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QUADRANGLE RADIO:
It's Time To Join the Community

APRIL 26, 1961

NIGHT EDITOR: JOHN ROBERTS

US. An CLaotion .War

(EDITOR'S NOTE: This is the
first article in a two part analysis
of the problems and direction of
student radio station WCBN.)
By THOMAS HUNTER
Daily Staff Writer
IN A MOVE to satisfy some of
the unrest kicked up by the
recent exposure of the long-
ignored Scheub report on quad-
rangle conditions, the Inter-
Quadrangle Council conducted a
public examination of the men's
residence halls system recently. It
was to be the first positive action
taken toward solving certain ques-
tions about the quadrangle system
since Harold Scheub first sat down
to Write his report last year.
Whether the meeting and its re-
sultant "few unofficial recom-
mendations" will be the first con-
structive action to be taken is
debatable and won't be known,
until some of these unofficial re-
commendations are put into effect.
Constructive or not, the discus-

sion must at least be called an
honest-even noble-effort on the
part of IQC. The keynote to the
talks was a thorough and un-
inhibited presentation of the prob-
lems of the quad system and their
possible solutions.
* * *
BUT FOR ALL of IQC's deter-
mination to make the examination
complete, one sore spot in the
quadrangle system was left not
touched upon-the future of stu-
dent radio station WCBN.
The WCBN story did not find
its way into the finger-pointing
Scheub report, being one of the.
very few quadrangle agencies to
escape examination.
The radio network, conceived in
the quadrangles and presently
broadcasting from all three of
them-with quadrangle equipment
--calls itself the Campus Broad-
casting Network. It is at best a
dormitory broadcasting network.
It ideally should be (and can be) a
campus network.

THE SOLUTION IS this. Allow
the network, if not to consolidate
into a single studio-a step to-
ward practicality likely to be re-
jected by the quadrangle councils
and efficiency-at least to operate
on an open' broadcasting system
rather than the closed system now
in use so that WCBN could become
a real part of the University and
Ann Arbor communities.
It is only elementary that to be-
come an integral part of the Uni-
versity, to contribute to its well-
being (the self-avowed and well-
taken interest of the station's
present administration), WCBN
must be able to reach every po-.
tential listener in the community.
Yet the station with its present
broadcasting method serves an,
audience that is essentially limited
to the dormitories.
In its limited broadcast service
the station sends its signal over
telephone or private lines to cer-
tain dormitories whereas regular
radio stations transmit via wireless

LL HURTING FROM its defeat in Cuba,
ae U.S. seems to be asking for even more
ale in Laos.
hen the British and Russians announced
ceasefire agreement on Laos, the U.S.
conspicuous by the caution-or disappoint-
;---with which it greeted the news.
announced that it wouldn't attend the 14
n peace conference in May unless it was
fled beforehand with the validity of the,
fire. It also said:
That it would continue training and
ng the forces of rightist Boun Oum, and
That it was disturbed because the cease-
terms did not call for an end to Soviet
fts to the Communist Pathet Lao.
W, PERHAPS THE reason the U.S. will
ontinue to give arms to the rightists is
use it thinks the Russians will arm the
et Lao regardless of what we do.
it when Souvanna Phouma, a neutralist,
aled to all parties to stop sending arms
his country, the U.S. didn't see any point
wying attention to him.
e rebels are on the offensive in Laos now.
'eathing spell would hurt them by giving
losers-i.e. Boun Oum-a chance to re-
nize.
arning the rebels that we will continue

arming Boun Oum is telling them not to
along with the ceasefire--it's a sabotage
the British efforts to work a compromise.

go
of

Whi L

UDENTS IN RESIDENCE hall government
have attacked the problem of increased
n and board rates from an extremely naive
unrealistic viewpoint.,
ssuming such a rate increase is a certainty,
7 have searched their collective minds and
>ounded a scheme to minimize the increase
bandon the Sunday night supper.
be argument for such a move is founded
the belief that it will save $15 a year per,
lent and that the appreciation for quad
1 will be greater When the student dines
once a week, thus suffering himself to be
-upted by restaurant meals.
)VOCATES OF THIS plan do not overlook
the fact that dining out once a week costs
student more than $15 a year. Their an-
r is that it is better "psychology" to tell
lents they are saving money even if this
unts to a lie.
he University should be honest with its
lents, but the students should be honest
i themselves. This is a fundamental tenant'
,tudent government.
e question of quality of food still remains.
quads and d6rms admit to serving "in-
itional" food whose basic value and care
preparation are much lower than in the
'age restaurant, yet student leaders argued
quad food would seem better to residents
r a night out.
.student who has spent any time living in
residence halls can not call the food
rior to that of outside dining facilities un-
he is unrealistic and a fool. If he holds
sition in student government and still be-
s so, he unfortunately must perpetuate the
eotype of ignorance, gauche and imma-
y that describe the much-reviled "quad-,

