Seventy-First Year -- EDITED AND MANAGED BY STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN pinions Are Free UNDER AUTHORITY OF BOARD IN CONTROL OF STUDENT PUBLICATIONS Will Prevail STUDENT PUBLICATIONS BLDG.* ANN ARBOR, MICH. * Phone NO 2-3241 lorials printed in The Michigan Daily express theindividual opinions of staff writers or the editors. This must be noted in all reprints. PRIL 11, 1961 NIGHT EDITOR: SUSAN FARRELL EichmaniiSJetacn Jnlikly To Effect. Justice a IE TRIAL OF Adolf Eichmann, which be- g-ns today in Jerusalem, promises to be a, plete and detailed recounting of the in- ous concentration camp atrocities, but ns highly unlikely to benefit mankind in moral sense. he legal hearing of the ex-Nazi who has ie, to personify the insane murder of the man Jews has thus far engendered only h pitched emotion and unbelievable com- 'cialization. Eichmann's trial is perhaps biggest attraction the Holy Land has had b0&0 years, and no one is failing to take antage of it. le world's press has sent more correspon- tU to the trial than reported on World r II and twice as many as visited the Kor- wa theatre. Israel has sunk thousands dollars into preparations, collecting wit- ses, compiling 4,000 pieces of documentary fence, erecting a nine foot high wire fence grd the courthouse and a glass-enclosed, .et-proof prisoner's dock inside it and aiding press by providing simultaneous transla- s of 'the proceedings in five languages with lities for tape recording them or sending n out over 20new teleprinters. RLINES ARE ADVERTISING flights to Israel as "especially appropriate" for the imann hearing. Ever since the Nazi's arrest months ago, countless books and maga- ls have appeared documenting the case Inst him, recalling the horrors of the prison .ps and crematories where 6,000,000 in- ent victims were tortured and killed. In auseating series of novels, realistic ac- nts and private "confessioris" the rise and of the' Third Reich has oncei again been gged through public consciousness. s the newspaper datelines switch to Jeru- im for what has already been labeled the r'a "big story," we must realize that the sing Eichmann is going to receive ,will dly be a "trial." everal objections to the trial arise from point that Eichmann was illegally abducted i Argentina. One of the three judges who p decide his innocence or guilt has already licly proclaimed Eichmann guilty in an ler trial involving an alleged collaborator, all three judges are originally from Ger- ay. he major point of contention, however, is with moral implications. Many charge t the "right" or "duty" to try Eichmann e not rest with Israel, that Eicmann's ae is one against humanity and thus he dld be tried by an international body such he United Nations. IAEL REPLIES THAT Eichmann's crime ras not directed against humanity in gen- , but very specifically at the Jews. Israeli, 'ever, is not synonomous with Jewish as 'Vatican is with Catholic. True, Israel has =me the Jewish homeland, but it .is the ish homeland in the historicaland cultural e than the religious sense and thus Israel riot act in the name of all Jews any more n Franco can act in the name of all Cath- , even though the vast majority of Span- s adhere to that faith., hie Judaic tradition does not include a ctured hierarchy of religious administra- . Six centuries of Jews have maintained the cept of the Individual interpreting his Li for himself, and it is only a pride in com- 1 ancestry and history that have preserved Jewish religion as such in so many in- ual Jewish communities scattered all over world through so many centuries. T EVEN IF Israel were a Jewish state in the sense that the Vatican is Catholic, even if the 400,000 Israelis (one fifth of country's population) who lost blood rela- s in the Nazi nightmare had the most eccable legal grounds for bringing Eich- Wn to justice, the question would still arise ther Eichmann's crime was one committed ly against the Jewish nation or against all anity. Eichmann's crimes, although they e directed specifically against Jews, defied moral dictates of every religious faith and lenged the common denominator of de- y of every human conscience,., i claim that . Eichmann's acts are only nst the Jews is to reduce the enormity of actions. It is to say, that when one man ders another his debt is not to society, but that man's family, and it is to relieve ety of its share of the responsibility for crime itself, AELI PRIME MINISTER David Ben- 'urion has countered this argument by say, that anyone who claims Eichmann's crime not strictly a crime against the Jews is er an anti-Semite or a Jew with an in- >rity complex. He is thus setting the Jews t from humanity in a manner opposite parallel to Hitler's and refuting all the d's obligation to stand u fnf an nnnraer1 collective conscience to a small group of fana- tics who promise it the world. One wonders, however, just which people Ben Gurion feels need to be reminded. Our parents lived through the war; some of them did not survive. They will not forget. The survivors of the concentration camps still have blue-purple numbers on their arms, or have gone through painful and expensive operations to have them removed. ,They will not forget. THE LEADERS OF our country who turned away ships carrying Jewish refugees and the British who barricaded Palestinian ports and slaughtered hundreds of Jews during their mandate know what happened. They will not forget.