'N

Seventy-First Year
org_ - EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE uNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN
lions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF $TUDENT PUBLICATIONS
ill Prevail" STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG. * ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241
als printed in The Michigan Daily ex press the individual opinions of staff writers
or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints.'

2; 1961,

NIGHT EDITOR: SUSAN FARRELL

-r


Coeducational Living
A Welcome prospect

NSIDERING the possibility of coeduca-
I housing, Interquadrangle Council has
n one of the pragmatic solutions to the
faction apparent in the dormitory sys-
r the present arrangements quadrangles
ke prisons to the residents; they are
y and do not view them as a living unit
y as housing. In a coeducation situa-
uch of this would change. Residents
feel as though the quadrangles-or
ries-were actually a center of social
male companionship, would be readily
e within, rather than outside the struc-,
vents like movies, dances and open,
would attract more attention with all
s participating.
University abanydoned coeducational
when Mary Markely was built. But
or of this move is apparent from the
of an East Quadrangle Associate Ad-
ho said that the atmosphere of that
g is so much more pleasant .and social
omen are present.
E HAVE BEEN two objections to the
ige; first there is the question of moral-
d, second whether the increased .social-
ill interfere with academic performance.'
he first, there is no reason to believe
orals would change. Certainly, no one
'eating bringing women into the same
as men.
he second, a more relaxed atmosphere

would probably help study. The residence halls
would seei more natural places, more closely
resembling a home situation.
Further, many of the secondary questions
in the dormitories would be resolved. There
would probably be little or no need of dress
regulations in common areas such as dining
rooms. Much of the rowdiness and vandalism
occuring in all-male units, like noisy parties,
stealing silverware and dishes and spilling salt
shakers would quickly disappear. People would
tend to monitor their own behavior and ap-
pearance in a heterosexual group; their action
and the consequences of them would take on
a new meaning.
COEDUCATIONAL HOUSING would also cir-
cumvent two of the biggest mistakes the
University ever made: Mary Markley and
South Quadrarigle. Their unpleasantness is ap-
parent in their 'very construction. Individuality
is purposely kept to a minimum. While these
inherent defects cannot be corrected, the pres-,
ence of women would change the atmosphere
of the place enough to take the residents minds
off the structural defects.'-,
A coeducational situation would to a degree
remove the feeling that the University is trying
to run a student's life. It would not look as
though the University were actually trying to
prevent friendships by placing artificial bar-,
riers of distance between men and women.
HERE IS PRECEDENT for such liberaliza-
tion. Notably, UCLA and the University of
Chicago maintain such dormitories. They have
been successful both from the point of view
of the schools and students concerned. The
Utniversity as well once maintained a coeduca-.
tional residence hall in East Quad.
If the University is truly interested in solving
the problems bf "the residence halls, coeduca-
tional housing is one of the most immediate
and practical means of humanizing the quad-
rangles.
-DAVID MARCUS

"It's All Right To Seat Them, They're Not Americans"
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INTERPRETING THE NEWS:
U.S. Shifts Approach
From Peace to War
By J. M. ROBERTS
Associated Press News Analyst
T HE CUBAN and Southeast Asian situations have propelled the
United States into an agonizing reappraisal of its whole approach
to both hot and cold war throughout the world.
To oversimplify the Kennedy Administration's original approach
to foreign policy, it was to provide an ample position of military
strength as a safety measure, a deterrent and as a background for
negotiations looking toward East-West settlements.
SINCE THE DEFEAT in Cuba and the prospect that Laos can
be saved only by direct military intervention, not through negotiations
in which the Communists will have a very decisive upper hand-and
in the face of a very serious armed threat to all Southeast Asia-
the idea of negotiating for general agreements has been placed on
the back burner.
Top'officials who discussed the nation's aims with several hundred
editors and columnists in Washington this week had almost nothing
to say.about the prospects for negotiation.
Force for the 'immediate problems, education and economic
stability for. the emerging countries for a very long pull, are the
measures paramountin Washington thought today.
BATTLE UNITS already were being trained under' what is, for
the United States, a new concept of paramilitary (guerrilla) support
for internal defenders against Communist tactics as displayed in
South Viet Nain, for instance. The capability for use of similar-tactics
on the offensive-in such places as North Viet Nam'if political de-
cisions call for it, is also being developed.
(Insofar as Viet Nam in concerned, these preparations may be
too late).
Unconventional war has now become conventional in Asia, and
is expected to develop elsewhere as the Communists spread their
campaign to create political dissension in the smaller countries and
then take advantage of It with paramilitary action.
* * * *
THERE ARE STILL no road markers along the political avenues
to paramilitary intervention without violating traditional sensibilities
both at home and among America's allies.
But there is growing emphasis that the survival of western
institutions may depend upon the answers.
There are still many people in Washington assigned to study
means and methods of negotiated peace, and they work at it. But
thinking in general seems to have been forced off that road onto a
long detour.
[DAILY" OFFCABULTN

