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Seventy Years of Editorial Freedom

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LXXI, No.


ANN ARBOR, MICHIGAN, WEDNESDAY. APRIL 12. 1961

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May Back State Schools

11

By MICHAEL BURNS
A small group of Republican
moderates met Monday night and
breakfasted yesterday morning to
consider enforcing a proposal ad-
vanced by state educators to de-
feat the higher education appro-
priations bill in the Legislature.
The eight GOP senators, includ-
ing Sen. Stanley Thayer (R-Ann'
Arbor), have voiced discontent
over the recommendation of. the
committee to slice Gov. John B.
Swainson's request of $117 million
by approximately $8 million.
These eight Republicans, along
with the 12 Democrats in the Sen-
ate woUld be enough to defeat the
bill.
After a breakfast meeting with

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Michigan State University Presi-
dent John A. Hannah, the Repub-
lican moderates joined other GOP
senators in an hour-long caucus.
No official statement of position
was released but Senate Majority
Leader Frank Beadle (R-St. Clair)
said the group discussed improve-
ments in the budgets of higher ed-
ucation and mental health up to
$5 million. The revenue for these
additions would probably come
from renewal of nuisance taxes on
telephones and beer. The taxes ex-,
pire June 30.
"There was general agreement
that if we made adjustments in
these areas (education and men-
tal health) we will need new reve-
nues," Beadle said.

He s
LgislIature;Fcing
Hea viest Worki Week
LANSING (2) - Michigan lawmakers, facing imminent deadlines
on over 350 bills, waded into the heaviest work week of the 1961
session last night.
The most important move of the day was passage of a bill setting
up machinery for election of the 144 delegates to the constitutional
convention.
The bill, sent to Gov. John B. Swainson for signing, calls for a
primary election of delegates July-25 and the final selection Septem-
ber 12. It also provides for a salary of $1,000 a month for each dele-
gate .up to a maximum of $7,500. Travel expenses will also be allowed.

PRESIDENT DE GAULLE:
.. press conference
Aid Offered,
ABy eGal
PARIS (M-President Charles d
Gaulle reopened the door to peac
talks with the Algerian Nationalis
rebels yesterday.,
In a statement on Algerian pol
icy to a crowded news conference
the President said colonies wer
outmoded and too costly in th
present world and spoke of a pos
sible accord with the rebel regime
Offered Aid
He offered French economic
technical and financial aid to the
future Algeria if 'its nine million
Algerians chose a combination o
full sovereignty in association with
France on the model of Senegal.
In return, he said, France would
want some military and naval
bases in Algeria and guarantees
for the one million Europeans in
Algeria.
Should Algeria choose a com-
plete rupture with France he
threatened to expel 400,000 Algeri-
ans working in France and to urge
the Frenchmen among the one
million Europeans in Algeria to
return home.
No Aid to UN
On other subjects de Gaulle said
France will contribute neither
money nor manpower to any of
the "present or eventual" United
Nations operations on the Congo
model.
De Gaulle criticized the United
Nations as a "disorganization of
global incoherence," and reiterated
his standing demands for a larger
voice for Western European na-
tions in mapping Allied world
strategy, particularly in Asia and
Africa.
He said France intends to con-
tinue to .develop its own nuclear
arsenal as long as it is still threat-
ened with massive destruction
from the East.
De Gaulle said he would discuss
these points with President John
F. Kennedy in the spirit of "good
friends and good Allies" when.
Kennedy makes his official visit
to France at the end of May.'
In the coure nf a 40-minte