- The ex-Nazis now holding top positions in the German government know what happened to the Jews, and so do those who are now designing weapons for the American govern- ment and teaching in American universities. They were there. They will not forget. And we, the students who came into co- sciousness as our fathers were returning from war, who bartered storm trooper boots for Nazi knives, who watched "Stalag Seventeen" and read Anne Frank's diary know what hap- pened. We don't need to be reminded yet either. The Israeli youth, the Sabras who are named for the cactus plant "tough and strong on the outside and wonderfully sweet and tender underneath" are the sons and daughters of survivors. Their lives are a daily contrast to the horror the last generation lived. They are proud and secure and prepared to defend their country. They are very much aware of their role in history, and in case they were in any danger of forgetting, their Arab neighbors, leering across the borders on three sides 'of them should prove a sufficient reminder. THE ONLY YOUTH then, who will hear the story for the first time are those who are really too young to understand the implica- tions and to whom it will only be a gruesome horror story with little application to real life. The most likely motive for such a trial, the one' Israel insists has nothing to do with it, is revenge. Ben Gurion says the trial has nothing to do with revenge. Israel holds no grudge against either Germany or the German people. The Germany of today is not the Germany it was under Hitler, and for some time Israel has been carrying on an expanding trade pro- gram with West Germany. CLEARLY, BEN GURION has not put Ger- many itself on trial. He has chosen to ig- nore the fact that a fanatical group does not come into power unless a considerable propor- tion of the population is willing to let them .By seperating "today's Germany" from the Germany under the Third Reich and by using Eichmann as a symbol of all the atrocities committed, Israel is taking into its hands in punishing him the power of vengeance which the Bible clearly forbids man. Israel is implying that earthly retribution can be dispensed for a crime whose monstrosity leaves the human imagination powerless to extend. If Eichmann dies, the score, objectively will stand like this: Eichmann killed six million Jews. The two million 'Jews of Israel acting in the name of those six million and all other Jews in the world today killed Eichmann in return. Symbolically the slate is clean, and Israel, by taking into human hands the re- sponsibility for punishing an inhuman crime, has wiped it clean. UNDER THESE CIRCUMSTANCES the world is morally entitled to forget and Israel will have negated the infinite monstrosity for which not only Eichmann, but all of Germany by its complicity and all the Allies by their refusal to see the danger or interfere when they might have prevented the holocaust. From the illegal arrest of Eichmann and the commercialism of the trial, and from the spirit of revenge which prevails, a new image of Israel has emerged which is disturbing to those who had considered the tiny nation the one truly idealistic and humanistic nation left on earth. No one could ask Israel to forgive a crime which has never been equaled in human his- tory, but by the same token, Israel should realize that dragging the world through one more blood-chilling recitation of the atrocities is not the way to end them forever. IF AN EXAMPLE is necessary of the horrors, of prejudice and intolerance, let all of to- .day's youth look at the attitude of Egypt toward Israel and the attitude of the South African and southern Amercian whites toward the Negroes. If the world needs an example of fascism, let it look at Franco's Spain and America's House Un-American Activities Com- mittee and the John Birch society. If the world needs an examnie of the nightmare nf . Which (EDITOR'S NOTE: Tomorrow Te Daly will publish excerpts from the several resolutions passed at the recent Conference on Youth Service Abroad in Washington, a D.C.) By THOMAS HAYDEN