpur
College, located in the Triple Ci-
ties area of upstate New York and
the only state liberal arts school.
is handling only 989 students this
year.
1' * *
AS A RESULT, more than one
out of four New Yorkers who en-
tered college last fall went out of
the state. Nearly 20,000 more New
Yorkers looked for their under-
graduate education outside the
state than outsiders came into the
state.
All three reports advocated an
increase in the state's already
comprehensive scholarship pro-
gram; but 25 per cent of the pres-
ent scholarship winners give them
up to other persons, because they
are only applicable for those at-
tending New York colleges.
At least there Is Harpur College,
which has finished moving across
the river from Endicott, New York
in recent weeks to a new $18 mil-
lion campus. But Harpur turned
down 80 per cent of its applicants,
ON THE GRADUATE level the
state has no public education in
the arts or sciences on either the
MA or PhD level. Harpur is plan-
ning a minimal master's program
in \some fields next fall, but its
application for permission to grant
degrees in 14 masters programs by
1970 has not been approved yet by
SUNY.
If this is the case, what are the
46 public colleges teaching at the
moment?
Eighteen of them are locally-
sponsored community colleges with
degrees of "Associate in Applied
Science" (business, technical and
sub-professional fields) and "As-
sociate in Arts."
The former degree is basically
a terminal one, designed as the
end of the student's education.
Holders of the latter maytrans-
fer to another school (if they can
get in). Liberal arts courses are
now offered at 12 of these schools.
*
THERE ARE 11 state teachers'
colleges, whose primary empha-
sis is on professional training,
not on liberal arts. The one at
Albany is highly respected; the
others vary downward in quality.
There are also six two-year
agricultural and technical insti-
tutes; two medical centers; and
eight specialized professional col-
leges in forestry, industrial rela-
tions, ceramics, and the like.
The public college system gen-
erally has two characteristics -
specialized programs, and sinall
units scattered throughout the
state.
A majority of those thousands
of students who leave their home
state for college training general-
ly enter states further west which
have led the way in publicly-sup-
ported colleges and universities,
Many of them come to the Uni-
versity.
IN FACT, MORE New Yorkers
go to school here than any other
out-of-state group. New York is
the largest state in the country,
but higher totals might be ex-
pected from nearby Illinois, Indi-
ana, and Ohio fvhich are not only
nearer but part of the same Mid-
western culture. But these are
states with public comprehensive
universities.
There is no admissions quota
operating against New York at

--1 OLINICK

TODAY AND TOMORROW
ih Level iplomacy
By WALTERLIPPMIANN1

RETARY RUSK is said to be under cQn-
dderable pressure to cross the Pacific in
to attend a meeting of SEATO in Bang-
Two Asian members of the South East
Treaty Organization, the Philippines and
and, are issatisfied, it would appear,
the unwillingness of Great Britain and
ce'to hot up the Laotian trouble, and they
threatening to withdraw from S EATO.
Secretary Rusk, they say; can dissuade
and to do this he must go to Bangkok.
ne else can dissuade'them. Only the Secre-
of State- in person..
will be a pity 'if so early in the day Mr.
allows himself to be lured, back into the
y and unprofitable ways of itinerant sum-
. Nobody knows better than he, no one
poken more cogently about the weaknesses
is kind of diplomacy. It takes the Secre-
of State away from Washington where he
ot be spared. It subjects him to a physical
nervous strain which he should not be
. to bear. It downgrades the authority of
merican Ambassadors on the spot, and of'
oving Ambassador, Gov. Harriman, who
be needed to represent the United States
gional negotiations. It sets a precedent. If
ecretary must go to SEATO, then in no
at all he will have to go to the centers of,
ie other pacts-to CENTO, to NATO, to
He must go also to the neighboring states
e prestige will be hurt if he does not visit
Before he knows it, he will be visiting
osa and Japan and so on and so on.
S IS as good a time as an'y to turn over
new leaf and to set new precedents. The
SanctuarV
UNIVERSITY, interestingly enough, ap-
ars to be becoming a haven for beaten,
h not tired, Republican politicians.'
st came George Wahr Sallade, '61L, the
tudent who is trying to round up GOP
irt for con-con.
d now Alvin Bentley, Grad., who will study
ican history and evidently put less em-
s on his efforts, at least as seen by some

Philippines and Thailand have Ambassadors,
able Ambassadors, in Washington. Let them be
asked to explain to their governments why the
Secretary of State cannot leave Washington
when anew Administration is just forming.
Let them be told that the American Ambassa-
dors in Bangkok and Manila will have instrue-
tions backed by the full authority of our gov-
ernmerit.
Moreover, let -us begin to untangle the error
of high policy, which has been to treat pacts of
guarantee, like SEATO, as instruments which
the Ui ted States is trying to sell. The United
States guarantee has been tossed around very
losely. To an unnecessary degree we have been
profligate with our guarantees. We have given
the impression to the world that they are to be
regarded as something we are seeking rather
than as something that, carefully and frugally,
we occasionally give.
1EN'OUR relations with the great powers of-
Western Europe and the Soviet Union, the
Soviet Union, the firmest believer in quiet diplo-
macy will agree that, following his meeting
with Mr.'Macmillan, it would be useful if the
President had a chance to talk face to face
with Gen. de Gaulle, with Dr. Adenauer, and
with Mr. Khrushchev. The real importance of
face to face meetings with these men ,is not
that it is a substitute for quiet negotiation but
that it facilitates quiet negotiation. The heads
of, government need to know what kind of man
their Ambassadors are telling them about. They
need to see the man and to hear him, and not
only to try to imagine him from, photographs
and cartoons.
But this act of getting acquainted, which is
desirable for the new President, must reso-
lutely be kept from becoming inflated into
summitry: One precaution is to have it under-
stood that a formal summit meeting is not now
in prospect. Another precaution is for the Presi-
dent to avoid travelling abroad at- least until he
has finished with his legislative program, in-
cluding foreign aid and defense. This would
.mean that atleast until next summer face to
face meetings would have to take place in
Washington or in New York.
X/1R KHRUSHCHEV ha it annear hadex-

"Listen, - When I Get Through with It, It Won't
Be Worth Belonging To"

''11
F