-'Topping the tentative agenda is a
group of appropriation bills to-
talling $62 million to finance state
operations in the next fiscalyear
beginning July 1.
Action on these measures is be-
ing postponed till late in the week
so that legislators can study the
Republican spending blueprint of-
fered as a substitute for Gov.
Swainson's budget.
Wide Variety
Also on the calendar are a wide
variety of tax bills, including the
governor's state income tax and
hisI proposals to levy a "state tax
on personal property, exempt food
and prescription drugs from the
sales tax and eliminate the busi-
ness activities tax.
The Senate is preparing to de-
bate a Republican-sponsored tax
package which. would allow local
governments to Impose various
non-property taxes if the voters
approve.
Other leading bills are measures
to jump unemployment compen-
sation payments from $2 to $4 a
week, and establishment of the
new 19th Congressional District
h authorized after the-1960 census.
1 Bills Die
If past experience holds to
e form, dozens of bills will die this
e week despite night sessions and
t frantic attempts by sponsors to
push them through.
l- Except for major measures, the
, House served notice that bills will
e be considered in the order in
e which they appear on the calen-
- dar.
SSGC To Vieuw
SAdministrative
:Readjiustment
11 By IRIS BROWN
:i Former Student Government
Council President John Feld-
k tamp's motion to reorganize SGC's
eadministrative wing will receive
committee of the whole considera-
tion at tonight's meeting.
e This is the first of three meet-
ings at which the Council will dis-
cuss the plan in somewhat more'
informal circumstances. In om-
Smittee of the whole the Council
president gives the chair to an-
Sother member and discussion does
not follow strict parliamentaryj
procedure
For the administrative wing the
plan substitutes four committees
dealing with student organiza-
tions, student activities, student
concerns, and the University
SThe committee on student or-
ganizations would advise the
Council on problems of recogni-
tion of both new and existing or-
ganizations, on changes in Uni-
versity Regulations for organiza-
tions, and would receive reports
from existing groups such as ad-
visers to -fraternities and sorori-
ties.
The committee on student ac-
tivities would coordinate, origi-
nate, and delegate activities. It
would also advise SrC on the ap-
cnrn f.,iAn rnd e . Univ +i.

The GOP senators will caucus
again today to decide on whether
to continue the 4 per cent tax on
telephone, telegraphs and leased
wires and the $125 levy on each
barrel of beer. The combined taxes
should yield about $18 million.
Swainson has repeatedly ex-
pressed his opposition to continu-
ing the taxes but he said yesterday
he is taking a "wait-and-see" atti-
tude on them.
The conference of approximate-
ly 50 college officials and the gov-
,ernor, called by Swainson Mon-
day afternoon, produced recom-
mendations for a' united front in
seeking the defeat of present ap-
propriations requested by the leg-
islative committees. The Uriiver-
sity representatives included Vice-
Presidents Marvin Niehuss and
Lyle Nelson and Regent chairman
Eugene Power.
Back Outlay Play
A recommendation by Edgar
Harden, president of Northern
Michigan College to switch the
$22 million capital outlay suggest-
ed by the appropriations commit-
tee to the general operating fund
drew strong support.
Several administrators backed
Swainson's bonding corporation
construction proposal to finance
all buildings in the place of the
committee's current revenue ap-
propriation for capital outlay.
"The magnitude of capital out-
lay is too severe to be handled
out of current revenues," President
James W. Miller of Western Mich-
igan University said.
Legislators
List Means
.To Get Funds
By BUEL TRAPNELL
Special to The Daily
LANSING - State legislators;
last night. suggested retention of
part of Michigan's "nuisance
taxes," cuts in the number of out-
of-state students, or a raise in
tution as means of solving the
University's financial problems..
However, House Majority Floor
Leader Allison Greene (R-Kings-
ton) said that the University can-
not expect a renewal of nuisance
taxes this session of the Legisla-
ture.
"The governor will have to callI
a special session if he expects us
o continue these taxes on tobac-
co, telephone calls, and other lux-I
cries," he said.
No Debt Retirement
He emphasized that the pro- t
posed state budget would set asidex
ro money for deficit retirement,
out would allocate all the funds t
he state receives. It is therefore t
impossible to increase the Uni-
ersity's portion unless taxes arer
aised, he noted.
He suggested that the Univer- f
ity halve its out-of-state enroll- I
nent, since the state now spends n
700 per year for each out-of- d
state student and this money can-
iot be recovered in taxes from out
f the state.
The University would thus have
nore money to spend per capita
f the number of out-of-state stu-
ents was reduced, he said.
Bursley Would Retain
Rep. Gilbert Bursley (R-Ann S
Lrbor) also said he favors the re- p
ention of some of these taxes, w
lthough he believes that most of i
is colleagues may disagree with a
im. c
However, Sen. Elmer R. Porter
R-Blissfield), chairman of the t
;enate finance committee, would n
let the University raise its tui- d
on-it will not be as bad as my p
asurance was raised last week." t

