11

THE MICHIGAN DAILY

knti-Castro Forces Hit
Cubarin Air, Sea Invasion

Auba Claims,
U.S. Planes!

Helped Raid
By The Associated Press
S UNITED NATIONS -- Cuba
charged last night that United
States-carrier based jet planes
were taking part in the invasion
attempt aimed at toppling Prime
Minister Fidel Castro from power.
The United States promptly denied
it.
Cuba further charged that reg-
ular United States forces from
Guantanamo Naval Base had en-
tered the fight in Oriente Prov-
ince.
The new charges followed ear-
lier accusations that the invasion
had been launched both from
Florida and Guatemala in an act
of undeclared war by the United
States.
Deny Charges
In Washington a Navy spokes-
man said "there is nothing" to
either the story of the U.S. car-
rier-based planes or regular U.S.
forces from Guantanamo taking
part in the fight.
"We don't even have a carrier
in that vicinity," he said.
Cuban Foreign Minister Raul'
Roa delivered the charges before
the United Nations Political Com-
mittee, and denials came from
United States Chief Delegate Ad-
lai E. Stevenson.
Demonstrate Outside UN
While the committee was in ses-
sion, about 1,000 backers of.Fidel
Castro's Cuban government dem-
pnstrated outside the United Na-'
tions building, charging the Unit-
ed States had a hand in yester-
day's invasion of Cuba.
The UN pickets included about
750 who had demonstrated.earlier.
at the skyscraper housing the U.S.
mission to the United Nations.
Meanwhile, the Soviet bloc laid
before the committee a formal de-.
maid for an end to "the military
aggression against the Republic of
Cuba." In a resolution submitted
by Romania the Soviet bloc also
called for a halt without delay of
all assistance to the invaders,
Call Castro Tyrant
Stevenson expressed sympathy
for the Cubans seeking to over-
throw Castro and denounced the
Cuban leader as a Soviet-sup-
ported tyrant.
Roa took the floor immediately
at the opening of the committee's
night session to say he had new
word from Cuban President Os-
valdo Dorticos on a new U.S. role
in the invasion-.
The Cuban foreign minister said,
he was informed tha't after shoot-
ing down a B-26 plane of the in-
vading force a jet from Castro's
own air force went after another
invading jet.
Two jet planes from a U. S. car-
rier came to the aid of the retreat-
ing Jet and escorted it in the
withdrawal, he added..

ATTACK U. S.-Cuban Foreign Minister Raul 1soa charged the
United States aided pilots that bombed Cuban airfields yesterday
and is an accomplice to the invasion at yesterday's- session of the
United Nations Political Committee.
oviets Pledge Support
-&
or. Castro Government
MOSCOW (J)-The government newspaper Izvestia said last night
the Communist world stands behind Fidel Castro.
"Cuba is not alone. All progressive mankind is with her," said the
headlines in the newspaper over a story reporting the invasion by
anti-Castro forces. Izvestia called the invaders "a band of American
,hirelings."
Accompanying the story was a cartoon of the Cuban prime min-
ister, .machine gun in hand, repelling an evil-lookging midget invader
wearing a helmet labeled "made in United States of America." Pic-
tured helping the invaders was a man from behind. the horizon, hid-,
ing his face but with hands labeled with dollar signs.
The article quoted Adlai E. Stevenson, United States Ambassador

I.

to the United Nationis, as saying

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World News,
Rdunduxn
By The Associated Press,
CAPE TOWN, South Africa-
Prime Minister Hendrik F. Vero-
werd warned in a Senate speech
yesterday that his government will
take "appropriate steps" to insure
law and order when South Africa
becomes a republic on May 31.
* * * *
MADISON, Wis.-Sen. Eugene
McCarthy (D-Minn) said yester-
day the administration's hanis-
off policy toward the buildup of
Cuban exile forces in Florida could
be interpreted as a United States
attempt to advance their cause.
* * *