Editor and NAN MARKEL City Editor STIFF CONTROVERSY AND no little unclarity has and still does surround Mr. Kennedy's Peace Corps. The immediate response from the People's Republic of China was militant denunciation of "im- perialist expansion". In more so- phisticated terms, many persons have watched the Peace Corps with extreme concern that It not be a pawn of any sort in the mechanics of the Cold War. Such a response is perhaps the con- sequence of a continuing, if not rising, mistrust of American in- tentions in its international op- eration, perhaps also the conse- quence of an emotional hopeful- ness or new faith that the Peace Corps has instilled in certain per- sons otherwise depressed by past' and present U.S. support of colon- ialism, vested economic interests overseas, failure to support and identify with the revolutions of Latin America and Africa, and often inflexible approach to the question of Communist activity. Other progressives express fear that an influx of Peace Corps personnel, particularly teachers, into underdeveloped communities will dull, misdirect, or interrupt the development of change-orient- ed movements which are now led largely by the indigenous intel- lectuals and teachers. SPeaPeace BY NO MEANS HAS all think- fective ing been along these lines. A ject, A number of Republicans, including ne"l politicians and the press, have nwl," variously opposed the Peace Corps middle as a havenfor beatniks, a waste-Ade ful and useless rebirth of' the peace c "Children's Crusade," an unneces- ment I sary duplication of present pri- fillingt vately-sponsored or governmental and th technical assistance programs, an train untrained, unsophisticated group their f of idealists who'll do no practical Also good and who might in fact alien- gramsi ate foreigners, or who will be un- power able to meet effectively Commun- private ist propaganda or agents, and unions; thereby complicate and even hurt other the progress of more mature agen- as ICA cies such as the Department of other State, United States Information Peace Agency, and International Co- Corps now to operation Association, fact, a At a Washington, D.C., Peace what t Corps Conference sponsored two hthsw weeks ago by the National Stu- this we dent Association, a dedicated In lit minority, primarily composed of ationis Young Americans for Freedom, naion explicitly pronounced the Peace unwilli Corps a part of America's foreigund ief:t policy offensive. As such, YAF nd un national chairman Robert Schuch- not un man argued, the Peace Corps studen should be humanitarian in its in outward face so that it might je n effective in entering countries, but Unit at the same time it should never desir swerve from effective implementa-- esor tion of the present economic and beco political national interest of the orga United States overseas. shou YAF spokesmenalso oppoed supe transferring of the Peace Co~ps to Unit any "supranational" body, such supr as the United Nations; supported the C stringent security checks on Corps- State men; suggested intensive training gani2 in Cold War tactics as a pre- Peac requisite to overseas duty in the cour Corps. with . tual natio ALL 'THESE OPINIONS, ierl socialist, communist, Democrat, THEI conservative, idealistic, realistic, in whit Republican, agree at least to ac- drawn, cept the principles of overpas as- do not sistance. To be fair to all opinions, one should point out that there still are others-a minority to be sure-who just don't pprove of appropriating money for purposes of foreign aid. The Peace Corps r to them appears as the culmination of America's disregard for its Con- stitution, and disrespect for its John Birch societies.f Admist all of these opinions, some have surely emerged as dom- inant. * * * Mathe CERTAINLY THE majority of of Prin students concerned enough ta ex- goca ll press opinions on the Peace Corps, the Rac and particularly those hundreds Mi, at 8 at the Washington Conference re- derved cently, assume altruism as the basis of their action. Their ap- Guest proved resolution on the purpose 'coi of the Peace Corps reads in part lectureo "The ultimate basis and just"fi- er"' onI cation of the Peace Corps, then, Rackhar is the acceptance of a reverence ues.,A for man and his labor, and of hu- man responsibility to work with Aerona those who need and desire ser- gneerin vic."quist,.;E vice. and Swe So far the national administra- holm, S tion seems in agreement with the ture on position taken by the students. R. in Audit Sargent Shriver, director of the Doctor Peace Corps, talks of purpose in ganist, v these terms: day, Apr "The Peace Corps should not be toriumof advanced as an arm of the Cold gree Do War but as a contribuation to the H. Raok world community . . . not a dip- les. Mby