BECAUSE THE U.S. is so heavily involved
in Laos, the administration is being ridi-
culous in boycotting the peace talks. If the
U.S. doesn't attend, then there won't be any
talks, and there won't be any peace.
The anonymous views the administration
gave reporters showed up well in the Associated
Press stories yesterday:
"Rusk and other U.S. authorities faced
-the prospective Geneva Conference with
scant optimism. The Reds have the bar-
gaining cards stacked in their favor be-
cause of their strong military position in
Laos.
"Under a policy of keeping its powder
dry, the U.S. government planned to con-
tinue its supplying, training and advising
of Lao government forces during the con-
ference."
Scant optimism for what? It seems to mean
scant optimism for the triumph of Boun Oum's
right-wing government. But the attempt by
the U.S. to set up Laos as an ally would be sure
to prolong the war.
N A SPEECH a few weeks ago Kennedy said
ie would'"accept a neutral Laos; now it seems
he is no longer sure. But only a neutral gov-
ernment could be accepted by both Russia
and the U.S.
We are saying that we'd rather try our luck
at setting up a -rightist government than risk
being compromised at a peace table. But if
the U.S. isn't willing to compromise there's no
point in going to a conference.
All the administration's comments seem to
point toward war, not peace. Despite our ex-
perience with the Cuban fiasco, we must hope
again that the administration is more far-
sighted than it is willing or able to let on.
-PETER STEINBERGER
SOME EXTREMELY INJUDICIOUS dissen-
sion took place Monday on the bench of
the United States Supreme Court during its
weekly public session.
Chief Justice Earl Warren charged Justice
Felix Frankfurter with "degrading the court"
in his deliverance of the dissenting opinion in
an appellate case from the Washington, D.C.,
courts.
Frankfurter, who did not read the formal dis-
sent, but summarized it orally as is his custom,
was accused with "giving a lecture... a clos-
ing argument by the prosecutor to a jury" and
of going beyond the written argument.
Certainly the language used by Frankfurter,
which attacked the majority in somewhat abu-
sive terms, is not proper-particularly if, as
Warren indicated, the comments did not re-
flect the formal dissent which other justices
had concurred in.
But it is equally improper for the Chief
Justice to issue a public rebuke. As he himself
said to Frankfurter, "it is properly made, per-
haps, in the conference room (of the court),
but not in the courtroom."
-R. FARRELL



r

"We Can

Use a Compact Too"

LETTERS TO THE EDITOR:-
Why Can't U.S.
Do Anything Right

signal. This means that the thou-
sands in apartments, fraternity
and sorority houses, Fletcher Hall,
Martha Cook and the Law Quad-
rangle are practically oblivious to
the existence of the network
"owned and operated by University
students". It means, too, that the
businessmen that do buy time
never hear the end result of their
investment--a seemingly unsound
business practice for a station with
its share of financial difficulty.
WHAT TO DO about it? Keep
the present system closed to the
dormitories, suggests Bob Farley,
the station's chief technical en-
gineer, since it cuts out annoying
distortions that steel structure,
fluorescent lights and other fix-
tures cause to a regular broadcast.
Then go about the difficult and
costly job of acquiring Federal
.Communications Commission per-
mission to install both an adequate
transmitter and antenna and prob.
ably an independent building, to'
house the new set-up. Tie the two
systems together and for the first
time you have campus-wide "cam-
pus radio".r
The question of whether WCBN
should remain in the quadrangles
or come out intd the campus pro-
per has existed practically as long
as the station itself-a good 13
years according to the memory of
Stan Levy.
Levy-now an assistant to James
Robertson, Associate Dean of the
literary college, and past station
manager at East Quadrangle-,
says, "There was difficulty from
the very start determining whether
we were a University station or a
residence hall station. We decid'ed
in my time that it belonged to the
residence halls."
* * *
AT THE START the station s
radio equipment was about as