iat the attacks were the work of the
*Cubans themselves. Stevenson
made the statement Saturday in
connection with air attacks on
Cuba. Izvestia commented: "There
is really no limit to cynicism."
Plans Underway
Izvestia said "interventionist"
plans were long under way in the
Upited States, and likened the sit-'
uation to the Guatemalan revolu-
tion of "1954, when rebel invaders
overthrew the leftist government
of that Central American repub-
lic.
The newspaper called the Cuban
rebels "counterrevolutionary riff
raff" and rebel leader Jose Miro
Cardonna a traitor. The article
concluded:.
Cut Aggression
"On all continents rings out a
resolute voice: 'cut short the arm-
ed aggression against Cuba. De-
fend the liberty and independence
of the Cuban people.' "
A series of statements issued by
individuals and Soviet organiza-
tions through the news agency
Tass expressed indignation at the
invasion and support for Cuba.;
There was no mention of rocket
support for Cuba which Premier
Nikita S. Khrushchev . promised
last summer.

Government
Fears Panic
By Populace
Radio Requests Calm
While Invasion Lasts
By The Associated Press
Anti-Castro forces struck their
long - awaited invasion blow for
liberation of Cuba yesterday and
claimed immediate successes.,
Their counter-revolutionary
blows went in by air and sea with
help ftom uncounted Castro foes
rising inside Cuba.
The bearded Fidel Castro, his
government at stake, kept silent
on how the battle was going after
announcing the initial landings.
Urges Vigilance
Castro's Havana radio last night
called for students, workers and
peasants to go about their business
and work as usual, however. The
broadcast may have been aimed at
preventing a general strike. It
urged vigilence against "counter-
revolutionary worms."
Direct communications with
Cuba were cut off and few of the
rebel claims and reports could be
confirmed. Among the reports were
these:!
The Cuban Revolutionary Coun-
cil in New York said in mid-eve-
ning that much of the 400,000-
man militia Castro recruited "has
already defected from Castro" and
that the principal battle would be
fought in a few hours.
Strike Blow ,
"The tremendous army of in-
visible soldier - patriots has now
received its instructions to strike
the vital blow for the liberation of
our country," the communique
said. .
"Our partisans in every town
and village," it added, would re-
ceive the coded message "the fish
will soon stand," to rise up against
Castro and his remaining militia-
men. The fish, it was pointed out,
was a symbol of Christian resist-
ance.
The anti-Castro rebels predicted
that before dawn today "Cuba will
rise up en masse In a coordinated
wave of sabotage and rebellion
which will sweep communism from
our country."
. Isle Seized
Anti-Castro sources in Mexico
city were quoted as saying the Isle
of Pines, the huge prison island
off the south coast of Cuba, pre-
viously reported under attack from
ships-off shore, had been seized by
invaders. The report said 10,000
political prisoners were freed to
join in the rebellion.
Cuban radio messages exchanged
between Havana and the central
province of Las Villas and over-
heard in Miami indicated that
rebel airmen may have narrowly
missed Castro himself in a bomb-
ing attack at Playa Larga on Co-
chinos Bay on the south coast.
The Las Villas radio'said four
planes dropped parachutes and one
bomb fell "where Fidel was."
The Revolutionary Council said
substantial supplies for local anti-
Castro forces in the swampy area
had ben landed in the Cochinos
area, but did not mention a land-
ing force.
Relieve Walker
Of Conuand
WASHINGTON (P)-Maj. Gen.
Edwin A. Walker has been relieved
of his division command in Ger-
many pending a "complete and
impartial" investigation of state-
ments that he exposed his troops
to a propaganda barrage about

the John Birch Society.
Several Congress members de-
manded an investigation last week
after a privately owned service-
men's newspaper reported that an
information program set up by
Walker was distributing material
about the philosophy of the con-
troversial John Birch Society.
Walker denied that the program
was connected with any organiza-
tion or society.
"It is designed to develop the
understanding of American mili-
tary and civil heritage, respon-
sibility toward that heritage and
the tactics and objectives of those
enemies who would destroy it," he
said.