Screened
In Capitol
By CAROLINEDOW
Special to The Daily
LANSING State legislators
saw no real objection to the con-
troversial film "Operation Aboli-
tion" put out by the House Un-
American Activities Committee
after viewing it at a special ses-
sion last night, but found no
quarrel with the right of Gov.
John B. Swainson to stop the an
ti-subversive squad of the State
Police from showing it.
The session began with a warn-
ing from House Speaker Don
Pears (R-Buchanan) to the more
than 500 persons (including 30
state police) in the room against
any demonstrations while the mo-
vie was being shown. The session
broke up immediately after the
film, but many legislators re-
mained behind to comment onit.
Swainson prohibited the show-
ing of the film because of "in-
accuracies and distortions as well
as conclusions not warranted by
the facts." He forbade its show-
ing by a state agency in order to
keep the government out of "need-
less controversy."
Pears said that "every freedom
loving American should get a
chance to see this film," although
the Legislature has too many oth-
er things to do to take issue with
the governor.
The Senate Democratic Floor
Leader, Garland Lane (Flint),
maintained that it was not the
function of the government to
show the film.
Sen. John W. Fitzgerald (R-
Grand Ledge), who introduced the
motion to see the movie, said that
"the film appears to be a factual
account of the events that tooki
place in San Francisco although it
is possible that it was edited.
"1 found it much less objection-
able than I expected, although I
have no quarrel with the right of
the governor as head of the State
Police to keep them from showing
Rep. Gilbert Bursley (R-Ann
Arbor), believing that the film was
true and the Communist threat
real, thought that the Legislature1
could pass a resolution saying thatE
the film did not appear to be dis-
torted. '
Rep. William Romano (D-War-I
ren) felt that all citizens should
have the opportunity to see the t
film, a depiction of the anti- x
IUAC riots in San Francisco lastE
May, as a part of their rights un-e
der the First Amendment.
MSU Studentsr
Ask Public Aid t
EAST LANSING (J)-Michigan
tate University students were pre- 1
ared to flood the mails today t
ith 18,000 letters asking for help e
n getting a larger state appropri-
tions for the University in the t
oming fiscal year.-a
Student government representa- u
Ives said the letters were to be
nailed tonight to parents of stu- t
ents from Michigan, asking the f
arents to contact their legisla- t
ors, demanding more funds. t