I

scarce as its audience. But the
experiment, after a successful
start in a West Quadrangle linen
room, was carried into East (uad-
rangle, and a few years later ama-
teur radio men were toying in
the spacious, well-equipped studio
that came along with South Quad-
rangle. The new studio made a
fine training ground for quad-
rangle men with radio in their fu-
tures and the idea of vocational
experience came to be the guiding
purpose.
Soonsthe studio's at the three
quadrangles united and gained
permission from the University to
advertise commercially, Levy says.
At first they combined on an in-
formal basis, but the station began
to resemble a business. Soon there
were scheduling clashes, differ-
ences in policy, financial problems
and other troubles, and the studios
decided to make their alliance
more formal.
In their constitution they wrote
they were moving "to promote a
spirit of unity and co-operation
among the individual Quadrangle
stations, to organize a represen-
tative body to raise broadcasting
and technical standards, to rep-
resent WCBN at the University
and to the outside world . ."
There was not one word about
training quadrangle men for the
radio profession. When the idea
did reappear in their newest con-
stitution, the studios wrote that
their purpose was not to provide
experience to quadrangle men but
to "University students".
The tendency, then, is for the
station not to remain within its
quadrangular confines but to grow
out toward the rest of the campus.
That WCBN jmay. join the rest of
the community is not only pre-
ferred, it is a simple extension of
the,direction in which the station
has been and is now neaded.

x -Y
UNIVERSITY OF DETROIT:

Officials Limit Literary Freedom

(Letters to the Editor should be
limited to 300 words, typewritten
and double spaced. The Daily re-
serves the right to edit or withhold
any letter. Only signed letters will
be, printed.)
To the Editor:
ASSUME for a minute, if you
will, that our federal govern-
ment is justified in supporting an
organization such as the CIA and
that they are justified in using
supposed Russian methods of taid-
ing' revolutions in places such as
Cuba. Suppose that such things
are morally and politically proper.
Also :assume that propaganda.
movies at 'Operation Abolition' are
a proper part of justification for
HUAC (also assume for a second
if you can that HUAC is justifi-
able).
Assuming all this, why in the
heck can't our federal government
do something right? Why must
they bungle everything they do?
They not only screwed up the
Cuban revolution but then admit-
ted that we helped plan and sup-
port the movement. Thus we not
only proved our guilt but showed
dishonesty (we tried to lie our
way out ofdthe mess first), cow-
ardness and stupidity. As anyone
who has seen the movie 'Operation
Abolition' can tell you, the gov-
ernment's attempt at a propagan,
da movie was a complete flop.
* * *
IS IT THAT such bungling is
inherent in our democratic so- ,
-ciety? Maybe I should have said
bureaucratic society. Could it be
that our present form of govern-
ment cannot collect accurate in-
formation? Is it impossible for
the government to act in any way
other than the wrongway?
Perhaps what this country needs
is a careful examination of the so-
called 'American way.' Possibly
we will find that our nation has
declined and would fall except for
the support of red tape and the
fact that a bureaucracy cannot
act fast, even in its own downfall-
ing.
Perhaps however, there is some
reason, some sense of right and
wrong deep down inside which, if
found and given a chance to grow,

i

-M. OLINICK

CUBAN FIASCO:
Kennedy Seeks New Strategy

By JOHN M. HIGHTOWER
Associated Press News Analyst
RESIDENT KENNEDY HAS assigned the
top agencies of his administration the job
figuring out a new, strategy for destroying
stroism in Cuba.
Ke has taken on himself the task of winning
m Republican leaders a moratorium on
nestic political argument which could wreck°
new attempt before it was launched.
ks of yesterday, high officials privately con-
le that neither Kennedy nor anyone else
Washington knows what the next move
iinst the pro-Communist prime minister in
vana will be.
iany plans are reported under consideration,
Lging from direct U.S. military action ' (now.
,hly unlikely) to imposition of inter-Ameri-
i political sanctions (which U.S. officials
y much desire).
3ut basic to the future, in' Kennedy's view,
he need to prevent a Republican-Democratic
fight over the recent failure from wrecking
ure operations.
Co that end Kennedy has conferred with
mner President Dwight D. Eisenhower, former
e-President Richard' M. Nixon, the 1960
P presidential candidate, Gov. Nelson A.
ckefeller of New York, and Sen. Barry
Ldwater (R-Ariz).
5 .5 _. .. . ..d'.. .. . L . . _ . . . . .! L