High Court
A nnounces
Bias Ruling
WASHINGTON (') - The Su-
preme Court laid down yesterday
another ban on racial discrimina-
tion in publicly owned facilities.
It applied to a restaurant in
Wilmington, Del. located in an
off-street parking building. The
building is owned and operated by
the Wilmington Parking Author-
ity, a state agent, and the restau-
rant is leased from the authority.
Refused Service
In August 1958, William H. Bur-
ton, a Negro member of the Wilm-
ington City Council, parked his car
in the garage and sought service
in the restaurant. He was refused.
The Delaware Supreme Court
ruled the restaurant acted in a
purely private capacity and for
that reason was beyond the scope
of the equal protection clause of
the 14th Amendment.
The United States Supreme
Court voted 6-3 to reverse the
Delaware Supreme Court. Justice
Tom C. Clark, who spoke for the
Court, said the restaurant is oper-
ated as part of a public building,
indicating state participation and
involvement in discriminatory ac-
tion. His opinion said:
"It is irony amounting to grave
injustice that in one part of a
single building, erected and main-
tained with public funds by an
agency of the state to serve a pub-
lic purpose, all persons have equal
rights, while in another part, also
serving the public, a Negro is a
second-class citizen, offensive be-
cause of his race, without rights
and unentitled to service.
Go Further
Justice Potter Stewart wanted
to go further and strike down a
Delaware law which he said is
, constitutionally invalid as con-
strued by the Delaware Supreme
Court.
The law permits a restaurant
proprietor to refuse to serve "per-
sons whose reception or entertain-
ment by him would be offensive to
the major part of his customers."
Justices Felix Frankfurter,
John M. Harlan and Charles E.
Whittaker dissented. They would
have returned the case to the Del-
aware Supreme. Court for clarifi-
cation as to the precise basis of
its decision. ,
'Universal Truths'
Clark said the conclusions
drawn from the facts and cir-
cumstances of the Burton case
"are by no means declared as uni-
versal truths on the the basis of,
which every state leasing agree-
ment is to be tested."
In past actions, the court has
banned racial discrimination in a
wide variety of publicly owned
facilities. In addition to public
schools, discrimination has been
banned in municipally owned golf
courses, parks, swimming pools
and beaches and ap outdoor thea-
ter.
'U' Bands men
Leave Russia
The University band concluded
an eight-week tour of the Soviet
Union Sunday night with a con-
cert in Moscow's Tchiakowsky
Hall.
The band played to a full house
and came back for five encores.
This was the 42nd concert the
band had given since its arrival in
the USSR February 20.
Conductor William T. Revelli
said "The audiences have been
marvelous. The Soviet people have
been the most receptive and re-

sponsive audience I have ever
played to."
Muri Mirzoev, a Russian com-
poser, was quoted as saying: "The
University symphony band is the
best wind band I know of, and the
conductor is an exceptionally tem-
permental and strong-willed mu-
sician."
The band left yesterday for
Cairo, Egypt the first stop on its
tour of the Middle East.

JERUSALEM ()-Israel's at-
torney general resurrected in de-
tail yesterday the record of Nazi
atrocities in a powerful prelude
to an expected demand for the
death penalty for Adolf Eichmann.
Prosecutor Gideon Hausner
spoke for nearly six hours after
the former Gestapo officer plead-
ed not guilty 15 times to charges
that he slaughtered and tortured
Jews by the millions.
Exclusive Occupation
"Only one man in history exists
whose hands were "exclusively oc-
cupied with the extermination of
the Jewish people--Adolf Eich-
mann," Hausner declared.
Eichmann sat without expres-
sion in his buleet-proof glass cage

Laos Rebels
Gain Power
VIENTIANE, Laos W) - An-
other successful attack by pro-
Communist rebels was reported
yesterday in southern Laos, boost-
ing their bargaining power in any
negotiations on a cease-fire line.
Informed sources said a heavily
armed Pathet Lao battalidn backed
by artillery swept troops of the
pro-Western government from
positions dug in near the town
of Nhommalath.
The attack occurred Sunday as
diplomatic maneuvering resumed
in world capitals and the Soviet
Union presented the West with
new suggestions for arranging a'
cease-fire to halt the civil war.'
Fighting in Laos also had been'
in a week-long lull for Laotian
new year celebrations.
Nhommalath lies only 25 air'
miles northeast of Thakhek, a1
Mekong river town on the border
with Thailand. Because of a wind-
ing mountainous road held by
reinforced government troops, the
Pathet Lao would have difficulty
launching a sustained drive to,
the border and cutting Laos .in
half.
A military source said the gov-
ernment retreat at Nhommalath
put the Pathet Lao in a position,
to be "a fairly lively threat to
Thakhek."
U.S. Requests
Russian Note
Cla rificeation
WASHINGTON (P) - The
United States yesterday sought
quick clarificaiton of the latest
Soviet note on Laos amid growing
conviction that the Soviet Union
is stalling on a cease-fire.
The Russian tactics brought a
statement from Secretary of State
Dean Rusk that the situation in
Laos is "very critical."
"We feel that the diplomatic
discussion ought to move promptly
in order to bring the situation un-
der control," Rusk declared.
He said there is a "close con-
nection between the pace of dip-
lomatic discussion and what hap-
pens on the ground in Laos."
U. S. officials stressed that the
United States will not let Laos
be taken by the Communist-
directed rebels. These informants
stressed that if action becomes
necessary, it will be taken without
advance notice.
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EICHMANN TRIAL:
Hausner Lists Nazi Crimes