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@;9Gt T I i.t, N'+iN3trro f FbST f,°"

EFFORT NEEDED:--
Te Case of Peace

Cash

T DIRECTOR David Bell sat in on
weekend's meetings concerning the
is.
e planning a return to Dollar Diplo-

-P. SHERMAN

Kennedy's First Blunder

IESIDENT KENNEDY'S DECISION to
launch the United States-backed invasion of
a may reflect a new trend in American:
ign policy or, perhaps, the tactics behind
Cuban blunder were the inevitable results
action taken by the Eisenhower adminis-
ion in whose footsteps the new president
forced to follow.
a either case Kennedy should profit from
itter lesson. Now is not the time to sow the
Is of remorse. How the president will handle"
Cuban crisis, if, in fact, it is one, this'
Ik and in the weeks to come is' far more+
iortant than the sorry episode of the past.
'he first and ,perhaps, only substantial in-
ation that can be gleaned from the reams
news service tapes which flooded the offices
the American press last week, is that the.
sident seems committed to a firmer hold
Lnd -the necks of the Communists. *He
ke in no uncertain terms regarding his
ntiVon to choke off red infiltration of the'
stern Hemisphere. But his "go it alone"
icy may indeed be an overestimation of
problem, an excess whose net gains will be
ely limited.
HRUSHCHEV HAS WARNED that dirty
politics lies on a two-way street. And to the
itral nations of Africa and Asia, whose'
apathy, the free world cannot afford to
e, the United States has again fallen down-
n her loft of democratic ideals.
:n their eyes we were indisputably the
essor. It is no secret that the anti-Castro
ces which invaded the Cuban beaches, and
e, defeated in less than 72 hours by the
nmunist controlled Latin American govern-
ut, were trained and supplied by the
Subviersive
HANKS to their intrepid political leaders,
the citizens of New York are now safe
mi subversive drivers. Governor Rockefeller
ured us of this vital protection by signing a
to revoke the automobile driver's license of
r person convicted of advocating the over-
ow of the Federal Government.
s there- really nothing too childish to be
ie in the name of fighting communism? It
y not be surprising that this probably un-
istitutional bit of jingoism could sail through
Legislature. But it is sad .that a Governor
cwn throughout the state and nation as a
oral would sign this silly bill.
-THE NEW YORK TIMES'
-- - - .

United States which gave full approval of the
action.
Accusations of "imperialism" and "colonial-
ism" flowed in abundance from the foreignd
press. The London Daily Express lent its
moral support to the Kennedy mission in its
early hours. But when the alarm which had
been set failed to go off as planned, the
President was suddenly left holding the bag.
The 7-ondon Daily Mail dubbed the defeat "a
shocking blow to American prestige."
We cannot afford to again puace ourselves
in such a precarious ,position. If the calculated
invasion had been successful only our enemies
could have scorned us. When we failed we
lost the sympathy of our allies as well. And,
more important, the aggressive course which
we seem set upon may repulse prospective
friends, whom we have now impressed as well
with our military weakness.
7H E GROSS MISCALCULATIONS of the
Central Intelligence Agency, whose job it
is to advise the National Security Council on
military matters, are inexcusable in the eyes
of the world. The organization has performed
a dual' function since its establishment in
1947. Under the direction of Allen Dulles, who
succeeded General Walter Bedell Smith as
director, the agency is both an intelligence-
gathering organization and an operation group.,
CIA has performed such duties as espionage
and sabotage for the NSC.
The question of the advisability of the dual
role of the organization has been raised before.
It appears that CIA took an operational in-
terest in proving that its intelligence calcula-
tions were correct.
The Cuban scene was set before Kennedy
took office in January. The Eisenhower ad-
ministration openly encouraged CIA's activities
and gave support to the training and arming of
the anti-Castro exiles.
CIA WENT WRONG in two specific areas.
They underestimated the quantity of Com-
munist-arms which Castro had at his dis-
posal, and they overestimated support from
the Cuban people themselves for the anti-
Castro invaders.
Now we are faced with the facts that the
pro-Communist leaders has gained a stronger
hold over the island and that he is well supplied
with munitions for warfare.
How strong is this threat which lies so
close to the United States mainland? Kennedy,
himself, has admitted that Cuba is a greater
worry for the Latin American countries than
it is for the United States. Castro up to now
has not attempted to use his military power
against any. other Caribbean nation. If he
attempts to do so, we have cause to take
action. But before that time any armed United
States intervention is clearly incongruent with
former foreign policy.