lomatic or propaganda venture but Roger-D Way the Peace Gor -Daily-David Giltrow. Corps. By means most ef- for each particular pro- mericans are to be placed tual operational work in developing areas of the according to Shriver. As level technical assistants, corps members will imple- ,he programs of experts, thus the gap between the experts e unskilled nationals, while g the, nationals to teach ellow countrymen. clear is support for pro- which provide skilled man- through many sources- agencies like the trade colleges and universities; government ggencies such k; the United Nations and international agencies; the Corps itself. The, Peace administration is working further such programs; in booklet advising schools on hey may do will reach them eek. ght of the Peace Corp's ad- ration's stress on the inter- al aspects of the Corps, its ngness to proselytize, its the multiplicity of sources fects of the program, it is realistic to suppose even- ministrative support of the t resolve that: the short run complete ed Nations control may be feasible, but it is highly able that the Peace Corps me a truly international nization. Ultimately it ad be placed under the rvision or control of the ed Nations and/or other anational agencies (e.g. Organization of American es). Development of or- nations similar to the. * Corps should be en- aged in other nations, a view, toward their even- integration into an Inter- nal Peace Corps. * * * RE IS ONE policy question ch lines are almost clearly yet Peace Corps backers stand firm on it, but are .+) divided on either side: the ques- tion of loyalty investigations., The students, who after all will be providing the bulk of support and staff fdr' the Peace Corps (Shriver says "most Peace Corps volunteers will probably be, young college graduates"), protest "spe- cial political tests of oath, affida- vit and security investigation" in selection. "A corpsman will not be a poli- tical agent and should not be re- quired to make any particular af-' firmation of loyalty, beyond the standard passport requirements for any American traveling. abroad," another resolution from the Washington conference states. * * * "WE RECOMMEND, AS an al- ternative that a positive state- ment be formulated relating the purposes of the program, the hu- man values it seeks to serve and the standards of conduct expected of its members . . . the real meas- ure .. . can only be found in the total prodess of evaluation and selection." On the other hand, Shriver and FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover are working out methods whereby. Hoover would determine what checks are needed and make them. This stands in basic opposition to that part of the student resolution which maintains "FBI or other security checks on the applicant's political activities do not get at the central questions." Students have reason to dis- trust Hoover's judgment on when and how to check (they allow that in some individual cases, if a check is indicated, it might be made after the individual has been found otherwise acceptable), since Hoover has reported that student demonstrations against the House Un-American Activities Committee in San Francisco last spring were Communist-inspired. What if one of those demonstrators, who was motivated by sincere distaste for HUAC's procedures, wished to serve in the Peace Corps? * * * LATENT IN THE glowing speeches, the discussions, the executive orders, in the student concern that the Peace Corps be formulated according to their ideals, has been something else: partially articulated feelings about the implications of this for the younger generation, for its govern- ment, for twentieth century poli- tics. First of all, the Peace Corps movement represents this year's only major "liberal"--though cer- tainly neither very militant or radical-student action directed at existing channels, trusting those channels to respond to the wr- gency of student desire. Demon- strations in the street or at the lunch counter imply some lack of faith in the receptivity of exist- ing institutions and channels. The Peace Corps movement, springing from this and other campuses last fall and culminating in a Presi- dential order last month, is per- haps symbolic of a promising, fruitful conjunction between American students and their Presi- dent. * * * PERHAPS, JUST perhaps, the American government has moved across \the shadowy lines from isolationism toward international- ism, from national self -aggran- dizement to a broader, humane concern for multi-national im- provement, from an international policy geared to the level of in- stitutions, governments and na- tions, to one operating on the level of personal relations, from Dul- lesian righteousness to tolerance of diversity and