as Hausner cited relentlessly the
evidence left in the wake of Nazi
Germany's "final solution to the
Jewish problem" and set out shat-
tering in advance Eichmann's an-
ticipated defense that he directed
it on orders.
Beyond Orders
"We will prove," Hausner told
the three judges, "that the ac-
cused went far beyond his orders
and carried out functions for
which he had been given no orders
at all."
The day started with a defeat
for' Eichmann's defense attorney,
Robert Servatius. The three-judge
panel overruled challenges to its
authority raised by Servatius on
grounds the court might be pre-
judiced and that the law under
which Eichmann is being tried
was passed after the crimes with
which he is charged.
Then Eichmann stood at atten-
tion to plead. To each of the 15
counts inthe indictment he gave
the answer: f
PRIMARY:
Jersey Vote
To Nominate
Candidates
TRENTON (P) - New Jersey
Republicans and Democrats will
choose in a primary election Tues-
day its candidates for governor-
the contest of greatest significance
in the nation this year.
The only other elections for
high statewide office in 1961 are
the United States Senate runoff
contest in Texas May 27 and the
Governorship of Virginia.
The entry into the Republican
gubernatorial primary of James
P. Mitchell, Secretary of Labor
under President Dwight D. Eisen-
hower, increased interest in the
New Jersey race.
State Sen. Walter H. Jonies,
veteran legislator and head of
Bergen County's top Republican
organization, started out with a
good lead; based on backing from
two-thirds of the Republican or-
ganizations in thestate.
The third man, Sen. Wayne Du-
mont Jr. from rural Warren
County, has lacked the organiza-
tion , backing and financial
strength of his opponents.

"In the spirit of the ir
ment, I am not guilty.
It was the same answer
by the top Nazi criminals tri
Nuernberg.
Launches Case
Then Hausner rose and lau
ed the state's case against the
mer head of the Gestapo's de
ment of Jewish affairs.
He told some of it in his
words. Other passages were
before the court in the wort
eyewitnesses.
The attorney general too
the entire day, except for the
minutes during which Supi
Court Justice Moshe Landau
president, announced that
court had overruled defense o
tions .to the legality of the
and the 10 minutes when :
mann was pleading not gull
all the charges.
Hausner told the court he
pected to finish his towering a
8ation by midday today.
Ayd one point,:dausnertol
three Judges: "The court will
give me if I shorten this cha
I doubt whether I have wor
describe these deeds."
, The sixth and seventh ses
of Eichmann's trial, on ch
of "crimes against the Jewish
ple and crimes against human
were deeply moving as Hau
listed charges for nearly six
broken hours and said he i
need another half a day to
elude.
The opening chapters el
statement renarrated the stag
the Nazi rise to power in Geri
in the middle 1930's, the at
phere of the time, and the
pearance of the first storm c
over the" heads of the~ Jews.
,Could Defer
Peace Corps

4.

SANTIAGO, Chile - Approxi-
mately 200 students, demonstrat-
ing for Premier Fidel Castro of
Cuba, last night hurled two home
made bombs against the building
of W. R. Grace, an Anerican
business firm.


new university thought
included in this spring issue:
the African revolution - an economic,
political, and historical survey
student peace group'reports
toward an aesthetic of the film
a discussion of urban problems by
Sen. Joseph C. Clark
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LEAGUE DANCE CLASSES
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