By GAIL EVANS
Daily Staff writer
MILITARY EXPERTS predicta
war in the next ten, jears.
Scientists predict incomprehen-
sible devastation from a nuclear
halocaust. Yet the amount of
study and money being put into
analyzing the causes of war and
Isolating the steps, toward peace
is infinitisemal compared *o the'
amount of effort. going into the
production of weapons.
"There are 90 people working
on disarmament, compared to 90,-
000 working on armaments,' Prof.
Kenneth Boulding laments.
Recently, at a unique seminar
at the Conflict Resolution Cen-
ter, Prof. Boulding and others
demonstrated their concern for the
problem of world peace. Members'
of the Center' met with "The
Walkers," a pacifist group, who
were in Ann Arbor on their Walk
for Peace from San Francisco toj
Moscow, and informally batted
around ideas concerning the ends
and means of world peace.
* * *
THE BIG QUESTION accord-
ing to Prof. Boulding is "if you
want peace what do you have to
do? The existing values will pro-
duce war. What has to be changed
to alter these values?"
Certainly, society no longer nur-
tures romantic ideas about the
glories of war. With the advent
of nuclear weapons war as such
has become totally obsolescent.
Even the economic aspects of
war cannot be- the cause of most
chauvinistic "values." Business-
men may not be opposed to cold
war, but it is difficult to believe
that they could be so short-
sighted as to promote a hot war.
Today military defeat is synony-
mous with economic and social
destruction.
* * *
PROF. BOULDING correctly as-
serts that society's encouragement
of the arms race could well lead
to war. Society is not willing to
totally disarm. We have not
reached that stage of political and
intellectual maturity. There is the
ever-present fear that not all na-

tions would scrupulously enforce
the banning of arms and one law-
breaker would rise and take over
the World.
The reason "The Walkers" are
seelking disarmament is that they,,
as well as many others, fear the
advent of accidental war. After the'
"Side-Winder incident" early last
month, the possibility of a me-
chanical failure setting off a major
war has become frighteningly
evident to all.
Men aboard subs armed with
Polaris missiles carrying nuclear
war-heads are another potential
source of unintentional war. After
being submerged for several
months, might not tensions pcause
a temporary insanity-and ever-
lasting destruction?
"THE WALKERS" espouse the
cause of non-violent resistance as
a substitute for all-out world con-
flict. They assert that the United
States should disarm whether the
USSR follows suit or not.dy
The U.S. would undoubtedly'
avoid a nuclear war thrpugh this
policy, since Russia could become
dominant without the atom. But
the problem we face is whether we,
want to risk possible dominaton
by outsiders with another politicsl
philosophy or whether we should.
take the chance of war in order to
preserve our way of life.
Prof. Boulding offers one other
solution besides universal dis-
armament or non-violent resist-
ence. He proposes that a union of
the world's armed forces be creat-
ed. The united armies would no
longer represent the people of the
state who are paying for them.
Once the unification of the various
militaries was accomplished, they
would merely become "decorative"
bodies-ineffective, useless.
Though the practicallity of this
suggestion is extremely doubtful,
one wonders whether Secretary of
State Rusk's proposal for a stand-
ing UN army might not be a first
step along the line of de-nation-
alization of the world's armed
forces.
CERTAINLY, it is our moral
obligation to strive to solve the

problem of lasting world peace.
Presently, Russia and the United
States are close to forming ;a
committee on arms control.
But the public cannot expsact
the government alone to initiate
world peace. As one of the Walkers
lamented, "Everyone waits for the
institution to change. It just does-
n't happen by magic. The in-
dividual must take action." On
this basis the value of peace move-
ments like "The Walkers" be-,
cOmnes evident.
The role bf the University's
Conflict Resolution Center is also
important on the same grounds.
It is a group of individuals com-
mitted to developing indicies of
world conflict and tension. One
member of the group laughingly
called the organization "Survival
Incorporated."
Survival is certainly apressing
question. No one can afford to 'for-
get the fact that the more nu-
clear weapons produced, the
greater the chance of an acci-
dental war. Whatever the initial
cause of World War III might be,
the resulting effect will be cata-
strophic for world society. Our'
present goal should be to equalize
the ration between spending for
war and spending for peace.
Tiumph
4AY the United Nations act to-,
day in such fashion that
reason will triumph over force.
The very fate of the United Na-
tions is at stake.
The lessons of history teach us
to be vigilant. The old United
Nations turned a deaf ear to the
appeals of such nations as Ethio-
pia, and this fatal failing in the
end brought about the downfall of
that organization.
all peace-loving nations,
and more particularly the smaller
countries must make every effort
to induce the governments of Cuba
and the . United States to settle
peacefully this dispute which has
set them against each other.
-Mr. Doumboya of Guinea
in the UN