PORTUGUESE COLONIES:
Union Fears Black Nationals-


By BARBARA PASH
The future of the Portuguese
colonies in Africa will greatly in-
fluence the actions of the Union
of South Africa, Prof. Marvin Har-
ris of Columbia University said
yesterday.
"When and if the Portuguese
territories of Angola and Mozam-
bique achieve independence, there
will be an increased opportunity
for the Negroes in the Union of
South Africa to move for libera-
tion also," Harris stated.
Presently, the greatest fear of
the white leaders in South Africa
is that Angola and Mozambique
will become independent, sur-
rounding them with Negro na-
tionalistic neighbors.
Explosive Area
"All the impetus the South Af-
rican Negro needs for revolt is
support from outside, and it would
be very easy to ship arms from
Angola and Mozambique," he
noted.
The disturbances in South Af-
rica and the Belgian Congo con-
trast sharply with the myth which
Portugal has so laboriously built
and which has just recently begun
to crumble. In essence Portugal
has constructed this myth from
the idea that Portugal has a civil-
izing mission to bring the Africans
slowly out of their savagery.
The Portuguese administrators
in the African colonies expect to
accomplish this aim by a gradual
process of native assimilation into
the white-dominated society.
Possible Control
However, this "assimilated na-
tive" of the three Portuguese col-
onies, Angola, Mozambique, and
Portuguese Guinea, are not exempt
from the persecution and control
applied to the natives, At present,
there are 5,000 assimilated Afri-
cans in Mozambique out of a total
population of 6 million, and of
the 4 million population of An-
gola 35,000 are assimilated Afri-
cans.
There are many native Africans
in the colonies who are eligible
for assimilation, but the disadvan-
tages far outweigh the one advan-
tage, which is an extension of the
curfew. "The natives feel that to
become assimilated is to become a
traitor to one's own people," Harris
said.
Affects Many'
Because of the tremendous num-I
ber of Africans for whom Portu-I
guese colonialism is marked by1
intense control of their lives, theJ
Idea that Portugal is not affected
by color prejudices is unfounded.-
"The attitude of the Portuguese
towards the African native is
based on the assumption that
African males are incorrigibleI
drones," he said.
The measures taken by the Por-
Aiguese to govern this great bulk
f Africans include forced labor,
forced crop production, movementl
estrictions, curfews, passports,
nd corporal punishment without
udicial review for infractions of
he law.t
Recent Riots
Recent rioting in the coloniess
has been the final proof that Por-v
uguese administration was not ass
xemplary as has been believed.
"The absence of violence and t
he docility of the natives in these c
reas did not reflect a satisfaction 1
with the status quo," Harris stated, s
The African nationalists desire t
he liberation of the colonies; the
action are attempting to over- v
hrow President Salazar, the dic- t
ator of Portugal. 1

PORTUGUESE IN AFRICA-Prof. Marvin Harris said in a lecture
yesterday that the future of the Union of South Africa relates to
the Portuguese colonies.
EDUCATION BILL:
Ad-minnistration Approves
Aid to Private Colleges
WASHINGTON (P) - The Adminstration was said yesterday to
be in accord with a move in the House to provide direct federal
grants to colleges, including those controlled by churches.
Rep. Edith Green (D-Ore), who is sponsoring the Administra-
tion's higher education bill in the House, has offered the grant
proposal. She said it meets with administration approval.
Draws Line
President Kennedy has consistently drawn a distinction between
colleges and secondary schools as recipients of federal aid. But the
extension of grants to private colleges would seem certain to further

Bulletint
MOSCOW UP--The Soviet
Union announced this
morning that it has laun-
ched. a man into orbit
around the Earth and he
has reported back that he
is feeling fine.
The announcement was
made over Moscow Radio at
10 a.m. after all stations in
the country had been called
to listen.
Moscow Radio said:
"The launching of the
multi-stage rocket was suc-
cessful and after attaining
the first escape velocity
and the separation of the
last stage of the carrier
rocket the space ship went
into free flight on a round
the Earth orbit.
"According to prelimi-
nary data the period of the
evolution of the satellite
space ship around the
Earth is 89.1 minutes.
"The minimum distance
from the Earth (at perigee)
is 175 kilometers (110 miles)
and the maximum (at apo-
gee) is 302 kilometers (188
miles).
The broadcast said the
first cosmonaut is Maj. Yuri
Alekseyevich Gagarin and
that he was launched this
morning.
The space ship carrying
Gagarin was named Vostok,
meaning east. Moscow Ra-
dio said it weighed 4,725
kilograms, about five tons,
excluding the weight of the
final stage of the carrer.
rocket.
"The angle of inclination
of the orbit plane to the
equator is 65 degrees 4 min-
utes," the broadcast sid.



U.S.

Views,

Cuba Stand
WASHINGTON (M - President
John F. Kennedy said last night
"if we don't move now" to aid'
Latin' American nations, Cuba's
Prime Minister Fidel Castro "may
become a greater danger than he
is today."'
The President also asserted that
Latin America "is in a most criti-
cal period in its relations with us."
Kennedy made these remarks in
a television interview taped for
nationwide broadcast by NBC. He
did nrot elaborate on them during
a 25-minute question and answer
session dealing mostly with his
conception of the Presidency and
how he prefers to work informally
with administration officials and
White House aides.
The interviewer asked about Ar-
thur M. Schlesinger, Jr., author
and Harvard professor of history
who recently joined Kennedy's
staff.
Kennedy noted that Schlesinger
toured several Latin American
countries about a month ago and
has reported to the President on
some of the problems dealing with
the Cuban situation.
Newsmen asked Pierre Salinger,
White House press secretary, what
he President had in mind in say-
ing "if we don't move now."'