disagreement. Indications of this tendency are slowly turning up. The President's declaration, in his Inaugural Ad- dress, that we should aid other peoples" because it is right"h Adlat Stevenson's UN vote against Portuguese colonialism in Angola . . and now the Peace Corps. America has been plagued for a long time by the broad cleavage between the ideals of freedom and self-determination by which it ex- plains its democratic character, and the pragmatic "'realism" that has so often forced mere lip ser- vice to our idealistic justifications. The Peace Corps :seems to poten- tially represent an attempt to re- duce that cleavage, to inject some utopianism into the so-called "political reality." THIS IS WHAT Shriver seems to imply. This is what Maurice Albertson, who researched the Peace Corps idea for the admin- istration, seems to be thinking when he suggests the possibility of "breakthrough" in international relations. This is what local Peace Corps leaders Alan and Judy Gus- kin perhaps meant in their initial statement of several months ago: The spirit of this movement cannot be found in the ship- ment of machines and experts abroad. It is to be found in aid through relationship, through personal participation in the problems and needs of the peoples of the world . . we must not forget our re- sponsibility at home; we must not forget our respoisibility. abroad. Those who go abroad are striving for peace through personal participation; those who stay in the United States must strive so that we can offer the world's people new inspiration for their own free- dom-no matter what form it may take .. . Idealism and practicality are not divergent or exclusive. By set- ting an idealistic goal, one ex- pands limited horizons and forces open an increased number of al- ternatives. If the Peace Corps sticks to its idealism, then per- haps people elsewhere will trust it and find it helpful. If it is helpful, it will be accelerating social-economic-medical progress around the world, thus establish- ing not only a better basis upon which people may make choices about their future, but also es- tablishing social and political sta-. bility and improved communica- tion and understanding. This is eminently "practical" and per- haps the only effective prepara- tion for an orderly system of in- ternational relations, * * * THE IDEALISM OF the Peace Corps suggests, ever so slightly, that we are to borrow Murray Kempton's phrasing, "moving out of the long night" of post-war politics and ideologies, and into new and hopefully better political forms and frames of reference. We can only do so if students main-, tain their vigor and, more im- portant, if our national leaders can match the strong idealism of the young in the complicated days ahead, when a dubious Congress must be battled, an American people must be stimulated and a multitude of nations must be con- vinced of our willingness to join them in the common task of hu- man improvement. AT THE STATE: ' Marron' AmbigUOUS "CIMARRON" offers the usual Ferber fare. Her major theme stands in the same relation to her work as those "official paradoxes" which plague sophisticated think, ing in the intellectual disciplines, e.g. supply-demand In economics stimulus-response in psychology; etcetera. In the build up of any territory, there are two basic types of people-the hustlers and the set- tiers. Another variation on this theme was,the grasping industri- alist vs. the compassionate man of the people in "Ice Palace." The question raised aid -never really answered is whicll are the most important. Homage was paid to the creative adventurers in this movie. Cimarron started e y e r y - thing, then his wife completed the good work. * * * WHILE THERE was conflict between these two, there is no examination in depth of the char- acters themselves. Cimarron's a wonderfully creative man, and isn't creativity wonderful. It re- mains merely unfortunate that he couldn't treat his women better. And there the questionremains. What is missing in this picture is the more or less succesful stud- ies of the degeneration of a good man, of which Edna Ferber is capable. Remember James Dean in'"Giant." In "Cimarron" there is a man of great cruelty, but he is bumped off early. * .