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Building,
before 2 p.m., two days preceding
publication.
TUESDAY, MAY 2
General Notices
Examinations: The last doctoral for-
eign language reading examinations this
semester will be given on June 1. Since
facilities for the examinations are lim-
ited, it will be wise for persons. wish-
ing to be examined before the close of
the semester to sign up as soon as'
possible for a specific examination dtate.
Contact the Foreign Language Exam-
iner, 3028 Rackham Bldg., to set an
examination date.'
Preliminary Examinations fdr the Doc-
torate in Education: All applicants for
the doctorate who are planning to take
the Mayi preliminary examinations in
Education, May 29, 30, 21, and June 1,
must file their names in the Graduate
Office in Educatiop., 4019 University
High School, not later thAn May 5.
' Graduating Seniors: Order caps and
gowns immediately from Moe's Sport
Shop, 711 North University, Mon.-Sat.
$:30-5:30.
Approval for the following student-
sponsored activities becomes effective
24 hours after the publication of this
notice. All publicity for these events
must be withheld until the approval
has become effective.
May 3 Political Issues Club, Speaker
L. A. P. Gosling, "Communism in South
East Asia," Union room 3-C, 7:30 p.m.
Agenda: Student Government Council
May 3, 1961, 7:30 P.M., Council Room
Constituents' Time 9:00
Minutes of previous meeting.
'Officers Report's: President. Letters.
Exec.evice-President, Interim Action;
Change in interview procedure; Ap-
pointments, Interviewing Board for
Comm. on Membership; Regional Exec-
utive Committee (NSA).
Admin. vice-President, Appointments;
Interviewing and Nominating Commit-
tee.V
Treasurer, Financial Report.
Standing Committees: Recognitions
Committee, Baptist Student Union --
permanent recognition.
Ad Hoc Committees and Related
Boards:
Special Business: Commission on
Year-Round Integrated Operation on
the University.
Old Business: Discussion of Ex-offi-
cios; Restructure of Council.
New Business: Peace Corps.
Constituents' Time.
Announcements.
Adjournment.

Foreign Visitors
Following are' the foreign visitors who
will be on the campus this week on
the dates indicated. Program arrange-
ments are being made by the Inter-
national Center: Mrs. Henry J. Meyer.
Johannes W. Acda, Head, Central
Programme Service,."Radio Nederland,"
Hilversum, The Netherlands, May 1-3.
Prof. Roberto F. Raufet (Mrs. Raufet
will accompany him), Asst. Inspector
General of Secondary Education (Re-
tired). Federal Ministry of Education,
Buenos Aires, Argentina, May 2-4.
Dr. Wolfgang Geiseler, Chief of Mu-
sic Dept., RIAS, Sender Freies Berlin,
Germany, May 3-5.
Prof.' Carios E. Vargas Mendez, Direc-
tor of University Choir and Prof. of
Music Appreciation, Univ. of Costa
Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica, May 4-8.
Dr. Youssef Shaqra, Secretary Gen-
eral, Ministry of Culture & Nat'l Guid-
ance for the Syrian Region, Syria, Unit-
ed Arab Republic, May 4-7.
Group of 1Professors and Students
(Bolivia), Dept. ofsEconomics, Univer-
sity of Tomas Frias, Potosi, Bolivia, May
8.
1Ikrogram arrangements for the fol-
lowing visitor are being made by the
Law School, Professor william J. Pierce,
Director of the Legislative Research
Center.
Dr. John Koo, Legal Adviser to Atomic
Energy Council, Republic of China.,
Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China,
April 26-May 3.
Program arrangements for the fol-
lowing visitor are being made by
School of Music: Ross Lee Finney.
Ioannis Papaioannou, Musician; Ar-
chitect, and Deputy Director of Re-
search project,' Athens Technological
Institute, Athens, Greece, May 2-6.
Events Wednesday
Sociology Colloquium: A panel dis-
cussion of Comparative Social Research:
Turkey, England and Yugoslavia by Dr.
Oguz Ari, Univ. of Istanbul, and Mrs.
Mara -Julius, Yugoslavia, in East Con-
ference Rm., Rackham Bldg., May 3,
4:15 p.m.
Doctoral Examination for C arles
Robert Donnelly, Education; thesis:
"The Preparation, Functions, ant Cer-
tification of Public' Junior College
Teachers in Michigan," Wed., May 3,
4200G U.H.S., at 3:00 p.m. Chairman, M.
M. Chambers.
Doctoral Examination for Sol Gittle-
man, Comparative Literature; thesis:
"The Reception of Edward Fitzgerald's
'Rubalyat of Omxar Khayyam' in Eng-
land'and in Germany," Wed., May 3,
1210 Angell Hall, at 4:00 p.m. Co-Chair-
men, Austin Warren and O. G. Graf.
Placement .
PLACEMENT INTERVIEWS: Bureau
of Appointments-Seniors & grad. stu.
(Continued on Page 5)


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