rebel forces last week was a setback of almost
disastrous proportions for U.S. policies toward
Cuba.
Two sets of studies now are under way. One is
concerned with a resurvey of U.S.-Cuban re-
lations looking toward the destruction of Cas-
tro's rule. Informants said that the President
clearly is committed to bring Castro down in
some manner, considering him a threat to the
stability of the Western hemisphere, just as a
Soviet base in Cuba would be to the security
of the United States.
The other study goes more directly.into the
operation of the Central Intelligence Agency,
which reportedly helped train and equip the
1,200-man Cuban rebel assult force which
launched the abortive landing operation against
Castro eight days ago. This study is under the
direction of retired Army Gen. Maxwell D.
Taylor.
Several possible lines of action are under
consideration-but none of them near firm
decision: -
1) Naval blockade--in the President's view
this would be an act of war and probably not
a very effective one since a blockade is de-
signed to strangle a nation to death slowly.
Kennedy and Secretary of State Dean Rusk
so far have been cold to this procedure.
2) Economic embargo-a partial embargo is
already in effect. To impose a total embargo
would dpnv +he rCnhrn nannip fnnatnffr and

By BEATRICE TEODORO
Daily Staff Writer
THE UNIVERSITY OF Detroit
recently invited many distin-
guished figures in the fields of
literature, music, busniess, science,
philosophy and the plastic arts to
its campus for a conference on the
role of "creative minds in the
crisis of freedom."
For three days symposia were
held, featuring comment on the
arts and their function and future.
It is very likely that few, if any,
of the participants in the well-
attended discussions were aware
of the highly irregular procedures
taking place simultaneously on the
U. of D. campus concerning a
university-published literary ma-
gazine, Fresco.
Until last September, Fresco was
a purely campus-oriented maga-
zine, with student editors and
contributors. During 1960 plans
were made to refocus the purpose
of "Fresco" and make it a literary
publication of national interest,
with outside professional contri-
butors. A young member of the
English department faculty, Jer--
ome Mazzaro, was selected to au-
tonomously edit the magazine, the
only restrictions being that con-
tent remain "within the bounds
of good taste."
** *
ON FEBRUARY 13 the second
issue of the magazine appeared,
with routine free distribution to
students in campus buildings. The
next day, 900 copies were removed
from circulation by the University.
The administration's explanation
for the action was directed toward
the usage of a"four letter" word
in a fiction work written by Paul
Goodman, contemporary autho:-
and critic.
The suppression of the 900 is-
sues was a hasty reaction on the
part of the University. If the

a Doctor of Double Dementia -
trained not to see things that
exist and to believe in the things
that do not exist."
* * *
BUT THE UNIVERSITY offered
no comment on the rest of Good-
man's story and based its action
on the damaging effects of the
four letter word in a university
publication.
This raises the question of just
why this word is so particularly
offensive. Certainly the student
body is not so impressionable as to
be morally harmed by a single
example of language which can be
found, in abundance, in most 35
cent paperbacks. Could it be that
the -university, a private institu-
tion financially dependent on
grants and gifts, was apprehensive
that its benefactors would be pro-
perly shocked?
* * 1*
THE DISAGREEMENT also
centered around the function of
an editor. The university felt Maz-
zaro should have judged the tem-
perament of the campus and
changed the word. (Kennedy com-
mented that the word was ap-
propriate as it was the type of
language the speaker would na-
turally use. He added however
that there would be no greav loss
if the word were altered, Mazzaro
felt as editor he was to do a
minimal amount of revision to an
author's contribution.
Several days after the contro-
versial issue appeared, the publi-
cations board met to discuss the
future of "Fresco." There were
suggestions that the magazine be
cancelled immediately or that the
last issue be published to complete
the first volume, and that it be
cancelled for the coming year. At
that meeting ,it was decided to
complete the volume and publish
the final issue of the year.