* * BECAUSE THE story sweeps across two generations, from' the opening up of Oklahoma to the Great War, the movie is neces- sarily episodic. This in itself is okay, but midway through the movie the episodes lose their co- hesion. One gets the impression that half way through, the director lost interest in the story and quickly threw together some scenes to let us know what happened to these people as the years passed. Finally the movie ends with an unabashed steal from "This Is Your Life," which is awfully awfully, sticky. -Thomas Brien DAIlLY O FFICI AL BU LLIETINf $'!D :e~f f. S'r~i " s " {' " f h f . (Continued from Page 2) ents Tuesday matics Club: Dr. Herman Gluck ceton University will speak on FFlat Manifolds in E-4." Meet- be in the Amphitheater of kham Building, Tuesday, April :00 p.m. Refreshments will be fter the lecture. Graduate stu- *e invited. Lecturer: Erich Hertzmann, ogist and Professor of Music at a University in New York, will on "Mozart as, Pupil and Teach- Monday. May 15, 4:15 p.m. In m Amphitheatre rather than April 11 as previously sched- autical and Astronautical En- g Lecture Series: Dr. Stig Lund- Royal Institute of Technology dish State Power Board, Stock- weden, will give his first lec- "Plasma Models" at 4:00 p.m.,' torium C-Angell Hall. 'al Recital: Grady Wilson, or- will be heard in a recital Tues- ril 11, 8:30 p.m., in Hill Audi- presented in partial fulfill- the requirements for the de- ctor of Musical Arts, Horace ham School of Graduate Stud- ,Wilson will perform composi- Du Mage, Buxtehude, Bach, ucasse, and Durufle. Marilyn Ohio Boxboard Division, Rittman, Ohio -Man with degree in Econ., Fine Arts (Design), Gen. Lib. Arts or Bus,. Ad. for Sales-Territory, Sales Promotion, &" Production. Plants & sales offices from coast to coast. Beginning Wednesday, April 12, the following schools will have representa- tives at the Bureau to interview for the 1961-1962 school. year. WED., APRIL 12-.. Arlington Heights, M.-Elem.; Jr. HS Lang Arts/SS, Library, Set, Math, Voc Mus Fre/Span. Belleville, Mch.--Elem.; Eng, Math, Phys, Gen Sci, Girls Swim, HS Basket- ball Coach. Flint, Mich. (Kearsley Sch)-Elem.; HS Eng/Fre or Span; 9th Or. Math. Glencoe, il.-Primary, Intermediate, ? & 8th Or. Tchr., Jr., HS Sei. Highland Park, Ill. - Biol, Physics, Math, Swim. THURS., APRIL 13- Caro, Mich. -- Elem.; Eng, Comm (Shorthand, typing, bookkeeping). Davison, Mich.-Elem., vocal; Jr. HS Eng, SS, Speech; HS Eng. Grosse Pointe, Mich.-All Fields. Kalamazoo, Mich.-Elem.' PE; Music; Art; Eng; Math; Visiting Tchr, Sp. Corr. Livonia, Mich.-All Fields. Northville, Mich.-Elem., Art; Jr. HS Home Ec, Shop, Fre/Eng, Math/Sci; Speech Corr., Guid. FRI., APRIL 14- Oak Park, 111-Elem.; Jr. HS Math, SS, Set, Library, Graphic Arts, Span, Girls PE, E.M.H., Visually Hdcp., Cons Appointments,3 528 Administration Building, NOrmandy 3-1511, Ext. 489. PERSONNEL REQUESTS: North Bennet Street Industrial School, Boston, Mass.-Program Direc- tor for Girls & Teenage Dept.-MA in Social Work preferred. In addition to settlement house program, school oper- ates trade classes,rrehabilitation pro- gram &, 4 summer camps. WOMAN; immed. opening. Atlantic Refining. Co., Philadelphia, Pa.-Graft in ChemE or Chem. for 5-7 openings in Economic Evaluation & Planning Group of Res. & Dve. Dept. Adv. degree in Bus. Ad. or equivalent' 18 desirable. DK Manufacturing Co.,,Dunbar Rap- ple Division, Batavia, Ill. - Welding Bngnr.-BS in ME or MetE & several years welding and/or Fabricating ex- periene. To develop welding & fabri- cating processes for exotic, metals. Coleman Instruments, Inc., Maywood) 11.-June grad. in Chem., Physics or Chem. E. for Technical Sales position. Minor or at least several courses in Bus. Ad. necessary. After 1 yr. trng., will be assigned to either Midwest, Southwest or West Coast territory. General Motors Styling Staff, Detroit, Mich.-Secretary to Personnel Director., WOMAN with college background - any field. Typing & shorthand requir- ed. Work also involves some admin. work in various employee programs. Experience not essential. starting date: now-up to mirddle of June. Jewish Community Center, Detroit* Mich.-Grad.-BS or MS-in Phys. Ed. &/or Recreation to work with elemen- setts coed camp. Nils Predeiicksen in- terviewing men & women for all types of counseling positions Wed. & Thurs. afternoons from 1:30 to 4:55. Camp Douglas Smith-A Mich.'coed camp sponsored by Winnetka Commu- nity House, Winnetka, Ill. Robert Os- trander interviewing Wed. & Thurs. from 1:30 to 4:55 p.m. for counseling positions. Men & women. REQUEST: Wolverine Boys' State, East Lansing, Mich.-Counseling positions; June 13- 22, 1961.. Part-Time Employment The following part - time jobs are available. Applications for these lobs can be made in the Non-Academic Personnel Office, 1020 Admin. Bldg. Monday through Friday, 8:00 a.m. to 12:30 p.m. Employers desirous of hiring part- time or temporary employes should contactJack Lardie at NO 3-1511,hext. 2939. Students desiring miscellaneous jobs should consult the bulletin board in Rm. 1020 daily. MALE 1-Laboratory assistant, with natural science background 20 hours per week, all mornings or all after- noons. 7-Psychological subjects, under 25 years of age. 1 hour per day, 5-6 days per week, thru summer also. I