'inflame the church-state contro-
versy now raging about the whole
issue of federal aid to education.
Rep. Roman C. Pucinski (D-Ill),
a leader in the fight to get some
kind of federal aid for parochial
schools, viewed the development
favorably.
"I think this will strengthen the
hands of those who feel that some
avenue of help is open to the
secondary and parochial schools,"
he said.
Edgar Fuller, head of the coun-
cil of chief state school officers,
said such a program would be un-
constitutional and would be vigor-
ously opposed by his group.
Loan Program
Kennedy has proposed a five-
year loan program of $300 million
a year to help colleges build class-
rooms, laboratories, libraries and
other facilities. Theloans would be
at low interest rates with up to ,50
years for-'repayment.
Mrs. Green, chairman of a sub-
committee now considering the
legislation, has proposed dividing
the $300 million, half for loans and.
half for grants. The grants would
be on the basis of one-third fed-
eral money and two-thirds state,
university or other non-federal
money.
It was reported such a plan has
considerable support among the
subcommittee members and also
in the full house education com-
mittee, which will draft the bill
that goes to the House floor.

Announcement of the
Russians' breakthrough in-
to the cosmos, came after
three days of rumors that
a man had been put . into
space.
It was another stunning
triumph for the Russians in
their space competition
with the United States,
Which is planning a 300-
mile manned projectile
flight sometime in early
May but does not expect to
be able to put a man into
orbit until sometime this
summer, if then.
The Soviet news agency
Tass said Gagarin radioed
back at 9:22 a.m. (2:i22 a.m.
EST): "The flight is pro-
ceeding normally. I feel
well."
Moscow Radio said Ga-
garin's condition in flight
was being observed by radio
and television.
DisCeriinlination
In1 Scholarship

I

NO ABSOLUTE LINE':
Cole Asks Flexibility, Moderation in Sex Conduct

By DAVID MARCUS
It is ridiculous to draw an abso-
lute line dictating right and wrong
in sexual conduct, Dr. William G.
Cole; president of Lake Forest Col-
lege said yesterday.
Speaking on "Sex and Morality
on Campus," Cole noted that there
are two questions involved in de-
termining the ethical aspects of
the problem-consequences to the
individual and the implications of

a legitimate right to regulate ir-
responsible procreation."
In, a lecture sponsored by the
Office of Religious Affairs, Cole
added that, to the individual, what
he does is not as important as the
meaning of what he does.
Avoids Answer
"I have no answer to the ques-
tions of how far to go; this is
strictly an individual matter," he
said.
"The quintessence of immorality

this conflict between social stigma
and the desire for individual grati-
fication,-he said.
"Most of them take a middle
course between the moralists and
the libertines;" he said.
Look Back
"The moralists want to reverse
the calendar .and go back to the
days of good Queen Victoria. They
want to censor the movies, books
and other media and eliminate all
discussion of the matter com-

"These people only take the
demands of the individual into
account."
Dr. Cole cited this conflict as
stemming from reaction to the
extreme prudishness of Victorian
standards.
Usual Mores
"According to traditional mores,
there has been a conspiracy of
silence around sex. Parents im-
pressed their children with the

TRENTON -- Boys who at-
tend Amherst College may now
apply for new scholarships from a
$200,000 trust fund-if they do not
smoke, drink or gamble.
The New Jersey Supreme Court
ruled yesterday that these stipula-
tion in a will leaving the fund to
Amherst were valid. However, the
court at the same time killed a
clause in the will that would have
restricted the scholarships to "Pro-
testant Gentile" boys.
The bequest before the court in-
volved the will left by C. Edward
McKinney, Jr. of East Orange,
who died Oct. 21, 1957. He had
asked that the money be "held in
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