The new editor will have to ex-
plain his editorial policy to the
board and from then on will have
"free rein," he said.
* * *
EVEN THOUGH THE maga-
zine will continue to function a
dangerous precedent has been set.'
Should any university have the
authority to arbitrarily suppress.
a campus-published magazine with'
no more explanation than dis-
agreement with the printing of a
single word? And should this uni-
versity on the same vague basis
also jeopordize the future exis-
tense of a magazine which was be-
ginning to gain favorable national
recognition?
Is it possible that a financially,
dependent university might resort
to such policy because of economic
pressures, rather than valid liter-
ary criticisms?
Is such action on the part of
an academic institution any in-
dication of the future of creative
minds in the "crisis of freedom?"

might yet save us from our seem-
ing doom.
--J. West. '61
Garbage, Flowers ...
To the Editor:
N THAT architecture, architec-
ture that lasts, is a creation of
the imagination plus the world of
technical knowledge required; I
cannot believe the concept is re-
ducible to a series of steps and
applied formulas in designing a
solution.
What distinguishes a Kling or
an Elwood from a Le Corbusier or
Wright is the ability of the mind's
eye to breathe emotion into an
originally organic material. Only
a few possess the quality of see-
iig beyond the obvious functional
and visual demands into the or-
dered and emotional impact that
architecture may convey.
We do not have enough people
who see, and so architecture be-
comes an ambiguous word to
many. And the sight of a pretty
facade creates a false i1lusion of
"good" architecture. One cannot
say that in the moment of time
of 10 or 15 years the architecture
must still be "liked, for if the
composition is of great strength it
will live for centuries to follow.
** *
IF YOU MUST publish words
on architecture then select an ar-
chitect. Do some research and
then perhaps you may say some-
thing to your readers. Attempt to
put down in words what Mies van
der Rohe may accomplish with
two vertical planes, or try and ex-
plain how Frank Lloyd Wright
can mould the emotions with
space, and then discourse on how
Le Corbusier's Modulor controls
every line of Ronchamp chapel.
And then perhaps your eyes will
see for the first time.
Man keeps looking in garbage
cans-give him a flower bed and
observe the difference. You will
find that he does have eyes that
see.
--John Reno, '63A&D
High Level-..
To the Editor:
FEEL THAT the content of
the student program in the re-
cent contemporary musical festi-
val placed it-on a particularly high
level of interest. With great ad-
miration for all students partici-
pating, I would like to express the
purely personal reaction of deep-
est absorption in the "Continuum"
for cello and viola by Roger Rey-
nolds, so brilliantly played by
Elisabeth Lichty and Arthur Fol-
lows, and Carl Alexius' Piano So-
nata in its compelling, sensitive
performance by Lucien Stark.
ALSO. I MUST take exception
to the view expressed in the post-
concert discussion that the kind
of writing utilized in the works
mentioned is unsympathetic to
the tonal capabilities of the in-

rDAILY OFFICIAL BULLETIN'

The Daily Official Bulletin is an
official publication of The Univer-
sity of Michigan for which The
Michigan Daily assumes no editorial
responsibility. Notices should be
sent in TYPEWRITTEN form to
Room 3519 Administration Building,
before 2 p.m., two days preceding
publication.
WEDNESDAY, APRIL 26
General Notices
REGENTS' MEETING: May 18, 19, and
20. Communications for consideration
at this meeting must be in the Presi-
dent's hands not later than May 8.
Please submit twenty-one copies of
each communication.

Dr. Jesus I. Martinez, Exec. Secretary
of U.S. Educational- (Fulbright) Foun-
dation in Philippines. Philippines, April
27-30.
(Program arrangements for the fol-s
lowing visitor are being made by the
Dept. of Engineering: Dr. V. Arpaci.
Dr. F. Narter, Rector, Technical Univ.,
Istanbul, Turkey, April 23-25.
(Program arrangements for the fol-
lowing visitor are being made by the
Dept. of Psychology: Dr. E. Lowell
Kelly.) .
Dr. Carlos Laguinge, Head of Psy-
chology Dept., Catholic Univ., Cordoba,
Argentina, April 23-30.
(Program arrangements for the fol-
lowing visitor are being made by the
Institute for Social Research: Dr. Alvin
Zander.)

I